郑州市回民中学2019届高三第七次周测试题
2019学年河南省高三第七次测试文综历史试卷【含答案及解析】
2019学年河南省高三第七次测试文综历史试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、选择题1. “要帝制不再发生，民主共和可以安稳……非先将国民脑子里所有反对共和的旧思想，一一洗刷干净不可”，下列言论与材料原意相近的是 ( )A．“中国所以不可为者，由上权太重，民权尽失。
废君统，倡民主，变不平等为平等。
”B.“今者中国以千年专制之毒不解，异种残之，外邦逼之，民族主义、民权主义殆不可须臾缓。
”C . “所谓立宪政体，所谓国民政治，果能实现与否，纯然以多数国民能否对于政治，自觉其居于主人的主动的地位为难一根本之条件。
”D．“君权日益尊，民权日益衰，为中国致弱之根源。
今日策中国者，必日兴民权。
”2. 近代电车刚进入上海，有人作竹枝词：“铁线纵横铁轨铺，几如地网与天罗。
电车初试人都怕，说是将来肇祸多。
"一段时间后，有人又作竹枝词“人坐车中称稳便，儿童指点陆行舟”，“电车行驶通租界，市政经营仗市民”。
该材料本质上反映了（）A．西方物质文明深深融人中国社会 B．西方物质文明完全改变了中国传统习俗C．中西文明在抵触矛盾中相互渗透 D．西方物质文明被上海市民逐步接受3. 民国二十二年学者张素民提出：“……我以为个人主义的资本主义早已过去，本世纪各国的资本主义，都是“受节制的资本主义”。
所谓节制的资本主义，即一切经济事业，受政府的节制或限制，甚或由政府自办，这与亚当斯密之自由放任政策完全相反。
……换句话说，即是统制经济。
中国今日之觋代化，宜急起直追，努力进行，决非私人资本所能办到。
”下列说法与材料主张不相符的是 ( )A．实行统制经济发展模式B．实行国家干预经济的发展模式C．大力发展官僚资本主义以求取现代化D．避免西方个人主义的资本主义发展模式的弊端4. “如果不在工业和农业之间实行系统的商品交换或产品交换，无产阶级和农民在从资本主义和社会主义的过渡时期就不可能建立正确的关系，就不可能建立十分巩固的经济联盟。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI once taught in a small private school. Each morning at nine o’clock all the students, ranging in age from three to seven years old, gathered in the Great Room for a warm-up in preparation for the day.One morning the headmistress made an announcement to all the children gathered,“Today we begin a great experiment of the mind.” She held up two ivy(常春藤) plants, each potted in an identical container. She continued, “Do they look the same?”All the children nodded. So did I, for, in this way, I was alsoa child.“We will give the plants the same amount of light, the same amount of water, but not the same amount of attention,” She said. “Together we are going to see what will happen when we put one plant in the kitchen away from our attention and the other plant right here in this room. Each day for the next month, we shall sing to our plant in the Great Room and tell it how much we love it, and how beautiful it is. We will use our good minds to think good thoughts about it.”Four weeks later my eyes were as wide and disbelieving as the children’s. The kitchen plant was leggy and sick-looking, and it hadn’t grown at all. But the Great Room plant, which had been sung to and surrounded by positive thoughts and words, had increased threefold in size with dark leaves that were filled with energy.In order to prove the experiment, the kitchen ivy was brought to the Great Room to join the other ivy. Within three weeks, the second plant had caught up with the first ivy. Within four weeks, they could not be distinguished, one from the other.I took this lesson to heart and made it my own.1. Why did the headmistress do the experiment?A. She wanted to teach me a lesson.B. She expected the students to learn to grow plants.C. She meant to prove the impact of good minds on growth.D. She intended to show students how to save a sick-looking plant.2. What happened to the ivy in the kitchen at last?A. It stopped growing and died.B. It was leggy and sick with dark leaves.C. It looked almost the same as the other one.D. It grew better than the one in the Great Room.3. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Life Means GrowthB. Things Grow with LoveC. Equality Makes a DifferenceD. Positive Thoughts Really CountBBill Gates on how to fight future pandemicsWHEN HISTORIANS write the book on the covid-19 pandemic, what we've lived through so far will probably take up only the first third or so.The bulk of the story will be what happens next.I believe that humanity will beat this pandemic, but only when most of the population is vaccinated(接种疫苗）.Until then, life will not return to normal.As the pandemic slows in developed nations,itwill accelerate in developing ones.Their experience,however,will be worse.In poorer countries,where fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures won't work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems won't be able to care for the infected.Wealthy nations can help.But people in rich and poor places alike will be safe only once we have an effective medical solution for this virus,which means a vaccine.My hope is that,by the second half of 2021,facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If that's the case,it will be a history-making achievement: the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing（免疫）against it.Apart from this progress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.Researchers could have such a test ready within a few months of identifying a new disease.The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.We haven't been as effective at developing drugs to fight viruses as we have those to fight bacteria.But that will Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which they'll be able to scan trough and quickly find effective treatments for novel viruses.All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when thenumber of cases is still very low.Our progress won't be in science alone.It will also be in our ability to make sure everyone benefits from that science.In the years after 2021,I think we'll learn from the years after 1945. With the end of the Second World War, leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19, leaders will prepare institutions to prevent the next pandemic.These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.I expect they will participate in regular"germ games”in the same way as armed forces take part in War games.These will keep us ready for the next time a novel virus jumps from bats or birds to humans.I hope wealthy nations include poorer ones in these preparations,especially by devoting more foreign aid to building up their primary health-care systems.This pandemic has shown us that viruses don't obey border laws and that we are all connected biologically by a network of microscopic germs,whether we like it or not.The best analogy(类比）for today might be November 10th 1942.Britainhad just won its first land victory of the war,and Winston Churchill declared in a speech: “This is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning.”4. What are the three technologies that will prepare us for the next pandemic?①manufacturing a vaccine fast②diagnosing a virus at home③developing antiviral drugs④allowing us to intervene earlyA. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ②③④5. As far as poorer countries areconcerned,which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?A. pandemic disease is more likely to begin in poorer countriesB. Working from home can work well in poorer countries.C. Health systems are sufficient to care for the infected in poorer countries.D. Virus will cross borders if poorer countries fail to contain it.6. Why is the Second World War mentioned in Para.8?A. The fight against the COVID-19 is similar to the Second World War.B. People are suffering just as they were in the Second World War.C. We should cooperate globally just as we did after the Second World War.D. Countries are fighting each other like in the Second World War.7. What is the tone of this passage?A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. neutralD. indifferentCNot long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment. This tradition has continued, with the implied message: usethisand exercise willbe yours.And that's part of the problem, says Dr. Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University. There isn't one “best” anything to achieve fitness. Besides, people understand exercise is good for them. Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate.Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history. Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to. But then technology made life and work easier. Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for. “It's a fundamental instinct to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding,” he says.It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise “can make it like taking cod liver oil,” Lieberman says. “Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't. And it's still coming across as an order, and “not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward,” says Dr. Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable. Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people. The majority don't feel excited. They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be. Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise. It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun.8. What does the underlined “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The magazine.B. The tradition.C. The equipment.D. The message.9. What can we infer about technology?A. It improves life quality.B. It saves people's time.C. It drives social progress.D. It makes exercise less likely.10. Why does the author mention “cod liver oil” in paragraph 4?A. To attach importance to health.B. To present a doctor's prescription.C. To explain exercise is considered inessential.D. To introduce the latest medical application.11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Exercise should be made more joyful.B. It's more fun to work out with others.C. We may encounter bad workout experiences.D. Orders work well to motivate people to exercise.DIn the northern part ofAustin there once lived an honest family by the name of Smothers. The family had John Smothers, his wife and their five-year-old daughter.One night after supper the little girl was ill with a serious stomachache, and John Smothers hurried downtown to get some medicine. He never came back. The mother was very sad over her husband's disappearance, and it was nearly three months before she married again, and moved to San Antonio. The little girl recovered and in time grew up to womanhood. After a few years had rolled around, the little girl also married in time, and she also had a little girl of five years. She still lived in the same house where theydweltwhen her father had left and never returned.By an unbelievable coincidence her little girl was taken with the same stomachache on the same night of the disappearance of John Smothers, who would now have been her grandfather if he had been alive. “I will go downtown and get some medicine for her,” said John Smith(for it was he whom she had married). “No, no, dear John,” cried his wife. “You, too, might disappear forever, and then forget to come back.” So John Smith did not go, and together they sat by the bedside of little Pansy. After a little while Pansy seemed to grow worse, and John Smith again wanted to go for medicine, but his wife would not let him.Just then, the door suddenly opened and an old man with long white hair entered the room. “Hello, here is grandpa,” said Pansy. She had recognized him before any of the others. The old man drew a bottle of medicine from his pocket and gave Pansy a spoonful. She got well immediately. “I was a little late,” said John Smothers, “as I waited for a street car.”12. What happened after John Smothers disappeared?A. His daughter took some medicine.B. His wife left for San Antonio.C. Pansy immediately had a stomachache.D. John Smith went for medicine.13. What does the underlined word “dwelt” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Lived.B. Left.C. Returned.D. Married.14. What is the relationship between John Smothersand Pansy?A. Husband and wife.B. Father and daughter.C. Grandfather and granddaughter.D. Father and son.15. How could Pansy's mother feel when she saw John Smothers?A. Worried.B. Sad.C. Uninterested.D. Surprised.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADon’t know where to enjoy yourself? Here are some choices for you.Santa Cruz Mission State Historic ParkPopUp Picnics in the park return for the fourth summer in a row, taking place on Thursdays. Take a break to enjoy tacos (墨西哥玉米薄饼卷). Prices changefrom $ 2 to $ 10. Cash only.144 School Street June 13-August 15 Start at 11:30 am and end at 1:30 pmThe Crow’s NestEach summer on Thursday evenings the Crow’s Nest offers its Summer Beach Party series on the beach. The party starts at 5:30 pm each week and goes until sunset. Families are welcome, and there is no entrance fee. After the sun sets, the fun begins with dancing to the best live music of local bands.2218 East Cliff Drive May 30-August 29 Start at 5:30 pm and end at 8:30 pmBargetto WineryJoin us for a beautiful weekend of art and wine. Bargetto Winery will be hosting their yearly gathering of artists and foodies（美食家）at their amazing Soquel winery. No entrance fee. Wine tasting with purchase of $ 15 festival glass. 3535 North Main StreetJuly 20 - July 21 Start at 11:00 am and end at 5:00 pmChaminade Resort & SpaChef Page takes guests on a journey showing the area rich fruits, vegetables, and meats. Dinner begins at 6:30 pm with a five-course menu and good wines. Seating booked is not a choice, as all guests are seated at large, connecting, beautifully set tables designed to invite open conversations among guests. Ticket price: $ 90 per person. Tickets can be gotten online.Chaminade Lane July 26 Start at 6:00 pm and end at 9:00 pm1. What can we know about PopUp Picnics in the park?A. It lasts two days.B. It is held on Thursdays.C. It has been held twice.D. It can be paid in credit card.2. What can people do in the Crow’s Nest?A. Enjoy tacos.B. Talk with artists and foodies.C. Watch the sunrise on the beach.D. Watch the performance of the bands.3. Which activity can be booked on the Internet?A. The Crow's Nest.B. Bargetto Winery.C. Chaminade Resort & Spa.D. Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park.BCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.4. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.5. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.6. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.7. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.CA wife’s level of education positively influences both her own and her husband’s chances of having a long life, according to a new Swedish study.In the study, researchers from the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholmfound that a woman’s level of education had a stronger connection to the likelihood of her husband dying over education. What’s more, they discovered that a husband’s social class, based on his occupation, had a greater influence on his wife’s longevity(长寿) than her own class.“Women traditionally take more responsibility for the home than men do, and, as a result, women’s levels of education might be more important for determining lifestyles－for example, in terms of food choices－than those of men,” say Srs. Robert Erikson and Jenny Torssander of the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholm.The results show that a husband’s level of education does not influence his longevity, but that men with partners who had quit studying after school were 25 per cent more likely to die early than men living with women holding university degrees. In turn, those married to women with university degrees were 13 percent more likely to die early than those whose wives had post-graduate qualifications.According to the researchers, a woman with a good education may not marry a man who drinks and smokes too much or who drives carelessly, and men with such habits may not prefer highly educated woman. Drs. Erikson and Torssander also suggest that better-educated women may be more aware of what healthy eating and good health care consist of.The findings suggest that education has a huge impact on how long and how well people live. It also reflects social factors, since educated individuals usually have better jobs, which allow them to afford healthier diets and lifestyles, as well as better health care.8. In this passage the author intends to ________.A. present the results of a studyB. encourage women to get higher educationC. analyze the relationship between education and lifeD. discuss why women usually live longer than men9. A woman with higher education is likely to ________.A. teach her children wellB. earn more money than her husbandC. marry a man without many bad habitsD. choose a husband with a higher degree than hers10. A wife’s education has more effect on a family than a husband’s because ________.A. women make more sacrifices to their families than men doB. most women have higher degrees than their husbandsC. most men marry women with higher degreesD. women have a leading role in the home life of most families11. We learn from the passage that ________.A. a man with a lot of education lives longer than one with littleB. educated wives tend to choose healthy lifestyles for their familiesC. highly-educated women don’t marry uneducated menD. a man’s longevity depends on not only his wife’s level of education but also his ownDA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”12. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.13. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining14. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.15. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期中考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance andsupervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BIf you’re looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer’s record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit, according to arecent study. But tree cover in US cities is shrinking (缩减). A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. “If we continue on this path, cities will become warmer, more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants,” said David Nowak, a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study. Nowak says there are many reasons why our tree cover is declining, including hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, insects and disease. But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.Nowak says there is a downside to trees too, such as pollen allergy (花粉过敏) or large tailing branches in storms, and people don’t like sweeping leaves. But, he says, there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive (繁荣). Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees. Unlike rural areas, it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt (沥青). “A lot of our native trees can’t actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate,” explains Greg Levine, co-executivedirector of Trees Atlanta. “That’s why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren’t natural anymore.”Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property (财产). “We think we pay for our house, and sowe must maintain it. But because we don’t pay for nature, we don’t need to. And that’s not necessarily true.”4. Why does the author mention “trees can lower summer daytime temperatures”?A. To tell the temperatures in summer are high.B. To explain the reason of tree loss.C. To tell trees are helpful.D. To introduce the topic.5. How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak?A. Develop cities in reasonable ways.B. Prevent fires form damaging trees.C. Improve climate to let trees grow.D. Decrease insects in cities.6. Why do forests in cities need our help?A. Because trees don’t grow in a city environment.B. Because native trees don’t drop seeds any more.C. Because trees in urban areas can’t regenerate naturally.D. Because humans want to plant more trees.7. What is the purpose of this passage?A. Describe the importance of trees in cities.B. Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.C. Ask people to plant trees with the author.D. Show the number of trees in theUSis declining.CResearchers say spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing technology.It's not the first time that experts have claimed techniques could develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color1 of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.But researchers inBrazilandIrelandsay such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids, which make food taste “hot”.“Capsaicinoids are valuable. They are used as painkillers and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agustin Zsogon from a Brazilian university, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and lowproductive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the pungency of the fruits table. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsogon.Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsogon. “Using gene-editing technology, it is likely to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, making the fruit more special”, he said.8. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A. To test the gene-editing technologyB. To improve the amount of the tomatoesC. To explore ways to harvest more capsaicinoids.D. To make the tomatoes more delicious.9. For what purpose can capsaicinoids be used according to the text?A. To put on weight.B. To ease the pain.C. To improve sleep.D. To better the look.10. What is Zsogon's attitude to the gene-editing technology?A. Confident.B. Critical.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.11. What's the main idea of the text?A. An introduction to gene-editing plants.B. Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing.C. Problems with capsaicinoid production.D. The procedure of producing capsaicinoids.DWhen Chip heard the mail truck arriving on his sixth birthday, herushed out—not knowing that he’d come back with a treasure.Outside the house, which was decorated with birthday balloons, postwoman Shelley held a pile of boxes. One was marked with Chip’s name and a greeting for his Special day, November 5.“So,” when he came running out the door, she said, “You must be Chip!” And he said,“Yes.” She said, “Today’s your birthday?” And he started smiling. Shelley said, “So, let me see if I can find you something for your birthday.”She checked her pocket and surprised him with a gift: a dollar bill and four quarters.On this day, the 42-year-old postwoman made one little boy very happy. “He was very excited,” said his mom, Bonnie. “He came running back in the house just waving his money.” Chip is saving up to buy a Spider-man action figure.“Our family has had money problems since I lost my job. Gestures like that are valuable memories.” Her hope is that Chip and his eight-year-old sister, Bennett, will remember this when they grow up. “Not the ugly that is out there right now, but the good and the kind and the giving.”A photo of a smiling Chip and Shelley next to the mail truck has been shared widely on social media. Shelley said she was just trying to give back, because people are often nice to her eight-year-old son, Joshua.On a recent day, Chip heard the mail truck and rushed out again, this time to deliver an envelope with a thank-you card for his favorite mail carrier. Since that day, the families have kept in contact. Shelley has struggled to find someone who can take care of her son, and Bonnie has agreed to watch him at her home while his mom is on her mail route.12. Why did Chip rush out when he heard the mail truck the first time?A. To thank the postwoman.B. To get a gift box mailed to him.C. To receive birthday wishes from the driver.D. To watch the mail truck.13. What did Shelley do to make Chip happy?A. She gave him some pocket money.B. She sent him some birthday balloons.C. She presented him with a greeting card.D. She bought him a Spider-man action figure.14. What is Chip’s mother’s attitude towards Shelley?A. Grateful.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Indifferent.15. What does Chip’s mother do to help Shelley?A. She offers to deliver the mails for her.B. She often helps drive her mail truck.C. She looks after her son when she is at work.D. She posts pictures of her mail truck on social media.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三生物一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三生物一模试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 某兴趣小组设计了如图所示的实验装置若干组，在室温25℃下进行了一系列的实验，下列对实验过程中装置条件及结果的叙述，正确的是（）（说明：装置内氧气充足，不考虑无氧呼吸）A.若X溶液为缓冲液并给予光照，液滴移动距离可表示真光合速率B.若X溶液为溶液并将装置遮光处理，液滴右移C.若X溶液为清水并给予适宜的光照，光合作用大于细胞呼吸时，液滴不移动D.若X溶液为清水并将植物更换为萌发的经表面消毒的油菜种子，液滴左移2. 内环境稳态是维持机体正常生命活动的必要条件。
下列相关叙述中，正确的是（）A.组织液中Na+浓度增大，神经元的静息电位没有变化B.内环境中抗利尿激素增加会导致血浆渗透压增高C.正常情况下血红蛋白、激素、神经递质均会出现在内环境中D.运动员剧烈运动时，血浆pH在乳酸的作用下明显降低3. 科研人员将豚鼠的胰腺腺泡细胞培养在适宜条件下，检测到物质X被不断地运输到细胞外，且该过程是一个耗能的过程。
下列有关说法错误的是()A.低温和缺氧必定会影响物质X的运输速率B.物质X的运输必定需要相应载体的协助C.细胞外物质X的浓度不一定大于细胞内D.细胞膜上磷脂分子和蛋白质分子的相对运动为X的顺利运输提供了保障4. 脂质是组成细胞的必要成分，下列有关叙述正确的是（）A.质量相同的糖类和脂肪被彻底氧化分解，糖类耗氧多B.磷脂与胆固醇都是脂质，都是植物细胞细胞膜不可缺少的成分C.人体血液中的胆固醇过高可能会引发心脑血管疾病D.脂肪是重要的储能物质，还有缓冲，减压作用，易溶于水5. 图为细胞核结构示意图，其中核孔是一种特殊的跨膜运输蛋白复合体，是双功能（被动运输与主动运输）、双向性的核质物质交换通道。
下列相关叙述正确的是（）A. ℃是产生核糖体、mRNA和rRNA场所B. 在细胞有丝分裂过程中，℃℃℃会发生周期性的变化C.DNA聚合酶、核糖体蛋白、DNA等大分子物质进出细胞核都需要消耗能量D. ℃℃进出细胞核消耗的A TP主要是在细胞核中形成的6. 通过单倍体育种将宽叶不抗病(AAbb)和窄叶抗病(aaBB)两个烟草品种培育成宽叶抗病(AABB)新品种。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AKuala Lumpur is a capital city in Malaysia. Here are the top 4 budget hotels:The Chinatown Inn (About $30 per night)Just a block from the railway station, located in Chinatown’s open market. It has clean beds, central air conditioning, hot water forcoffee and tea, and a hall with a big screen TV. Wi-Fi is good except Floor 5. The guests’ complaint is that the air condition is too cold, so make sure you get a room with a window. You can open it to let some warmth in.Ancasa Express (About $45 per night).The hotel is above the sky-train station. That makes it convenient to get to other parts of the city. From the station, take the elevator to the 5th floor to reach the hotellobby(大厅). The rooms are clean and nice. There is a flat screen TV, the strongest Wi-Fi, and a very hot rainfall shower. The guests’ complaint is that the cafe is only open for breakfast and dinner, and not 24 hours.Central Hotel (About $35 per night)This hotel is just two blocks from the Central Station, which is the heart of all transportation in the city. From Central you can walk 2 blocks to the beautiful Central Hotel, in which rooms are small but clean, and have common Wi-Fi.Ocean 77 (About $25 per night)On Petaling Street in Chinatown, this brand new hotel is most spotlessly clean. There is a flat screen TV and good Wi-Fi in each room. The location is good, in the heart of the Petaling Street market. No cafe in the hotel, but many on the street.1.In the Chinatown Inn you are told to choose a room with a window ________.A.because the light in the room is dimB.so that you can breathe the fresh airC.so that you can let some warm air inD.so that you can have a good view from it2.If a guest likes surfing the Net, which of the following would be his first choice?A.The Chinatown InnB.Central Hotel.C.Ocean 77.D.Ancasa Express3.What is the unusual characteristic of Ocean 77?A.It is the cheapest, newest and cleanest.B.Its location is in the heart of the city.C.It is located in the street in Chinatown.D.There is a flat screen TV and good Wi-Fi.BThe headmaster of a primary school showed on television to support her idea that parents should “dress appropriately in daywear” when they drop off and pick up their kids from school.Kate Chisholm, head teacher atSkerneParkAcademyin Darlington, theU.K., sent a letter home asking parents to set a better example for their children.“I have noticed there has been an increasing tendency for parents to drop off and pick up their kids from school while still wearing their pajamas (睡衣),” Chisholm wrote.“Could I please ask that when you are sending your children, you take the time to dress appropriately in daywear that is suitable for the weather conditions?”Kate Chisholm wants parents at her school to dress nicer. She appeared on British television station ITV to further explain her decision, saying she had started noticing the pajama trend had been picked up by “30 or 40” parents at school.Despite her determination to make school a nicer place to be, Chisholm admits that she can't demand that parents dress up-such as Karen Routh, 49, who wore pajamas to drop off her 8-ycar-old daughter Holly, because she was running late and didn't feel well.“I imagine there might be some people who keep up wearing pajamas for the next six months to prove a point,” Chisholm said. “I can't force people to get dressed but I will keep sending letters home in the hope that they decide to put on a pair of jeans.”Wearing pajamas in public has also become a hot issue for some schools and States in theU.S.In 2015, aFloridaschool board member insisted on a dress rule for parents who showed up in the school in sleepwear.4. The headmaster asks parents to pay attention to ______.A. the way they dressB. the relations with teachersC. the way they treat their kidsD. the clothes they buy for their kids5. How does Chisholm try to change this situation?A. Asking kids to set examples.B. Keeping them out of school.C. Sending letters to persuade them.D. Forcing them to change by laws.6. Why did Kate Chisholm appear on ITV?A. She wanted to force Karen to dress properly.B. Parents spent less time on their clothes.C. She wanted to explain her decision about the parents' dress.D. She wanted to tell us more and more parents wear pajamas to school.7. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.A. strict laws should be passed to stop pajamasB. aFloridaschool will force parents to wear jeansC. people wearing pajamas in public will be punishedD. more and more people are concerned about dressing properly in publicCI dropped out of college after my first year. Three years later, I returned to college after having been stuck in a dead-end job, working at a department store. I saw school as my way out. But I quickly found myself up against the same problems that had caused me to give up before. I was in over my head with college-level algebra (代数) and a heavy workload of reading and writing homework. In addition, I was still unsure of my career (职业) direction。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文期末试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文期末试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
钓鱼的医生汪曾祺（1）这个医生几乎每天钓鱼。
（2）你大概没有见过这样钓鱼的。
（3）他搬了一把小竹椅，随身带着一个白泥小灰炉子，一口小锅，提盒里葱姜作料俱全，还有一瓶酒。
他的钓竿很短，鱼线也不长，而且不用漂子，就这样把钓线甩在水里，看到线头动了，提起来就是一条三四寸长的鲫鱼。
刮刮鳞洗净了，就手放到锅里。
不大一会儿，鱼就熟。
他就一边吃鱼，一边喝酒，一边甩钩再钓。
这种出水就烹制的鱼味美无比，叫做“起水鲜”。
到听见女儿在门口喊：“爸!”知道是有人来看病了，就把火盖上，把鱼竿插在岸边湿泥里，起身往家里走。
不一会儿，就有一只钢蓝色的蜻蜓落在他的鱼竿上了。
（4）这位老兄姓王，字淡人。
他是阴历九月生的，大名里还带一个菊字。
古人的一句“人淡如菊”，造就了一个好名字。
（5）王淡人的家很好认。
大门总是开着的,通道里挂了好几块大匾。
匾上写的是“功福同良相”“济世救人”“仁心仁术”“术绍岐黄”“杏林春暖”“妙手回春”……医生家的匾都是这一套。
匾都有年头了，只有一块很新，是去年才送的。
这块匾与医术关系不大，匾上写的是“急公好义”，字是颜体。
（6）进了过道，是一个小院子。
院里种着鸡冠、秋葵、凤仙一类既不花钱，又不费事的草花。
有一架扁豆。
还有一畦瓢菜。
这地方不吃瓢菜，也没有人种。
这一畦瓢菜是王淡人从外地找了种子，特为种来和扁豆配对的。
王淡人的医室里挂着一副郑板桥作的对子：“一庭春雨瓢儿菜，满架秋风扁豆花。
”他很喜欢这副对子。
（7）他这个医生是“男妇内外大小方脉”，什么病都看。
外科用的药，大都是“散”药面子。
“神仙难识丸散”，虽然每一家药铺都挂着一块小匾“修合存心”，但是王淡人还是不相信。
外科散药里有许多贵重药：麝香、珍珠、冰片……哪家的药铺能用足？因此，他自己炮制。
他的老婆、儿女，都是他的助手，经常看到他们抱着一个乳钵，握着乳锤，一圈一圈慢慢地磨研。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASan Francisco Bay Area is a great place if you're a sports fan as you'll find several events all year round and plenty of team pride. If you are anywhere close to the area during a game,these fantastic sports events are here for you.San Francisco Giants BaseballThe San Francisco Giants baseball team plays in SF at Oracle Park. This is a fun ballpark because it's always packed with great energy and offers views of the bay. It's one of the most popular San Francisco sports events. The Giants are part of the National League West Division. Since their arrival here in 1958,they have been World Series Champions three times.Golden State Warriors BasketballThe fan base of the Golden State Warriors distributes the whole San Francisco Bay Area as this region's only NBA team.Their regular season runs from late October through mid-April, and all home games are played at the Chase Center in San Francisco.In total, the Warriors has won six NBA championships.San Francisco 49ers FootballThe 49ers are San Francisco's NFL team, though they have recently moved to Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, about an hour south of SF. The football team was named for the prospectors (探矿者) who arrived in the area in 1849 for the Gold Rush. They’ve won 5 Super Bowl championships, all between 1981 and 1994.San Jose Sharks HockeyThe San Jose Sharks represent the Bay Area in hockey (冰球).They were founded in 1991 as the only Bay Area team to compete in the NHL. Sharks fans love going to these San Francisco sports events at the SAP Center,which they call the Shark Tank,located about an hour southeast of SF.1.Where can a sports fan have a good view of the area?A.The Oracle Park.B.The Chase Center.C.Levi's Stadium.D.The SAP Center2.Which team has claimed the most titles according to the text?A.The Giants.B.The Golden State Warriors.C.The 49ers.D.The San Jose Sharks.3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A book review.B.A news report.C.A science fiction.D.A tourist magazine.BJohn Montefiore's path to graduation from theUniversityofTorontowas a little unusual. He recently completed his bachelor's degree(学士学位) which he started in1995.Montefiore left university in 1996 and tried to tell himself that a degree wasn't necessary for personal success. But it remained unfinished businessuntil he made the decision to return in 2018 at the age 42. At that time, his job development stalled, so he made up his mind to go back to school in order to improve himself and work well in future.The second time around, Montefiore never missed a class and always sat in the front row. He found many courses invaluable and he received the Award of Excellence twice. He found support services played an important role in his successful return. He said, “I hadn't written a paper for years, so I found the college writing centre to be of great use. Before I handed in a paper, they would give me feedback, which was really great. The university has so much built in to help students succeed and I'm so thankful for that.” But he also met difficulties this time. As a student much older than others, he found it harder to make friends with classmates.However, no matter what had happened before, he finally got his bachelor's degree. He said, “After all these years, I had thought it wouldn't mean anything, but it means a lot. I totally understand the value of education now. It's not necessarily the value that other people see in it, but the value it gives me as a person, for my confidence and my self-esteem. It also helps me prepare well before I re-enter the workplace.”4. Why was Montefiore's graduation unusual?A. He had achieved personal success before.B. He understood the importance of a degree.C. He finished his degree at a much older age.D. He began his university study at a young age.5. What does the underlined word "stalled" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Stopped.B. Started.C. Survived.D. Succeeded.6. What can we learn about Montefiore from the third paragraph?A. He got good grades very easily.B. He took his study seriously this timeC. He was thankful for his classmates' helpD. He had difficulty using support services.7. What did Montefiore learn from his experience?A. Confidence is important in one's life.B. Others' opinions on education matter a lot.C. Higher education is a must for personal success.D. Education makes one feel better about himself.CIt’s easy to do easy things, but they don’t carry the challenges and rewards of doing something difficult. Scott Kelly said he tried to express that view everywhere he went. And he spoke from experience, having spent a career that included the time as a NASA astronaut, US Navy captain, fighter pilot, and engineer.Scott spoke at the University of North Alabama, sharing stories about his experience of spending a year on the International Space Station (ISS). He said the physical pressure of living in weightlessness for a year was hard to describe and that the fluids(积水) in his head sometimes made him feel like he was standing on his head. It also needed some time to recover when he returned home. “My legs were weak and it would be uncomfortable to sit for a while because my body hadn’t had that pressure so long,” Scott said.He discussed life aboard including spending time with Russian astronauts. They came from different cultures. He had managed to get along well with everyone aboard as they lived together, worked together, and had to rely on each other. He thought it was one of the most rewarding things in his life.Though life there was not easy, Scott never regretted being an astronaut and going to space. He also discussed experiences growing up, admitting that he wasn’t always the greatest student but was able to overcome that through hard work and determination.“Never give up or lower your dreams. If you work for it, all things are possible. There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you don’t even try. And when you succeed after trying hard, you’ll find it really rewarding,” Scott said in the end.8. Scott mentioned his experience in the ISS mainly to show ________.A. he enjoyed making speechesB. he was a responsible astronautC. his life in space was challengingD. the daily life of an astronaut can be boring9. What may benefit Scott most when he lived with Russian astronauts?A. He won some awards through teamwork.B. He found the fun of living in the Space Station.C. He learned to develop close relationships with others.D. He picked up some knowledge of Russian culture.10. Which of the following can best describe Scott?A. Kind and thoughtful.B. Curious and humorous.C. Easygoing and sociable.D. Hardworking and determined.11. What does the author intend to tell us from Scott’s story?A. It’s importantto have a dreamB. Easy things are also worth doingC. A suitable career leads one to success.D. Difficult things are demanding but rewardingDIf you easily make mistakes when in a hurry, a new study from Michigan State University—the largest of its kind to date-found that meditation (冥想) could help you improve the situation.The research tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)—or, meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in one’s mind and body—alteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.“People’s interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.” said Jeff Lin, MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author. “But it’s amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object, commonly your breath, but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,” Lin said, “It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle, Ling Peng and Jason Moser—hired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.The participants, who had never meditated before, were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography (脑电图), or EEG. Then, they completed a computerized distraction (分心) test.“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level, so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,” Lin said. “A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity, which is linked to conscious error recognition. We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,” Moser said.12. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Changed.B. Prevented.C. Started.D. Recorded.13. Why is open monitoring meditation different?A. It is just aimed at a single object.B. It clears your mind of everything.C. It gets too caught up in the scenery.D. It focuses on where the mind travels.14. What did the researchers do for the studyA. They hired people who had meditated before.B. They measured the participants’ brain activity.C. They reminded the participants to avoid errors.D. They had non-meditators design a distraction test.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a HurryB. You’re Able to Recognize Errors ConsciouslyC. Meditators’ Brain Proves Much More ActiveD. OMM Can Help You Make Fewer Mistakes第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASevenhugs HugOneDo you want to improve the quality of your sleep? Sevenhugs has created HugOne that tracks different sleep patterns to help families consistently rest better. There are dozens of devices and tools devoted to monitoring the sleep. But, HugOne is the world’s first family smart home sleep system, which integrates a calculation rule for sleep patterns of children and adults.HugOne is a well-designed product, full of a sense of science and technology. It connects to a number of smaller sensors called “minihugs”, which are placed on the edge of each bed. They monitor the sleep patterns and other data coming from the person sleeping in that bed. The data arethen sent to an app on the smartphone.● The benefits of HugOne include:* Having a smart alarm clock on the app as HugOne learns your sleep cycle and automatically sets and sounds to when the best moment in your sleep cycle is identified.* Monitoring temperature and humidity in your bedroom as well as indoor air quality for the main living space.* Linking with smart lamps and thermostats, allowing users to fall asleep with sunset light and preferred nighttime temperatures, and wake up to sunrise light and preferred daytime temperatures.* Ensuring safety from electronic transmissions when you sleep-when the minihug senses a presence in bed, it shuts off its electronic transmissions and starts recording sleep data and sending them to the app.● The following are selected from customers’ comments:I prefer HugOne, since it’s convenient to use. I simply place the minihug in the corner of my bed under the sheet and it goes to work monitoring my sleep cycle. It’s really good.—Robert Compton● HugOne available for purchase includes:I think HugOne is a humanized product. It’s shareable, and I’ve connected eight minihugs to the HugOne base in my house. All my family members think highly of it.—Chris Hanawalt HugOne will provide maximum protection for your sleep. If you want to get more detailed information, please call the sellers at 1-800-576-1899 or .Style: Sleep Tracking System＋2 Sleep SensorsColour: Blue＋Rose1. How does HugOne effectively work?A. It controls sleep patterns automatically.B. It creates smart systems for a better sleep.C. It collects sleep data through the minihugs.D. It makes a calculation of the data sensors need.2. According to the passage, HugOne can ______.A. adjust temperature, humidity and air quality in bedroomsB. update the sleep cycles by aid of an alarm clock on the appC. record sleep data when there are electronic transmissions in bedD. help users fall asleep and wake up naturally with preferred temperatures3. The passage is made more believable by ______.A. providing statisticsB. drawing a comparisonC. giving a demonstrationD. using recommendationsBIn May this year, as part of our 150th anniversary, we asked readers aged between18 and 25 to enter an essay competition. The task was to tell us, in no more than 1,000 words, what scientific advance they would most like to see in their lifetimes, and why it mattered to them.The response was phenomenal: we received 661 entries. Some entrants hoped that science would make their lifetimes much longer than they can currently expect. Many looked forward to work that will end climate change. Others wanted to see advances in our understanding of human history, crop growth, space exploration, and medical technologies. The ideas were inspiring.The winner is a compelling essay by Yasmin Ali, a PhD student at the University of Nottingham, UK. Ali submitted a piece on Beethoven, her brother’s hearing loss and the science which she hoped would one day cure it. It stood out to the judges as a reminder of why many scientists do research: to make the world better tomorrow than it is today.All essays were judged by a group of Nature editors. The top ten submissions were then ranked by three members of a separate judging group: Magdalena Skipper, editor-in-chief of Nature; Faith Osier, a researcher; and Jess Wade, a physicist. All submissions were kept anonymous throughout the process.We also selected two runners-up(非冠军的获奖者).Physicist Robert Schittkoat Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, proposes that nuclear fusion(核聚变) could offer a solution to the climate crisis, in a piece that effortlessly mixes grand ambition with gentle humour. And chemist Matthew Zajac at the University of Chicagoin Illinois wrote a powerful personal account of why he wants to see advances in the field of same-sex reproduction.The results show that today’s young scientists have a wealth of ideas, talent and conviction that research can transform their world. We look forward to seeing what they do next.4. What’s the essay competition about?A. The scientific expectation.B. The fantastic scientific ideas.C. The dreams of future life.D. The celebration of anniversary.5. Why Yasmin Ali was chosen the winner?A. She showed great talent in music.B. She found the cure for the loss of hearing.C. She appealed for people to care about hearing loss problem.D. She reminded people to remember the meaning of science development.6. What can we learn about the result of the essay competition?A. Robert Schittko won the second place.B. There were two winners in the essay competition.C. Matthew Zajac presented his view of same-sex reproduction.D. The two runners-up were selected for the same field they chose.7. What isthe author’s attitude to the competitors’ ideas about science expectations?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Impossible.D. Ignorant.CIn Copenhagen, an 8-year dream was realized when the first paid skiers took their runs down a one-third-mile course (路线)．They skied on what is possibly the greenestpower factory in the world．The factory is so clean and safe that designers were able to turn its buildings into a new center for social life．The waste-to-power factory itself opened in 2017 under the name Amager Bakke．Bjarke Ingels is the architect whosecompany came up with the idea eight years ago of designing a power plant building that would join mountain sports into its very nature．“It is the cleanest waste-to-energy power plant in the world．It is not only better for the environment, it is also moreenjoyable for the lives of its citizens.” Ingels says 97% of city people get their heating as a by-product of energy production．It comes from a system where the electricity, heating, and waste disposal (处理) are mixed into a single process．He dreams that it is also becoming an example that others can look to and say, “IfCopenhagencan do it why can' t we?"There are no hills in this island city, but now people can ski locally, while enjoying the best views ever seen of the harbor．Another thing missing hereis snow cover throughout the winter, so designers set up a kind of special "plastic grass" that provides the perfect friction (摩擦力) for downhill winter sports．In a country where 600, 000 skiers always had to travel to practice sking, to be able to finally ski in their backyard-and, all year round - is, as one skier said, “AMAZING．”The company hopes to see 300, 000 visitors enjoying the experience of Copen hill each year, with the ski slope costing $ 22 an hour or just $ 366 for a full season pass．Meanwhile, the city is one step closer to its final goal of becoming the world's first carbon-neutral city by 2025．We thinkit might be all “down hill” from here．8. How does the power factory produce electricity?A. By using oil．B. By using coal．C. By usingwind．D. By using waste．9. What' s Ingels' dream according to the passage?A. To make more tall buildings in different big cities．B. To help more skiers to ski in high mountains．C. There will be more green power factories in the world．D. More and more people will ski in the power factory．10. Where do the skiers ski in the power factory?A. On man-made snow．B. On man-made ice．C. On plastic grass．D. On real sand．11. The underlined part “it might be all 'downhill' from here" means that________.A. they will soon reach their final goalB. they will soon draw many visitorsC. they will produce more electricityD. they have difficulties reaching the goalDWhen you think of the icy Arctic Ocean, do you picture cold blue waters, on which float (漂浮) icebergs home to animals and fish not seen elsewhere on the planet? Think again, or rather add 300 billion pieces of plastic (塑料) to your picture. That's the amount of plastic that scientists believe is floating around the Arctic Ocean. Most of the plastic is in the area to the east of Greenland and north of Scandinavia.Where did it come from? After all, the lands near the Arctic are not really full of people. It turns out that ocean currents are carrying plastic thrown into the ocean all the way to the Arctic. An ocean current is an unending movement of sea water from one point to another. It is caused by several things including heat from the Sun, wind and movement of the Earth.Many of these plastic pieces seem to have travelled for years before reaching the Arctic. This was worked out by scientists studying the plastic problem after they observed the condition of the pieces. While much plastic floats on top of the water, a lot also may be on the sea floor.Plastic has been widely used for 60 years on Earth and our careless throwing of plastic things is slowly turning the once perfectly clean Arctic into a dangerous place. Unlike food waste and plant waste, plastic doesn't break down so easily. In fact the United States Environment Protection Organization reports that “every bit of plastic ever made still exists”.What's the effect? Seabirds, sea turtles and other ocean creatures could get hurt and die when they accidentallyswallowplastic. Plastic waste affects fishing, affecting people who earn money through fishing. Plastics can let out dangerous poisons (毒物) into the water. These may be swallowed by fish, and when these fish are caught and eaten by people or bigger animals, they could get poisoned too!12. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Arctic Ocean is heavily polluted.B. The plastic is mostlyin the area in the east of Greenland.C. An ocean current is just caused by the movement of the earth.D. Much more plastic floats on top of the water.13. Which of the following doesn't contribute to the plastic ocean?A. Humans throw away plastic things at will.B. Ocean currents carry plastic things everywhere.C. Plastic can let out harmful things into the water.D. Plastic is hard to break down.14. What does the underlined word “swallow” in the last Paragraph mean?A. Break down.B. Take in.C. Accept.D. Touch.15. What's the best title of the text?A. Are Men to Blame for Plastic Ocean?B. Arctic Ocean and Its Future!C. Is Plastic Harmful?D. Arctic Ocean or Plastic Ocean?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年河南省郑州市回民中学高三历史下学期期末试题含解析
2019年河南省郑州市回民中学高三历史下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题（每小题2分，共60分）1. 《中华民国临时约法》和《1787年美国宪法》都具有里程碑的意义。
这两部文献都①颁布于资产阶级革命时期；②受到启蒙思想的影响；③是该国首部资产阶级宪法；④有反封建的进步意义A.①②③④B.①②④C.①②③D.②③④参考答案：C试题分析：美国历史中，并没有封建主义的传统，所以无所谓的反封建的进步意义，判排除④有反封建的进步意义。
结合所学，①②③均是正确的。
考点：民主政治的重要文献?《中华民国临时约法》；美国共和制的确立——《1787年宪法》?1787年宪法2. 明朝建立之初，朱元璋曾下令立一块“宦官不得干预政事”的铁牌，但事与愿违，明王朝却成为了历代宦官干政最烈的王朝之一。
导致这一现象的根源是A.明朝皇帝懦弱B.明朝推行特务统治C.封建专制制度D.明初废除了丞相制度参考答案：C3. 以下哪一情景最贴切地反映了“光荣革命”后确立的君主立宪制的特征?A．国王宣布本年度议会开幕，由议会就税收问题展开辩论B．议会起草有关税收的法律文本，提请国王裁决C．议长宣布议会开会，并主持讨论本年度国家税收D．国王每年盛装莅临议会，宣布本年度议会开幕与闭幕参考答案：A（3分）C（1分）D（1分）B（O分）略4. 在商鞅变法、孝文帝改革、王安石变法的推行过程中，最大的阻力来自A.贵族保守势力B.农民阶级C.中小地主势力D.工商业阶层参考答案：A略5. 近代西方民主政治的发展始自文艺复兴的人的觉醒，中国近代民主运动的演进则始于人们对西方民主制度的了解、学习和移植。
前者是从人的觉醒到制度的建立；后者却是从制度的觉悟到制度的建立，期间缺少人的观念普遍更新这一重要演进环节。
为弥补这一演进环节的却是，中国开展了:A.戊戌变法B.辛亥革命C.新文化运动D.国民革命运动参考答案：C6. 下图是在我国新石器时代遗址中发现的陶纺轮和骨梭。
作为史料，可以用来佐证A．中国已经出现人工育蚕和丝织技术B．纺织技术在当时已经萌芽C．纺织业在经济生产中已经相当重要D．中国的丝织业起源于黄河、长江流域参考答案：B解析：新石器时代遗址中发现的陶纺轮和骨梭是简单的纺织工具，因此图中的陶纺轮和骨梭的发现，可以说明当时我国的纺织技术水平已经有一定的发展。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashingtonD.C.SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.TheOldTownTrolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites includingMuseumofAfrican American Historyand Culture.Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1. Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour2. Which tour lasts longest?A. TheOldTownTrolley TourB. African American History TourC. Comedy WalksWashingtonD.C. D. D.C. Twilight Tour3. Where will you read this text most likely?A. In a guidebook.B. In a magazine.C. In a newspaper.D. On the Internet.BSelf-esteem is an abstract concept, which refers to people’s beliefs about their own worth and value. American psychologist Abraham Maslow thought self-esteem was a basic human need and included self-esteem in his hierarchy of human needs. He described two different forms of “esteem”: the need for respect from others in the form of recognition, success, and admiration, and the need for self-respect in the form of self-love, self-confidence, and skill. Respect from others was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-realization.Basically, high self-esteem is achieved through a series of real accomplishments, which is good for people. However, the excessive high self-esteem, based more on a sense of entitlement than on any accomplishment, is considered to be less psychologically healthy. And just as self-esteem can be too high, it can also be “under-inflated”. Those having poor self-esteem do have a basis for feeling good about themselves but they may not recognize their accomplishments and actions as meaningful.To appreciate what it would be like to have high self-esteem, one can consider how they may feel about things in their lives that they value. For instance, some people really like cars. They take good care of their cars. They may even decorate the car and then show it off to other people with pride. Similarly, people with high self-esteem love, care for and feel proud of themselves. Take children for example. When they have high self-esteem, they believe they are valuable and important. They enjoy different activities and can handle criticism easily without taking it personally.People need to develop positive self-esteem. This can convince them they deserve happiness. Besides, the development of positive self-esteem increases the capacity to treat other people with respect, thus favoring a variety of interpersonal relationships and avoiding destructive ones.4. What can we infer from Abraham Maslow’s theory about self-esteem?A. Self-esteem ensures us a successful life.B. Self-esteem is essential to self-realization.C. Self-esteem means little to psychological health.D. Others’ respect is more important than self-respect.5. What does the underlined word “under-inflated” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Adequate.B. Insufficient.C. Moderate.D. Lifelong.6. How does the author explain the feelings of having high self-esteem?A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.C. By providing figures.D. By making contrasts.7. Which of the following does the author support?A. Self-esteem ultimately leads to happiness.B. Self-esteem earns you respect from others.C. Positive self-esteem benefits people’s social lives.D. Positive self-esteem helps people out of difficulties.CIt is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth”. The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age.Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (下丘脑). The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body.Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural (神经的) stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body.What are stem cells(干细胞)? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged tissues and organs.Dongsheng Cai is a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings in the journal Nature, Cai explained when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost. it eventually leads to aging.Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate, or energize, the hypothalamus laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells, Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength and coordination (协调) of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals, Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in.8. In Paragraph 2 a “fountain of youth” is mentioned to ________.A. introduce the main topicB. show a hidden secret.C. describe scientists researchD. recommend a way to stay young9. Aging takes place in the body when _______.A. stem cells develop into specialized cellsB. there are important activities within the bodyC. hypothalamus neural stem cells fail to protect against agingD. the hypothalamus fails to repair damaged tissues and organs10. What do we know about the researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine from the text?A. They did experiments to see how stem cells work.B. They studied mice to find their connection with humans.C. They have found a possible way to slow the aging progress.D. They have found no changes in mice s behavior during the experiment11. What will the researchers probably do next?A. They will help some animals live longer.B. They will announce the fountain of youth doesn’t existC. They will develop products to help people live a longer life immediatelyD. They will do research to see if what they have found in mice will apply to humans.DI’ve long believedthat positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change.However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons (变色龙) whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life,and stick to their deeply held values.I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia (幸福感). Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism (享乐主义), the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable, satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” Tome, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.12. What is the author’s belief?A. People should live alone.B. People can’t always be happy.C. People can’t always achieve their goals.D. People should pursue true achievements.13. What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A. Their strongly believed values.B. Their different needs.C. Permanent happiness.D. The pursuit of hedonism.14. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A. By being honest to others.B. By changing true nature.C. By keeping realstically optimistic.D. By pursuing pleasure constantly.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B. What should we do to keep positive?C. How can we keep happy forever?D. Why can’t people be happy all the time?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome colleges have started offering their own gap year programs to support students who want to take a year off in a meaningful way. Below, we’ll look at four of these programs.American University Gap ProgramWhen to apply: By July 15 or November 15Is there funding available? No.In American University Gap Program, students spend three days per week with a government or business organization in the city. Students go on field trips, listen to guest speakers, take part in hands-on lessons and work on service projects as a group. Students who complete the program can earn seven credits.Duke University Gap Year ProgramWhen to apply: By early May of each yearIs there funding available? Yes, $5,000 to $15,000.Though Duke University has no course of study or experience for its gap year program, it encourages students to have an independent plan for their year off, particularly one that promotes personal growth. Independent experiences may include community service, personalized experiential learning opportunities and others.Florida State University Gap YearWhen to apply: By February 24Is there funding available? Yes, up to $5,000.Florida State University offers gap year funding to students wishing to work or volunteer before starting college. In order to get the momey, students must explain their plans for their gap year. The experience must last over one year.St Norbert College Bridge Year ExperienceWhen to apply: not specifiedIs there funding available? Not specified.Students taking part in the Bridge Year Experience can travel to locations such as New Mexico, Wisconsin andGuatemala during the fall term, where they learn about the local cultures, take courses and get service opportunities.1.What does Duke University advise students to do during their gap year?A.Focus on their personal growth.B.Be independent of their parents.C.Apply before the end of November.D.Contact some off-campus organization.2.How can students get gap year funding from Florida State University?A.By having extra credits.B.By organizing several projects.C.By showing their gap plans.D.By doing volunteer work.3.If you are interested in travelling, you can choose ________.A.Florida State University Gap YearB.American University Gap ProgramC.Duke University Gap Year ProgramD.St. Norbert College Bridge Year ExperienceBThe mass death of flying foxes in extreme heat in North Queensland last month underlines the importance ofUniversityofQueenslandwildliferesearch released today.The UQ research sheds light on how various species have responded to major climate events.A study led by UQ School of Earth and Environmental Science researcher Dr Sean Maxwell has spent more than 70 years quantifying the responses of various species.“The growing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as cyclones, droughts and floods is causing unpredictable and immediate changes to ecosystems and blocking existing management efforts,” Dr Maxwell said.“Some of the negative responses we found were quite concerning, including more than 100 cases of dramatic population declines and 31 cases of local population extinction following an extreme event.”"Populations of critically endangered bird species inHawaii, such as the palia, have been annihilated due to drought, leaving none of its kind, and populations of lizard species have been wiped out due to cyclones in theBahamas."Cyclones were the most common extreme event for birds, fish, plants and reptiles, while mammals and amphibians were most responsive to drought events, with drought leading to 12 cases of major population decline in mammals.Drought also led to 13 cases of breeding declines in bird populations and 12 cases of changes in the composition of invertebrate communities.UQ Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science director Professor James Watson said the detailed information would help inform ecosystem management.“The research clearly shows species will respond, often negatively, to extreme events,” Professor Watson said.“As climate change continues to ensure extreme climate and weather events are more and more common,we now need to act to ensure species have the best chance to survive.Wherever possible, high quality and intact habitat areas should be retained, as these are the places where species are most resilient(易恢复的) to increasing exposure to extreme events.”4. How was the UQ researchconducted?A. By observing extreme weather events.B. By protecting the endangered species.C. By recording reactions of animals to extreme climate.D. By analyzing the reason whymass animal death happened.5. What does the underlined word “annihilated” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. destroyedB. defeatedC. decreasedD. disappeared6. Which of the following sentences is true about extreme weather events?A. Drought caused 13 cases of distinctionin bird populations.B. Drought caused 12 cases of population decline in mammals.C. Birds and mammals are most responsive to cyclones.D. Cyclones wiped out populations of lizard.7. What can we infer from Professor Watson’s words?A. Animals often show negative responses to extreme events.B. The existing management ways for wildlife protection are limited.C. Different methods should be adopted to ensure the survival of different species.D. Complete and undamaged habitats are of great importance to species’ survival.CFor our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays.One man's meat is another man's poison.Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的)touristattractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of being infected with COVID-19 in particular.As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September, with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in earlyOctober, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病，瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.8. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?A. Some persons like meat, while others don't.B. Different persons taste meals differently.C. A man mistakes meat for poison.D. Different persons have different opinions on one thing.9. How do travelers contribute to our economy development?A. They buy all kinds of tickets.B. They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers.C. They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities andadmission.D. They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions.10. Which sentence of the following is not true?A. There's a need for more policemen.B Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely.C. Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely.D. People should never travel when there is a pandemic.11. What the author's attitude to travel during holidays?A. He doesn't show his opinion.B. He doesn't agree at all.C. He supports unconditionally.D. He supports and makes some suggestions.DIn June, 2021, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students.It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.12. What can we learn from Mr. Bjomson? .A. Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B. The study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D. Scientific research is too far away from high school students.13. What is the primary purpose of the project ? .A. To find the early signs of earthquakes.B. To relate studies to practical.C. To help high school students study real-world engineering.D. To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.14. According to the passage, what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite? .A. It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B. It is intended for international communication.C. It is designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size.D. It is challenged by university students around the world.15. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Manitoba SchoolB. Win-Cube ProgramC. Space Co-operationD. Satellite Launching第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期中试卷及答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三英语期中试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATwitter humorist and TV writer Jonny Sun is the author of the 2017 best-sellereveryone'sa aliebn when ur a aliebn too. This time, he recommends some emotionally powerful books.The Book of Delightsby Ross Gay(2019)Gay's collection of 102 short but emotional stories, begun in mid-2016 and written in the order of time over a year in America, focuses on the careful observation of ordinary delights in daily life. The writing is personal and grounded in thoughtful joy.100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Writeby Sarah Ruhl(2014)Seemingly a collection of essays on theater, Ruhl's book feels instead like the playwright's thoughts all of life. Her writing here is deeply personal, sharply argued but also playful. The book is actually a detailed description of the artist herself.They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Usby Hanif Abdurraqib(2017)I am always so moved by Abdurraqib's writing. He combines cultural criticism and personal memory in such a beautiful way, making the two styles naturally bound.Space Struckby Paige Lewis(2019 )This poetry collection awakened emotions in me that I did not know existed, or that I could feel, or that one could ever put words to. Every line is playful, honest, complex, and gentle.If you want to get more books, you can click here:Try more books1. Which book is a collection of short stories of daily happiness?A. The Book of Delights.B. 100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Write.C. They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Us.D. Space Struck.2. Who is probably a poet?A. Ross Gay.B. Sarah Ruhl.C. Hanif Abduraqib.D. Paige Lewis.3. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A brochure.C. A website.D. A magazine.BGetting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block outdisease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king ofEnglandin 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor inEuropelived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, king ofFrance, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit(优点) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.4. The kings ofFranceandEnglandin the 16th century closed bath houses because .A. they lived healthily in a dirty environmentB. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay inC. they considered bathing as cause of skin diseaseD. They believed disease could be spread in public baths5. Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?A. CuriousB. AfraidC. ApprovingD. Uninterested6. How does the passage mainly develop?A. By following the order of time.B. By making comparison.C. By providing examplesD. By following the order of importance.17. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passages?A. To call attention to the danger of dirt.B. To introduce the history of dirt.C. To present the change of views on dirt.D. To stress the role of dirt.CAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid. After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."8. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed9. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.10. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.11. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.DIn the Pacific Northwest during winter, 5:15 am might as well be the dead of night. The alarm goes off and the onlylight is the red glow from my clock. My body says, “Go back to bed.” But I don’t. I know my running partner will be waiting in the street and I’m not going to stand her up. Then I walk onto the road, complaining about the cold and wishing I were back under my warm covers.If you’d have asked me a year ago if I could see myself running at 5:15 on a winter morning, I’d have laughed. Morning just wasn’t my thing and running in the morning was something I didn’t even consider. “I prefer to work out in the middle of the morning or in the afternoon,” I’d say to my friends who go to the gym before work.Then, last fall I reconnected with an old neighborhood friend. She’d been running in the morning and taken off forty pounds that year. When I looked in the mirror, I knew I could benefit from the same kind of weight loss. I asked if I could join her. I knew I needed to change something if I was going to get back in shape.The first two months were especially hard, because we ran twice a week at 5:15 am and I slept till 7:00 the other mornings. But as I’ve adjusted to the routine of running, I’ve discovered great joys that make it even more worthwhile than a little weight loss.While I haven’t lost forty pounds yet, it’s amazing how much more energy I have and how much stronger I feel. Because of the morning run, the rest of my day is more productive. I wouldn’t say I’ve become a morning person, but I would say morning running is now my thing.12. What can we know about the author from paragraph 1?A. 5:15 is the ideal time for her to exercise.B. She prefers to run without any company.C. She takes the run with warm clothes on.D. She goes for a run in spite of the cold and early rise.13. What was the author’s attitude to morning running a year ago?A. Scared.B. Unfavorable.C. Supportive.D. Confused.14. What made the author begin to run in the morning?A. Her partner’s encouragement.B. Her friend’s suggestion.C. Realizing the benefits of running.D. Realizing the harm of being fat.15. What effect does morning runninghave on the author?A. She has become slim again.B. She has become more confident.C. She has become more energetic.D. She has become more exhausted.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文下学期期末考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文下学期期末考试试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
靠山丁会云清明时节雨纷纷……长江南岸的临湘市，清明时节，是很难碰上一个好天气的。
但今年是个例外，清明前后这些天，阳光格外明媚。
“爬山去哟！天气这么好，快起来爬山啰！”一大早，妈妈就把休假回娘家的我喊醒。
爬山？门前这座荆竹山？这有什么好爬的！我睡眼惺忪地不愿起床。
俗语云：靠山吃山。
这座荆竹山，砍柴、扯猪菜、挖葛根、摘油茶子……少年的我们哪天不爬几遍？那时候，我们谁不想离这座山远远的？谁不想着山那边的繁华？终于，寒窗苦读，翻过了这座山。
一餐一饭，终于不需要像鸡啄米似的从山里刨了。
为什么还要去爬山呢？懒懒地躺在床上，想着今天是清明节，突然又生出兴致，觉得应该去看看这座山，它曾让我的双手、脸上布满荆棘刮出的许多血痕、令我痛苦甚至恐惧。
这也算是对逝去的少年时光的一种祭祀吧。
走出家门约300米，就到了山脚下。
这300米，我已经差不多10年没走过了。
山涧里的泉水依旧在叮咚，竹子比以前似乎更茂密了些。
咯咯嗒、咯咯嗒……突然，竹林中飞奔出一群鸡来，飞奔的鸡群让山林瞬间有了生机。
鸡群后面站着一个陌生的年轻妇女。
“这是周大娘养的鸡，有300多只。
”妈妈的话，一下子把个祥林嫂般的人物拉进我的记忆中。
这个周大娘，年轻守寡，有个儿子，快30岁还娶不上媳妇。
周大娘逢人就诉说，她崽如何老实、如何肯吃苦，求别人介绍媳妇。
但因为家里穷，硬是没姑娘看得中。
我问妈妈，周大娘的儿子现在娶上媳妇了么？妈妈笑着不答话，与不远处喂鸡的大嫂鸡价高、蛋价好地扯了小半晌。
我们重新上路后，妈妈才说，政府先是要周大娘在山脚下种蘑菇，后来又加入一个合作社喂鸡养羊，日子芝麻开花节节高，周大娘的儿子前几年娶了邻村的姑娘，就是刚才喂鸡的。
周大娘说有了靠山就不会再过穷日子了，天天笑得合不拢嘴。
当年快被贫穷逼疯的周大娘竟然过上了好日子，我不禁心情愉悦，脚步也轻快起来，走山路如履平地。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文下学期期末试题及答案
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文下学期期末试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
在孔子的教育哲学中，道德与音乐是相辅相成的，通过音乐建立和维护社会统一、宜人的法定秩序，最终实现社会的“大治”。
古希腊哲学家柏拉图也认为音乐教育承担着把人教育成美的人、完善的人的重要功能。
中国传统音乐文化，注重心与乐的相通相融，讲究韵味的深邃悠长。
通过传统音乐文化的学习，增强对音乐的理解和感悟，是学生美育的重要途径。
如箫、筝、笛等民族独奏乐器因其清丽婉转的音色特点，适于表现悠闲淡泊的审美情致。
京剧、昆曲、越剧等戏曲剧种，其唱腔唱词、伴奏乐器、服饰舞美等都有深厚的文化积淀。
这样的学习过程，是学生审美观念、审美趣味、审美判断力形成的过程，也是审美修养提升的重要途径。
早在春秋时期，孔子就提出“移风易俗，莫善于乐”。
好的音乐对社会精神风尚也有着重要的作用。
传统音乐的学习，能让学生与优秀作品所展现出来的自然之美、艺术之美、人文之美产生共鸣，获得丰富的情感体验，进而培养起对人类、自然以及一切美好事物的关爱之情，树立积极乐观的人生态度，最终达到理想人格的养成。
然而，回顾我国百余年来学校音乐教育的历史，传统音乐教育还存在诸多问题。
20世纪初，西方音乐对中国的传统音乐文化形成了强烈冲击。
后来许多学者接受并采纳了西方的音乐标准，忽视了中国音乐理论体系的深入探讨挖掘。
时至今日，历经数代音乐人的努力，传统音乐的传承和发展已积累了一定成果，但在学校音乐教育中重“西洋”、轻“民族”的现象仍然存在。
此外，传统音乐教育功利性现象凸显。
在追求奖项、等级等的“锦标主义”思想驱动下，民族器乐的学习开始更多地追求技术、速度，许多学习民乐的学生，虽然拥有较好的技术，却缺乏神韵。
传统音乐植根于特定的文化环境，应在充分了解其文化背景的基础上进行学习，功利性的学习很难真正继承传统音乐文化的精髓。
为更好地传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，建构适应当代的传统音乐教育体系已刻不容缓。
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文期末考试试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年郑州回民中学高三语文期末考试试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
材料一：“5·18国际博物馆日”中国主会场活动拉开帷幕。
2020年国际博物馆日的主题是“致力于平等的博物馆：多元和包容”。
国际博协官方为此做了主题阐释：“在为不同身份和背景的人们创造有意义的体验方面的潜力，是各博物馆社会价值的中心。
作为变革的推动者和被信赖的机构，博物馆从未像今天这样以建设性的姿态参与现代社会政治、社会、文化议题，以此展示其与社会的紧密联系。
”一个博物馆就是一所大学校。
博物馆不是简单意义上的记忆“存储器”，它还积极参与当下即时建构和历史重建的过程。
当公共事件在更广阔的社会语境中被审视后，能够消弭地域和文化的差异，引发观众对人类共同命运的沉思。
文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。
博物馆除了作为传统意义上的国家“文化宝库”，更是向国际社会传播民族文化的殿堂，是塑造国家、民族特有文化形象和价值观念的重要机构。
博物馆模糊了“主流”与“边缘”的界限，促进不同群体间的互信互鉴。
在公共事件的展示中发表主流公共记忆所遗漏的声音，形成多样化的表达，能够提升博物馆与公众交流的民主化程度，并有助于对社会的风险管理。
博物馆是历史的保存者和记录者，也是保护和传承人类文明的重要殿堂。
（摘编自《多元和包容是博物馆公共文化服务发展趋势》，《光明日报》2020年5月19日）材料二：自新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，全国各地博物馆积极拥抱数字化，“云游博物馆”越来越热，公众足不出户也能纵横万里领略祖国上下五千年历史传承，开阔文化眼界，尽享文化盛宴。
线上办展，是疫情期间全国多数博物馆的共同行动。
1月27日，国家文物局召开会议，部署文物系统疫情防控工作，针对各个博物馆的闭馆状态，鼓励各地文物博物馆机构因地制宜开展线上展览展示工作。
事实上，网上展览、虚拟展厅等并非新鲜事物，近些年很多博物馆也都有过相关探索。
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郑州市回民中学2019届高三第七次周测试题
理科数学
本卷时间100分钟，分值126分
第 Ⅰ 卷
一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题60分, 在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1．i 是虚数单位，复数
31i
i
+对应的点位于（ ） A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限 2．若集合{}
21a A ，=，集合{}96，=B ，则 ”“3=a 是“{}9=B A ”的（ ） A.充分不必要条件 B.必要不充分条件 C.充分必要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 3．已知函数x x x f ln )(=，则)(x f （ ） A. 在
上递增 B. 在
上递减 C.在
上递增 D.在
上递减
4．已知各项不为O 的等差数列}{n a 满足：
06
6
122
72=+
-a a a π
π
，数列}{n b 是各项均为正值的等比数列，且
77a b =，则)tan(104b b 等于（ ）
A.3
B.3-
C.3±
D.
3
3
5．若实数x ，y 满足1000x y x y x -+≥⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪≤⎩
，则23x y
z +=的最小值为 （ ）
A ．0
B ．1
C ．
3
D ．9
6．如果函数()()ϕ+=x x f 2sin 的图像关于直线3
2π
=
x 对称，那么ϕ的最小值为（ ） A.6π B.4π C.3π D.2
π 7．“珠算之父”程大位是我国明代伟大数学家,他的应用数学巨著《算法统综》的问世,标志着我国的算法由筹算到珠算转变的完成.程大位在《算法统综》中常以诗歌的形式呈现数学问题,其中有一首“竹筒容米”问题：“家有九节竹一茎,为因盛米不均平,下头三节四升五,上梢三节贮两升五,唯有中间三节竹,要将米数次第盛,若有先生能算法,也教算得到天明.”（［注释］四升五：4.5升.次第盛：盛米容积依次相差同一数量.）用你所学的数学知识求得中间三节的容积为（
） A. 3升
B. 3.25升
C.3.5 升
D. 3.75
8．已知定义在上的奇函数满足
，当时 ，则（ ）
A.
B.
C.
D.
9． 用},max{b a 表示a ，b 两个数中的最大数，设)4
1
}(,max{)(2≥=x x x x f ，那么山函 数)(x f y =的图象与X 轴、直线4
1
=
x 和直线2=x 所围成的封闭图形的面积是（ ） A.
1235 B. 2459 C. 857 D.12
91
10．设
6
)2x
x +（的展开式中3x 的系数和常数项分别为b a ,,在区间]300,0[上任取一个数x ,则b x a ≤≤的概率是 A.
5
2
B.
5
3 C.
3
2 D.
4
3 11．已知抛物线x y C 8:2=焦点为F ，准线为l ，P 是l 上一点，Q 是直线PF 与C 的一个交点.若FQ FP 4=，则FQ ＝
A.
2
7 B.3
C.
2
5 D.2
12．设函数x e x x f --=)(,直线n mx y +=是曲线)(x f y =的切线,则n m +的最小值是
A.e
1-
B.1
C. e 1
1- D. 2
11e
+
第Ⅱ卷
二、填空题：每小题共5分，共20分。
13．若函数
的定义域是
，则函数
的定义域为________．
14．某几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的表面积为
________.
15．边长为5,7,8的三角形的最大角与最小角的和是
16．已知四面体ABCD 的棱AB=CD=3,AD=BC=4,BD=AC=5,则此四面体外接球的表面积 三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。
共46分。
17．（本题满分12分）
已知c b a ,,分别是ABC ∆内角C B A ,,的对边，且满足()()B c C B A a c b sin sin sin sin =++-+. 求角A 的大小；
设32=a ，S 为ABC ∆的面积，求C B S cos cos 34+的最大值.
18．已知数列{}n a 满足21=a ，).)()(1()1(1*
+∈++=--N n n a n n a n n n
(1)求证：数列⎭
⎬⎫
⎩⎨⎧n a n 是等差数列，并求其通项公式;
(2)设152-=n n a b ，求数列{}
n b 的前n 项和为n T .
19．为迎接2022年北京冬奥会,推广滑雪运动,某滑雪场开展滑雪促销活动.该滑雪场的收费标准是:滑雪时间不超过1小时免费,超过1小时的部分每小时收费标准为40元(不足1小时的部分按1小时计算).有甲、乙两人相互独立地来该滑雪场运动,设甲、乙不超过1小时离开的概率分别为6
1
,41,1小时以上且不超过2小时离开的概率分别为3
2
,
21,两人滑雪时间都不会超过3小时. (1)求甲、乙两人所付滑雪费用相同的概率;
(2)设甲、乙两人所付的滑雪费用之和为随机变量ξ,求ξ的分布列与数学期望E(ξ).
20. 【选修4——4：坐标系与参数方程】（本题满分10分）
在直角坐标系xoy 中，曲线1C 的参数方程为为参数）αα
α(sin cos 2⎩⎨
⎧==y x ，若以原点O 为极点, x 轴正半轴为极
轴建立极坐标系，曲线2C 的极坐标方程为24)4
sin(=+
π
θρ.
（1）求曲线1C 的普通方程和曲线2C 的直角坐标方程；
（2）设P 为曲线1C 上的动点，求点P 到曲线2C 上的距离的最小值，并求出此时点P 的坐标.
郑州市回民中学2019届高三第七次周测试题
理科数学参考答案
一、选择题
1.B
2.A
3.D
4.A
5.B
6.A
7.C
8.C
9.A 10.B 11.B 12.C 二、填空题
13.
[]
4,2 14. π2
1-1029+ 15.32π
16.π25
三、解答题
17.（1） ()()B c C B A a c b sin sin sin sin =++-+
∴根据正弦定理，知()()bc c b a a c b =++-+，即bc a c b -=-+222
∴由余弦定理，得2
12cos 2
22-=-+=bc a c b A .又()π,0∈A ，所以32π=A . （2）根据32=a ，3
2π=A 及正弦定理可得4
2
33
2sin sin sin ====A a C c B b ， C c B b sin 4,sin 4==∴.C B C B A bc S sin sin 3423sin 4sin 421sin 21=⨯⨯⨯==∴
∴()C B C B C B C B S -=+=+cos 34cos cos 34sin sin 34cos cos 34
故当⎪⎩
⎪⎨⎧=+=3π
C B C B ，即6π==C B 时，C B S cos cos 34+取得最大值34.
18.答案（1）2n 2n a =（2）⎪⎩⎪
⎨⎧∈≥+-∈≤-=*
*
)
,8(,9814),7(,1422n N n n n n N n n n n T 19.(1)若两人所付费用相同,相同的费用可能是0,40,80元.
两人都付0元的概率为P1=
,
两人都付40元的概率为P2=
,
两人都付80元的概率为 P3=(1--)×(1--)=.
则两人所付费用相同的概率为 P=P1+P2+P3=++.
(2)设甲、乙所付费用之和为ξ,则ξ的所有可能取值为0,40,80,120,160.
P(ξ=0)=, P(ξ=40)=+, P(ξ=80)=++,
P(ξ=120)=+, P(ξ=160)=.
所以ξ的分布列为 ξ 0
40
80
120
160
P
E(ξ)=0×+40×+80×+120×+160×=80.
20.答案（1）12
22
=+y x ，8=+y x （2）2628min -=d ，此时），（33332P。