JOnAS 中文文档

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submission格式

以下是一个示例的submission格式，内容为600字左右：
[标题]：XX项目的研究报告
[日期]：XXXX年XX月XX日
[收件人]：[具体负责人或导师的姓名]
[主题]：关于XX部分的研究内容和发现
尊敬的[收件人姓名]，
我在此提交关于XX项目的研究报告，以下是我的研究内容和发现。

一、引言
简要介绍项目的背景和目的。

在此部分，我详细解释了为什么选择这个主题，以及这个主题在现有研究中的重要性。

二、文献综述
在这个部分，我分析了之前的研究，讨论了它们的优点和缺点，并在此基础上提出了我自己的研究问题。

我比较了其他相关领域的研究，以证明我们的研究问题的独特性和重要性。

三、研究方法
详细描述了我是如何收集和整理数据的。

包括使用的工具、样本、数据收集过程等。

此外，我还讨论了数据分析的方法和结果。

四、研究结果
这部分详细介绍了我们的主要发现和发现。

我解释了数据中的趋势和模式，并讨论了这些发现对现有文献的贡献。

此外，我还讨论了这些结果的可能影响和意义。

五、讨论和结论
在这个部分，我讨论了我们的发现与其他相关研究的对比，以及这些发现如何支持或反驳之前的理论。

我还讨论了我们的研究的限制和局限性，以及未来的研究方向。

最后，我总结了我们的主要发现和结论，并提出可能的后续研究。

感谢您花时间阅读我的研究报告。

如果您有任何问题或建议，请随时联系我。

我非常期待得到您的反馈。

[您的姓名]
[您的联系方式] [您的电子邮件地址] [学校名称]
[专业]
[学位]。

jonas英文作文

jonas英文作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Jonas is a guy who always has a smile on his face. He's the kind of person who can make anyone laugh, even on their worst day. He's just so full of positive energy and it's contagious.One thing about Jonas is that he's always up for an adventure. He's the first one to suggest a road trip or a hike up a mountain. He's just so spontaneous and it's hard not to get caught up in his excitement.But don't be fooled by his carefree attitude, because when it comes to work, Jonas is all business. He'sincredibly focused and determined, and he always gives 110% in everything he does. It's really inspiring to see how he can switch from fun-loving adventurer to dedicated professional in the blink of an eye.One of the things that I admire most about Jonas is his kindness. He's always there for his friends, no matter what.He's the kind of person who will drop everything to help you out, and he never expects anything in return. He's just genuinely caring and compassionate, and it's a rare quality to find in people these days.Overall, Jonas is just an amazing person to be around. He brings so much joy and positivity into the lives of everyone he meets, and I feel lucky to call him my friend.。

18_Stoica Facets

o cost, schedule, process, and risk. DF is applicable especially in the early stages of the software development process when major decisions have to be taken and major risks have to be managed.
Facets of the Software Development Represented by Model Systems: Analysis and Enhancement
Anca- Juliana Stoica Computer Scie:nce Department Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-9040
stoica@
Critical success factors for the software projects (such as setting realistic objectives for al stakel holders and successful project start, tracking progress, making smart decisions, institutionalizing analyses in view of learning from previous experience), as well as the current and future trends in software systems (like ever-more complexity, reuse-driven, COTS-driven, Internet-based) are arguments in favor of an integrated use of models (model systems) for software development. Model systems are frameworks recently developed in order to integrate models associated to different facets of the software development. Examples are: MBASE - Model Based (System) Architecting and Software Engineering [Boehm, Port, 19981 integrates success, product, process, and property models MBSE - Model Based Software Engineering [Fisher et al., 19981 concentrates almost exclusively on product models (ancl their associated property models) SEI-MBSE - Software Engineering Institute's Model Based Software Engineering [GargaroPeterson, 19961 idem H-MBSD - Honeywell's Model Based Software Development [Honeywell 19981 idem USDP - The Unified Software Development Process [Jacobson, Booch, Rumbaugh, 19991 is directed towards software process and product models. Most of these models are oriented towards product and process models (sometimes also on their associated property models). An exception is the MBASE model system which integrates process, propery, product, and success models as well as interactions between them. At a recent workshop on software research strategies [NSF Workshop, 19991 it was emphasized that an important focus in software science should be: i)explanatory/predictive models (process, product, user, interaction among models); ii)ernpirical validation technology and analytic methods. Software engineering has a science base that needs development in areas such as: creation of integrative technologies and methodologies software evolution ability to predictably produce software in a dynamic setting (optimal) decision making support regarding changes in an efficient and reliable manner. The focus in this paper is twofold: i) to show how facets of the software development are related in different approaches such as the MBASE model system and the USDP generic process framework; ii) to present an enhancement of the MBASE success models with a reasoning and decision framework (DF) in which optimal decisions in software development are based on formal dynamic

Controlling Individual Agents in High-Density Crowd Simulation

Copyright © 2007 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classoom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from Permissions Dept, ACM Inc., fax +1 (212) 869-0481 or e-mail permissions@. SCA 2007, San Diego, California, August 04 - 05, 2007
N. Pelechano, J.M. Allbeck & N.I. Badler/ Controlling Individual Agents in High-Density Crowd Simulation

ilog中文文档

第三方软件 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 HSQL 数据库引擎 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 JOnAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Apache Tomcat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
开放源代码பைடு நூலகம்可
ILOG JRules 包括由 Apache Software Foundation、 LGPL、 Exolab、 W3C、 Java Community Process、和 IBM 开发的软件。 ILOG 免费发行这些软件但不对其提供担保、支持和维护。您可以在以下站点中找到原始许可信息： ◆ ◆ /tomcat ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆
章3
ILOG 软件资产管理 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

2024年冀教版九年级英语上册Unit 5 Look into Science

Lesson 26
说明文
主要介绍了测试氧气在空气中所占比例的实验
Lesson 27
对话
讲述了丹尼、布莱恩和詹妮围绕使用天文望远镜观测行星进行的讨论
Lesson 28
记叙文
主要介绍了奇普•泰勒博士对北美蝴蝶的研究情况
Lesson 29
说明文
主要介绍了DNA,包括它的作用、特点以及对人的影响Lesson 30
3.了解并能运用affect、scientific、developments、better and better等词汇简单谈论科学对人们的生活和社会的发展带来的影响
4.了解并能读懂that、which、who、whom等关系代词引导的定语从句
电子邮件
詹妮和王梅互发邮件,讲述了实验操作,并探讨了科学对人类发展所起的作用
单元教学
目标
通过本单元的学习,学生能够:
1.了解科学、尊重科学,培养严谨的科学精神
2.完成简单的科学实验操作,并能运用do an experiment、fill…with…、cover…with…、be made up of、turn over、in general等词汇介绍实验步骤
一、单元学习主题
本单元属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群,涉及子主题“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”。
二、单元内容分析
本单元主要围绕话题“Talking about Science”展开听、说、读、写、看等语言活动。
单元内容
分析
课时
语篇形式
主要内容
Lesson 25
对话
讲述了丹尼、布莱恩和詹妮围绕大气压力的实验展开讨论并进行实验操作

美国大学写作第9版教案

课程名称：美国大学英语写作教材：《美国大学英语写作（第九版）》课时安排：共16课时教学目标：1. 使学生掌握英语写作的基本技巧和策略。

2. 培养学生的英语写作兴趣，提高写作水平。

3. 帮助学生了解美国大学英语写作的特点和规范。

4. 培养学生的批判性思维和创新能力。

教学重点：1. 英语写作的基本技巧和策略。

2. 美国大学英语写作的特点和规范。

3. 创新写作和批判性思维。

教学难点：1. 学生在写作过程中遇到的语言障碍和表达困难。

2. 美国大学英语写作中创新思维和批判性思维的培养。

教学内容：第一课时：1. 课程导入：介绍教材《美国大学英语写作（第九版）》的基本内容和特点。

2. 学习写作的基本要素：主题、观点、论据、结构、语言等。

3. 完成第一篇写作练习：描述一个熟悉的人或物。

第二课时：1. 学习写作的过程：构思、草稿、修改、定稿。

2. 完成第二篇写作练习：叙述一个有趣的故事。

3. 分析优秀作文的特点，提高学生的写作鉴赏能力。

第三课时：1. 学习描写技巧：视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉、味觉等。

2. 完成第三篇写作练习：描写一个场景或活动。

3. 学生互评，教师点评。

第四课时：1. 学习叙事技巧：时间、地点、人物、情节、冲突等。

2. 完成第四篇写作练习：叙述一个个人经历。

3. 学生互评，教师点评。

第五课时：1. 学习举例技巧：事实、数据、引用等。

2. 完成第五篇写作练习：论证一个观点。

3. 学生互评，教师点评。

第六课时：1. 学习过程描述技巧：步骤、顺序、结果等。

2. 完成第六篇写作练习：介绍一个技能或过程。

3. 学生互评，教师点评。

第七课时：1. 学习因果分析技巧：原因、结果、影响等。

2. 完成第七篇写作练习：分析一个社会现象。

3. 学生互评，教师点评。

第八课时：1. 学习对比分析技巧：相似点、不同点、优缺点等。

2. 完成第八篇写作练习：对比两种事物或观点。

3. 学生互评，教师点评。

第九课时：1. 学习定义技巧：概念、内涵、外延等。

(完整word)The Elements of Style中文版

前言肯定地说，一个人只有知道规则的情况下才能去打破它，这句经典引用是任何一个学生和认真的作者所必须懂得的.这本书的目的是在有写作的练习加上文学的学习中得到应用,它用简洁的话语给出了简明英语风格最主要的要求,在规则的使用时的细致的注意事项，以及最可能共同违反的作文的原则.第一章简介这本书的意图是在英语课上使用,作为英语作文的联系以及对文学的学习。

它旨在用简洁的方式给出简明英语最基本的要求。

它的目的是通过将学生和老师的注意力都集中到(第二三章）一些基本的要素，应用规则，以及人们共同的犯的作文的基本规则,来减轻老师和学生的负担。

节选的片段可能用作修正过的手稿的引用。

这本书仅仅包含英语风格领域的一小部分，但是作者的体验是一旦能够掌握这些细节,学生将会通过基于他们自己自己作品中的问题的个人指导受益匪浅，每个老师都有他们自己的理论，他也会更喜欢这个在某本书中给出的方法。

在准备这本书的手稿时,作者在康内尔大学英语系的同事给与了作者很大的帮助.Mr. George McLaneWood非常爽快地同意在规则11中包含的一些内容来自于他的Suggestions toAuthors.下面的这些书籍可以作为更进一步学习的参考：in connection with Chapters II and IV， F。

Howard Collins, Author and Printer （Henry Frowde); Chicago University Press, Manual of Style; T. L。

De Vinne，Correct Composition (The Century Company）； Horace Hart， Rules for Compositors and Printers （Oxford University Press）; George McLane Wood, Extracts from the Style-Book of the Government Printing Office (United States Geological Survey); in connection with Chapters III and V, Sir Arthur Quiller-Couch, The Art of Writing (Putnams)， especially the chapter， Interlude on Jargon； George McLaneWood, Suggestions to Authors (United States Geological Survey); John Leslie Hall, English Usage (Scott， Foresman and Co.); James P。

九级英语Unitsetion课文翻译以及重难点讲解

U8P.62 2b课文翻译巨石阵---谁能解释它的存在巨石阵,一个岩石圈,不仅是英国最着名的历史古迹之一,而且它是其中一个最大的谜团.每年接待了超过75万游客.特别是在6月,人们很喜欢去这个地方,因为他们想看到一年中最长的一天看日出.许多年以来,历史学家认为巨石阵是古代领导人试图与神沟通一座寺庙.然而,历史学家保罗斯托克认为这不可能是真的,因为巨石阵建造于很多世纪以前.“这些领导人抵达英国晚得多.”他指出.另一个普遍的观点是,巨石阵可能是一种日历.这些巨石以一种的独特的方式被放置在一起.在仲夏的早晨,阳光直接照射石头的中心.其他人认为,这些石头有一种医学的目的.他们认为这些石头能够预防疾病,同时保持人们身体健康.”当你走到那儿时,你可以感觉到能量从你的脚传上你的身体,”一位游客说.没人确信巨石阵是什么用途,但大多数赞同石头的位置必定有一个特殊目的.有些人认为它可能是一个埋葬先人的地方,或是一个纪念祖先的地方.其他人认为它是庆祝战胜敌人而建的.巨石阵是历经一段很长的时期被慢慢建成的.大多数历史学家认为它年龄一定接近5000岁.最伟大的奥秘之一是它是如何被建造,因为石头太那么大又那么重.2001年,一群英国志愿者试图构建另一个巨石阵,但他们没能做到.“我们真的不知道是谁建造了巨石阵,”保罗·斯托克说.”,也许我们可能永远不知道,但我们知道他们一定是很勤奋---而且是伟大的规划者”课文重难点讲解：E.g.1. As it is snowing从句, we shall not go to the park主句.2.---Why were you absent from school yesterday---Because I was ill in bed.On that day I was absent from the meeting 主句because I was in Guangzhou从句.3.Since everyone is here,let’s begin the discussion.II.Circle 可数名词,意为“圆圈”,也可表示具有共同兴趣爱好或职业等的“阶层；圈子；界”.e.g.The children stood in a circle around the fire.The man is well-known in historical circles.Circle 还有动词的意思,表示“圈出”.Please circle the correct answer.III.receive 及物动词,此句中意为“接待；招待”.recieve 还可以表示“接受；收到”, 与get 同义,其后可接介词 from.They are very glad to have the opportunity to receive the quest.I received a letter from my mother this morning.Receive和accept辨析,两者都有收到的意思,但用法不同1.receive强调客观上收到这一事实,不表明是否愿意接受.2.accept主动地或自愿地接受,带有“满意；同意；认可”等意味,其反义词为refuse.e.g.I receive his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refuse to accept it. The docter received a threating letter.The teacher accepts the naughty student,Molly’s apology.IV.medical 形容词,意为“医疗的；医学的”其名词形式是 medicine.He is a medical student.他是个医科学生.Have you taken your medicine this morning今天早上你吃过药了么V.purpose 名词,意为“目的；目标,意图”, 常与of 连用构成the purpose of. 常见短语 on purpose, 意为“故意地”What was the purpose of his visitHe came here for/with the purpose of seeing his family.Li Ming broke the windows on purpose.VI.prevent/stop sb.from doing sth. 意为“阻止某人做某事”.My mother prevents/stops me from eating too much candies.We should prevent the water from being polluted.注意：from 在主动语态中可以省略,但在被动语态中不得省略.He was prevented/stopped from playing computer games on school nights. VII. energy 意为"精力；力量",不可数名词Young people usually have more energy than the old.年轻人通常比老年人更有活力.VIII.celebrate Vt.庆祝其名词形式是celebrationWe held a party to celebrate the School Day.The woman is always mysterious.Her past is a mystery.。

installation_guide

Jason® Installation GuideApril 2, 2010C OPYRIGHT © F UGRO -J ASON 2010A LL NON -F UGRO -J ASON OR F UGRO NV TRADEMARKS ARE THE PROPERTY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE HOLDERS . A LL R IGHTS R ESERVEDN O PART OF THE J ASON G EOSCIENCE W ORKBENCH DOCUMENTATION MAY BE REPRODUCED , STORED IN A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM , OR TRANSMITTED , IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS , ELECTRONIC , MECHANICAL , PHOTOCOPYING , RECORDING , OR OTHERWISE , WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM F UGRO -J ASON N ETHERLANDS BV.F UGRO -J ASON N ETHERLANDS BV ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITIES DIRECT OR INDIRECT FOR ANY ERRORS OR INACCURACIES THAT MAY APPEAR IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FROM THE USE OF THE J ASONG EOSCIENCE W ORKBENCH . T HE SOFTWARE DESCRIBED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS FURNISHED UNDER LICENSE AND MAY ONLY BE USED OR COPIED IN ACCORDANCEFugro-Jason Please see our web site for a list of our offices, addresses, and contact numbers. For general information please send an email with your request to info@If you have any suggestions about this documentation, please contact us at ae.qatt@ .T ABLE OF CONTENTS (3)I NTRODUCTION (6)C ONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE (6)Q UICK START (7)L INUX (7)W INDOWS (7)H ARDWARE /S OFTWARE REQUIREMENTS (8)G ENERAL (8)DVD reader (8)OpenGL (8)Disk space requirements (8)H ARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: (8)Hardware Requirements (8)Additional Hardware Support (9)S OFTWARE REQUIREMENTS (10)Linux/x86, x86_64 (10)Windows (10)Nvidia drivers (10)C ALCULATION OF MEMORY REQUIREMENTS (11)Model Builder (11)EarthModel Model & Well Curve Generator and InverMod (11)EarthModel Model Interpolator (11)CSSI (InverTrace-Plus / RockTrace) (12)MCMC (StatMod MC / RockMod) (12)R EMOTE D ISPLAY (13)L INUX (13)No Machine (NX) (13)ThinAnywhere® (13)Exceed®/Exceed 3D® (13)CygWin-X (13)W INDOWS (13)C OMPATIBILITY (14)Hardware compatibility (14)Simultaneous usage of different versions (14)I NSTALLING J ASON ON L INUX (15)1:C REATE THE PRODUCT INSTALLATION ACCOUNT AND DIRECTORY (15)2:I NSTALLING J ASON (16)3:I NSTALL THE LICENSE FILE (16)4:C ONFIGURE THE INSTALLATION (17)5:E NABLE THE J ASON LICENSE MANAGER (18)Sharing the license between different release versions (19)6:T EST THE INSTALLATION (20)7:M AKING THE J ASON LAUNCHER AVAILABLE TO USERS (20)8:D EFINE LOCAL SETTINGS (21)Define local cache directory (21)Define global spool directory (22)Define site-wide CGM previewer (22)I NSTALLING J ASON ON W INDOWS (23)1:R UN THE INSTALLER (23)2:I NSTALL THE LICENSE FILE (23)3:C ONFIGURE THE LICENSE MANAGER (23)4:T EST THE INSTALLATION (23)C HANGING DEFAULT SETTINGS IN J ASON (25)C USTOMIZING LOCAL DEFAULTS (25)Rules (25)H ARDCOPY OUTPUT (26)D ISABLE SYSTEM ERROR REPORTING DIALOGUES (26)C ONFIGURING THE M ULTI CPU ENVIRONMENT (27)I NSTALLATION (27)1: Prepare the installation (28)2: Set up remote shell without a password (28)3: Enable RSH daemon on all hosts (29)4: Quick test (29)5: Configuring Jason to use Multi-CPU (29)6: Validation of the installation and setup (29)I MPLEMENTATION DETAILS (29)PVM version (30)Hints and Tips (30)E XTERNAL SCHEDULERS (30)Modifying the Jason installation to use an external scheduler (32)T ROUBLESHOOTING (33)U SING SSH (34)Getting PVM to work with passphrase-less SSH (34)A PPENDIX I-FLEX LM LICENSE MANAGER (35)O PERATION OF THE LICENSE MANAGER (35)Terms (35)Components of the license management system (36)Configuring the license management system (36)S TARTING THE LICENSE MANAGER FOR L INUX (37)Starting the license manager using the jason script (37)Starting the license manager manually (37)S TARTING THE LICENSE MANAGER FOR W INDOWS (37)T HE LICENSE REQUEST PROCESS (39)I F THE LICENSE MANAGER GOES DOWN (39)U PDATING THE LICENSE MANAGER FILE (39)Perpetual license (39)Lease, Rental, or Demo license (40)D EBUGGING THE SYSTEM (40)Where to start (40)FLEXlm error codes (40)More about the license manager (42)Troubleshooting checklist (42)F REQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (43)A PPENDIX II:J ASON DIRECTORY STRUCTURE (47)I NTRODUCTIONIn this version we renamed the main launcher Jason; this launchercombines all Fugro-Jason software modules: JGW, EarthModel FT andPowerLog.The 8.2 version of the Jason software is available both on Linux andWindows. PowerLog is available as an additional module on Windows only.For a simple or temporary installation you can refer to the Quick start onpage 7. Otherwise we recommend you follow the procedure that isdescribed from page 15 (Linux) or page 23 (Windows) onwards.This installation guide is meant for installing the Jason launcher and thelicensed modules, including EarthModel FT. PowerLog can be installed asan additional module for Windows; please refer to the PowerLog releasenotes for more detailed information on installing the software. Conventions used in this guideNotation conventions used in the command syntax and examples in thisguide:Notationterminal This font is used for user input, program output, or errormessages in text. Example: tar xv<topdir> Identifies a generic element that must be replaced by the valueappropriate for your installation.Italics To emphasize a statement.NOTE To indicate information that you should read before proceeding.B UTTON To indicate you have to look for a button with that name.Menu To indicate you have to select a menu option.M ODULE To indicate the name of a software module.Q UICK STARTThis installation sheet can be used for simple and/or temporary installations.Otherwise please follow the full instructions as described on page 8onwards.Linux1. Change to the directory where you want to install the software.2. Check available disk space; this should be 2 GB.3. Make a subdirectory where the software is to be installed.4. Change to the newly created directory.5. Mount the DVD. (See page 16 for more instructions.)6. Execute the install script from the root directory of the DVD and follow theon-screen instructions.7. When finished unmount the DVD.8. Change directory to the license directory and copy the license file into thatdirectory.9. Run the post-installation script (../jgsetup) and select option 1, configurethe installation. Use option 98 first, to set a network path so all necessarysystems can “see” the Jason installation.10. Make a symbolic link from the ‘system bin’ directory to the jason startupscript: type: ln -s <inst_dir>/jason /usr/local/bin where<inst_dir> is the directory where you installed the software.11. The software can now be started by typing: jason. It may be required totype ‘rehash’ to refresh the cached search path.NOTE:When starting the Jason launcher, the Jason license manager will be started automatically. This means you have to be logged-on tothe machine listed as the license server. We strongly recommendto add the Jason License Manager startup to the system bootsequence. See page , 5: Enable the Jason license manager. Windows1. Insert the Jason DVD in your computer.2. Double click the Jason setup icon and follow the on-screen instructions toinstall the software.• Select Typical install when asked and click on I NSTALL.H ARDWARE /S OFTWARE REQUIREMENTSThe Jason modules can all be opened from the Jason launcher. The Jasonlauncher is available for Linux and Windows. This chapter informs you aboutthe hardware and software requirements for running the software. GeneralDVD readerThe software is being distributed on DVD, therefore the machine thesoftware has to be installed on, needs to be capable of reading DVDs. OpenGLJason uses hardware accelerated OpenGL graphics for all viewers.Therefore you are strongly recommended to use up-to-date graphicshardware and associated drivers.Disk space requirementsThe installed Jason software on Linux or Windows will take up 2 GB of diskspace.Hardware requirements:Jason runs on PC’s, laptops and servers running Intel/AMD CPUs with anNvidia graphics card.The Intel Itanium and Itanium2 architectures are not supported!Hardware RequirementsJason consists of various types of software modules, each with their ownhardware requirements. If a machine is used for a combination of thesemodules, the superset of recommended hardware should be used. Belowyou will find a description of the types.Jason Core/ViewersAs this environment is used for visualizing data, the recommended hardwareis geared towards fast data access, and good quality visualization hardware.Recommended configuration:• A dual-CPU (or dual-core) system, with 4GB of memory, 2x 500 GB SATA-II harddrive and an Nvidia quadro class graphis adapter.•For more efficient use we recommend to run Jason in a “dual screen”configuration (preferably 1600x1200 or 1680x1050 resolution).InverTrace-Plus/Rocktrace/StatModMC/RockModI NVERTRACE-P LUS, R OCK T RACE, S TAT M OD MC and R OCK M OD are gearedtowards processing large amounts of data, in a single-threaded fashion. Assuch, a fast, single core CPU will give better performance then a quad-coreCPU with lower clock-speed. Since these modules work on blocks of data inmemory, we recommend an available memory of 2 GB per core. Fast harddisks (SATA-II) will also improve processing speedRecommended configuration:• A fast CPU, 4GB of memory, 2 x 500 GB SATA-II harddisks.MCPU workers (Linux only)R OCK T RACE, I NVER T RACE-P LUS,S TAT M OD MC and R OCK M OD can be run inparallel mode and make use of additional machines in the network for extraCPU power. For this you need a seperate MCPU license.MCPU allows mixing and matching of different classes of machines tocooperate on the same task; for efficient use the machines should be ofcomparable specifications; they should have the same amount of memoryper thread (core or CPU) and the CPUs should be of roughly equalperformance.NetworkThe worker nodes will access their input data over the network (using NFS),and as such will benefit from having a high-speed, low-latency network(GigE or better).MemoryThe maximum amount of data a worker process can handle is determinedfor the whole process, and therefore the lowest amount of memory availableon any one of the workers, will determine the maximum amount available foreach process. Having 6 workers with 2GB available and 2 workers with 1GBwill usually lead to a longer overall runtime, then just using 6 workers with2GB of memory.CPUA good rule of thumb is that the speed difference between the fastest andslowest CPU should be less then 50%Multi-Threading (StatModMC/RockMod only)S TAT M OD MC and R OCK M OD can be run in multi-threaded mode. For thisyou need a separate MCMC-MT license. Multi-Threading makes use of allthe available cores in your machine.We recommend 2.4 GB of memory per thread.Additional Hardware SupportAs of JGW 8.0, all batch modules are available as native 64bit Linux for the64-bit Intel and AMD hardware.Please note that the Intel Itanium and Intel Itanium2 Processor architectureis not supported.Software requirementsLinux/x86, x86_64Fugro-Jason currently supports recent versions of both SuSE and RedHatEnterprise, both for x86 and x86_64 architectures, with the latest patchesinstalled. Xorg and Nvidia graphics drivers are also required.Commentwith latest updates appliedSuSE 10.X, 11.x, Enterprise(SLES10)RedHat Enterprise 4.8 or 5.4 with latest updates appliedKnown LimitationsThe known limitations specific for the Linux platform are listed below. KnownLimitations for each of the Jason modules are listed at the end of theirrespective sections in the help file (Help > Known limitations)Error!Bookmark not defined..•PowerLog does not run on Linux.WindowsFugro-Jason currently supports the English language versions of WindowsXP (professional), Windows Vista (business and ultimate) and Windows 7(professional and ultimate), both 32 and 64 bit versions, with the latestservice packs installed.Non-English language versions are not supported.Known LimitationsThe known limitations specific for the Windows platforms are listed below.Known Limitations for each of the Jason modules can be found under Help >Known Limitations from the menu of the specific module Error! Bookmark notdefined..•Datafiles generated with JGW 5.0 (released in 2000) or older can not be written to. It is recommended to upgrade those files on Linux, beforeusing them on Windows.•Remote display is not supported.•Rockmod /StatMod MC is not supported.•MCPU is not supported.Nvidia driversTo ensure proper functioning of the viewers (both on Linux and Windows),you should use a recent Nvidia card and software. The Jason software hasbeen tested using recent versions of the Nvidia drivers (180 or newer).Using older versions of this driver may give display artifacts in the JasonCore/Viewers modules.You can download the Nvidia driver from the Nvidia website: .After installing the NVidia drivers for Linux, you have to configure X-windowsso that it can use the Nvidia driver. For this you can use the nvidia-settingsprogram. A detailed description can be found in the Nvidia READMEdocument. Make sure to configure your display for 24bpp color-depth. Calculation of memory requirementsWith the formulas presented below, you can estimate the memoryrequirements for the following memory intensive batch modules:E ARTH M ODEL, I NVERMOD, I NVER T RACE-P LUS, R OCK T RACE and S TAT M ODMC.HINT:You should always leave some memory available (150-200MB) for the operating system and other system applications. Alwaysdesign the blocks such that they can be held in memory.Swapping to disk will cause serious performance degradation.NOTE: 1 Mbyte = 1024 * 1024 bytes; 1 GByte = 1024 * 1 Mbyte.Model BuilderMinimum memory requirements for M ODEL B UILDER can be calculated asfollows:(13 * nframe + 8 * nhor + 20) * ntrace + 16 *non_conformable_non_faulted_layers * ntracewherentrace = number of selected traces.nframe = number of entries framework table.nhor = number of primary/secondary/trend horizons inframework table.This memory is required in case of conformable non-faulted layers. Morememory will be needed in case of non-conformable and/or faulted layers. EarthModel Model & Well Curve Generator and InverModMinimum memory requirement for E ARTH M ODEL M ODEL G ENERATOR,E ARTH M ODEL W ELL C URVE G ENERATOR, I NVER M OD P RINCIPAL C OMPONENTA NALYSIS, I NVER M OD W AVELET E STIMATION, I NVER M OD M ODEL E STIMATIONcan be calculated as follows20 * ntraceWhere:ntrace = number of selected tracesEarthModel Model InterpolatorThe E ARTH M ODEL M ODEL I NTERPOLATOR has the E ARTH M ODEL partly inmemory for both the input and output trace gate:(8 * nlayer + 20) * ntrace1It also reads the input model file for the selected layers and input trace gatein the form of vertical components. The vertical component samplingdepends on the requested approximate vertical interval per layer:(8 * nlayer * nz) * ntrace2Minimum memory requirements for EarthModel Interpolator can becalculated as follows:(8 * nlayer + 20) * ntrace1 + (8 * nlayer * nz) * ntrace2where:ntrace1 = # of selected input and output tracesntrace2 = # of selected input traces with non-empty inputmodel tracesnlayer = # of selected layersnz = mean_layer_thickness / selected_vertical_intervalThe result is in bytes. The second part is usually the bottle neck. Roughly, ifthe requested vertical interval is chosen equal to the model file sampleinterval and the input trace gate encompasses the full model file extent, therequired memory will be twice the size of the model file.NOTE:If you request to internally over-sample by choosing a vertical interval that is much smaller than the model file sample interval,the required memory will grow proportionally. The requestedvertical intervals are the ones that are set from the Input/Layersdialogue box. The mean_layer_thickness can be found in theEarthModel thicknesspars file.Also, a temporary output horizon file will be created, requiring disk space:(4 * nlayer * nz) * ntrace1In general the output trace gate will contain more traces than the input tracegate, therefore ntrace1 may be much larger than ntrace2.CSSI (InverTrace-Plus / RockTrace)In the Output > Generate results dialog box you find a button T EST REQUIREDMEMORY. If you click on it, you’ll be given an estimate of the free memoryand swap space needed to run your job. When using MCPU, this memoryrequirement applies to all the selected machines. If one machine being usedin MCPU runs out of memory and begins swapping, the entire job will slowdown substantially.To test the amount of memory required you should first select a small tracegate in the area of interest (approximately 4 times the selected block size).The size of the selected trace gate is displayed in the main CSSI window. MCMC (StatMod MC / RockMod)MCMC allows you to set the maximum amount of memory to use. Refer tothe help file in StatMod MC or RockMod for more information.No Machine (NX)If you would like to run Jason modules over low-bandwidth connections youcan use an NX connection. For more information on NX see.NX does support 3D graphics graphics and should be able to run V OLUMEVIEW. Please note that performance will be suboptimalThinAnywhere®To run Jason modules over low-bandwidth connections, you can alsochoose to use ThinAnywhere. See .ThinAnywhere does support 3D graphics graphics and should be able to runV OLUME VIEW. Please note that performance will be suboptimalExceed®/Exceed 3D®Jason software is not certified for Hummingbird Exceed, or any other X-emulator.CygWin-XJason software is not certified for CygWin-X, or any other X-emulator. WindowsRunning on a remote display is not supported under Windows.C OMPATIBILITYBefore installing an updated version of any software, it is important to knowhow compatible that version is with previous versions.Files and projects saved in version 8.2 are compatible with older Jasonversions up to 7.1, with the exception of the E ARTH M ODEL FT modules.Significant updates have been made to the E ARTH M ODEL FT modules, andas a result the software is not backward compatible. This means that savedE ARTH M ODEL FT files in 8.2 cannot be retrieved in earlier versions ofE ARTH M ODEL FT.Hardware compatibilityJason data is fully compatible between the different hardware platforms.There is one exception: session files for FunctionMod that are saved on oneplatform, cannot be read back on the other platform.Simultaneous usage of different versionsYou can keep all previous Jason installations available, therefore werecommend that you install any new version in its own directory. This assistsin smoother migration to the new software version. Please see Sharing thelicense between different release versions on page for more information on howto setup the license manager for such a configuration.I NSTALLING J ASON ON L INUXWhether you want to install this version as an update or as a new software,the steps to do so are identical. This is because we recommend that youinstall the update in a new directory, which will enable you to keep thecurrent version running as well. This might be important with respect tocertain compatibility issues (see page for more information).In this chapter the actual software installation is described. Below you findthe steps for the software installation and the order in which they should betaken:1: Create the product installation account and directory2: Installing Jason3: Install the license file4: Configure the installation5: Enable the Jason license manager6: Test the installation7: Making the Jason launcher available to users8: Define local settingsConfiguring the Multi CPU is described on page .1: Create the product installation account and directoryThe Jason software can be made available to all workstations on yournetwork by exporting the applicable partition. Please ensure that the path tothe software installation is the same on all machines, preferably by using theautomounter.We also recommend you create a user account with the name jason anduse that account to install the software. This has the following advantages:•Avoid potential security risks, which may occur when the software is installed as root.•Patches can be installed without the need for the root password.Follow your company procedures to create the account jason.To create the installation directory proceed as follows:1. Switch to the root account by typing: su root2. Type: df -k to check for available disk-partitions and space (2 GB), anddecide where to install the Jason software.3. Create a directory to install the software in on the selected partition. Grantthe user jason access to this directory.4. Login as user jason to proceed with the installation procedure.2: Installing JasonNow that you created the product installation account, you can continue withreading the DVD:1. Mount the DVDThe DVD is mounted automatically, the location differs for the variousoperating systems.OSSuSE Linux /media/dvdRedHat Linux /mnt/dvdNOTE:Please ensure the DVD has been mounted with executepermission. RHES5 by default mounts DVDs with no executepermission. If you get a permission denied error when trying torun the install script this usually indicates the DVD has not beenmounted with execute permissions.If the DVD is not mounted automatically, or is not mounted with executepermission please refer to your OS documentation. The table below givesdirections for the most common cases.OSSuSE Linux Switch to the root accountType: mount /media/dvdRedHat Linux Switch to the root accountType: mount –t auto /mnt/dvd2. Run the install script from the mounted DVD:OSSuSE Linux /media/dvd/installRedHat Linux /mnt/dvd/install3. Start the installation by typing O (for OK).3: Install the license file1. Prior to receiving a license file, you must provide Fugro-Jason with thehostname and hostid of the system that acts as the license manager. Thehostname and hostid of the current host can be found in various ways:• By typing ./jlmhostinfo from the license directory in the Jason installation.• By selecting L, License manager host information from theinstallation script on the DVD.•By querying the hostname and hostid from the system as follows:♦For the hostname, type: hostname -s♦For the hostid, type: /sbin/ifconfig eth0 and remove colons fromthe “HWaddr” result. In other words, a HWaddr of 00:40:05:16:E5:25becomes a host-id of 00400516e5252. After supplying Fugro-Jason with the requested information, you will receivean email with the license file. This email contains instructions on theinstallation procedure.The license keys are maintained by the files license.dat and/orlicense.demo. Follow the steps below to install the license file.• Login as jason.• Go to the directory that contains the license manager-files. cd <inst_dir>/license•Install the license file, for instructions on how to do this, refer to the email you received with the license file.Note that:•It is Fugro-Jason’s policy to issue license keys for the maximum period of one year. A new license file will be sent automatically before theexpiration date of the current license.•Neither the hostname nor the TCP/IP port number (the last number of the first line in the license file) is used in the encryption algorithm. If thehostname of your computer has been changed, modify the license.datfile accordingly.•The TCP/IP port number must be changed if the port is already in use.(This will be reported in the debug log file).4: Configure the installationNow that you installed the license file, the installation must be configured foryour environment:1. Go to the installation directory (type: cd <inst_dir>).2. Run the configuration script (type: ./jgsetup).HINT:If running the automounter, the installation directory should be changed. To do so, type C followed by the correct path.3. Select option 1 to configure the installation.This will update the full directory path to the current installation in severalconfiguration files and will set the file permissions for all files and directories.HINT:If you are installing an update, you can select option 7 to use the customization files from the previous version. These customizedfiles are then copied to the new installed version. (You can findcustomized files in the directory <instdir>/local/...)5: Enable the Jason license managerThe Fugro-Jason products are equipped with a license manager (FLEX lmversion 10.8) to control the client specific setup as stated in the licenseagreement. Typical client settings are: number of tokens, expiration date,and customized interfaces.If problems are experienced with the license management system, pleasecheck Appendix I - FLEXlm license manager.IMPORTANT:Never set back the system date! The Jason license manager will detect this, and prevent the Jason software to run!! Even whenyou reset the system date to the correct date, the software maystill not run. In that case you may have to reload the completeoperating system.NOTE:Never change the system date while the X-Server is running.Doing so may significantly confuse the X-Server. It has beenobserved that pull-down menus “hang”, and many otherunexpected behaviors are also likely to happen. A commonmistake is to call ntpdate (or related programs) to synchronizethe time with other systems driven by the crontab.NOTE:The Jason license manager will NOT conflict with otherapplications that use FLEXlm. Jasons license file should not bemerged with other license files.Follow the steps below to install the license manager.1. Go to the directory that contains the license manager-files. (by typing cd<inst_dir>/license).2. Make sure there is no license manager daemon running. (type: ./jlmdown-c license.dat).3. Start the license manager daemon (type: ./jasonstartjlm -clicense.dat).The program jasonstartjlm starts the daemon processes jasongrd andjasonlm. This can be inspected by typing: ps -ef | grep jason4. Inspect the debug log-file /tmp/jasonlicense.log to ensure the licensemanager has been started correctly, by typing: more/tmp/jasonlicense.log5. Ensure that the license management daemon will be started automaticallywhenever the system is rebooted. For this you can use one of the followingoptions:• The script etc/jasonlm in the installation directory contains the basics for a suitable script and you should adapt this to the set-up you areworking with.•Create the jason license manager startup script. (You need root privileges) by typing vi /etc/rc5.d/S85lmgrd.jasonAdd:#!/bin/sh## Start Jason license manager demon# ( Uses FLEXlm from Globetrotter software)#if [ -f <instdir>/license/jasonstartjlm ]then<instdir>/license/jasonstartjlm \-c <instdir>/license/license.dat \-l /tmp/jasonlicense.log -u jason &fiPlease note the following:•With the option -l <filename>, name and place of the debug log file can be specified. This can be changed to line-up with the environment inwhich the install is performed.•It is recommended that you use the option -u <user>. With this option the license manager will not run with root privilege, to prevent possiblesecurity leaks.Sharing the license between different release versionsIn most cases you will want to support multiple versions of the Jasonsoftware, to enable this do as follows:1. Install the license manager for the latest version as described above.。

Unit9HowIFoundMyVoice课文翻译综合教程四

Unit 9How I Found My VoiceJames Earl Jones1 Today I am known for my voice as much as for my acting. It has been my goodfortune to receive jobs such as the speaking role of Darth Vader in George Lucas ' s Star Wars trilogy and the voice-over announcer for CNN cable television. I also narrated Aaron Copland 'sLincoln Portrait on a compact disc I recorded with the Seattle Symphony. Perhaps my greatest honor came when I was asked to read the New Testament on tape.2 But it took a long time to believe such good things could happen to me. When Iwas a youngster I stuttered so badly I was completely unable to speak in public.3 Since I was eight I ' d had trouble speaking. It was so bad that whenever I stoodup in class to read, the other kids snickered and laughed. I always sat down, my face burning with shame.4 I ' m not sure what caused my stuttering. Perhaps it was an emotional problem. Iwas born in Arkabutla, Mississippi, and when I was about five, I moved to live with my grandparents on their farm near Dublin in northern Michigan. It was traumatic moving from the warm, easy ways of catfish country to the harsh climate of the north, where people seemed so different.5 Fortunately, my granddaddy was a gentleman, a farmer who taught me to lovethe land. He was short and he had a prodigious amount of energy. He even built a church to please grandmother, a fervent worshiper of the Lord. All sorts of people were invited to our little church; white, black and American Indian came together ina nondenominational fellowship. Granddad ' s Irish heritage came out in his love forlanguage; during the week he used “ everyday talk ” , but on Sunday he spoke only thefinest English.6 As much as I admired his fluency, I couldn ' ctome close to it. I finally quit Sunday school and church, not wantingto be humiliated any more. All through my grade school years, the only way the teacher could assess my progress was for me to write down everything I had learned.7 Oh, I could talk, all right. Our farm animals knew that. I found it easy to call thepigs, tell the dogs to round up the cows, and vent my feelings to Fanny, the horse whose big brown eyes and lifted ears seemed to express interest in all I said. But when visitors came and I was asked to say hello, I could only stand, pound my feet,and grit my teeth. That awful feeling of my voice being trapped got worse as I grew older.Then when I was 14, Professor Donald Crouch came to our school. He was a retired college professor who had settledin nearby Brethren, a Mennonite community. When he heard that our agricultural high was teaching Chaucer, Shakespeareand other classics, he couldn ' t stand not being a part of our school. Sohe left his retreat to teach us English, history and Latin.Donald Crouch was a tall, lean man with gray hair; English was his favorite subject, poetry was his deepest love. He ' sbeen an associate of Robert Frost. He held a book of poems as if it were a diamond necklace, turning pages as ifuncovering treasures. He memorized a poem every day, explaining that if he ever lost his eyesight he would still be able tosavor all that beauty.When he learned that I not only loved poetry but was writing it, we found a kinship. There was, however, one difficultybetween us. Professor Crouch (we always called him that) could not stand the fact I refused to read my poems to the class. “Jim, poetry is meant to be read aloud, just like sermons, ”he pressed. “You should be able to speakthose beautiful w ords. ”I shook my head and turned away.Then he tricked me. I labored long and hard on a poem, and after handing it in I waited expectantly for his critique. Itdidn' t come. Instead, one day as the students meaningfully and nodded. With knees shaking, I walked up before my peers.“Jim will recite his latest poem, ” announced Professor Crouch.For a moment I stood breathless. I could see smirks and wry smiles on some faces. Then I began. And kept going. I recited my poem all the way through without hesitation or fault! I stood amazed and floated back to my desk in a daze, amidwild applause.Afterward, Professor Crouch congratulated me. “Aha, ”he said. “ Nowwe have something here. Not only8 9 10 11 12 13 14151617 18 19assembled, he challenged me.I stared at himin disbelief. “Jim, I don ' t think you wrote this. Why, ”I started, anger flooding me, “ ofcourse Idid! Well, then, ” he said,you' ve got to prove it by getting up and reciting it frommemory. ” By then the other students had settled at their desks. He looked at mewill you have to write more poetry and read it aloud to know how good it feels, but I ' m sure that you will want to read other writers poetrybefore the class.I was dubious about that, but said I ' d try. Soon I began to discover something other stutterers know. Most have no problem singing because the lyrics r' hythmicpattern flows by itself. I found the same cadences in poetry, and before long my fellow students actually looked forward to hearing me recite. I loved the rolling beat of The Song of Hiawatha , especially since I had Indian blood in my veins.I discovered I did have a voice, a strong one. Under Professor Crouch' s tutelage, I entered oratorical contests and debates. He never pushed anything at me again; he just wanted all his students to wakeup.As my stuttering disappeared, I began dreaming of becoming an actor, like my father, who was then performing in NewYork City. No one in my family had ever gone to college. But encouraged by Professor Crouch, I took exams and won ascholarship to the University of Michigan.There I entered the drama department and after graduation fulfilled my ROTC responsibility by serving with the Army 'sCold Weather Training Com mand on mountain maneuvers in Colorado.Later, on the GI Bill, I signed up with the American Theater Wing in New York and supported myself between roles bysweeping floors of off-Broadway stages. In 1962 I earned an Obie for my role in an off-Broadway production of Othello , and have been an actor ever since.Meanwhile, I always kept in touch with my old professor, by letter and telephone. Every time we talked itwas always, “Hi, Jim. Read any good poetry lately? ” He was losing his sight and I remembered his earlyexplanation of why he had memorized poetry. In later years when I was doing Shakespeare ' Tsimon of Athens at the Yale Repertory Theater in New Haven, Connecticut, I phoned him. “Can I fly you in from Michigan to see it?“Jim, h ”e sighed, “I ' bmlind now. I ' hdate not to be able to see you acting. It would hurt too much.”“I understand, Professor, ” I said, helped in part by the realization that though my mentor could no longer see, he was still living in a world vibrant with all of the beautiful treasures he had stored.About two years later I learned Donald Crouch had passed on. When I was asked to record the New Testament, Ireally did it for a tall, lean man with gray hair who had not only helped to guide me to the author of the Scriptures, but as the 202122 23 24 25 26 27 2829father of my resurrected voice, had also helped me find abundant life.找回声音詹姆斯厄尔琼斯1 今天我在声音方面的名气一点都不逊色于我的表演。

拉森14jennywasapostcard背课文

拉森14jennywasapostcard背课文【原创版】目录一、引言1.拉森 14jennywasapostcard 的介绍2.课文背写的重要性二、课文背写的技巧1.理解课文内容2.划分段落和主题3.制作记忆卡片4.多次反复背诵三、拉森 14jennywasapostcard 的具体背诵方法1.熟悉课文背景和故事情节2.记住关键词和句子3.结合图片和视频辅助记忆四、课文背写的意义1.提高语言能力2.增强记忆力和专注力3.培养良好的学习习惯五、结论1.拉森 14jennywasapostcard 背课文的重要性和方法2.鼓励大家积极背诵课文，提高学习效果正文一、引言拉森 14jennywasapostcard 是一款面向学习者的在线背课文工具，通过提供丰富的课文资源和便捷的背写功能，帮助学习者提高语言能力和记忆力。

在课文背写过程中，理解课文内容、划分段落和主题、制作记忆卡片以及多次反复背诵都是非常重要的技巧。

二、课文背写的技巧1.理解课文内容：在背写课文之前，首先要对课文内容进行充分的理解，了解文章的主旨和背景。

可以通过查阅相关资料、讨论等方式来加深对课文的理解。

2.划分段落和主题：将课文划分为若干个段落，明确每个段落的主题，有助于更好地组织和记忆课文内容。

3.制作记忆卡片：将课文中的关键词和句子整理成记忆卡片，可以随时随地进行复习，提高背写效率。

4.多次反复背诵：背诵课文需要多次反复，通过不断重复记忆，巩固记忆效果。

三、拉森 14jennywasapostcard 的具体背诵方法1.熟悉课文背景和故事情节：对于叙事性的课文，可以通过了解故事背景和情节，帮助记忆课文内容。

2.记住关键词和句子：将课文中的关键词和句子提炼出来，作为背诵的重点，有助于更快地掌握课文内容。

3.结合图片和视频辅助记忆：利用图片和视频等多媒体资源，将课文内容形象化，有助于加强记忆效果。

四、课文背写的意义1.提高语言能力：通过课文背写，可以巩固所学语言知识，提高语言运用能力。

9宫格英语作文法则

9宫格英语作文法则【中英文版】Title: 9 Grid English Essay Writing RulesIntroduction:The 9 grid English essay writing rule is a systematic approach that helps structure and organize essays effectively.It divides the essay into nine equal sections, ensuring a balanced and coherent presentation of ideas.By following this rule, students can enhance their essay writing skills and produce well-structured compositions.Rule 1: IntroductionStart with a compelling hook to capture the reader"s attention.Provide a brief overview of the topic and present your thesis statement.Rule 2: Body Paragraph 1Develop the first main idea by providing evidence, examples, and e topic sentences to guide the reader through the paragraph.Rule 3: Body Paragraph 2Present the second main idea, supporting it with evidence, examples, and analysis.Ensure a smooth transition from the first paragraph to the second.Rule 4: Body Paragraph 3Introduce the third main idea, emphasizing its importance.Provide abalanced discussion, considering different perspectives if necessary.Rule 5: ConclusionSummarize the main points discussed in the essay.Restate your thesis statement and emphasize the significance of your argument.Rule 6: TransitionUse transitional phrases and words to create smooth transitions between paragraphs.This helps the reader follow your thought process.Rule 7: CoherenceEnsure that each paragraph flows logically into the e cohesive devices such as pronouns, conjunctions, and phrases to maintain coherence.Rule 8: UnityStay focused on the main topic throughout the essay.Avoid digressions and ensure that each sentence and paragraph contributes to the overall argument.Rule 9: RevisionReview your essay for grammatical errors, punctuation, and spelling mistakes.Check the essay for clarity, coherence, and unity.Make necessary revisions to improve the quality of your writing.Conclusion:By following the 9 grid English essay writing rule, students can structure their essays effectively and present their ideas coherently.Thisrule helps in organizing thoughts, ensuring a balanced discussion, and producing high-quality compositions.Practice and consistent application of these rules will greatly enhance essay writing skills.。

迈克尔斯旺牛津英语用法指南pdf

迈克尔斯旺牛津英语用法指南pdf全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Michael Swan's "Oxford English Usage Guide" is a comprehensive and indispensable reference book for anyone looking to improve their English language skills. This PDF document covers a wide range of topics related to grammar, vocabulary, and usage, providing clear and concise explanations to help learners understand and apply the rules of the English language correctly.One of the key features of this guide is its focus on common mistakes and pitfalls that learners often encounter when using English. By highlighting these areas of difficulty and providing practical examples and explanations, Michael Swan helps readers to avoid making mistakes and improve their overall language proficiency.The guide is divided into several sections, each covering different aspects of English language usage. From basic grammar rules to more advanced topics such as idioms andphrasal verbs, the guide offers a wealth of information that is both informative and easy to understand.Another important aspect of Michael Swan's guide is its emphasis on practical usage. The examples provided in the guide are drawn from real-life situations, making it easier for learners to apply the rules and concepts in their everyday communication. This practical approach helps learners to not only understand the rules but also to use them effectively in various contexts.In addition to grammar and vocabulary, the guide also covers other important aspects of English usage such as punctuation, spelling, and style. By providing comprehensive coverage of these areas, the guide helps learners to develop a well-rounded understanding of the English language and become more confident and proficient speakers and writers.Overall, Michael Swan's "Oxford English Usage Guide" is a valuable resource for anyone looking to improve their English language skills. Whether you are a beginner looking to build a solid foundation in English or an advanced learner seeking to refine your language proficiency, this guide has something to offer for everyone. With its clear explanations, practical examples, and comprehensive coverage of key language topics, this guideis a must-have for anyone serious about mastering the English language.篇2Title: The Ultimate Guide to Oxford English Usage by Michael Swan PDFIntroduction:The Michael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide is a comprehensive reference book for English language learners and speakers. It covers a wide range of topics relating to English grammar, vocabulary, and usage. This guide is particularly useful for those who are looking to improve their writing skills, expand their vocabulary, and gain a better understanding of how to use English effectively.Chapter 1: The Basics of English GrammarThe guide starts with the basics of English grammar, such as the parts of speech, sentence structure, punctuation, and tense usage. It explains the rules and principles governing the English language and provides examples to help users understand how to apply these rules in their writing.Chapter 2: Vocabulary BuildingThe guide also includes a section on vocabulary building, which covers common English words, phrases, idioms, and expressions. It provides tips on how to expand one's vocabulary and use words effectively in different contexts.Chapter 3: Common Mistakes to AvoidOne of the key features of the guide is its focus on common mistakes to avoid in English usage. It highlights typical errors made by English learners and provides explanations on how to correct them. This chapter is particularly helpful for those who are looking to improve their English language skills and avoid making common mistakes in their writing.Chapter 4: Advanced Grammar and UsageThe guide also covers advanced grammar and usage topics, such as conditional sentences, reported speech, and modal verbs. It provides detailed explanations and examples to help users understand these complex grammar rules and use them correctly in their writing.Chapter 5: Style and RegisterLastly, the guide includes a section on style and register, which covers how to write effectively in different styles and for different audiences. It provides tips on how to adapt one'swriting to suit the purpose and audience of the text, whether it be formal, informal, academic, or professional.Conclusion:The Michael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide is a valuable resource for English language learners and speakers who are looking to improve their writing skills, expand their vocabulary, and gain a better understanding of English grammar and usage. By following the advice and tips provided in this guide, users can enhance their English language proficiency and communicate more effectively in English.篇3Title: Michael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide PDFMichael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide is a comprehensive and invaluable resource for English learners and speakers. The PDF version of this guide offers convenient access to the wealth of information provided by the renowned linguist and author. In this article, we will explore the key features of this PDF, highlighting its usefulness and benefits for users.One of the primary advantages of the Michael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide PDF is its accessibility. With the PDF format, users can easily download and view the guide on various devices,including computers, tablets, and smartphones. This allows for convenient reference and study anytime, anywhere, making it an indispensable tool for students, teachers, and professionals alike.The guide covers a wide range of topics related to English usage, including grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, and style. It provides clear explanations, examples, and guidelines to help users navigate the complexities of the English language with confidence and accuracy. Whether you are looking to improve your writing skills, expand your vocabulary, or enhance your communication abilities, this guide has you covered.In addition to its comprehensive coverage of English usage, Michael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide PDF also offers practical tips and advice for effective communication. From common mistakes to subtle nuances, the guide helps users avoid errors and misunderstandings in their writing and speaking. By following the guidance provided in the guide, users can enhance their language skills and express themselves more effectively.Moreover, the PDF version of the guide includes interactive features that enhance the learning experience. Users can easily navigate through the guide, search for specific topics, and bookmark pages for future reference. This makes it easy to findthe information you need quickly and efficiently, saving time and improving productivity.Overall, Michael Swan's Oxford English Usage Guide PDF is a valuable resource for anyone looking to master the intricacies of the English language. Its comprehensive coverage, practical advice, and convenient format make it an essential tool for learners and speakers of all levels. Whether you are a student, teacher, or professional, this guide will help you improve your English skills and communicate with confidence. Download the PDF today and take your language abilities to the next level!。

outline 文档

引言又称前言，属于整篇论文的引论部分。

其写作内容包括：研究的理由、目的、背景、前人的工作和知识空白，理论依据和实验基础，预期的结果及其在相关领域里的地位、作用和意义。

引言的文字不可冗长，内容选择不必过于分散、琐碎，措词要精炼，要吸引读者读下去。

引言的篇幅大小，并无硬性的统一规定，需视整篇论文篇幅的大小及论文内容的需要来确定，长的可达700~800字或1000字左右，短的可不到100字。

附件：英文版学术论文格式样张The Researches on Rs Method for Discrete Membership Functions（空一行）ZHANG Xiaoya, LI Dexiang(题目14号字加黑居中) School of Management,Sichuan University, P.R.China, 610036 (10 号字居中)yuanfengxiangsheng@(10号字加黑) (空一行)Abstract Mizumoto used to advance a fuzzy reasoning method ,Rs,which fits the……Key words IDSS,Fuzzy reasoning,……号字)(空一行)1 Introduction (一级标题12号字加黑)We know that the approaches of implementation of intelligent decision support systems(IDSS)have become variable……(正文均用10号字)(空一行)2 An ExampleAccording to the definition of Rs,we can construct the fuzzy relation matrix,as shown in table 1Table 1 A Fuzzy Relation Rs (9号字加黑居中) U2U3U10.00 0.10 0.40 0.70……0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 ……0.20 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 ……(表中用9号字).….. …………………(空一行)Figure 1 Functions of……(9号字加黑居中)3 The Improved Method(空一行)3.1 Method one (二级标题10号字加黑)…………3.1.1 Discussing about method one (三级标题10号字)…………（空一行）3.2 Method two……………………(空一行)4 Conclusion (12号字加黑)…………(空一行)References (12号字加黑居中)（空一行）[1] M.Mizumoto,H.J.Zimmermann. comparision of fuzzy reasoning methods. Fuzzy Sets andSystems ,8(1982),p253～283 (参考文献均用10号字)国际会议论文排版要求及样张关于论文1.论文的书写顺序时:标题、作者姓名、作者单位，邮箱，摘要、关键词、引言、正文、结论、参考文献。

submissions范文

submissions范文英文回答：Submissions are an important part of academic and professional life. They provide an opportunity for individuals to showcase their knowledge, skills, and expertise in a particular field. Whether it's a research paper, an essay, or a project report, submissions allow us to demonstrate our understanding and contribute to the body of knowledge in our chosen area.In my experience, I have submitted numerous papers and essays during my academic journey. These submissions have helped me refine my writing skills and develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter. For example, when I was studying psychology, I had to submit a research paper on the effects of stress on mental health. Through this submission, I was able to delve into the topic, conduct thorough research, and present my findings in a coherent and persuasive manner.In addition to academic submissions, I have also submitted various reports and presentations in my professional career. These submissions have been crucial in showcasing my abilities and gaining recognition within my organization. For instance, I once had to submit a project report detailing the implementation of a new marketing strategy. This submission allowed me to demonstrate my project management skills, analytical thinking, and ability to achieve desired outcomes.中文回答：Submissions是学术和职业生涯中的重要组成部分。