全国高考卷----语法填空

全国高考卷----语法填空

从2014和2015年新课标全国卷的高考题来看，语法填空分为两类：一类是给出提示词（7道题）；二是纯空题（3道题）。词类方面，以考查实词为主，虚词为辅。实词以动词、形容词、副词为主，其中动词又是重中之重；虚词以连词、介词、冠词为主。句法方面主要考查非谓语动词、并列连词和复合句的引导词。从语法方面的考查内容及题目的设计可以看出，考查的都是最基本的语法知识，题目中也没有过多的陷阱。

语法填空题的解题思路

1.通读全文，把握语篇。

2.结合语境，依据句法、词法知识填空。

3.验证复查。

一大类：提示词

一、动词

技巧1:若句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有了谓语动词，但需要填的动词与之之间有连接词，所填动词就是谓语动词形式。若是谓语动词，就要考虑动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（根据时间状语、上下文语境判断）。特别要注意时态变化时动词的拼写以及一些特殊句型中动词的时态。

1. Unless extra money ____________ (find), the theater will close.

2. The plane _______________ (take) off at 5 : 00.

3. He _______________ (work) on the farm for eight years. Now he is a movie star.

4. This coastal area ________________ (name) a national wildlife reserve last year.

5. The new teaching building _______________ (build) next year.

6. There will be an NBA basketball final tomorrow morning but it is a pity that I __________ (attend) a meeting then.

7. Up to now, they ____________ (visit) more than 1000 experts.

8. It ________ 3 years since we __________________ (meet) each other last time. The twins, who ________________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.

9. She ________________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.

10. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ______________ (decorate).

11. It is the first time that I __________________ (win) first prize in the English speech contest.

12. I ______________ (do) my homework when someone knocked at the door.

技巧2：若句子已有谓语动词，但不存在连接两个谓语动词的连接词，那么所填动词就选择非谓语动词形式。非谓语动词解题原则：①分析主语名词和所给动词逻辑关系确定非谓语动词形式（V-ing、to V 、V-ed）；②分析谓语动词和所给动词的先后来判断时间关系，确定非谓语动词的具体形式（一般式、进行式、完成式）；③要注意一些惯用分词形式，如generally speaking, judging from/ by, dating back to/ from 等。

1. ______________ (catch) the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up early.

2. ______________ (admit) into a key university, the students are studying harder and harder.

3. He got up late and hurried to his office, _______________(leave) the breakfast untouched.

4. He drove to the airport hurriedly, only _________________ (find) his girlfriend was already on the plane.

5. Mary called to order a ticket to the concert she had been longing for, only ___________(tell) the tickets had been sold out.

6. Carefully and thoughtfully ___________ (write), the book inspires confidence in lots of students.

7. ____________ (punish) by his teacher, he was in low spirits.

8. Li Na, the first from Asia,_______________ (achieve) a ranking of world No.2, retired from tennis in September, 2014.

9. The ability ______________ (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.

10. She knew little about the city, but she found herself _____________ (attract) to it.

11. When brushing teeth, don’t leave the water ________________ (run).

12. I tried mu best, but I couldn’t make my view _________________ (understand) because of my poor spoken English.

13. It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _______________ (have) the answers ready will be of great help.

14. The man created a disguise to enable him to fight crime without _____________ (recognize).

15. _________________ (absorb) in surfing the Internet, he didn’t notice me come in.

16. _____________ (judge) from what he had done, he is an outstanding worker.

17. Misunderstandings arising from lack of social communication, unless _______________ (handle) properly, may lead to serious problems.

18. When ______________ (cross) the street, do pay attention to vehicles.

技巧3：考查不同词性间的相互转化，常考的有动词与名词、动词与形容词、形容词和副词等之间的转化等。

1. With no _____________ (hesitate), the woman put down the box she was carrying and quickly found an empty box.

2. People visit other countries for ______________ (vary) reasons.

3. Taking exercise is __________________ (benefit) to our health.

二、名词

高考对名词的考查主要体现在：1、名词的数；2、名词的所有格；3、习惯搭配；4、与动词、形容词等之间的转换；5、一些特殊的不可数名词。

1. They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various ___________ (situation).

2. They also say that once the zoo is moved, animals will have more space and better living ___________(condition) in the suburbs.

三、形容词或副词

主要考查方向是形容词和副词之间的相互转化以及比较级和最高级。做比较等级时要注意相关提示词(as … as / than/ among/of all)和修饰词(much, even, still, by far, a little, ever)等。

1. For one thing, bicycles are ________________ (environmental) friendly. For another, riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise.

2. Of all the living things, human beings are the _______________ (clever).

3. The _____________ (hard) you work, the greater progress you will make.

4. Our car broke down halfway. _____________ (bad) still, it rained heavily.

5. Oh, boys, why are you killing your time this way? Can’t you find something that is __________(well) worth doing?

二大类：纯空格类

一、填代词或名词

句子缺主语或宾语时，一般要填代词或名词（代词考的更多，名词侧重于考查固定搭配）。

1. Hand baggage is a small bag passengers are permitted to carry with them during their air or train journey, ____________ usually contains all necessary things and certain valuables.