unit9 Have you ever been to 复习

Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park? 知识要点一、语法：现在完成时。

请翻译以下句子。

1.I have already eaten lunch

2.She has never been to the USA.

3.Have you ever cried?

4.I haven't seen the movie before .

5.He hasn't finished his homework yet.

6.Tom has studied Chinese since last year

以上句子所用时态就是现在完成时。下面就是掌握该时态的七大黄金法则。

1.构成：have/has+动词过去分词。（have/has为助动词，无意思，has用在主语是第三人称单数之后。）

2.意义：表达已经做了某事，曾经做过某事，否定句意为不曾做过某事/还没有做某事，指的是过去时间里发生的动作，对现在的影响或结果。

3.常搭配的时间状语：already（已经）,ever（曾经）, just（刚刚）, never（从未）,yet （还没有，一般用在否定句尾）, before（之前，一般用在句尾），for + 时间段（共计，达到）since+时间点/since+时间段+ago/ since+过去时的从句（自从......起）（该类时间状语不特指某时某天，所以叫不确定的时间状语。）

4.与一般过去时的区别。两者都是过去发生，过去时强调过去某时所做的事，与现在没关；完成时强调过去发生的时持续到现在的影响及结果。两者在时间状语上也有大的差别，过去时须与确定的时间状语边连用,如in 1999 , last week,last year , two days ago, four years ago,yesterday ,just now , when . 如：I washed my clothes yesterday.昨天我洗了衣服。（强调昨天洗了衣服，现在衣服脏不脏就不管了）I have washed my clothes. 我已经洗了衣服。（强调衣服不用再去洗了。）

I ate lunch,but I am still hungry. 我吃过中饭，但现在仍然饿。

I have eaten lunch,so I am now full 我已经吃中饭了，所以我现在饱了。

5.一般疑问句have /has 提至句首，如I have done my homework.(一般疑问句):Have you done your homework? 否定句在have/has 后加not ,构成haven't/ hasn't如I have done my homework.(否定句):I haven't done my homework.

6.在时间状语为for+时间段，since+时间点，how long 的句型中动词要用持续性动词。非延续性动词不能与表示时段的时间状语连用，须转化成持续性动词如：

I __________ the mobile phone for three years.

A.have bought

B.have had

C.bought

D.buy

答案为Ｂ。根据for three year 选用完成时，Ａ项为非延续性动词，不能搭配。

以下是常见的非延续性动词及其对应的延续性动词。

非延续性动词延续性动

词

非延续性

动词

延续性动

词

非延续

性动词

延续性动

词

buy have come be here open be open

borrow keep go be there close be closed

join be in arrive/re

ach/get to

be in begin be on

die be dead leave be away finish be over

现在我们来实际运用下吧。

改错：１.我爷爷死了三年了。My grandpa has died for three years.

解析：has died 应改为has been dead, die 是非延续性动词，不能与for three years 连用，要转换成

相对应的延续性动词be dead.

改错：2.电影从九点就已经开始了。The film has begun since 9 o'clock.

解析：has begun 应改为has been on, begin 是非延续性动词，不能与since 9 o'clock 连用，要转换成相对应的延续性动词be on.

单选：３.How long have you ________the book?

A.borrowed

B.bought

C.kept

解析：选Ｃ与how long 连用应该用延续性动词，只是Ｃ才是。

７.have been to 与have gone to 的区别。have been to 意为曾经去过某地，现在人不在那；have gone to 意为已经去了某地，现在人就在那。

如：I have been to Disneyland many times .(我曾经去过Disneyland 许多次，现在不在那）

I have gone to Disneyland .(我已经去了Disneyland. 我现在就在Disneyland.)

请选择：－－－Where is your father? -----He_______to England on business.

A.has gone

B.has been

C.goes

D.went .

二、词语用法。

1.Me ,too.我也一样，我也是Me, neither. 我也不是，我也没有（做过）

2.So +助动词+主语。某人也一样。Neither+助动词+主语. 某人也不，某人也没。

3.So +主语+助动词. 某人确实如此。

4.population 人口。其修饰语是大小的形容词（large,big,small）,而不用多少的形容词（many,much little ).如人口众多表达成the population is large ,人口稀少表达成the population is small .问某地人口有多少可用句型：What's the population of ......?

5.discover（发现）find （找到，发觉）find out （查明白，弄清楚）

6.hear of =hear about （听说）hear from+sb （收到某人的来信）

7.分数表达法。

8.whenever=no matter when wherever=no matter where whatever=no matter what Whoever=no matter who however=no matter how

三、词组。

what he said see sb doing sth all over the world take a ride take a bike ride

on board end up such as three quarters have problems doing sth whether.......or.......

all year round close to wake up

think about=think of