专题10特殊句式-2022年高考英语二轮复习之语法贯通+题型突破(新高考专用)(解析版)

专题10特殊句式
1.（2021上海师大附中期中,30）Not until 1924 they gain the right to vote.
【答案】did
【解析】句意:直到1924年他们才获得了选举权。

not(否定词)置于句首,应用部分倒装(be动词/助动词/情态动词放到主语的前面)。

根据时间1924可知时态为一般过去时,gain是行为动词,故填助动词did。

2.（2021江西南昌摸底测试,65）When (finish), the work will link China’s four main rivers,going from the south to the north across the eastern, central and western parts of the country.
【答案】finished
【解析】考查状语从句中的省略。

如果状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且状语从句的谓语中有be动词,可以将状语从句的主语和be动词省略。

该从句补充完整应该是:When it is finished,finish与其主语it之间为被动关系,所以填finished。

3.（2021山西大同学情调研,65）It is through responsibility, self-regulation and collective discipline Parisians will best help health workers in their fight against the epidemic (流行病).
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。

分析句子结构可知,此处为强调句式,强调的是方式状语,故填that。

4.（2021贵州贵阳四校联考,48）This technology leads to a heated debate, because is the potential possibility of producing genetically modified "supermen" to replace modern humans.
【答案】there
【解析】考查there be句型。

分析句子结构并根据语境可知,because后为there be句型,所以填there,表示"有……"。

5.（2021黑龙江八校联考,49）We shouldn’t neglect the major courses we are studying immersing ourselves in the pleasure we find in elective courses.
【答案】while
【解析】句意:我们不应该在沉浸在从选修课中获得的乐趣的同时,忽视了自己所学的主修课程。

根据句意可知,空处表示"在……的同时",应用while。

此处为状语从句的省略。

6.（2020山东潍坊期中,62）Evidence suggests that you can remove more germs(病菌)from your hands for this amount of time while (wash)your hands.
【答案】washing
【解析】此处考查状语从句的省略。

句意:有证据表明,在洗手的过程中,你可以在这段时间内去除手上更多的细菌。

此处补全为"while you are washing your hands"。

7.（2020黑龙江大庆实验中学开学考,65）It’s in this magical world Miguel gets to discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa.
【答案】that
【解析】分析句子结构可知,该句为强调句,强调的是地点状语in this magical world, 故空处应填that构成强调句型。

8.（2020安徽江淮十校联考,29）Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there (be)two groups of possible explanations as to why we enjoy listening to sad music.
【答案】are
【解析】此处是说,关于我们为什么喜欢听悲伤的音乐有两类可能的解释。

这里使用的是there be句型,be动词与其后的主语在数上保持一致。

句中"two groups of"表达的是复数意义,故填are。

9.（2020内蒙古奋斗中学高三考试,24）She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it two sharp knives.
【答案】were
【解析】此处是说,它里面是两把锋利的刀。

分析句子结构可知,此处是一个完全倒装句,主语是后面的two sharp knives ,谓语动词要用复数形式,再结合上一句的时态可知,应填were。

10.（2019陕西商南县高级中学二模,69）It was he first set up private schools and received students from all walks of life without consideration of their social status.
【答案】that/who
【解析】句意:是他最先开办了私立学校,并从各行各业招收学生,不考虑他们的社会地位。

分析句子结构可知,本句是强调句型,且强调的是主语he,指人,故此处用that或who均可。

11.（2019广东深圳耀华实验中学检测,15）(keep) a clear head when in danger and you’ll protect yourself from serious harm.
【答案】Keep
【解析】句意:处于危险中时保持头脑清醒,这样你就会保护自己免受严重的伤害。

分析句子结构可知,此处为"祈使句+and+陈述句"结构,空处所在句为祈使句,所以用动词原形Keep。

12.（2016天津,13）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.
【答案】that
【解析】句意:你等错地方了,长途汽车是在旅馆接游客的。

分析句子结构可知,此处是一个强调句型,强调地点状语,故用that。

13.（2015湖南,31）Always(keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
【答案】keep
【解析】句意: 时刻牢记你的主要任务是让这家公司顺利运营。

分析句子结构可知, 这是一个祈使句,空处应用动词原形。

14.（2015湖南,24）Video games can be a poor influence if (leave) in the wrong hands. 【答案】left
【解析】句意:电子游戏如果使用不当就会产生不良影响。

leave与其逻辑主语Video games 之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词。

此处也可理解为if left...是状语从句的省略形式。

15.（2015湖南,23）Only after talking to two students I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
【答案】did
【解析】句意:直到与两位学生谈过之后,我才发现有强烈的动机是实现目标的最大因素之一。

"Only+状语"位于句首时,句子要部分倒装。

16.If ______(accept) for the job,you'll be informed soon.
【答案】accepted
【解析】句意:如果这个工作你被录取,你将很快被通知。

本题考查状语从句的省略。

完整的句子为:If you are accepted for the job,you'll be informed soon.。

17.Video games can be a poor influence if ______(leave) in the wrong hands.
【答案】left
【解析】句意:电子游戏如果落入不对的人的手里就可能有坏的影响。

这里考查了leave作及物动词的用法,可以理解为if(the video games are) left in the wrong hands,主句和从句的主语相同,省略从句中的主语和be动词。

18.The climate here is quite pleasant,the temperature rarely,_____ever,reaching 30℃ in summer.【答案】if
【解析】句意:这里的气候很宜人,夏天的气温极少达到30摄氏度。

本题考查状语从句的省略。

当从句中的主语是it,谓语动词中又含有系动词be 时,可以把it和系动词be一起省略。

if ever与rarely连用,意为“极少”。

19.（2018天津,14）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
【答案】that
【解析】句意:直到汽车停在我们房前,我们才看到乘客座位上的莉莉。

去掉题干中的It was 和空格后,剩余部分仍能构成一个完整的主从复合句,因此这是一个强调句式,强调"only+状语从句",故填that。

20.Now, just in front of the house ____(stand)a tall tree with a history of 100 years.
【答案】stands
【解析】句意:现在,就在这座房子前面耸立着一棵有100年历史的大树。

表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词时,后面的主语、谓语部分需用完全倒装形式;根据时间状语Now 可推知设空处需用一般现在时;本句主语为第三人称单数,故填stands。

21.Among the crises that face humans ____(be) the lack of natural resources.
【答案】is
【解析】该句为倒装句式,主语为“the lack of natural resources”,而该句描述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。

故空格处填is。

22.（2018北京,8）In any unsafe situation, simply (press)the button and a highly trained agent will get you the help you need.
【答案】press
【解析】句意:在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的代理人就会使你得到你需要的帮助。

分析句子结构可知,此处为"祈使句+and+陈述句"结构,空处所在部分为祈使句,所以用动词原形。

23.（2016江苏,34）Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
【答案】did
【解析】"Not until+状语"位于句首时,句子要部分倒装;再结合句意及时间状语"recently"可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。

故填助动词did。

24.Not until recently_____ they encourage the development of tourist-re-lated activities in the rural areas.
【答案】did
【解析】句意:直到近期,他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发展。

not until位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装结构,此处指过去所发生的动作,需用一般过去时,故答案为did。

25.Only when Lily walked into the office ____she realize that she had left the contract at home.【答案】did
【解析】句意:直到莉莉走进办公室她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。

“only+状语从句”置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装形式。

根据题干中的had left可以推断出设空处应该用一般过去时,故填did。

26._____by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the pa-tients be treated properly in this hospital.
【答案】Only
【解析】句意:只有将医生的人数增加50%,病人才能在这家医院得到恰当的治疗。

“only+状语”置于句首时,句子要部分倒装。

其正常语序是:The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by in-creasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.
27.So buried______(be)she in doing her homework that she didn't notice it got dark outside.【答案】was
【解析】句意:她如此全神贯注做她的家庭作业,以至于她都没注意到外面天已经黑了。

so...that...句型中,将so...置于句首,后面的主谓语需部分倒装;根据题中的didn't可知设空处需用一般过去时,故答案为was。

28.（2015北京,31）If (accept)for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
【答案】accepted
【解析】句意:如果你被录用做这份工作,你会很快收到通知。

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词的某种形式时,状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略。

该题中If引导的条件状语从句补充完整应为If you are accepted for the job。

29.Ready to play?(find)the nearest hospital using the map below.
【答案】Find
【解析】此处是祈使句,且空处位于句首,所填词首字母要大写,故填Find。

30.Once upon a time there (live)an old woman in the village who was from South America.
【答案】lived
【解析】once upon a time意为"从前",此处应用一般过去时,故填lived。

there lived 是There be 句型的变式。

31.The system, named "PhotoChromeleon", uses special dyes(染料)that change color when (expose) to UV rays(紫外线).
【答案】exposed
【解析】be exposed to表示"暴露于",此处为状语从句的省略,完整形式为:when they are exposed to UV rays,省略了they are,故填exposed。

32.One has reason to believe that China's anti-corruption over the past few years, tough_______ it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
【答案】as/though
【解析】句意:一个人有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反腐活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然该活动很艰难。

as/though引导让步状语从句时采用了形式倒装。

33.Try ______ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.
【答案】as/though
【解析】as/though引导让步状语从句时从句采用倒装语序(though位于句首时,从句是否倒装均可),即把表语、状语或动词放在句首,故空格处填as/though。

as和though引导让步状语从句时的倒装
34.Now the UK government is clearly saying it is James Goodfellow invented the ATM.
【答案】who/that
【解析】句意:如今,英国政府明确表示,发明自动取款机的正是James Goodfellow。

saying后接宾语从句(省略了连接词that),从句是强调句型,强调的是主语James Goodfellow,指人,故填who/that均可。

35.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River(lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.
【答案】lies
【解析】句意:重庆位于长江与嘉陵江的交汇处,是中国十大城市之一。

此句为完全倒装句, Chongqing为主语,空处为谓语动词,该句陈述的是客观事实,所以谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。

完成下列句子,注意运用特殊句式(如倒装、强调、There be 句型等)。

36.（2020全国℃）(我们一到农场)when we saw many oranges hanging from the branches.
37.（2020全国Ш）(这儿有一些相关的细节)about it.
38.（2019全国Ш）(将会有多种多样的活动)to mark this unforgettable occasion.
39.（2019江苏）(正是所谓的不便)displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
40.（2019浙江）(我真的希望你有一个光明的未来)and that our friendship will last forever!
【答案】
36.Hardly/Scarcely had we arrived on/at the farm
37.Here are some relevant details
38.There will be a wide variety of activities
39.It is just the so-called inconvenience that
40.I do hope that you will have a bright future
【能力提升】
A专项语篇型填空(特殊句式)
Only when Tom reached his home1he realize that he had left his keys in the office. 2upset he was! He knew that the only way was to go back to the office to fetch his keys, though he hated3. Though4(live) near the office, he knew no one was in the office, 5 would it be convenient to call anyone for help at this time.
6was on second thought that he decided to wander along the street to kill time, and7 he did. At a bookshop, he came across a book. It was the very book 8he had been looking for, one written by J.K. Rowling. He was crazy about Harry Potter series and 9 a great joy it
was to find her new novel at the bookshop! After all, it isn’t a bad thing to get locked out sometimes, 10it?
汤姆下班回到家后才意识到自己把钥匙落在办公室了,他知道办公室里没人,这个时候也不方便找人帮忙。

于是他决定逛街,结果在书店遇到了自己一直在寻找的小说。

1.did考查倒装。

"Only+状语从句"置于句首时,主句要部分倒装;根据语境可知这里应用一般过去时,故填助动词did。

2.How考查感叹句。

此处为感叹句,表示"他多郁闷啊!"。

修饰形容词,应用how。

3.to/it/that考查省略。

这个状语从句完整的表达是:though he hated to go back to the office...。

此处承前省略不定式的具体内容,但是这里要保留不定式符号to。

此处也可填it/that,指代前面所说的事情。

4.living考查省略。

分析句子结构可知,提示词live与其逻辑主语he之间是主谓关系,应用其动词-ing形式。

此处用"从属连词+非谓语动词"构成状语从句的省略形式。

5.nor 考查倒装。

语境表示"办公室里没人,这个时候也不方便打电话找人帮忙",故应用"nor+倒装句式"表示"…… 也不"。

6.It考查强调句式。

去掉空格和was以及后面的that后,句子结构和意义仍然完整,所以此处为强调句型,强调介词短语。

故填It。

7.so考查倒装。

这里用so he did表示"他就这么做了",表示对前面所述情况的肯定。

8.that考查定语从句的引导词。

先行词被the very修饰时,关系词只能用that。

9.what考查感叹句。

此处为感叹句型"What+a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!"。

joy在此处作可数名词,意为
"使人高兴的事"。

10.is考查反意疑问句。

前面陈述部分为否定形式,此时简短疑问部分用肯定形式。

B语法填空
（2021河北石家庄质量检测）Zhong Fangrong, whose score in the latest gaokao was among the best in China, reaffirmed her decision to major in archaeology on Tuesday, 1 (ignore) the head-shaking of shocked netizens.
Zhong could have chosen 2(virtual) any major at any university in the country. So it surprised people when she signed up for archaeology, one of the least popular 3(major) in China.
In a letter replying 4the famous Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi, Zhong expressed her desire to follow her heart, as Fan had done. Zhong said it was Fan 5gave her the confidence to study archaeology, and that she wanted to follow in Fan’s footsteps and devote 6(she) to the field.
Earlier this month, Zhong, a student from a small village, 7(make) the headlines for her high score. 8__(describe) as a "left-behind girl" by Chinese media, Zhong 9(raise) by her grandparents after her parents left their hometown to work in Guangzhou.
Some netizens were surprised by Zhong’s decision and said her 10(choose) would make it difficult for her to find a good job after graduation. In China, finance, science and advanced technology are thought to be more promising.
在2020年高考中成绩优异的留守女孩钟芳蓉毅然决然地选择了考古专业,此事引起了网友的热议。

1.ignoring考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词为reaffirmed,空处为非谓语动词,ignore与其逻辑主语Zhong Fangrong之间为主谓关系,所以填ignoring。

2.virtually考查副词。

分析句子结构可知,空处修饰整个句子,应用副词,所以填virtually。

virtually意为"事实上"。

3.majors考查名词单复数。

"one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"为固定表达,意为"最……的……之一",所以填majors。

4.to考查介词。

reply to为固定表达,意为"回复",所以空处应该填to。

5.who/that考查强调句。

分析句子结构可知,此处形成了强调句型"It be+被强调部分+who/that+句子剩余部分"。

其中被强调部分为表示人的Fan,故此处填who/that。

6.herself考查反身代词。

devote oneself to sb./sth.为固定表达,意为"致力,献身",所以空处填herself。

7.made考查谓语动词的时态和语态。

分析句子结构可知,make作句子的谓语,结合时间状语Earlier this month可知,时态应为一般过去时,钟芳蓉成为新闻焦点,应用主动语态,所以填made。

8.Described考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词,describe与其逻辑主语Zhong为动宾关系,所以空处填Described。

9.was raised考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。

根据整篇文章的时态并结合语境可知,本句需要用一般过去时;钟芳蓉是由爷爷奶奶抚养长大,表被动;主语Zhong为单数,所以填was raised。

10.choice考查词形转换。

空前为形容词性物主代词her,因此空处需要填名词,所以填choice。

优点英语。