在英语中如何表达年龄
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当你遇到新朋友、自我介绍或与熟人闲聊时,谈论你的年龄几乎是不可避免的,用英语表达年龄有以下几种方法。
一、be + 基数词 + years old 或 years of age,其中 years old 或 years of age 可以省略,例如:
现在时:
A: How old are you?
你多大了?
B: I'm 35 (years old/years of age).
我35岁了。
过去式:
A: How old were you when you visited Spain?
去西班牙时你几岁?
B: I was 22 (years old/years of age).
那时我22岁了。
将来时:
A: How old will you be when you start college?
当你开始上大学时你几岁?
B: I will be 18 (years old/years of age).
我将是18岁。
现在完成时:
A: How long have you been 30 (years old/years of age)?
你30岁多久了?
B: I have only been 30 (years old/years of age) for 1 day! My birthday was yesterday.
我才30岁一天!我的生日是昨天。
过去完成时:
A: How long had you been 16 (years old/years of age) before you started driving?
在你开车前,你16岁多久了?
B: I had only been 16 (years old/years of age) for 1 day because I got my license almost immediately.
我刚满16岁才一天,因为我马上就拿到了驾照。
将来完成时:
A: How long will you have been 23 (years old/years of age) after you graduate from university?
大学毕业后,你将已经23多久了?
B: I will have been 23 (years old/years of age) for only one month.
我将23岁才一个月。
情态动词 have to 和 should:
A: How old do you have to be to drive in China?
在中国,你必须多大才能开车?
B: I have to be at least 18 (years old/years of age).
我至少得18岁。
千万不要使用 have/has:
误:I have 35 (years old/years of age).
二、at + 基数词或 at the age of + 基数词,通常用于在讨论过去或将来的某个年龄,例如:
1、at + 基数词:
过去完成时:
At 21 (years old/years of age), I had already traveled to 15 countries. 21岁时,我已经去过15个国家。
过去时:
I started driving at 16 (years old/years of age).
我16岁开始开车。
将来时:
At 35 (years old/years of age), I will be a professional singer.
35岁时,我将成为一名职业歌手。
I will be a millionaire at 40 (years old/years of age).
我将在40岁时成为百万富翁。
2、at the age of + 基数词:
He died in a nursing home at the age of 87.
他在一家养老院去世,享年87岁。
At the age of 18, she won first prize in a talent contest.
18岁那年,她在一次大奖赛中获得一等奖。
He started piano lessons at the age of 7.
他7岁开始上钢琴课。
也可以使用 at age + 基数词,比较简洁但是没有 at the age of + 基数词正式:
He is at age twenty.
他二十岁。
三、turn + 基数词,可以省略 years old,通常用于讨论年龄的变化,主要用于将来时,少数也可以用于过去式,例如:
将来时:
How old will you be turning? I’ll be turning 30 on my next birthday. 你将多大岁数?我下个生日就满30岁了。
将来完成时:
A: Will you have turned 30 by the time you start your company?
到你创办公司的时候,你将已经30岁了吗?
B: 肯定回答:Yes, I will have turned 30.
是的,我已经30岁了。
否定回答:No, I will not have turned 30.
不,我将还没30岁。
过去完成时:
A: Had you turned 21 when you lived abroad?
你在国外住的时候21岁了吗?
B: 肯定回答:Yes, I had turned 21.
是的,我已经21岁了。
否定回答:No, I hadn’t turned 21.
不,我还没满21岁。
四、定语从句来描述年龄,引导词为代词 that 和 who, years old 可以省略,例如:
I taught a student last week who was 10 (years old).
上周我教了一个10岁的学生。
People that are under 25 (years old) have to pay more for car insurance. 25岁以下的人必须为汽车保险付更多的钱。
五、“基数词-month | year-old" 作形容词修饰语,year 后面不能
加”s“,中间的破折号”-“不能省略,例如:
My 7-year-old cousin speaks 4 languages.
我7岁的表妹会说4种语言。
His 5-year-old kid can ride a bicycle.
他5岁的孩子会骑自行车。
Lily is an eighteen-year-old girl.
莉莉是一个十八岁的女孩。
The 10-month-old baby is able to walk by his own.
这个10个月大的婴儿能自己走路。
六、表示”在某人几十岁“,用 in one's + 基数词复数形式,例如:
He is in his sixties.---->从60岁到69岁之间他六十多岁。
She is in her fifties.---->从50岁到59岁之间她五十多岁。
还可以借助 early,middle,late 来表达得更明确一些,例如:
He is in his middle teens.
他今年十四、五岁。
She was then already in her late thirties.
她那时已经有三十七八岁了。
Mother and son lost contact when Nicholas was in his early twenties. 尼古拉斯20岁出头的时候母子就失去了联系。
in one's teens 指13-19,例如:
He started making crosswords when he was in his teens.
他从十几岁就开始创作字谜游戏了。
七、aged + 基数词,意为”......岁“,例如:
They have two children aged six and nine.
他们有两个小孩,一个六岁,一个九岁。
Dutch police told off two of the gang, aged 10 and 11.
荷兰警方对一帮小混混中的两个人进行了训诫,他们一个10岁,另一个11岁。
八、表示”年龄段“
1、低于某个年龄,用 aged + 基数词 + and under、aged under + 基数、under the age of + 基数词,例如:
Adolescents under the age of 18 may not work in jobs that require the m to drive.
未满18岁者不得从事需要开车的工作。
There are now seven million more boys than girls aged under six in the country.
印度6岁以下的孩子中,男孩比女孩多出700万。
表达快接近某个年龄时,可以用副词 barely,nearly,almost,quite,yet,just 等,例如:
She is barely/nearly/almost seventeen.
她差不多十七岁了。
She is not quite/yet seventeen.
她还不到十七岁。
She is just under seventeen.
她不到十七岁。
表示“差多久满多少岁”用介词off,例如:
He is five months off nineteen.
他差5个月就满19岁了。
She is three years off fifty.
她再过3年就50岁了。
2、在某两个年龄之间,用 aged + between + 基数词 + and + 基数词、aged + 基数词 + ”-“ + 基数词,例如:
The three accused, aged between 19 and 20, are charged with attempted murder.
3个年龄在19到20岁之间的被告被控谋杀未遂。
Amsterdam is fun — a third of its population is aged between 18 and 30.
阿姆斯特丹非常有趣——它有1/3的人口年龄介于18到30岁之间。
The percent of adolescents aged 12-19 years with obesity is 20.6%.
12-19岁肥胖青少年比例是20.6%
3、高于某个年龄,用 aged +基数词 + and older 或 over、aged + over + 基数词、over the age of + 基数词、past + 基数词或名词 + age,例如:
The old people aged over sixty are now admitted to the park free of cha nge.
六十岁以上的老人现在允许免费进公园了。
People aged 60 and over are granted permission to some scenic areas for free.
60岁及以上人士可免费进入部分景区。
Most people over the age of 30 probably have similar instincts, particula rly in the UK.
多数30岁以上的人可能都有类似的本能反应,尤其是在英国。
表达超过某个年龄,可以用介词 past,例如:
She's long past retirement age.
她早已超过了退休年龄。
He is past fifty.
他已年过50。
He is a man past middle age.
他是一个过了中年的人。
The baby is two months past two years old.
那孩子两岁零两个月。
或者用 something 表示,例如:
He is thirty something (years old).
他三十多岁了。
九、描述每个年龄段的单词
babyhood 婴儿期
A series of photographs on their mantelpiece show their daughter's pro gression from babyhood to adolescence.
壁炉台上放着他们的女儿从婴孩期成长到青春期的一系列照片。
infant/baby 婴幼儿 (刚出生、1岁以内的孩子)
She was seriously ill as an infant.
她年幼时曾患重病。
infancy 婴幼儿期
Her youngest child died in infancy.
她最小的孩子在幼年就夭折了。
toddler 学步儿童(1到3岁学着走路的孩子)
A toddler requires close supervision and firm control at all times.
刚学步的孩子时刻需要寸步不离的照看,并要牢牢看紧。
toddlerhood 学步期
The researchers were particularly interested in what happened between babyhood and toddlerhood.
研究人员对婴儿期和学步的时期特别感兴趣。
preschooler 学前儿童(3到5岁的孩子)
Don't have time to read your preschooler a book before bedtime?
没时间在睡觉之前给你的孩子讲故事吗?
early childhood 幼儿期
The emotional wounds of early childhood leave ineradicable scars.
童年早期的情感创伤留下了难以抚平的伤痕。
school children 学龄儿童(6到12岁已经开始上学的孩子)
We haven't specifically targeted school children.
我们尚未特意把学生定为我们的目标。
middle childhood 童年中期
During middle childhood, aggressive behavior, and peer relationships b oth are important goals of social development.
攻击行为和同伴关系都是问童年中期儿童社会性发展的重要内容。
tween 十一二岁的孩子(处于10到12岁,也就是儿童中期到青春期之前年龄段的孩子)
Your tween daughter came home from a friend's house wearing makeu p.
您的女儿正处于青春期,突然有一天从朋友家化着妆回到家。
preadolescence 青春期前期(9到12)
teenager 十几岁的少年(13到19岁)
The teenager may have been abducted by a religious cult.
这个少年可能被一个异教组织绑架了。
adolescence 青春期
Some people become very self-conscious in adolescence.
有些人在青春期会变得异常害羞。
thresholder/young adult 刚成年的年轻人(18岁到24岁之间的年轻人,青少年和成年人的混合体)
I'm guessing he's a young adult.
我估计他是个年轻人。
twenty something 二十来岁的年轻人(20到29岁之间的年轻人)
It's a show about four twenty something women living in New York, nav igating the bridge between college and real life.
该剧讲述了四位20岁左右的纽约女孩,正行走在从大学校园通往现实社会的道路上。
youth 青年
He had been a talented musician in his youth.
他年轻时很有音乐天才。
in one's thirties 三十多岁/而立之年的人(30-39岁的人)
thirties 而立之年
the middle-aged 中年人(40到60岁人群)
The middle-aged may have minds too agile for you.
你可能会觉得中年人的思想太机敏。
middle age 中年
Some of the diseases of middle age may be prevented by improving nu trition.
中年时期的一些疾病可以通过改善营养的方式来预防。
the elderly 老年人(60岁以上人群)
The elderly live in fear of assault and murder.
老人们生活在对袭击和谋杀的恐惧之中。
old age 老年
Old age can bring many problems.
人老麻烦多。