初中英语阅读理解专项技巧 (共32张PPT)

[问题]Which of the following years is the Year of the Dragon?
A. 1988
B. 1998
C. 2008
D. 2018
【解析】数字推算题。根据文章倒数第二句可知2012年是龙
年。12年是一个轮回, 可计算出1988年是龙年。
2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
猜测词义题
该题型考查通过
上下文判断词义的能
力。词义题的考查有
根据转折、因果关系猜测词义
两种: 超纲词含义的
推断和熟词生义的推 通过同义词和反义词的关系及构词法
断。中考通常有一至
两题这样的题型。 通过定义或释义描述关系来推测词义
根据上下文的意思来猜测
一、根据上下文意思猜测词义 [范例](2013·青岛中考)
talk about much news in A .
A. Qingdao B. Hong Kong C. Shanghai D. Beijing
【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍好的新闻稿件应该与读者生 活密切相关, 故青岛人关心更多的应该是青岛的事。故选A。
数字推算题
[范例](2012·中考模拟题)
猜测词义
段落
He is so homely，_n_o_t _a_t _a_ll_a_s___ h_a_n_d_s_o_m_ e as his brother.
分析
根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测 出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意 思。
猜测词义
四、通过构词法猜词
She’s gone, even though she had never stopped struggling with cancer. Heaven just got another beautiful angel, with her beautiful voice and kindness.
33.Moby Dick is______.
问题
A.a story written by Heman Melville B. a sailor
C. the name of a white whale
D. a famous dinosaur
【解析】选C。事实细节题。
主旨归纳题
议论文和说明文的主 题句经常在开头或结尾。 记叙文往往没有主题句， 需要在读懂全文、体会 作者用意的基础上进行 概括。
对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、 表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点 符号引出并加以解释说明。
段落 分析
The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，i_t _ca_n s_w_im__i_n_t_he__ic_y_w_a_t_er_t_o_c_a_tc_h_t_h_e_fi_sh_.
❖1
Not only a popular singer was Yao Beina, but also she was an energetic and warm-hearted angel. She had her corneas donated to two men who needed them, which helped them see the world clearly again.
These two festivals come every year,_b_u_t_t_h_e _Y_ea_r_o_f_t_h_e_D_r_a_g_on__ c_o_m_e_s_e_ve_r_y_t_w_e_lv_e_y_ears.
...
T_h_i_s _y_ea_r_(_2_01_2_)_is the Year of the Dragon. Good luck to you!
Yao Beina was unfortunate to be diagnosed（诊断） with breast cancer (乳腺癌) and had a successful operation in 2011. Since then, she has fought against the disease for about four years while keeping singing, but sadly she failed. She originally thought of donating all of her organs (器官) to save others’ lives, but failed to do it because of her serious illness.
readers. _P_eo_p_l_e _a_re_m__o_st_ly__in_t_er_e_st_e_d_i_n_n_e_w_s_th_a_t_h_a_p_p_e_n_s _n_ea_r_to t_h_em__. _That is why you care more about what happens at your school than that at American schools. It is also why newspapers in Beijing don’t talk about much news in Shanghai or Hong Kong. . . . [问题]According to the writer, newspaper in Qingdao should
1
快速阅读短文，通读测试题。
阅 读
2 认真逐题作答。
技
巧
3 仔细校对所选答案。
细节理解题
what
who
when where
有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、 某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行 提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接 在文章中找到答案。提问的特殊疑 问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。中考阅读理 解的题大部分是这样的题型，答案 基本能在原文中找到，答题时需要 注意关键词、关键句、关键段落。
waiter 猜测词义
推理判断题
该题型考查通过文章表层信 息推测其隐含信息的能力, 要求 学生揣摩作者的意图。虽不能在 原文中找答案, 但有间接的暗示 和线索。中考这样的题有一至两 题，很难得分。
推理判断题
[范例](2013·中考模拟题) . . . A news story is not only correct, but also relevant to its
There are also some traditional festivals about dragons in
China. Such as Dragon Head-Raising Day and Dragon Boat
Festival. We have different kinds of activities to celebrate them.
（A2）011. T5h年e w中ord考“c英orn语eas阅” in读th理e p解ass复age习pr热oba点bly素m材ean拓s__展__.
A. 眼角膜 B. 器官 C. 心脏 D. 肾脏
（C）2.Yao was born in a __________ family on Sept. 26, 1981 in
why
how
细节理解题
[范例](2014·青岛中考)
原文
In the book, a sailor named Captain Ahab spends a lot of time trying to find and kill enormous w_h_it_e_w_h_a_le_n_a_m_e_d_ M__o_by__D_ic_k_._
从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是 一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽 地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
猜测词义
三、通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
同义法 常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或 or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的 或递进的，由此可以推测。反义法 如 hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句为肯 定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互 为线索的作用。
Wuhan.
A. doctor B. farmer
C. music D. worker
（C）3. How old was Yao Beina when she she competed in The Voice
2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展
She became well-known to the public after making a series of songs for the hit TV drama “The Legend of Zhenhuan” in 2012, and the mandarin version (中文版本) of “Let It Go” from Disney’s “Frozen”. In July 2013, she competed in The Voice of China II and finally got the second place in Na Ying’s team. She had won a lot of music awards before she was famous.
Yao was born in a music family on Sept. 26, 1981 in Wuhan. She started to learn the piano at the age of 4, and she sang her first song on the stage when she was 9 years old. Yao did quite well in singing, so she took part in the thirteenth Youth Singing Competition and won the first prize.
前缀un-表反义词 后缀-ment表名词
后缀-er、-or表名词
happy unhappy， fair unfair， important
unimportant
develop development， state statement， argue
argument
visit visitor，
work worker， wait
原文：Sam was a fifteen-year-old boy living with his little sister, Julie. Th_e_ir_p_a_re_n_ts_p_a_ss_e_d_a_w_a_y_long ago. S_a_m_h_a_d_t_ak_e_n_c_a_re_o_f_J_u_lie__by__hi_m_s_e_lf_…___
根据上下文的意思来猜测答案
考题：28.“Their parents passed away long ago” means “ Their parents _A___ long ago.” A. died B. went on C. left home D. passed by
猜测词义
二、通过定义或释义描述关系来推测词义
❖阅读理解 ❖答题指导
猜测词义题
阅 读
细节理解题
理
解
主旨归纳题
题
型
推理判断题
❖阅读能力课标要求：
❖1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词 的含义。
❖2、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
❖3、能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节 ，预测故事清洁的发展和可能的结局。
❖4、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读 策略获取信息
中考阅读理解这样的题 有两至三题。
主旨归纳题
1
50. The main idea of this article is about____.
2
30.What is the story mainly about?
3
35. The passage is mainly about _______.
2012年青岛中考 2013年青岛中考 2014年青岛中考