大学英语精读教程 Book 4 Unit 5

2. conceal vt. 隐瞒
e.g. She concealed her fear from the young members of the family. I knew at once that the doctor was concealing something from me. Note: conceal … from …

2. expose vt. make known揭露；暴露
ex-
: prefix向外 e.g. The newspaper exposed the activities of the secret organization. After the scandal was exposed, Mr. Johnson and his wife both committed suicide. Note: expose … to … exposure n.
9. at times: sometimes; once in a while 间或，偶尔
e.g. We have noodles for lunch at times. As my father is getting on in years, he gets very sleepy at times.
4. dwarf n. 矮子；矮小的动 (植)物
e.g. The dwarf sees farther than the giant, when he has the giant’s shoulders to mount on. They are dwarfs beside Shakespeare.
16. betrayt betrayed when the President went back on his promise not to raise taxes. Who could have thought that he had betrayed his best friend to the enemy?

suspicious a.
7. illusory a. 虚幻的 contrary a. 相反的；对抗的
–ary, -ory : suffixes, used to form an adj. 用以构成形容 词 Ex. 10 P 105
8. age-old久为人知的；古老 的
a
compound adjective (a noun + an adjective) Ex. 11 P106
5. recover vi. 痊愈，复元， 恢复健康
e.g. He’s home now recovering from a heart attack. He has just recovered from a severe illness. Note: recover from recovery (from) n.
e.g. The mountaineers took every precaution to minimize the dangers of their climbing. Note: minimize vt. maximize vt. minimum n. a. maximum n. a.
9. in one’s eyes: 在某人眼 里，在某人看来
e.g.
Tony is over 30 now, but in the eyes of his parents, he is still a child. In the eyes of the law, it is theft to take anything that does not belong to you. ( according to … )
6. uphold vt. 支撑；维护
e.g. The law upholds everybody’s right to be fairly treated. They are trying their best to uphold traditional moral values.
7. corruption n. 腐化；道德 败坏
5. brutal a. very cruel 残 忍的；蛮横的
e.g. The captain was a brutal man and everyone was afraid of his brutal behavior. We have to face the brutal fact that Jim is going to die very soon.
The doctor has told us that Peter’s condition is very grave and he will probably die. The doctor’s face was grave when he told us the news.
14. document vt. 用文件证 明
Unit 5
To Lie or Not to Lie – The Doctor’s Dilemma 撒谎还是不撒谎—— 医生的难题
I. Word Building
1. benefit vt. do good to; be good for 有益于，对…有利 e.g. The new policy of the government will benefit the majority of the people. The new hospital will benefit the local community.
dwarf vt. 使矮小，使相形见 绌
e.g. The newly-built 40-story hotel dwarfs all the other buildings nearby. The brilliance of his poetry dwarfed the accomplishments of his contemporaries.
e.g.
The President pledged to fight government corruption.
8. confront vt. face (勇敢 地)面对；对抗
e.g. We are confronting some complicated problems now. He was well aware that he was confronting serious opposition from his opponents within the party. Note: confront sb. with … be confronted with
11. utter vt. 发出；说；讲； 表达
e.g. When the danger was over, she uttered a sigh of relief. He uttered a cry of fear when the dog suddenly charged at him.
6. suspicion n. doubt 怀疑
e.g. The young man was arrested on suspicion of theft. The behavior of the foreigner aroused the policeman’s suspicion. Note: suspect v. n.
II. Language points and text analysis
1. dilemma n. 窘境，进退两 难
e.g. Mary was in a dilemma as to whether to go to the party or stay at home to prepare for next week’s exams. He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to go back Russia. be in a dilemma: 处于进退两难之境地 put … into a dilemma: 使…处于进退维 谷之境地
3. promote vt. 促进，推进； 提升
pro- : prefix forward 向前 e.g. The government was criticized for not paying enough attention to environmental protection while promoting economic growth. He has been promoted twice since joining the army 6 years ago. Note: be promoted to a certain position: 被提升到某个新职位
17. convey vt. 转达，传达 (思想、感情等)
e.g.
I can’t convey my feeling in words. This picture will convey to you some idea of the beauty of the West Lake. Please convey my best wishes to your parents.
e.g. Can you document your theory with facts? The lawyer gathered enough evidence to document the charges.
15. contrary to: 与…相反
e.g. Everything he has done is contrary to what he said he would do. Contrary to popular belief, the desert can be a beautiful place.
Note:
benefit vi. benefit from: 从…中受益 e.g. These small businesses have benefited from the fall in interest rates. beneficial a. benefit n. 利益，好处，有益 for the benefit of: 为了… profit n. 一般指金钱
12. distort vt. 歪曲
e.g.
You’ve distorted what I
said.

The newspaper gave a distorted account of what had happened.
13. grave a. serious 严重 的；严肃的
e.g.
3. lines (of work): 行业
e.g. Nancy has been in the line of public relations for more than 5 years. Janet hasn’t made up her mind about which line of work to select; she is equally qualified to be a teacher or a journalist.

考题：
The government is trying to do something to ____ better understanding between the two countries. a. increase b. heighten c. promote d. raise
4. minimize vt. 使减到最小 /最低程度，估计得最低