2018-2019-Contribution of Coeducation英语作文-优秀word范文 (2页)
英国海外课程都有哪些【2】
英国海外课程都有哪些【2】Want to gain a UK qualification outside the UK?Each year, over 590,000 students worldwide gain a UK qualification – without travelling to the UK.There are countless advantages to a UK qualification, but for many students, moving to study in the UK is not possible.The good news is that many UK universities, colleges and schools offer courses and qualifications that are taught or awarded overseas (sometimes called ‘transnational education’ or TNE).一、Why study for a UK qualification overseas?Reputation and quality: UK education standards are respected by employers and academics worldwide – UK schools, colleges and universities consistently rank highly for quality of education, student satisfaction and employment prospects.There are rigorous quality assurance systems, and courses delivered overseas by recognised UK schools, colleges and universities are subject to the same standards as those taught within the UK.Cost: Choosing a UK qualification delivered overseas can be more cost-effective than studying in the UK. You can save on airfare, and living costs such as accommodation may be cheaper. You can also continue working if you choose to study part-time and work alongside your studies.Career: Gaining a UK qualification will boost your employment prospects –in the 2013 QS Rankings, employers ranked five UK universities in the global top 10, and UK-educated international graduates have higher average salaries. Many international students study for a UK qualification part-timealongside a job – this lets you build experience in the workplace and progress in your career while studying.You’ll also benefit from studying in English, gaining international exposure (on a UK course delivered overseas, you’re likely to meet lecturers and students from around the world), and gaining the skills in critical thinking and innovation that all UK degrees offer.Flexibility: There are thousands of undergraduate, postgraduate and professional qualifications to choose from, available full-time or part-time.Studying closer to home means you can stay close to friends and family. For the experience of living abroad, however, you could choose a programme that allows you to complete part of your course in the UK – the best of both worlds!二、What are the options?Distance or online learningIn distance learning programmes, classes might be conducted online via forums, instant messaging, social media, blogs and email. Some have ‘virtual’ lectures and seminars, where students participate through webcams. You might also receive course materials in print or on CD. These courses are ideal for part-time study, but you need to be disciplined to ensure you complete all assignments and projects on time.A growing number of universities in the UK are offering students the chance to do some of their course as a MOOC (Massive Open Online Course). A MOOC is an online week-by-week course, offering you the chance to interact directly with university tutors. It's usually free to take part in a MOOC, although you have to pay for a certificate at the end.Mostly, you won't be able to do an entire degree as a MOOC.However, increasing numbers of UK universities are offering students the chance to convert MOOCs into degree credits.Successful course takers might also get a special offer if they want to go on to enroll at the university. Some universities also offer scholarships or part-scholarships for students who do extremely well in their MOOC.International branch campusesSeveral UK universities, colleges and schools have a campus or academic buildings in other countries. These campuses often have a real UK atmosphere – lessons are taught in English, and some teachers and other students may be from the UK. This is a great way to experience student life, plus you’ll receive the same qualification as if you had studied in the UK.Franchised programmesSometimes known as a 3+0 programme (meaning you do the full three years in one place, and spend no time in the UK), this is a UK degree course studied entirely at a local institution. The UK university or college will license a local institution to teach the course –this means the UK institution oversees academic standards and awards the final certification, but students don’t need to attend the UK campus.TwinningStudents on twinning programmes will spend some time in the UK. These are joint study programmes, where students study at one institution and transfer to the other at a specified stage. Twinning programmes are available as 2+1 (two years spent studying locally and one spent overseas), 1+2 (the other way around), 1.5+1.5 (splitting your time equally), or another balance depending on the length of your course.ValidationIn this arrangement, the course is entirely developed and taught by a local institution, and validated by a UK institution. Although the UK institution may not deliver the same course, there is a strict system of accreditation to ensure the award is of the same standard as other UK awards at the same level.Joint, double or dual degreesThese programmes are jointly developed and recognised by two or more institutions. The local institution might have teaching staff from the UK, and some courses include a year abroad. At the end of the programme, students receive either separate degrees from the two institutions (dual award), or a degree that’s awarded jointly from both (joint award).Credit transferSometimes called ‘articulation’, this means a UK institution recognises the ‘credits’ a student has ga ined from studying at a local institution. You might start studying in your home country and build up three or four credits for each subject you take, for example, then transfer these credits and continue your studies in the UK.Top-up programmesIf you hold a 'sub-degree' which is recognised in the UK (such as an HND or Associate degree) from a local institution, with a ‘top-up’ programme you may be able to convert this into a UK bachelor’s degree in 9 to 18 months (compared to three years for a full UK ba chelor’s programme).Full-time or part-timeMany of these courses could be studied either full-time or part-time. For undergraduate degrees, this means you could study full-time and complete the course in three years, or study part-time (evenings and weekends) for five or six years. You couldcomplete a master’s degree in one year full-time, or two years part-time.三、Finding and choosing a UK course delivered overseasWhen choosing a course, check that the UK provider is a reputable school, college or university that is recognised by the UK government and education bodies.Online/distance learningThe Open and Distance Learning Quality Council (ODLQC) sets standards for distance learning and home study courses, and can give you a list of the education providers that have been assessed.You can also find thousands of online and distance-learning UK courses with our course search tool. Just select the level and subject you want to study, then filter your search results by ‘study mode’ (on the left side of the s creen, check the box for ‘Distance/Online’).UK courses around the worldUK courses are available in many countries around the world. Three of the most popular destinations are Singapore, Hong Kong and Malaysia:UK courses in SingaporeIn Singapore, over 50 UK universities have partnered with more than 120 Singaporean education institutions, offering 1,150 UK qualifications to Singaporean and international students. In total, 52,000 students are enrolled on UK courses here, studying for degrees in business, hospitality and tourism, accounting, marketing and media, IT and much more – plus MBAs and other postgraduate qualifications.UK courses in Hong KongOver 30,000 students are studying for a UK qualification inHong Kong, with a choice of over 700 courses, and numbers are growing every year. The UK offers 60% of non-local programmes in Hong Kong, with high-quality teaching and facilities. Many top UK universities offer full degree programmes through local partners, and there are courses accredited by professional organisations such as the Chartered Institute of Marketing and the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants.The UK is the leading provider of international qualification programmes in Malaysia, with more than 58,000 students enrolled in over 800 courses annually –from pre-university through to postgraduate and professional qualifications. Malaysia is fast becoming a leading international education hub, and the UK qualifications offered here are among the best in the world.。
各类奖学金的英文翻译
奖学金名称中英文对照表一、校内奖学金国家奖学金: National Scholarship国家励志奖学金：National Scholarship for Encouragement校一等奖：The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖：The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖：The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金：Individual Scholarship二、捐赠奖学金千金药业奖学金The Qianjin Pharmaceutical Scholarship奇瑞21世纪东方之子奖学金The 21st Century Chery Oriental Son Scholarship台骅奖学金The TaiHua Scholarship澳洲校友会奖学金The Australian Alumni Association Scholarship松下电器育英基金奖学金The Panasonic Electronics YUYING Fund Scholarship 陈翠娥优秀贫困医学本科生奖学金The ChenCuie Scholarship for excellent medical undergraduates under poverty黄金城、朱嘉梨夫妇医学奖学金The Medical Scholarship of Huang Jincheng and his wife Zhu Jiali中国宋庆龄基金会宝马优秀大学生奖学金The BMW China Song Ching Ling Foundation Scholarship for Outstanding University Students (The BMW Scholarship) 许崇清奖学金The Xu Chongqing Scholarship商承祚奖学金The Shang Chengzuo Scholarship汇丰银行The HSBC Bank Scholarship珠海可口可乐优秀学生奖学金The Zhuhai Coca-Cola Scholarship for Outstanding Students香港加拿大同学会奖学金The Scholarship of Canadian Alumni Association in Hong Kong南方都市报新闻奖学金The Southern Metropolis Daily News Scholarship住友商事奖学金The Sumitomo Corporation Scholarship三星奖学金The Samsung Scholarship丰田奖学金The Toyota Scholarship宝钢教育基金优秀学生奖学金The Baogang Scholarship花旗金融信息科技优秀奖学金The Citi Bank’s Financial Information Technology Scholarship.中国惠普优秀学生奖学金The HP Chinese Excellent Student ScholarshipIBM中国优秀学生奖学金The IBM Chinese Excellent Student Scholarship恒生银行奖学金The Hang Seng Bank ScholarshipLG化学奖学金The LG Chemical Scholarship时代地产奖学金The Times Real Estate Scholarship邹鲁奖学金The Zou Lu Scholarship李龙镳奖学金The Lee Yong-Biao Scholarship杜邦奖学金The Dupont Scholarship爱普生基金奖学金The EPSON Foundation Scholarship广东柯麟医学教育基金优秀学生奖学金The Guangdong KeLin Medical Education Fund Scholarship for Outstanding Students光华教育奖学金The GuangHua Educational Scholarship卫生部国际交流与合作中心.第一三共医药学奖学金The Medical Scholarship by Daiichi-Sankyo Corporation广州赛莱拉生物基因工程优秀学生奖学金Guangzhou Celera Biology Genetic Engineering Scholarship for Outstanding Students中山医美东校友会优秀本科生奖学金The Scholarship of Zhongshan Medical Alumni Association of the United States and East for Outstanding Undergraduate文鹏凌夫妇医学奖学金The Wen Pengling Couple Medical Scholarship刘焯霖神经病学奖学金The Liu Zhuolin Neurology Scholarship许天禄夫妇奖学金The Xu Tianlu Couple Scholarship周肇平骨科奖学金The Zhou Zhaoping Orthopedic Scholarship平安励志奖学金Ping An Endeavourers Scholarship雷诺丽特奖学金The Renolit Scholarship大新银行The Dah Sing Bank Scholarship三井住友银行奖学金The Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) Scholarship;亚洲教育慈善基金奖学金The Asia Education Charitable Fund Scholarship钱剑辉神经病学奖学金The Qian Jianhui Neurology Scholarship佐丹奴奖学金The Giordano Scholarship卫材（中国）药业奖学金The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Scholarship卫材（中国）药业优秀学生奖学金The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Scholarship for outstanding students卫材（中国）药业社会活动单项奖学金The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Individual Scholarship for social activities南富士杉山播种奖学金The South Fujitsu Sugiyama Planting Scholarship郭沫若奖学金 Guo Moruo Scholarship亿利达实验奖学金 Elite Experiment Scholarship震雄工业奖学金 Zhenxiong Industry Scholarship优秀毕业生奖学金 Outstanding Graduate Scholarship北京联想奖学金 Beijing Legend Scholarship宝钢教育奖学金 Bao Gang Education Scholarship宝洁奖学金 P&G Scholarship张宗植科技奖学金 Zhang Zongzhi Sci-Tech Scholarship中国科学院奖学金 CAS Scholarship荣事达—三洋奖学金 RSD-Sanyo Scholarship华为奖学金 Hua Wei Scholarship联想集团奖学金 Legend Group ScholarshipCAST奖学金 CAST Scholarship何多慧院士奖学金 He Duohui Academician Scholarship方树泉奖学金 Fang Shuquan Scholarship地奥奖学金 Di Ao ScholarshipIET奖学金 IET Scholarship新生特别奖学金 Special Freshman Scholarship优秀新生奖学金(一等二等三等) Outstanding Freshman Scholarship (Grade 1, 2, 3 )中国科学技术大学海外校友基金会优秀新生奖学金 USTC Overseas Alumni Foundation Outstanding Student Scholarship华科光电子奖学金 Hua Ke Photoelectronics Scholarship中国友好和平发展基金会松下电器育英基金奖学金 China Goodwill & Peace Development Foundation Panasonic Electronics Talent Cultiuotion Foundation Scholarship求是研究生奖学金 Qiu Shi Graduate Student Scholarship三、港澳侨台奖学金The First/Second/Third Prize of Hong Kong, Macau and Overseas Chinese Scholarship四、优秀毕业生Outstanding Graduates Awards。
英文教材集合说明书
REFERENCESAry, Donald, et al. 2010.Introduction to Research in Education.Canada: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.Baraceros, L. Esther. 2000. Business Correspondence. Florentino ST,STA. Mesa height, Quezon City: Printing Company.IncBarbato, Joseph and Danille S. Furlich. 2000. Writing For A Good Cause. New York : Avenue Of The AmericasBond, Alan. 2005. 300+ Successful Business Letters for All Occsions. New York: Barron’sIsnenti. 2014. Bahan Ajar Bahasa Inggris Kelas XII. Padang: Dinas PendidikanCary, A John. 2002. Business Letters For Busy People 4th Edition. New York: Book-Mart PressCreswell, W John. 2012. Educational Research. Boston: PearsonCrowther, Mary Owens. 2000. How to Write Letter a Complete Guide to Correct Business and Personal Correspondence.: AllprintaDebasish, S. Swaroop and Bhagaban Das. 2009. Business Communication. New Delhi: Eastern Economy EditionFoster, Graham. 2010. The Writing Triangle: Planning, Revision, and Assessment.Markham,Ontario: Pembroke PublisherGarrido,Miguel. F. and Inmaculada Fortanet Gomes. 2006. EnglishCommunication For Business I. Castello De La Plana: Universitat JaumeGay , L,R and Peter Airasian. 2000. Educational Research Competence for Analysis and Application. New Jersey: Prentice_Hall CompanyGeffner, B. Andrea. 2007. How to Write Better Business Letters. New York: Barron’sGeffner, B. Andrea. 2010. Business English:The Writing Skills You Need For Today’s Workplace. New York: Barron’s Educational SeriesGuffey E llen.M and Richard Almonte. 2009. Essentials of BusinessCommunication. Canada: Nelson59Kishore, B.R. 2005. Dynamic Business Letter Writing. New Delhi: Diamond Pocket BookKleiser, Grenville. 2007. Exploring Business Letter. New Delhi: S.B NangiaKolin, C. Philip. 2011. Successful Writing at Work.:Concise Third EditionKoneru,Aruna. 2008. Professional Communication. New Delhi: Company Limited Paperback, Sterling. 2006. The Complete Guide To a Practical Guide To The Techniques of Effective Business Correspondence:Business Letter. New Delhi: SterlingRaimes, Ann and Susan Miller-Cochran. 2015. Keys for Writers with Assignment Guides.Roy, Jennifer and Sherri Mabry Gordon. 2012. Sharpen Your Business Letter Writing Skills.Scanlan, Eugene. A. 1997. Corporate and Foundation Fund Raising. New York: Library of Congres CatalogSmith, Jodene. 2007. Mastering Fifth Grade skills.New York: Teacher Created Resourches。
各种荣誉证书的英文翻译(2014-8-27)
英文简历里需要用到的奖项、比赛、荣誉等的翻译一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金—— National Scholarship国家励志奖学金National Encouragement scholarship校一等奖：The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖：The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖：The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金：Individual Scholarship三好学生标兵—— Pacemaker to Merit Student三好学生—— Merit Student学习优秀生—— Model Student of Academic Records突出才能奖—— Model Student of Outstanding Capacity先进个人—— Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者—— Excellent staff优秀学生干部—— Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员—— Excellent League Member优秀毕业生—— Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者—— Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体—— Advanced Class优秀团干—— Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部—— Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人—— Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人—— Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人—— Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities 道德风尚奖———— Ethic Award精神文明奖———— High Morality Prize最佳组织奖———— Prize for The Best Organization突出贡献奖———— Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖———— Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖———— Prize for The Team Contribution国家奖学金—— National Scholarship国家励志奖学金National Encouragement scholarship校一等奖：The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖：The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖：The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金：Individual Scholarship三好学生标兵—— Pacemaker to Merit Student三好学生—— Merit Student学习优秀生—— Model Student of Academic Records突出才能奖—— Model Student of Outstanding Capacity先进个人—— Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者—— Excellent staff优秀学生干部—— Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员—— Excellent League Member优秀毕业生—— Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者—— Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体—— Advanced Class优秀团干—— Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部—— Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人—— Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人—— Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人—— Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities 道德风尚奖———— Ethic Award精神文明奖———— High Morality Prize最佳组织奖———— Prize for The Best Organization突出贡献奖———— Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖———— Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖———— Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系（Foreign Language Department）:话剧比赛———— Drama competition英语演讲比赛—— English Speech Contest八系辩论赛———— Eight Departments Invitational Debate Competition 黑板报设计大赛—— Blackboard Poster Design ContestPPT设计大赛—— CoursewareDesign Competition文明宿舍———— Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛—— OK Cup forBasketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛——“My Heart Flies” Singing Competition中文系( Department of Chinese Language and Literature)：诗歌朗诵比赛—— Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛—— Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛———— Photography Competition金话筒比赛————“Golden Microphone” Competition兴我中华演讲比赛—— Speech Competition on Revitalizing China课件比赛———— Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛———— Press Writing Contest足球比赛———— Football Match三笔比赛———— Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛—— Knitting Contest on Winter Environmental Protection数学系(Department of Mathematics )：登山比赛———— Mountain-climbing Competition网络工程师———— Network Engineer Certification全国建模比赛—— National Mathematical Modeling Contest知识风采比赛—— Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛—— CoursewareDesign Competition经济管理系(The Department of Economics & Management)：辩论赛———— Debate Competition创业大赛———— Venture Contest政法系（Politics and Law Department）：党团知识竞赛———— Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League 政法论坛———— Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动————Series of Activities in “Golden Season模拟法庭———— Moot Court演讲比赛———— Speech Competition征文比赛———— Essay Competition计算机科学系（Computer Science Department）：网页设计大赛———— Web Page Design Competition辩论赛—————— Debate Competition软件设计大赛———— Software Design Competition多媒体课件设计大赛—— Multimedia Courseware Design Competition 网站设计竞赛———— Web Design Competition电子科学系（Electronic Science Department）：演讲比赛———— Speech Contest电子设计大赛———— Electronic Design Contest服装系（Textile and Fashion Department）：服装创意设计大赛—— Garment Design Competition毕业设计大赛———— Graduation Design Competition发表论文———— Publications专利证书———— Patent服装设计大赛———— Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛———— Swimming Suit Design Competition手提包设计大赛—— Handbag Design Competition服装创意设计大赛Creative Garment Design Competition生命科学系(Department of Life Science）：实验技能操作大赛—— Experiment Skill and Operation Contest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛——The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系(Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering）：建筑文化节———— Architectural Culture Festival建筑设计竞赛———— Architectural Design Competition钢笔画比赛———— Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛———— Festival Logo Design Contest“五佳”歌手活动————“Best Five” Singer Activities友谊篮球赛———— Friendship Cup Basketball Match工程测量比赛———— Engineering Survey Competition班际足球赛———— Inter-class Football Match省大学生科技竞赛—— Science and Technology Contest for Province College Students 十佳学生活动组织—— Top Ten Student Activities Organization十大学生修身楷模—— Ten Model Students of Self-cultivation学生科研创新奖———— Student Award for Research and Innovation棋王大赛—————— Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛———— E-Society Feisi Cup Architectural Renderings Computer DesignContest化学工程系(Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology)：“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛—— Flying Fox Cup 8 departments Invitational Debate Competition 女子篮球赛———— Women's Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛—— Chemistry and Chemical Experiment Skills Competition for Collegesin Guangdong旅游管理系(Tourism and Management Department):导游技能大赛———— Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛—— Tourist Route Design Competition党团知识竞赛———— Knowledge Contests about the CPC and the CYLC礼仪风采大赛———— Manner and Etiquette Contest体育系(Department of Sports):体育文化节———— Physical Culture Festival音乐系(Music Department)相声小品大赛———— Crosstalk and Sketch Contest班际篮球赛———— Inter-class Basketball Match三、证书大学英语四级—— CET4 (College English Test Band 4 Certificate)大学英语六级———— CET6 (College English Test Band 6 Certificate)英语专业四级———— TEM4 (Test for English Major Grade 4 Certificate)英语专业八级———— TEM8 (Test for English Major Grade 8 Certificate)普通话等级考试———— National Mandarin Test (Level 1, 2, 3; Grade A,B,C)日语能力考试———— Japanese Language Proficiency Test (Level 1, ２, ３, ４)商务日语能力考试—— Business Japanese Proficiency Test商务英语证书———— Business English Certificate）雅思—————— IELTS (International English Language Testing System)托福—————— TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)BEC初级—————— (BECPreliminary Level，缩略为BEC Pre.)BEC中级—————— (BEC VantageLevel，缩略为BEC Van.)BEC高级—————— (BEC HigherLevel，缩略为BEC Hi.)全国计算机等级考试—— National Computer Rank Examination (NCRE)Rank I: DOS、WINDOWSRankⅡ: VISUAL BASIC，VISUALFOXPRO，QBASIC，FORTRAN，C，FOXBASE RankⅢ: PC technology、Informationmanagement、Internet technology、Data base RankⅣ: Ability to systemsanalysis and systems project全国计算机一级证书First-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机二级证书Second-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机三级证书Third-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机四级证书Fourth-level Certificate for National Computer导游证—————— Guide ID Card (Guide Identity of Identification Card)导游资格证书———— Guide Certificate秘书证—————— Secretary Card中级涉外秘书证———— Intermediate Foreign Secretary Card会计证—————— Accounting Certificate会计从业资格证书:—— Certificate of Accounting Professional初级职务（助理会计）证书Sub-accountant Certificate Preliminary Level中级职称—————— Intermediate Certificate管理会计师证书:———— Certificate in Management Accounting注册会计师证书:———— (CPA Certificate)Certificate of Certified Public Accountant 注册金融分析师————（CFA）Chartered Financial Analyst特许公认会计师————（ACCA）The Association of Chartered Accountants CAD工程师认证证书—— CADEngineer Certification电工证—————— Electrician certificate技工证书—————— Technician Certificate教师资格证—————— Teacher Certification心理辅导教师资格证书—— Psychological Counseling Teacher Certificate报关员资格证书———— Clerk for the Customs Declaration报关员证书—————— Customs Declaration Certificate人力资源从业资格证书—— Qualification of Human Resources Practitioners驾驶证——————Driver’s License国家司法考试证书———— National Judicial Examination certificate（lawyer'squalification certificate）律师资格证书————Attorney’s certificate企业法律顾问执业资格证书Enterprise Counsel Qualification Certificate法律顾问—————— Legal Adviser律师助理证—————— Assistant Lawyer Certificate会计从业资格证———— Certificate of Accounting Professional初级会计职称———— Junior Level Accountant中级会计职称———— Medium Level Accountant高级职称—————— Advanced Level Accountant注册会计师—————— Certified Public Accountant (CPC）注册税务师—————— Certified Tax Agents(CTA )经济师—————— Economist精算师—————— Actuary审计师—————— Auditor统计师—————— Actuary物流师职业资格证书—— Certificate of International Logistics Specialist国际物流师—————— Certified International Logistics Specialist (CILS)国际电子商务师职业资格认证Certification of International E-Commerce Specialist国际电子商务师———— Certified International E-Commerce Specialist（CIECS）市场营销师—————— Marketing Manager特许市场营销师———— Certified Marketing Manager (CMM)初级营销职业证书———— Introductory Certificate in Marketing市场营销职业证书———— Certificate in Marketing国际商务谈判师———— Certificated International Professional Negotiator ( CIPN) 投资咨询师—————— Investment Counselor人力资源管理———— Human Resource Management ( HRM )中国职业经理人资格认证—— Certificate of Chinese Professional Manager中国职业经理人———— Chinese Professional Manager ( CPM )注册国际投资分析师—— Certified International Investment Analyst( CIIA )注册金融分析师———— Chartered Financial Analyst ( CFA )注册金融策划师———— Certified Financial Planner（CFP）认证金融理财师———— Associate Financial Planner (AFP)金融风险管理师———— Financial Risk Manager （FRM）证券从业资格证书———— Certificate of Securities国际贸易单证员证书—— Certificate of International Commercial Documents报关员资格证书———— Certificate of Customs Specialist报检员资格证书———— Certificate of Inspection公务员考试—————— Civil Servants Exam计算机技术与软件专业技术（水平）资格考试—— Computer Technology and Software Expertise (level) QualificationExamination网络工程师—————— Network Engineer软件设计师—————— Software Architect数据库分析师———— Database Analyst网络管理员—————— Webmaster信息系统项目管理师—— Information Systems Project Management Division网络规划设计师———— Network Planning Designer多媒体应用设计师———— Multimedia designer电力工程证书———— Certificate in Electrical Engineering国际电子商务师———— Certified International E-Commerce Specialist (CIECS）一、二级建造师———— Grade1/2 Constructor造价工程师—————— Cost Engineer注册房地产估价师———— Certified Real Estate Appraiser质量工程师—————— Quality Assurance Engineer城市规划师—————— Urban Planner公路造价师—————— Highway Cost Estimator工程造价师—————— Budgeting Specialist化学检验员—————— Chemistry Testing Laboratory Technician 化学技能证书———— Chemical Skills Certificate药品检验员—————— Drug Inspector四、校运会第一名—————— The First Prize第二名—————— The Second Prize第三名—————— The Third Prize惠州学院健美操比赛—— Competition of Body-building Exercises校运会篮球比赛———— Basketball Matches in Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子100米—— M en’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子100米——Women’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子200米——Men’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子200米——Women’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子1500米——Men’s 1500-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会女子800米——Women’s 800-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男女跳高比赛——Men/Women’s High Jump Matches校运会男女三级跳比赛——Men/Women’s Triple Jump Matches校运会男子110米栏——Men’s 110-metre Hurdle Race校运会男女铅球————Men/Women’s Shot Put校运会男女标枪————Men/Women’s javelin throwing五、艺术节博客大赛—————— Blog Contest“金话筒•”主持人大赛—— Golden Microphone Host Competition惠州学院十大歌手—— Top Ten Singers of Huizhou University创意T台服装设计大赛—— Creative Fashion Design Competition惠州学院丰湖之星—— Fenghu Stars of Huizhou University激浪黑板报大赛————Wave Blackboard Poster Competition“激浪个性我创”涂鸦比赛Wave Creative Graffiti Competition“墨迹杯”书画大赛—— Chinese Ink Cup Calligraphy and Painting Competition 军训优秀通讯员———— Excellent Correspondent in Military Training军训先进个人———— Advanced Individual in Military Training十佳社团—————— Top Ten Outstanding Associations体育道德风尚奖———— PE Morality Award优秀指导教师奖———— Excellent Guide Teacher Award突出贡献奖———— Outstanding Contribution Award工作创新奖———— Innovation Award团队建设奖———— Teamwork Award最佳台风奖———— Best Stage Style Award最佳人气奖———— Best Popularity Award优秀组织奖———— Outstanding Organization Award最佳创意奖———— Best Creativity Award优秀团体奖———— Excellent Group Award优秀节目奖———— Best Program Award十佳新秀奖———— Top Ten Outstanding Rising Stars Award 最具潜质奖———— Most Potentiality Award最佳才艺奖———— Outstanding Talent Award最佳气质奖———— Outstanding Quality Award最佳口才奖———— Best Eloquence Award最佳演员奖———— Best Actor Award最佳剧本奖———— Best Script Award优秀会员—————— Excellent Member最佳辩手—————— Best Debater优秀辩手—————— Excellent Debater六、协会法律促进协会—— Law Promotion Association模拟法庭竞赛Moot Court Competition英语口语协会—— Oral English Institute交流会Exchange Meeting —— Make Our Voice Heard书法协会—— Calligraphy Association“亲近中国文化，了解汉字”Get Close to the Chinese culture, Get to Learn Chinese CharactersX－GAME协会X-GAMEAssociationX-GAME创新表演大赛X-GAMEInnovation contests心理健康促进协会Association of Advancement of Mental Health“心灵之交”—— Meeting Soul-mates峥嵘乒乓球协会Association of Zhengrong Table Tennis“我最有才”峥嵘乒乓球比赛Zhengrong Cup Table Tennis Contest足球协会—— Football Association“新生杯”足球争霸赛之各系荣耀大战Freshmen Cup Football Match of all Departments—Glory War毽球协会—— Shuttlecock Association毽球新风采”毽球大比拼New Style Shuttlecock Competition篮球协会—— Basketball Association“三人篮球赛”———— Three-player Basketball Match旅游爱好者协会Travel Enthusiasts Association创意风筝节—— Creative Kite Festival演讲与口才协会Speech and Eloquence Association“环境保护，重在行动”演讲比赛Take Action to Protect Environment Speech Contest奕林棋协—— Yi-lin Chinese Chess Association“奕林棋协棋王争霸赛”Yi-lin Chinese Chess Conpetition企业与市场调研协会Business and Marketing Research Association职业经理人挑战赛—— Professional managers Challenge Match飞翔舞协—— Flying Dance Association假面舞会———— Masque Ball新春柳话剧社—— Reborn Drama Association“我心飞扬”剧本创作大赛及公演Flying Heart Script-writing Contest 摄影协会—— Photography Association“生活”摄影展—— Life Photo Exhibition七、其他学生会—————— Student Union团委会—————— Youth League Committee学生社团——————Students’ Association体育部—————— Sports Department文艺部—————— Arts Department学习部—————— Learning Department女生部—————— Girls Department心理发展部—————— Psychological Development Department外联部—————— Public Relations Department宣传部—————— Propaganda Department生活部—————— Life Department纪检部—————— Discipline Inspection Department秘书部—————— Secretary Department组织部—————— Organization Department编辑部—————— Editorial Department学生会主席—————— President of the Student Union团委会书记—————— Secretary of the Youth League Committee团支书—————— League Branch Secretary团支书—————— Secretary of the Youth League Branch Committee 副书记—————— Vice Secretary秘书长—————— Secretary-general学术部干事—————— a member of the Academic Department宿舍长—————— Head of the dormitory优秀团员—————— Excellent League Member班长———————— Monitor/ Class President副班长—————— Vice-monitor文体委员—————— Recreation & Sports Secretary学习委员—————— Study Secretary生活委员—————— Life Secretary宣传委员—————— Publicity Secretary生活委员—————— Organization Secretary勤工俭学—————— Work-study Program青年志愿者协会———— Youth Volunteers Association政治辅导员—————— Political Tutors晚会主持人—————— Host on the entertainment / evening party礼仪队———————— Reception Team/ Protocol Team三下乡—————— Volunteer Activities for the Country People综合测评——————Comprehensive Evaluation of Students’ Performance预备党员—————————— Probationary Party Member入党积极分子—————— Applicant for Party Membership综合素质优秀学生———— Excellent Student of Comprehensive Quality优秀青年志愿者———— Outstanding Young Volunteer校园十杰—————— Ten Prominent Youth on Campus / Top Ten Youth on Campus 品学兼优的学生———— Student of Good Character and Scholarship模拟招聘会—————— Mock Interviews军训———————— Military Training艺术团———————— Art Troupe义教———————— Voluntary Teaching迎新晚会—————— Welcome Party for the Freshmen招聘会———————— Job Fair广播站———————— Broadcasting Station学生处———————— Students Affairs Department 舍管———————— houseparent社会活动—————— social/ public activities课外活动—————— extracurricular activities社会实践—————— social practice学术活动—————— academic activities籍贯———————— native place婚姻状况—————— marital status家庭状况—————— family status可到职时间—————— date of availability教育程度—————— educational background课程———————— curriculum职业目标—————— career objective主修———————— major工作目标—————— employment objective副修———————— minor希望职位—————— position wanted优良学风班—————— Class of Good Style Study 团结合作—————— Solidarity and Cooperation创新能力—————— Creative Ability沟通能力—————— Communicational Ability兼职———————— Part-time Job促销员———————— Sales Promoter派传单———————— Deliver pamphlets市场调研—————— Marketing Research乒乓球协会—————— Table Tennis Association社团艺术节—————— Community Festival招聘网站—————— Recruitment Site党支部———————— Party Branch家教———————— Tutor英语培训中心———— English training centre成绩优异—————— Outstanding Academic Results 学业技能—————— Academic Skills思想品行—————— Ideological Morality文体表现—————— Arts and Sports Performance 社团艺术节—————— Community Festival实习———————— Internship。
十大词性之构词法(1)
易成教育个性化辅导讲义教师姓名瞿芳学科英语上课时间讲义序号学生姓名年级组长签字日期课题名称十大词性之构词法（1）教学目标认知构词法的分类掌握常见的词缀教学重点难点熟记常见的词缀合成课前检查作业完成情况：优□良□中□差□建议__________________________________________教学过程词汇是学习语言的基础，理解和掌握构词法可以提高记忆单词的效率，有助于我们扩大词汇量。
英语构词法主要有：合成转化法、派生法、混成法，截短法和首字母缩略法，其中前三种最重要。
一、合成（Compounding）由两个或更多的词合成一个词，有的用连词符号“一”连接，有的直接连写在一起。
合成法主要有：（1）合成名词：①n+n→nclassroom, schoolyard, spaceship, newspaper,postman, housewife, 等。
②adj +n→nmainland, blackboard,gentleman, newcomer(新来者),best-seller(畅销书),shorthand( 速记)③v+n→npickpocket(扒手),breakwater(防水堤), runway(跑道),rush-hour(高峰时间)，rubstone(磨刀石)④-ing+n→ nreading-room, waiting-room, sleeping-pill(安眼药), writing desk⑤adv / prep +n →nafternoon, onlooker(旁观者)⑥n+ing→nhandwriting(书法),sightseeing, horse riding, sun—bathing（日光浴）⑦n+adv→npasser-by (过路人) breakthrough(重大突破)get-together, turn-off(断开), ,breakdown(衰落)⑧adv+v→noutbreak(爆发), output(输出),input, downfall(垮台)⑨n+介词短语→nfather-in-law(岳父),son-in-law(女婿),command-in-chief(总司令),comrade-in-arms(战友)（2）合成形容词①adj / 数词+ n+-ed →adjone-eyed (独眼的),three-legged②adj+-ing →adjgood-looking (相貌好看的),easy-going(随和的),English-speaking,③adj+n→adjlow-price, high-class(高级的),second-hand(旧的),everyday,large-scale(大规模)④n+adj→adjlifelong(终生的),nationwide(全国性的),worldwide, world-famous,color-blind(色盲的),airsick(晕飞机的)⑤n+ 分词→adjman-made, state-owned(国有的), radio-equipped, sunburned(晒黑的)peace-loving(热爱和平的)fun-loving(爱开玩笑的)⑥adv+分词→adjwell-known, widespread (分布广的),well-informed(消息灵通的),hard-working(勤劳的) Far-reaching（深远的）long-lasting（耐用的）(3)合成动词①adv +v→voverthrow(推翻),undergo(经历),uphold(高举), overhear(无意),output(输出),input,②n+v→vsleep-walk(梦游),daydream(做白日梦),spoonfeed(填鸭式灌输),sun-bathe, mess-produce (大规模生产)③adj+v→vwhitewash(粉刷),blacklist(列入黑名单),dry-salt(干腌), deep-freeze(冷藏)(4)合成副词①adv+adv→advhowever, whenever, moreover(而且), therefore,②adj+adv→adveverywhere, nowhere, somewhere, anywhere,③n+adv→advheadfirst(头朝下),daylong(整天),nightlong(通宵)④adv+n→advdownstairs, upstairs, downhill, inside, westward, upward,(5)合成代词some, any, every, no 可与-thing –one, -body 合成代词，代词宾格(物主代词)+self(selves):something, everything, anyone nobody, yourselves, himself,二、转化（ conversion ）由一种词类转化成另一种或几种词类1．n→advLet‘s go hand in handPlease hand in your exercise books after classwater:水→浇水 place:地方→放置 land:土地→着陆design:图案→设计 seat:座位→使就座 book:书→预定2．adj→vHer room is clean and tidyShe cleans her room every dayquiet:安静的→使…静 slow:慢的→使慢下来back:后面的→支持，使后退 warm:暖和的→使暖和3．adv→vPlease sit downThe government easily downed(打倒)riot.near:附近地→靠岸 up:向上→抬起， out:在外→赶出further:更进一步地→促进4.v→nHe visited the summer palace yesterdayWe paid a visit to the scientist last weektaste:：尝起来→味道 use:：使用→用处 fly：飞行→苍蝇:cause：引起→起因 show：显示→节目 guess：猜→猜想:5.adj→nWe are very youngThe cow took good care of her young( 幼畜 )right: 正确的→权利 native:本地的→本地人major:主要的→主修科目fat:肥胖的→脂肪三、派生（derivation）由一个词根加上前缀和（或）后缀构成另一个词。
英文简历词汇：各种奖学金、社团、证书、竞赛奖项中英文对照
英文简历词汇：各种奖学金、社团、证书、竞赛奖项中英文对照一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金-—National Scholarship国家励志奖学金-—National Encouragementscholarship校一等奖:——The First PrizeScholarship校二等奖：——The Second PrizeScholarship校三等奖：——The Third PrizeScholarship单项奖学金：-—Individual Scholarship三好学生标兵——Pacemaker to MeritStudent三好学生——Merit Student学习优秀生——Model Student of AcademicRecords突出才能奖——Model Student ofOutstanding Capacity先进个人——AdvancedIndividual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者——Excellent staff优秀学生干部——Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员-—Excellent League Member优秀毕业生——Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者——Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体-—Advanced Class优秀团干—- Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部——Outstanding cadres ofStudentAssociation学生协会工作优秀个人Outstanding Individual ofStudentAssociation精神文明先进个人——Spiritual AdvancedIndividual社会工作先进个人——Advanced Individual ofSocial Work文体活动先进个人—- Advanced Individual ofCultural and sportsactivities道德风尚奖—-——Ethic Award精神文明奖—--—High Morality Prize最佳组织奖—-—- Prize for The BestOrganization突出贡献奖-———Prize for TheOutstandingContribution工作创新奖—-—- Prize for The CreativeWorking团队建设奖-——- Prize for The TeamContribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系（Foreign LanguageDepartment):话剧比赛———- Drama competition英语演讲比赛-- English Speech Contest八系辩论赛————Eight DepartmentsInvitational DebateCompetition黑板报设计大赛——Blackboard Poster DesignContestPPT设计大赛——Courseware Design Competition文明宿舍——-- Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛——OK Cup for Basketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛——“My Heart Flies”Singing Competition中文系( Department of ChineseLanguage andLiterature):诗歌朗诵比赛—- Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛-—Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛—-——Photography Competition金话筒比赛————“Golden Microphone" Competition兴我中华演讲比赛——Speech Competition onRevitalizingChina课件比赛-—-- Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛————Press Writing Contest足球比赛————Football Match三笔比赛--——Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛——Knitting Contest onWinter EnvironmentalProtection 数学系（Department of Mathematics）：登山比赛——-—Mountain-climbingCompetition网络工程师-—-—Network EngineerCertification全国建模比赛—- National MathematicalModeling Contest知识风采比赛—- Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛——Courseware Design Competition经济管理系（The Department ofEconomics &Management）:辩论赛———- Debate Competition创业大赛———- Venture Contest政法系（Politics and LawDepartment）：党团知识竞赛———- Knowledge Contest on theParty and theLeague 政法论坛———- Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动—--—Series of Activities in “GoldenSeason模拟法庭--—- Moot Court演讲比赛-——- Speech Competition征文比赛————Essay Competition计算机科学系（Computer ScienceDepartment）：网页设计大赛————Web Page DesignCompetition辩论赛—-————Debate Competition软件设计大赛————Software DesignCompetition多媒体课件设计大赛—- Multimedia CoursewareDesignCompetition 网站设计竞赛———- Web Design Competition电子科学系（Electronic ScienceDepartment）:演讲比赛-—-—Speech Contest电子设计大赛—-—- Electronic Design Contest服装系（Textile and FashionDepartment):服装创意设计大赛——Garment DesignCompetition毕业设计大赛————Graduation DesignCompetition发表论文——-—Publications专利证书—-——Patent服装设计大赛-———Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛————Swimming Suit DesignCompetition手提包设计大赛—- Handbag DesignCompetition服装创意设计大赛—-——Creative Garment DesignCompetition生命科学系（Department of LifeScience)：实验技能操作大赛-—Experiment Skill andOperationContest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛——The BiochemicalExperiments Contest for CollegeStudent in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系（Department ofArchitecture ＆CivilEngineering）：建筑文化节—-——Architectural CultureFestival建筑设计竞赛--—- Architectural DesignCompetition钢笔画比赛-——- Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛————Festival Logo DesignContest“五佳”歌手活动————“Best Five”Singer Activities友谊篮球赛————Friendship Cup BasketballMatch工程测量比赛——-- Engineering SurveyCompetition班际足球赛—-——Inter—class FootballMatch省大学生科技竞赛—- Science and TechnologyContest for Province CollegeStudents十佳学生活动组织-- Top Ten StudentActivitiesOrganization十大学生修身楷模—- Ten Model StudentsofSelf—cultivation学生科研创新奖————Student Award forResearch andInnovation棋王大赛—-————Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛-———E—Society Feisi CupArchitectural RenderingsComputer Design Contest化学工程系（Department of ChemicalEngineering &Technology）:“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛-- Flying Fox Cup 8departments Invitational DebateCompetition女子篮球赛————Women’s Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛——Chemistry and ChemicalExperiment SkillsCompetition for Colleges in Guangdong旅游管理系（Tourism and ManagementDepartment）：导游技能大赛-——- Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛-—Tourist Route DesignCompetition党团知识竞赛———- Knowledge Contests aboutthe CPC and theCYLC礼仪风采大赛————Manner and EtiquetteContest体育系(Department of Sports）:体育文化节—-——Physical Culture Festival音乐系（Music Department）相声小品大赛—-——Crosstalk and SketchContest班际篮球赛——-- Inter—class Basketball Match三、证书大学英语四级——-—CET4 （College English TestBand 4Certificate）大学英语六级————CET6 (College EnglishTest Band 6Certificate）英语专业四级-—-—TEM4 (Test for EnglishMajor Grade 4Certificate)英语专业八级———- TEM8 (Test for EnglishMajor Grade 8Certificate）普通话等级考试————National MandarinTest （Level 1, 2，3；GradeA,B，C)日语能力考试--——Japanese LanguageProficiency Test (Level 1, ２, ３,４)商务日语能力考试——Business JapaneseProficiency Test商务英语证书-——- Business EnglishCertificate）雅思——————IELTS (InternationalEnglish Language TestingSystem)托福-————- TOEFL (Test of English asa ForeignLanguage）BEC初级——————（BEC Preliminary Level，缩略为BEC Pre。
英文简历词汇：各种奖学金、社团、证书、竞赛奖项中英文对照
英文简历词汇:各种奖学金、社团、证书、竞赛奖项中英文对照一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金-—National Scholarship国家励志奖学金-—National Encouragementscholarship校一等奖：——The First PrizeScholarship校二等奖：-- The Second PrizeScholarship校三等奖:——The Third PrizeScholarship单项奖学金：——Individual Scholarship三好学生标兵——Pacemaker to MeritStudent三好学生——Merit Student学习优秀生——Model Student of AcademicRecords突出才能奖——Model Student ofOutstanding Capacity先进个人——AdvancedIndividual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者—- Excellent staff优秀学生干部——Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员——Excellent League Member优秀毕业生—- Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者—- Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体-—Advanced Class优秀团干——Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部——Outstanding cadres ofStudentAssociation学生协会工作优秀个人Outstanding Individual ofStudentAssociation精神文明先进个人-—Spiritual AdvancedIndividual社会工作先进个人——Advanced Individual ofSocial Work文体活动先进个人——Advanced Individual ofCultural and sportsactivities 道德风尚奖——-- Ethic Award精神文明奖—-——High Morality Prize最佳组织奖——-—Prize for The BestOrganization突出贡献奖————Prize for TheOutstandingContribution工作创新奖—-——Prize for The CreativeWorking团队建设奖—--- Prize for The TeamContribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系（Foreign LanguageDepartment）：话剧比赛————Drama competition英语演讲比赛——English Speech Contest八系辩论赛————Eight DepartmentsInvitational DebateCompetition 黑板报设计大赛-—Blackboard Poster DesignContestPPT设计大赛—- Courseware Design Competition文明宿舍——-—Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛-—OK Cup for Basketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛——“My Heart Flies" Singing Competition中文系（Department of ChineseLanguage andLiterature）：诗歌朗诵比赛—- Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛——Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛-———Photography Competition金话筒比赛————“Golden Microphone”Competition兴我中华演讲比赛——Speech Competition onRevitalizingChina课件比赛———- Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛—-—- Press Writing Contest足球比赛————Football Match三笔比赛—--—Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛-—Knitting Contest onWinter EnvironmentalProtection 数学系（Department of Mathematics)：登山比赛————Mountain-climbingCompetition网络工程师——-—Network EngineerCertification全国建模比赛-—National MathematicalModeling Contest知识风采比赛—- Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛-—Courseware Design Competition经济管理系（The Department ofEconomics ＆Management)：辩论赛———- Debate Competition创业大赛-———Venture Contest政法系(Politics and LawDepartment)：党团知识竞赛-———Knowledge Contest on theParty and theLeague 政法论坛————Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动——-—Series of Activities in “GoldenSeason模拟法庭————Moot Court演讲比赛————Speech Competition征文比赛-——- Essay Competition计算机科学系（Computer ScienceDepartment）：网页设计大赛-———Web Page DesignCompetition辩论赛——————Debate Competition软件设计大赛---- Software DesignCompetition多媒体课件设计大赛—- Multimedia CoursewareDesignCompetition 网站设计竞赛-—-—Web Design Competition电子科学系(Electronic ScienceDepartment）：演讲比赛——-—Speech Contest电子设计大赛———- Electronic Design Contest服装系（Textile and FashionDepartment）：服装创意设计大赛——Garment DesignCompetition毕业设计大赛——-—Graduation DesignCompetition发表论文————Publications专利证书———- Patent服装设计大赛———- Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛-———Swimming Suit DesignCompetition手提包设计大赛——Handbag DesignCompetition服装创意设计大赛————Creative Garment DesignCompetition生命科学系（Department of LifeScience）:实验技能操作大赛——Experiment Skill andOperationContest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛——The BiochemicalExperiments Contest for CollegeStudent in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系（Department ofArchitecture ＆CivilEngineering）：建筑文化节—--—Architectural CultureFestival建筑设计竞赛—--- Architectural DesignCompetition钢笔画比赛————Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛--——Festival Logo DesignContest“五佳”歌手活动—--—“Best Five”Singer Activities友谊篮球赛————Friendship Cup BasketballMatch工程测量比赛————Engineering SurveyCompetition班际足球赛—-—- Inter—class FootballMatch省大学生科技竞赛——Science and TechnologyContest for Province CollegeStudents十佳学生活动组织——Top Ten StudentActivitiesOrganization十大学生修身楷模-—Ten Model StudentsofSelf-cultivation学生科研创新奖---—Student Award forResearch andInnovation棋王大赛—-—-——Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛—--—E—Society Feisi CupArchitectural RenderingsComputer Design Contest化学工程系(Department of ChemicalEngineering &Technology）：“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛——Flying Fox Cup 8departments Invitational DebateCompetition女子篮球赛—---Women’s Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛—- Chemistry and ChemicalExperiment SkillsCompetition for Colleges in Guangdong旅游管理系(Tourism and ManagementDepartment)：导游技能大赛———- Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛——Tourist Route DesignCompetition党团知识竞赛——-—Knowledge Contests aboutthe CPC and theCYLC礼仪风采大赛————Manner and EtiquetteContest体育系(Department of Sports）：体育文化节————Physical Culture Festival音乐系（Music Department）相声小品大赛————Crosstalk and SketchContest班际篮球赛—-——Inter—class Basketball Match三、证书大学英语四级-——-CET4 (College English TestBand 4Certificate)大学英语六级-———CET6 (College EnglishTest Band 6Certificate）英语专业四级-———TEM4 (Test for EnglishMajor Grade 4Certificate）英语专业八级————TEM8 （Test for EnglishMajor Grade 8Certificate)普通话等级考试--—- National MandarinTest (Level 1, 2, 3; GradeA，B，C)日语能力考试--——Japanese LanguageProficiency Test （Level 1, ２，３，４)商务日语能力考试—- Business JapaneseProficiency Test商务英语证书————Business EnglishCertificate）雅思——————IELTS (InternationalEnglish Language TestingSystem）托福——-———TOEFL （Test of English asa ForeignLanguage)BEC初级——-———(BEC Preliminary Level，缩略为BEC Pre。
英语专八阅读理解精读训练附答案和解析-第15篇Contribution of Coeducation
第15篇Contribution of Coeducation精读原文：Contribution of CoeducationImagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only of members of own sex. How would you react? Unless there was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldn't be too happy about it, to say the least. It is all the more surprising therefore that so many parents in the world choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children conditions which they themselves wouldn't put up with for one minute!Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. Stuffing children's heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. One of the chief aims of educations is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society.Now adult society is made up of men and women, so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it?Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.A co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. Boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years.They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability, athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life.What a practical advantage it is(to give just a small example)to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa.When segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered.In a coeducational school, everything falls into its proper place. But perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages.Boys don't grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures一airygoddesses, more like book-illustrations to a fairy-tale, than human beings. Girls don't grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes.Years of living together at school dispel illusions of this kind. There are no goddesses with freckles, pigtails, piercing voices and inky fingers. There are no romantic heroes with knobbly knees, dirty fingernails and unkempt hair. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up. These can better be overcome in a co-educational environment.Segregated schools sometimes provide the right conditions for sexual deviation. This is hardly possible under a co-educational system. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fully prepared to enter society as well-adjusted adults.They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.【阅读练习题】1.What is the best title for this passage?[A] only co-education can be in harmony with society.[B]people are in great need of co-education.[C] any form of education other than co-education is simply unthinkable.[D] co-education has many features.2.what does co-education offer to children?[A] A society.[B]A true small model of society.[C] A real life.[D] 1}ue version of social condition.3.According to the passage, what is one of the chief aims of education?[A] It is for students to acquire knowledge.[B]It is to equip future citizens with scientific technology.[C] It is to equip future citizens with what is required in getting a position in society.[D] It is for students to get academic achievements.4.Why do boys and girls in co-education have no illusion about each other?[A] They live together and know each other too well.[B]Years of living together at school dismiss such illusion.[C] co-education encourage them to have an healthy attitude toward life.[D] They are familiar with each other' s problems.【答案详解】1.C除了男女合校，其他形式的教育简直难以想象。
英文翻译-奖学金获奖项目以及各种简历offer需要列举的奖项
一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金 National Scholarship国家励志奖学金 National Encouragement scholarship校一等奖The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金Individual Scholarship三好学生标兵 Pacemaker to Merit Student三好学生 Merit Student学习优秀生 Model Student of Academic Records突出才能奖 Model Student of Outstanding Capacity先进个人 Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者 Excellent staff优秀学生干部 Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员 Excellent League Member优秀毕业生 Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者 Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体 Advanced Class优秀团干 Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部 Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人 Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人 Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人 Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人 Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities 道德风尚奖 Ethic Award精神文明奖 High Morality Prize最佳组织奖 Prize for The Best Organization突出贡献奖 Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖 Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖 Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系（Foreign Language Department）:话剧比赛 Drama competition英语演讲比赛 English Speech Contest八系辩论赛 Eight Departments Invitational Debate Competition黑板报设计大赛 Blackboard Poster Design ContestPPT设计大赛 Courseware Design Competition文明宿舍 Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛 OK Cup for Basketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛“My Heart Flies” Singing Competition中文系( Department of Chinese Language and Literature)诗歌朗诵比赛 Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛 Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛 Photography Competition金话筒比赛“Golden Microphone” Competition兴我中华演讲比赛 Speech Competition on Revitalizing China课件比赛 Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛 Press Writing Contest足球比赛 Football Match三笔比赛 Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛 Knitting Contest on Winter Environmental Protection 数学系(Department of Mathematics )登山比赛 Mountain-climbing Competition网络工程师 Network Engineer Certification全国建模比赛 National Mathematical Modeling Contest知识风采比赛 Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛 Courseware Design Competition经济管理系(The Department of Economics & Management)辩论赛 Debate Competition创业大赛 Venture Contest政法系（Politics and Law Department）党团知识竞赛 Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League政法论坛Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动Series of Activities in “Golden Season模拟法庭 Moot Court演讲比赛 Speech Competition征文比赛 Essay Competition计算机科学系（Computer Science Department）网页设计大赛 Web Page Design Competition辩论赛 Debate Competition软件设计大赛 Software Design Competition多媒体课件设计大赛 Multimedia Courseware Design Competition网站设计竞赛 Web Design Competition电子科学系（Electronic Science Department）演讲比赛 Speech Contest电子设计大赛 Electronic Design Contest服装系（Textile and Fashion Department）服装创意设计大赛 Garment Design Competition毕业设计大赛 Graduation Design Competition发表论文Publications专利证书 Patent服装设计大赛 Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛 Swimming Suit Design Competition手提包设计大赛 Handbag Design Competition服装创意设计大赛 Creative Garment Design Competition生命科学系(Department of Life Science）实验技能操作大赛 Experiment Skill and Operation Contest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系(Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering）建筑文化节 Architectural Culture Festival建筑设计竞赛Architectural Design Competition钢笔画比赛 Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛 Festival Logo Design Contest“五佳”歌手活动“Best Five” Singer Activities友谊篮球赛 Friendship Cup Basketball Match工程测量比赛Engineering Survey Competition班际足球赛 Inter-class Football Match省大学生科技竞赛 Science and Technology Contest for Province College Students 十佳学生活动组织 Top Ten Student Activities Organization十大学生修身楷模 Ten Model Students of Self-cultivation学生科研创新奖 Student Award for Research and Innovation棋王大赛 Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛 E-Society Feisi Cup Architectural Renderings Computer Design Contest化学工程系(Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology)“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛 Flying Fox Cup 8 departments Invitational Debate Competition女子篮球赛 Women's Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛 Chemistry and Chemical Experiment Skills Competition for Colleges in Guangdong旅游管理系(Tourism and Management Department):导游技能大赛 Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛 Tourist Route Design Competition党团知识竞赛 Knowledge Contests about the CPC and the CYLC礼仪风采大赛Manner and Etiquette Contest体育系(Department of Sports):体育文化节Physical Culture Festival。
大学英语四读写教程课后答案
TEXT AII1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makesor has made to human civilization.2.The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence anddedication in achieving greatness.3.Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times ofcrisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders. 4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and asocial person.5.Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as theability to communicate effectively.6.The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial.7.They simply don’t devote the amount of time required.8.The study showed that enjoying one ’ s work is the best form of motivation.2IV1.chat2.acknowledge3.motivated4.charcteristic5.despite6.influential7.cited8.obstacle9.intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate13.contribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.moraleV1.left behind2.rise3.made history4.were endowedwith5.put up with6.going nowhere7.ifocuses on8.be built on9.put in e up with 11.take charge 12.set...apartVIefficiency emergency fluency frequencyproficiency tendency urgency sufficiency1.fluency2.proficiency3.emergency4.Efficiency5.tendency6.frequency3VII1.For some students, it's not that they don't put in enough time — it'sthat they don't have good study habits.2.Children perform differently at school. It's not that they have differentIQs — it's that they are brought up in different environments. 3.The company is not very productive. It's not that its staff aren'ttalented —it's that their energy hasn't been channeled effectively.4.I'm really sorry. It's not that I don't want to go to the cinema with you— it's that I have to finish my paper tonight.5.You have a stomachache. It's not that the food was bad — it's probably that you have too much stress from your work.VIII1.President Wilson didn't try to bring the US back to economic andpolitical isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperationthrough an association of nations. puters don't teach students ingroups. Instead, they can help them learn effectively according to their4different needs.3.We shouldn't focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solvethe problem of the greatest urgency at present.4.He dosen't get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend toeverything himself.5.Teaching success shouldn't be measured by the scores the studentsreceive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the studentshave internalized the ability and desire to learn.IXBCBAD DCABA DABCAX西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。
PISA2024将开展“在数字世界中学习”的创新领域评估项目
第三，我国的数学成就测试要注重考查学生的审题能力。
题目设置应该促使学生提升审题的能力，强化学生的缜密思考和推导能力，引导学生学会抓住关键词，排除无关信息，理解核心问题，找到题目中的数量关系，能够明确题目要考查的关键点，综合应用自己所学的数学知识解决问题。
第四，我国的数学成就测试要更加注重试题的推导过程，让学生学会阐述、推理、表达。
通过设置题目结论的推导过程，强化学生对知识的理解与应用，从而激发学生在数学答题过程中，将自己的学习和思考过程演变成逻辑性较强的推理过程，从简单运用数学知识过渡到较高层次的逻辑推理能力。
参考文献：[1]Council of Ministers of Education.泛加拿大成就评估项目2019-Public-Report[EB/OL]. https://www.cmec.ca/Publications/Lists/Publicat ions/Attachments/426/泛加拿大成就评估项目2019-Public-Report-EN.pdf.2021-10-29.[2]张迪,王瑞霖.泛加拿大评估项目数学试题风格及启示[J].教育测量与评价,2019(08):37-44，64.[3]Council of Ministers of Education.Canada. Pan Canadian泛加拿大成就评估项目-2016-Assessment-Framework(泛加拿大成就评估项目)[EB/OL].http://www.cmec.ca/docs/泛加拿大成就评估项目/泛加拿大成就评估项目2016/泛加拿大成就评估项目-2016-Assessment-Framework.pdf.2021-10-29.[4]Council of Ministers of Education.泛加拿大成就评估项目-2010Report on the Pan-Canadian Assessment of Mathematics.Science.and Reading[EB/OL].http://www.cmec.ca/docs/泛加拿大成就评估项目/泛加拿大成就评估项目2010/English/2_PuPubl Report/泛加拿大成就评估项目2010-faq.pdf.2021-10-29.[5]Council of Ministers of Education.Report on Mathematics AssessmentⅢ.School Achievement Indicators Program(SAIP)2001[EB/ OL].http://www.cmec.ca/Programs/assessment/ pancan/saip2001/Documents/saip2001math.en. pdf.2021-10-29.（作者单位：中国基础教育协同创新中心，北京师范大学文学院）J78Copyright©博看网 Bookan. All Rights Reserved.。
中国教育的双语词汇
中国教育的双语词汇academic achievements 学业成绩academic advisor 学业顾问academic freedom 学术自由academic performance 学业add-and-drop 补退选阶段advertisement for student recruitment 招生广告aid-to-education grant money 专项教育补助基金Alma Matter 母校alumni association 同学会an exchange student 交换留学生an outstanding academic reputation 声名显赫的学术水平anti-tuition hike campaign 反对增加学费运动assistantship 助理金average student 中等生award/confer degree 授予学位basic literacy 基本读写能力CAT (computer adaptive test) 机考cheating in exams 考试作弊check roll 考勤children with learning disability 无学习能力的儿童class rank 年级名次commencement ceremony 毕业典礼compulsory course 必修课computer lab 机房conditional admission 试读core curriculum 核心课程cost of education 教育费用course leader 课代表credit hour 学时educational expenditure 教育开支educational innovation 教育革新educational network 网络教育education in patriotism 爱国主义教育elective course 选修课exemption from examination 免考exit qualification 结业资格fellowship 研究生奖学金finish a four-year curriculum 完成四年学业full-time education 全日制教育General Certificate of Secondary Education 中学毕业证书ghost examinee （考试）替考者Higher Education Mega Center 大学城information for admission 入学须知input in education 教育投入inspection and supervision 督导men learn while they teach 教学相长mental retardation/deficiency 智力缺陷，反应迟钝non-profit educational institutions 非盈利性的教育机构nonresident student 走读生off-the-job training 脱产培训on-the-job training 在职培训；岗位培训open-book examination 开卷考试Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) 家长教师联席会place considerable value on education 重视教育postdoctoral fellow 博士后研究员preschool class 学前班schooling suspension 休学straight A student 成绩全优生teaching assistant 助教teaching faculty 全体教师working graduate 在职研究生work-study program 勤工助学be companion to sb in study陪读attend a class or lecture听课style of study学风credit system学分制nonresident student走读生post-doctoral博士后class for further studies进修班the most needy student特困生tuition fee and miscellaneous charges学杂费graduation project毕业设计a college graduate大专学历combine political integrity with professional competence德才兼备provide training to selected students定向培the ability of practice动手能力in-service/on-the-job training岗位培训education about China’s conditions国情教育accumulate knowledge积累知识basic/elementary education基础教育boarding school寄宿学校education in the home家庭教育education in home economics家政教育contingent of teachers教师队伍impart knowledge and educate people教书育人field practice/internship教学实习educational policy教育方针educational mission教育使命resources for education教育资源provide for schools within easy walking distance就近上学expel from school开除学籍run by local people and subsidized by the state民办公助community-sponsored teacher民办教师non-government funded education民办教育excellency in character and learning品学兼优heuristic teaching启发式教学education for all全民教育personnel exchange人才交流brain drain人才流失memorize things mechanically死记硬背quality-oriented education/quality education素质教育shorten the period of schooling缩短学制special education特殊教育educational level文化程度cultural continuity文化传承cultural dislocation文化断层cultural exchanges文化交流cultural and educational undertakings文教事业。
英语简单句中五种基本句型
S+V(主语+谓语动词----不及物动词)1. 8月和9月期间汽车价格波动。
The price of cars fluctuates between August and September.2. 1995年至1998年，男生的人数保持稳定态势。
From 1995 to 1998, the number of male students stabilized.3. 电视观众的人数在晚上8点到10点之间急剧上升。
The number of TV viewers climbs significantly between 8 p.m. and 10 p.m.4. 从2000年起数目开始缓慢下降。
Since 2000 the figure dropped slightly.5. 全球一体化时代已经来临。
The Era of Globalization has already come.6. 人们对此事持有不同看法。
Views on the issue in question vary greatly.7. 人们对此热门话题的观点不一。
Notions about this hot topic differ widely.8. 一些尖锐的问题已经出现。
Some acute problems have already arisen.9. 随着经济的迅猛发展，环境也在不断恶化。
The environment has been deteriorating along with the rapid development of economy.10. 肥胖的人身心都受到伤害。
Overweight/ Obese people suffer greatly psychologically and physically.S+V+O (主语+谓语动词----及物动词+宾语)1. 有毒气体危害人民健康。
The toxic gases endanger people’s health.2. 在表明观点之前，我将探讨一些这具有争议的事件的正反方。
9月公共英语一级考前复习题合集二篇
9月公共英语一级考前复习题合集二篇9月公共英语一级考前复习题131.which 此空前一句意为“行走就像游泳、骑自行车和跑步是一种有氧运动”，此空所在句意为“。
通过增加给皮肤和肌肉的供氧而塑造更大的肺活量和耐力。
”由这两句可知，此空应填which，which引导定语从旬，修饰“all—aerobic exercise”。
32.prevention 本句意为“这样的运动可能是。
心脏和血液循环疾病的一个主要因素。
”显然，此空处应填“防止”。
33.most 由本句中的“the least strenuous，safest。
”可知，此空处应填表示程度的最高级，再由acceptable exercise“接受的.运动”可知应填most。
34.at “以舒适的速度行走”用英语说应是“walking at a fortable speed”，介词应用at。
35.by 显然，由本句句意可知此空处应填一个表示“通过”的介词，应用介词by。
36.than 由“a more。
most other。
”可知，此空处显然应填than，短语more than other表示“比其他。
更多的。
”。
37.walking 由上两段可知，该短文主要讲述步行的好处，此处做试验，肯定是测试步行。
38.equal equal to意为“等于”，由句意“显示出。
同样年龄的男人每周在同样时段进行3次慢跑。
”可知，此空必须填“等于”。
39.significantly由本句句意“他们的正常心率和身体脂肪减少。
”可知，此空应填一个副词，修饰decreased，该副词意思应为“显着地，明显地”。
40.some 由“of the important。
benefits”可知，此空应填一个代词，又由于benefits为可数名词复数，故填some。
41.bring bring about为介词短语，意为“带来”。
42.also 本句意为“步行。
燃烧脂肪。
”由上几段可知，这是步行的另一个好处，故此空应填“也”。
（简历必备）奖学金的英语翻译
一、国家及校级奖项、称号国家奖学金National Scholarship国家励志奖学金 National Encouragement scholarship三好学生标兵 Pacemaker to Merit Student三好学生Merit Student学习优秀生Model Student of Academic Records突出才能奖 Model Student of Outstanding Capacity先进个人Advanced Individual/Outstanding Student优秀工作者Excellent staff优秀学生干部Excellent Student Cadre优秀共青团员Excellent League Member优秀毕业生Outstanding Graduates优秀志愿者Outstanding Volunteer先进班集体Advanced Class优秀团干Outstanding League Cadres学生协会优秀干部Outstanding cadres of Student Association学生协会工作优秀个人 Outstanding Individual of Student Association精神文明先进个人Spiritual Advanced Individual社会工作先进个人Advanced Individual of Social Work文体活动先进个人 Advanced Individual of Cultural and sports activities 道德风尚奖Ethic Award精神文明奖High Morality Prize最佳组织奖Prize for The Best Organization突出贡献奖Prize for The Outstanding Contribution工作创新奖Prize for The Creative Working团队建设奖Prize for The Team Contribution二、各系比赛与奖项外语系（Foreign Language Department）:话剧比赛Drama competition英语演讲比赛English Speech Contest八系辩论赛Eight Departments Invitational Debate Competition黑板报设计大赛Blackboard Poster Design ContestPPT设计大赛Courseware Design Competition文明宿舍Outstanding DormitoryOK杯篮球比赛OK Cup for Basketball Game我心飞扬歌唱比赛“My Heart Flies” Singing Competition中文系( Department of Chinese Language and Literature)：诗歌朗诵比赛Poetry Recitation Contest诗歌创作比赛Poetry Creation Contest摄影大赛Photography Competition金话筒比赛“Golden Microphone” Competition兴我中华演讲比赛 Speech Competition on Revitalizing China课件比赛Courseware Design Contest报刊比赛Press Writing Contest足球比赛Football Match三笔比赛Essay Contest冬日环保针织比赛 Knitting Contest on Winter Environmental Protection数学系(Department of Mathematics )：登山比赛Mountain-climbing Competition网络工程师Network Engineer Certification全国建模比赛National Mathematical Modeling Contest知识风采比赛Knowledge CompetitionPPT 课件制作大赛Courseware Design Competition经济管理系(The Department of Economics & Management)：辩论赛Debate Competition创业大赛Venture Contest政法系（Politics and Law Department）：党团知识竞赛Knowledge Contest on the Party and the League 政法论坛Political and Legal Forum金秋系列活动Series of Activities in “Golden Season模拟法庭Moot Court演讲比赛Speech Competition征文比赛Essay Competition计算机科学系（Computer Science Department）：网页设计大赛Web Page Design Competition辩论赛Debate Competition软件设计大赛Software Design Competition多媒体课件设计大赛Multimedia Courseware Design Competition网站设计竞赛Web Design Competition电子科学系（Electronic Science Department）：演讲比赛Speech Contest电子设计大赛Electronic Design Contest服装系（Textile and Fashion Department）：服装创意设计大赛Garment Design Competition毕业设计大赛Graduation Design Competition发表论文Publications专利证书Patent服装设计大赛Garment Design Contest泳衣大赛Swimming Suit Design Competition手提包设计大赛Handbag Design Competition服装创意设计大赛 Creative Garment Design Competition生命科学系(Department of Life Science）：实验技能操作大赛Experiment Skill and Operation Contest广东大学生生物化学实验技能大赛The Biochemical Experiments Contest for College Student in Guangdong建筑与土木工程系(Department of Architecture & Civil Engineering）：建筑文化节Architectural Culture Festival建筑设计竞赛Architectural Design Competition钢笔画比赛Ink Drawing Contest节徽设计大赛Festival Logo Design Contest“五佳”歌手活动“Best Five” Singer Activities友谊篮球赛Friendship Cup Basketball Match工程测量比赛Engineering Survey Competition班际足球赛Inter-class Football Match省大学生科技竞赛 Science and Technology Contest for Province College Student s十佳学生活动组织Top Ten Student Activities Organization十大学生修身楷模Ten Model Students of Self-cultivation学生科研创新奖Student Award for Research and Innovation棋王大赛Chess Competition电子社飞思杯电脑建筑效果图设计大赛E-Society Feisi Cup Architectural Rend erings Computer Design Contest化学工程系(Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology)：“飞狐杯”八系辩论赛 Flying Fox Cup 8 departments Invitational Debate Competiti on女子篮球赛Women's Basketball Match广东省高校化学化工实验技能大赛 Chemistry and Chemical Experiment Skills Com petition for Colleges in Guangdong旅游管理系(Tourism and Management Department):导游技能大赛Tourist Skills Contest导游路线设计大赛Tourist Route Design Competition党团知识竞赛Knowledge Contests about the CPC and the CYLC礼仪风采大赛Manner and Etiquette Contest体育系(Department of Sports):体育文化节Physical Culture Festival音乐系 (Music Department)相声小品大赛Crosstalk and Sketch Contest班际篮球赛Inter-class Basketball Match三、证书大学英语四级 CET4 (College English Test Band 4 Certificate)大学英语六级CET6 (College English Test Band 6 Certificate)英语专业四级TEM4 (Test for English Major Grade 4 Certificate)英语专业八级TEM8 (Test for English Major Grade 8 Certificate)普通话等级考试National Mandarin Test (Level 1, 2, 3; Grade A,B,C)日语能力考试Japanese Language Proficiency Test (Level 1, ２, ３, ４)商务日语能力考试Business Japanese Proficiency Test商务英语证书Business English Certificate）雅思IELTS (International English Language Testing System)托福TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language)BEC初级(BEC Preliminary Level，缩略为BEC Pre.)BEC中级(BEC Vantage Level，缩略为BEC Van.)BEC高级(BEC Higher Level，缩略为BEC Hi.)全国计算机等级考试National Computer Rank Examination (NCRE)Rank I: DOS、WINDOWSRankⅡ: VISUAL BASIC，VISUAL FOXPRO，QBASIC，FORTRAN，C， FOXBASE RankⅢ : PC technology、Information management、Internet technology、Data base RankⅣ: Ability to systems analysis and systems project全国计算机一级证书 First-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机二级证书 Second-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机三级证书 Third-level Certificate for National Computer全国计算机四级证书 Fourth-level Certificate for National Computer导游证Guide ID Card (Guide Identity of Identification Card)导游资格证书Guide Certificate秘书证Secretary Card中级涉外秘书证Intermediate Foreign Secretary Card会计证Accounting Certificate会计从业资格证书: Certificate of Accounting Professional初级职务（助理会计）证书 Sub-accountant Certificate Preliminary Level中级职称Intermediate Certificate管理会计师证书: Certificate in Management Accounting注册会计师证书: (CPA Certificate)Certificate of Certified Public Accountant注册金融分析师（CFA）Chartered Financial Analyst特许公认会计师（ACCA）The Association of Chartered AccountantsCAD工程师认证证书CAD Engineer Certification电工证Electrician certificate技工证书Technician Certificate教师资格证Teacher Certification心理辅导教师资格证书Psychological Counseling Teacher Certificate报关员资格证书Clerk for the Customs Declaration报关员证书Customs Declaration Certificate人力资源从业资格证书 Qualification of Human Resources Practitioners驾驶证Driver’s License国家司法考试证书National Judicial Examination certificate（lawyer's qualificatio n certificate）律师资格证书Attorney’s certificate企业法律顾问执业资格证书 Enterprise Counsel Qualification Certificate法律顾问Legal Adviser律师助理证Assistant Lawyer Certificate会计从业资格证Certificate of Accounting Professional初级会计职称Junior Level Accountant中级会计职称Medium Level Accountant高级职称Advanced Level Accountant注册会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPC）注册税务师Certified Tax Agents(CTA )经济师Economist精算师Actuary审计师Auditor统计师Actuary物流师职业资格证书Certificate of International Logistics Specialist国际物流师Certified International Logistics Specialist (CILS)国际电子商务师职业资格认证 Certification of International E-Commerce Specialist国际电子商务师Certified International E-Commerce Specialist（CIECS）市场营销师Marketing Manager特许市场营销师Certified Marketing Manager (CMM)初级营销职业证书Introductory Certificate in Marketing市场营销职业证书Certificate in Marketing国际商务谈判师Certificated International Professional Negotiator ( CIPN)投资咨询师Investment Counselor人力资源管理Human Resource Management ( HRM )中国职业经理人资格认证 Certificate of Chinese Professional Manager中国职业经理人Chinese Professional Manager ( CPM )注册国际投资分析师Certified International Investment Analyst( CIIA )注册金融分析师Chartered Financial Analyst ( CFA )注册金融策划师Certified Financial Planner（CFP）认证金融理财师Associate Financial Planner (AFP)金融风险管理师Financial Risk Manager （FRM）证券从业资格证书Certificate of Securities国际贸易单证员证书Certificate of International Commercial Documents报关员资格证书Certificate of Customs Specialist报检员资格证书Certificate of Inspection公务员考试Civil Servants Exam计算机技术与软件专业技术（水平）资格考试Computer Technology and Software Expertise (level) Qualification Examination网络工程师Network Engineer软件设计师Software Architect数据库分析师Database Analyst网络管理员Webmaster信息系统项目管理师Information Systems Project Management Division网络规划设计师Network Planning Designer多媒体应用设计师Multimedia designer电力工程证书Certificate in Electrical Engineering国际电子商务师Certified International E-Commerce Specialist (CIECS）一、二级建造师Grade1/2 Constructor造价工程师Cost Engineer注册房地产估价师Certified Real Estate Appraiser质量工程师Quality Assurance Engineer城市规划师Urban Planner公路造价师Highway Cost Estimator工程造价师Budgeting Specialist化学检验员Chemistry Testing Laboratory Technician化学技能证书Chemical Skills Certificate药品检验员Drug Inspector四、校运会第一名The First Prize第二名The Second Prize第三名The Third Prize惠州学院健美操比赛Competition of Body-building Exercises校运会篮球比赛Basketball Matches in Sports-meeting of Huizhou University校运会男子100米 Men’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou Univ ersity校运会女子100米 Women’s 100-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou Uni versity校运会男子200米 Men’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou Univ ersity校运会女子200米 Women’s 200-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou Uni versity校运会男子1500米 Men’s 1500-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou Uni versity校运会女子800米 Women’s 800-metre Race in the Sports-meeting of Huizhou Uni versity校运会男女跳高比赛Men/Women’s High Jump Matches校运会男女三级跳比赛Men/Women’s Triple Jump Matches校运会男子110米栏Men’s 110-metre Hurdle Race校运会男女铅球Men/Women’s Shot Put校运会男女标枪Men/Women’s javelin throwing五、艺术节博客大赛Blog Contest“金话筒·”主持人大赛Golden Microphone Host Competition惠州学院十大歌手Top Ten Singers of Huizhou University创意T台服装设计大赛Creative Fashion Design Competition惠州学院丰湖之星Fenghu Stars of Huizhou University激浪黑板报大赛Wave Blackboard Poster Competition“激浪个性我创”涂鸦比赛 Wave Creative Graffiti Competition“墨迹杯”书画大赛Chinese Ink Cup Calligraphy and Painting Competition军训优秀通讯员Excellent Correspondent in Military Training军训先进个人Advanced Individual in Military Training十佳社团Top Ten Outstanding Associations体育道德风尚奖PE Morality Award优秀指导教师奖Excellent Guide Teacher Award突出贡献奖Outstanding Contribution Award工作创新奖Innovation Award团队建设奖Teamwork Award最佳台风奖Best Stage Style Award最佳人气奖Best Popularity Award优秀组织奖Outstanding Organization Award最佳创意奖Best Creativity Award优秀团体奖Excellent Group Award优秀节目奖Best Program Award十佳新秀奖Top Ten Outstanding Rising Stars Award最具潜质奖Most Potentiality Award最佳才艺奖Outstanding Talent Award最佳气质奖Outstanding Quality Award最佳口才奖Best Eloquence Award最佳演员奖Best Actor Award最佳剧本奖Best Script Award优秀会员Excellent Member最佳辩手Best Debater优秀辩手Excellent Debater六、协会法律促进协会Law Promotion Association模拟法庭竞赛 Moot Court Competition英语口语协会Oral English Institute交流会 Exchange Meeting —— Make Our Voice Heard书法协会Calligraphy Association“亲近中国文化，了解汉字” Get Close to the Chinese culture, Get to Learn Chinese CharactersX－GAME协会X-GAME AssociationX-GAME创新表演大赛 X-GAME Innovation contests心理健康促进协会 Association of Advancement of Mental Health“心灵之交”Meeting Soul-mates峥嵘乒乓球协会 Association of Zhengrong Table Tennis“我最有才”峥嵘乒乓球比赛 Zhengrong Cup Table Tennis Contest足球协会Football Association“新生杯”足球争霸赛之各系荣耀大战 Freshmen Cup Football Match of all Departme nts—Glory War毽球协会Shuttlecock Association毽球新风采”毽球大比拼 New Style Shuttlecock Competition篮球协会Basketball Association“三人篮球赛”Three-player Basketball Match旅游爱好者协会 Travel Enthusiasts Association创意风筝节 Creative Kite Festival演讲与口才协会 Speech and Eloquence Association“环境保护，重在行动”演讲比赛 Take Action to Protect Environment Speech Contest奕林棋协Yi-lin Chinese Chess Association“奕林棋协棋王争霸赛”Yi-lin Chinese Chess Conpetition企业与市场调研协会 Business and Marketing Research Association职业经理人挑战赛 Professional managers Challenge Match飞翔舞协Flying Dance Association假面舞会 Masque Ball新春柳话剧社Reborn Drama Association“我心飞扬”剧本创作大赛及公演 Flying Heart Script-writing Contest摄影协会Photography Association“生活”摄影展 Life Photo Exhibition七、其他学生会Student Union团委会Youth League Committee学生社团Students’ Association体育部Sports Department文艺部Arts Department学习部Learning Department女生部Girls Department心理发展部Psychological Development Department外联部Public Relations Department宣传部Propaganda Department生活部Life Department纪检部Discipline Inspection Department秘书部Secretary Department组织部Organization Department编辑部Editorial Department学生会主席President of the Student Union团委会书记Secretary of the Youth League Committee团支书League Branch Secretary团支书Secretary of the Youth League Branch Committee副书记Vice Secretary秘书长Secretary-general学术部干事 a member of the Academic Department宿舍长Head of the dormitory优秀团员Excellent League Member班长Monitor/ Class President副班长Vice-monitor文体委员Recreation & Sports Secretary学习委员Study Secretary生活委员Life Secretary宣传委员Publicity Secretary生活委员Organization Secretary勤工俭学Work-study Program青年志愿者协会Youth Volunteers Association政治辅导员Political Tutors晚会主持人Host on the entertainment / evening party礼仪队Reception Team/ Protocol Team三下乡Volunteer Activities for the Country People综合测评Comprehensive Evaluation of Students’ Performance 预备党员Probationary Party Member入党积极分子Applicant for Party Membership综合素质优秀学生Excellent Student of Comprehensive Quality优秀青年志愿者Outstanding Young Volunteer校园十杰Ten Prominent Youth on Campus / Top Ten Youth on Camp us品学兼优的学生Student of Good Character and Scholarship模拟招聘会Mock Interviews军训Military Training艺术团Art Troupe义教Voluntary Teaching迎新晚会Welcome Party for the Freshmen招聘会Job Fair广播站Broadcasting Station学生处Students Affairs Department舍管houseparent社会活动social/ public activities课外活动extracurricular activities社会实践social practice学术活动academic activities籍贯native place婚姻状况marital status家庭状况family status可到职时间date of availability教育程度educational background课程curriculum职业目标career objective主修major工作目标employment objective副修minor希望职位position wanted优良学风班Class of Good Style Study团结合作Solidarity and Cooperation创新能力Creative Ability沟通能力Communicational Ability兼职Part-time Job促销员Sales Promoter派传单Deliver pamphlets市场调研Marketing Research乒乓球协会Table Tennis Association社团艺术节Community Festival招聘网站Recruitment Site党支部Party Branch家教Tutor英语培训中心English training centre成绩优异Outstanding Academic Results学业技能Academic Skills思想品行Ideological Morality文体表现Arts and Sports Performance社团艺术节Community Festival实习Internship各类奖学金一、校内奖学金国家奖学金: National Scholarship国家励志奖学金：National Scholarship for Encouragement 校一等奖：The First Prize Scholarship校二等奖：The Second Prize Scholarship校三等奖：The Third Prize Scholarship单项奖学金：Individual Scholarship二、捐赠奖学金1 千金药业奖学金 The Qianjin Pharmaceutical Scholarship2 奇瑞21世纪东方之子奖学金 The 21st Century Chery Oriental Son Scholarship3 台骅奖学金 The TaiHua Scholarship4 澳洲校友会奖学金 The Australian Alumni Association Scholarship5 松下电器育英基金奖学金 The Panasonic Electronics YUYING Fund Scholarship6 陈翠娥优秀贫困医学本科生奖学金 The ChenCuie Scholarship for excellent medical u ndergraduates under poverty7 姚志斌、谭笑夫妇优秀贫困医学生本科生奖学金 The Scholarship of YaoZhibin and hi s wife TanXiao for excellent medical undergraduates under poverty8 黄金城、朱嘉梨夫妇医学奖学金 The Medical Scholarship of Huang Jincheng and his wife Zhu Jiali9 中国宋庆龄基金会宝马优秀大学生奖学金 The BMW China Song Ching Ling Foundati on Scholarship for Outstanding University Students (The BMW Scholarship)10 许崇清奖学金 The Xu Chongqing Scholarship11 商承祚奖学金 The Shang Chengzuo Scholarship12 汇丰银行 The HSBC Bank Scholarship13 珠海可口可乐优秀学生奖学金 The Zhuhai Coca-Cola Scholarship for Outstanding S tudents14 香港加拿大同学会奖学金 The Scholarship of Canadian Alumni Association in Hong Kong15 南方都市报新闻奖学金 The Southern Metropolis Daily News Scholarship16 住友商事奖学金 The Sumitomo Corporation Scholarship17 三星奖学金 The Samsung Scholarship18 丰田奖学金 The Toyota Scholarship19 宝钢教育基金优秀学生奖学金 The Baogang Scholarship20 花旗金融信息科技优秀奖学金 The Citi Bank’s Financial Information Technology Sc holarship.21 中国惠普优秀学生奖学金 The HP Chinese Excellent Student Scholarship22 IBM中国优秀学生奖学金 The IBM Chinese Excellent Student Scholarship23 恒生银行奖学金 The Hang Seng Bank Scholarship24 LG化学奖学金 The LG Chemical Scholarship25 时代地产奖学金 The Times Real Estate Scholarship26 邹鲁奖学金 The Zou Lu Scholarship27 李龙镳奖学金 The Lee Yong-Biao Scholarship28 杜邦奖学金 The Dupont Scholarship29 爱普生基金奖学金 The EPSON Foundation Scholarship30 广东柯麟医学教育基金优秀学生奖学金 The Guangdong KeLin Medical Education Fu nd Scholarship for Outstanding Students31 光华教育奖学金 The GuangHua Educational Scholarship32 卫生部国际交流与合作中心.第一三共医药学奖学金 The Medical Scholarship by Daiic hi-Sankyo Corporation33 广州赛莱拉生物基因工程优秀学生奖学金 Guangzhou Celera Biology Genetic Engine ering Scholarship for Outstanding Students34 中山医美东校友会优秀本科生奖学金 The Scholarship of Zhongshan Medical Alumni Association of the United States and East for Outstanding Undergraduate35 文鹏凌夫妇医学奖学金 The Wen Pengling Couple Medical Scholarship36 刘焯霖神经病学奖学金 The Liu Zhuolin Neurology Scholarship37 许天禄夫妇奖学金 The Xu Tianlu Couple Scholarship38 周肇平骨科奖学金 The Zhou Zhaoping Orthopedic Scholarship39 平安励志奖学金 Ping An Endeavourers Scholarship40 雷诺丽特奖学金 The Renolit Scholarship41 大新银行 The Dah Sing Bank Scholarship42 三井住友银行奖学金 The Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC) Scholarshi p;43 亚洲教育慈善基金奖学金 The Asia Education Charitable Fund Scholarship44 钱剑辉神经病学奖学金 The Qian Jianhui Neurology Scholarship45 佐丹奴奖学金 The Giordano Scholarship46 卫材（中国）药业奖学金 The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Scholarship47 卫材（中国）药业优秀学生奖学金 The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Scholarship for outstanding students48 卫材（中国）药业社会活动单项奖学金 The Eisai (China) Pharmaceutical Individual Scholarship for social activities49 南富士杉山播种奖学金 The South Fujitsu Sugiyama Planting Scholarship三、港澳侨台奖学金The First/Second/Third Prize of Hong Kong, Macau and Overseas Chinese Scholarshi p四、优秀毕业生Outstanding Graduates Awards。
CHINA’S VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND
CHINA’S VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ANDTRAINING: THE NEXT KEY TARGET OFEDUCATION PROMOTIONYAN HaoEAI Background Brief No. 516Date of Publication: 1 April 2010Executive Summary1.Vocational education and training (VET) is a key component of China’seducational system. In early 2009, the Chinese government designated VET as the next key target of education promotion to answer emerging challenges from both inside and outside the educational system.2.VET is identified as a weak area in an ideal, balanced educational structure,after the successful 9-year compulsory education and expansion of higher education in recent years.3.VET is also highly valued for its employment enhancing effect. Three factorscontributed to the rising need for VET: critical shortage of qualified technicians and skilled workers, mass unemployment due to the economic downturn, and high employability of vocational school graduates.4.The current VET system in China is multi-faceted. The merit of thiscomplicated system is that everybody can find something to fit their specific needs. However, it also causes unwanted confusion and problems.5.To tackle the problems the VET sector faces, the government has adopted aseries of policies and measures. Priority will be given to the promotion of VET at the secondary level and in rural areas. Targets were set to fulfill two major tasks in the foreseeable future: expanding total enrolment of VET institutions and improving the quality of education.6.Singapore’s VET providers may find greater opportunities in expanding theiroperation in China, thanks to four favorable conditions: the Chinese government’s recent policy of VET promotion, reputation of Singaporeans’ expertise and professionalism, fewer language barriers and the cordial relationship between China and Singapore nurtured by senior leaders of the two countries.CHINA’S VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING:THE NEXT KEY TARGET OF EDUCATION PROMOTIONYAN Hao∗1.1In China, vocational education and training (VET) refers to technicaleducation and skills training provided by pre-employment programs, job transfer programs, apprentice programs, on-the-job programs and various certificate programs. According to China’s 1996 Vocational Education Law,1VET is a key component of China’s educational system,2and an important means to promote employment, economic growth and social advancement.1.2The Chinese government has attached great importance to VET since thefounding of the People’s Republic in 1949. The 1996 Vocational Education Law and the State Council’s 2002 Decision on Vigorously Promoting the Reform and Development of VET3represents the government’s renewed effort at supporting VET after the Cultural Revolution. In the 2005 national conference on VET, a new document, the Decision on Accelerating the Growth of VET,4was issued by the State Council as a guideline for VET development during the 11th Five-Year period (2006-2010).1.3VET programs in China have made marked progress in recent years.According to the Ministry of Education,5 the number of tertiary VET institutes∗Yan Hao is Associate Research Fellow at the Research Institute of Social Development of the National Development and Reform Commission, China. He is grateful to Professor John Wong for his insight and comments in the earlier drafts of this background brief.1The Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China.2See Appendix I: China’s educational system at a glance.3The State Council’s Decision on Vigorously Promoting the Reform and Development of Vocational Education in China (2002) No. 16.4The State Council’s Decision on Vigorously Promoting the Development of Vocational Education in China (2005) No 35.5/fa_bu_hui_xin_xi_906/20090527/t20090527_380540.shtmlreached 1,184 and total enrolment reached 9 million, accounting for one third of total enrolment at 27 million in tertiary education as a whole. The number of secondary VET schools reached 14,767 and total enrolment reached 20.6 million, only about 20% less than the 25.3 million in ordinary senior high schools.1.4In his annual report to the People’s Congress in March 2009, Premier WenJiabao announced that China will promote VET with greater efforts. Priority will be given to secondary VET, particularly VET in rural areas. On behalf of the State Council, Zhou Ji, Minister of Education, delivered a report on VET reform and development in China on 22 April 2009 to the Standing Committee of the National Congress.6He promised to make VET a strategic center of education promotion and a key target for optimizing the educational structure.This shift in policy is widely seen as an answer to the emerging challenges from both inside and outside the educational system.VET: A weak link in educational system2.1VET has been identified by the Chinese government as a weak area in an ideal,balanced educational structure, after the achievement of the 9-year compulsory education and the expansion of higher education in recent years.2.2The 9-year compulsory education program (6 years for primary education plus3 years of lower secondary education) was launched when China’s firstCompulsory Education Law took effect in 1986. The program goal was achieved by the end of the 1990s as gross enrolment ratios in primary education increased from 95.9% in 1985 to 99.5% in 2007 and in lower secondary education from 36.7% to 98.0%.2.3 A natural development after this achievement is the growing demand forhigher secondary education among lower secondary school graduates. In 2008,8.4 million of 19 million junior high school leavers went to general senior highschools in preparation for studies at universities or polytechnics, and 8.16The State Council’s Report on the Reform and Development of Vocational Education in China, 22 April 2009.million went to vocational high schools in preparation for employment.However, there were still 2.5 million young people who directly entered the workforce without any proper training in knowledge and skills.2.4In 1999, the Chinese government expanded higher education to meet thegrowing need for qualified people in general, and to stimulate domestic demand in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis in particular. In the following years, China has witnessed an unprecedented rapid growth in higher education. In 6 years from 2000 to 2006, for example, the number of higher educational institutions increased by 1.8 times from 1,041 to 1,867. During the same period, total undergraduate enrolment increased by 3.1 times from 5.5 million to 17.4 million, and graduate enrolment rose by 3.7 times from 0.3 million to 11.1 million. As a result, gross tertiary enrolment ratio increased from 10.5% to 23%, indicating that China is moving from the phase of elite higher education into the phase of mass higher education.7 Nevertheless, whether the expansion has shown any positive effect on domestic demand still remains a controversial topic.2.5With regard to VET, the recent expansion of higher education has a mixedimpact. On the one hand, VET at the tertiary level has been boosted considerably as the number of tertiary VET institutions increases and total enrolment grows. For example, the number of polytechnics and tertiary vocational institutes increased by 2.6 times from 442 in 2000 to 1,147 in 2006.On the other hand, VET at the secondary level grows relatively slowly as more and more junior high school graduates opt for general senior high schools as there is more opportunity for pursuing university studies. From 2000 to 2006, for example, the total enrolment of general senior high schools increased by2.1 times from 12 million to 25.1 million, while that of vocational highschools increased by only 1.5 times from 12.1 million to 18.1 million.87 According to Martin Trow, the transition of higher education can be divided into 3 phases by gross enrolment ratio (GER): the elite phase = GER 0-15%, the mass phase = GER 15-50%, and the universal phase = GER 50+.8See Appendix II and appendix III.2.6The expansion policy has not only a mixed impact but also a mixedassessment result. Falling teaching standards and rising unemployment amongcollege graduates are the two most frequently mentioned side-effects. In a press conference in October 2008, an official of the Ministry of Education admitted that the 1999 policy was made to some extent prematurely, and the fast expansion of higher education so far is apparently unsustainable.9 It isdecided that the growth of freshmen enrolment will be capped at 4% in 2009and 3% in 2010. Once the enrolment of higher educational institutions slowsdown, it is natural that general senior high schools can hardly expand as fast asbefore. In this situation, therefore, to promote VET with greater efforts becomes a wise choice for the government to achieve its education promotiongoals stated in the National Guidelines of Education Reform and Development.10VET to serve employment directly3.1VET is also highly valued for its employment enhancing effect, especially inthe current economic difficulties. Commenting on VET programs in Jiangsu, Premier Wen Jiaobao raised in early 2009 two issues relevant to tackling theeconomic downturn: one is to keep economic growth from major fluctuations,and the other is to avoid mass unemployment. He pointed out that job creationrelies not only on economic growth, but also on skills training of workers.Therefore, VET should serve employment directly. “Serving employment directly” becomes now a guiding principle of all VET programs in China.3.2Three factors contribute to the rising need for VET on China’s labor market:critical shortage of qualified technicians and skilled workers, mass unemployment due to the economic downturn, and high employability of VETschool graduates.9/08/1009/15/4NQTHUCV0001124J.html10An Outline of the National Medium and Long-Term Plan for Education Reform and Development in China, 2010-2010, Draft I, August, 2008.3.3China has the largest population and the largest labor force in the world. Theabundant supply of cheap labor is one of the major contributing factors to theeconomic miracle taking place in China over the last 30 years. However, the overall level of knowledge and skills of China’s labor force is relatively low.According to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, only halfof China’s 140 million employees of urban enterprises can be classified as skilled. Among skilled workers, 60% have junior certificates, 35% intermediate certificates and 3.5% senior certificates. This skills mix differs alot from that of industrialized countries, where the respective figures stand at 15%, 50% and 35%. Therefore, there is a growing demand for qualified technicians and skilled workers, particularly in the manufacturing sector of thecoastal regions.3.4As the 2008 labor market statistics of 113 cities show,11 demand is higher thansupply in almost all technical and skilled categories judging by the job opening to application ratio: for senior technicians at 2.4:1, technicians at2.1:1, senior skilled workers at 1.8:1, intermediate skilled workers at 1.5:1,and junior skilled workers at 1:1. The situation becomes increasingly critical in recent years, as the number of senior skilled workers contracts quickly dueto retirement.3.5China’s economy suffers from the lack of qualified and skilled personnel inmany ways: (a) Technical skills and craftsmanship of workers are essential formaking quality products. It is estimated that 30% of Chinese products cannotpass qualification tests due to failures in skill, resulting in an annual loss of RMB 200 billion; (b) Many advanced equipment sets and production lines, including imported ones, cannot operate normally or in full capacity, or are even left to stand idle due to the lack of qualified engineers or maintenance workers; (c) It becomes a vicious circle where low skilled workers lead to lowproductivity and low productivity leads to low pay, attracting few qualified personnel. Therefore, it is hard for the Chinese economy as a whole to achievetechnical upgrading, raise profit margin by producing high value-added goods11/gb/data/2008-05/05/content_235424.htmand services, enhance competiveness and expand its share in the world’s high-end market.3.6The current economic downturn has so far left tens of millions of workersjobless or laid-off in China, including 25 million migrant workers from rural areas. To help the unemployed find a job is important not only to people’s livelihood but also to social stability. The State Council document No. 1 of 2009 has listed three measures to help unemployed migrant workers: creating more jobs in infrastructure sectors and public services in cities, introducing large-scale welfare-to-work programs in the countryside, and launching massive VET sessions in rural areas.123.7Meanwhile, a special VET project for the period of 2009-2010 was initiatedjointly by the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance.13 The project aims to promote VET among temporarily redundant employees of enterprises in difficulties, return migrant workers in the countryside, the hardcore unemployed and new labor market entrants in cities. Rural participants can apply for special funding to cover tuition fees. The target is to train up to 15 million person-times in two years’ time. The major contents of the project have been introduced to the world by Yin Weimin, Minister of Human Resources and Social Security, at the ILO Summit on the Global Jobs Crisis (15-17 June 2009, Geneva).3.8According to the 2009 graduate employment report,14 the employment rate ofcollege students was 86% in 2008, down by 2 percentage points over the previous year. However, there are marked differences from one field of study to another, with the highest rates registered in engineering and management sciences and the lowest in law and philosophy. As many as 27.7% of the graduates ended up working in areas not matching their professional training.12The Opinions of the CCP Central Committee and The State Council on Promoting the Steady Growth of Agriculture and the Continued Increase of Farmer’s Income, 2009.13The Circulation Concerning the Implementation of the Special Vocatinal Training Program (2009) No. 8.14 China Annual Graduate Employment Report 2009.The report finds that employers generally prefer graduates from polytechnics to those from universities. The latter is considered a “luxury” in times of economic difficulty. Meanwhile, the first job wage for the 2008 cohort also dropped, from the highest by 14% for university graduates to the lowest by 5% for polytechnic graduates, compared to 2007. This implies that graduates of polytechnics (or tertiary vocational-technical colleges) have a better chance of not only finding a job but also having a stable income.3.9Similar phenomenon can also be observed in secondary vocational schools.According to the Ministry of Education, the employment rate of graduates from secondary VET schools was 95.8% in 2008,15down by only 0.6 percentage points over the previous year but still 10 percentage points higher than that of college graduates. The skills training courses with the highest rates were manufacturing (97.6%), information technology (96.5%), retail and hospitality (95%) and civil engineering (95%). The rest of the skills courses registered a rate above 90%. Therefore, some education experts predict that the high employability of their graduates may make VET schools more attractive to prospective students and their parents in future.16China’s VET system in different perspectives4.1The current VET system in China, though a complicated system, enableseveryone to find something to fit his or her specific need.4.2By level of education: According to the 1996 Vocational Education Law,China’s VET falls into three levels: primary, secondary and tertiary. Now that the 9-year compulsory education becomes universal, vocational education at the primary level loses its importance gradually.4.3Four types of non-university institutes provide VET courses at the tertiarylevel: (a) Vocational-technical colleges or polytechnic colleges (高等职业技15/edu/system/2009/05/31/010542373.shtml16/main/20071215118430/Page/200852215262159/NewsDetail.asp? NewsId=200963022354451术学院 or shortly高职) provide 2- to 3-year diploma courses of occupational and technical training. Polytechnic colleges now play a key role in China’s tertiary level VET. (b) Specialized junior colleges (高等专业学校 or 高专) provide 2 to 3-year diploma courses mainly for capacity building rather than technical training. Currently, only a small number of normal colleges belong to this category. (c) Technician colleges (技师学院) provide 2 to 3-year certificate courses specially designed for the state occupational license qualification of technicians; and (d) Adult higher educational institutes (成人高等学校) provide full time and part-time certificate courses to people who want to pursue higher education for capacity building, knowledge enrichment, or self improvement.4.4Four types of VET schools provide VET courses at higher secondary level: (a)Specialized high schools (中等职业技术学校 or中职) provide 3-year certificate courses. This is the most popular form of VET in China. After graduation, students are more likely to enter the labor market directly. (b) Vocational high schools (职业高中 or 职高) are VET schools transformed only lately from general senior high schools. After graduation, students either enter the labor market or progress further to polytechnic colleges. (c) Skilled worker schools (技工学校) provide 3-year certificate courses specially designed for the state occupational license qualification of skilled workers;and (d) Adult specialized high schools (成人中等专业学校 or 成人中专) provide full-time and part-time courses for those who want to pursue senior high school education. Most short-term courses of occupational and technical training can be grouped into this category as well, since prospective applicants must complete junior high schools.4.5By administration: For historical reasons, the responsibility of VETadministration in China is divided between the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (formerly the Ministry of Labor). The former pays more attention to occupational and technical education while the latter pays more attention to skills training.4.6The responsibility of VET administration at the Ministry of Education isfurther divided between the Department of Higher Education and the Department of Vocational and Adult Education. The former is in charge of VET colleges and institutes, including polytechnic colleges, specialized juniorcolleges and adult higher educational institutes, while the latter is in charge ofVET schools, including specialized high schools, vocational high schools andadult specialized high schools.4.7At the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Department ofOccupational Capacity Building is responsible for the administration of VET programs in technician colleges and skills worker schools. The department is well positioned for the task because it is also in charge of formulating occupational skills standards, assessing skills qualifications and issuing occupational/professional licenses. In cooperation with the Department of Employment Promotion, the department overlooks short-term skills training programs run by 3,173 human resources service centers (job centers).4.8At the national level, the two ministries have similar tasks of VETadministration, including strategic planning and policy making, cross-region coordination, setting VET standards and curriculum development. At the locallevel, the respective education departments and labor departments are responsible for the daily routines of VET administration, including budget allocation and personnel management of state-run VET institutions.4.9In theory, the two ministries may exercise their responsibilities independentlybecause of varied interests and targets. However, differences and confusion cannot be ruled out completely in practice. There have been calls for measuresto strengthen coordination and cooperation between the two ministries.Nevertheless, in the National Guidelines of Education Reform and Development, it is stated only vaguely that “the education authority coordinates and administers VET programs in an integrated manner, while other relevant departments exercise their respective responsibilities”. Some experts, therefore, suggest the reorganization of the Ministry of Education intothe Ministry of General and Vocational Education by taking over all VETresponsibilities from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.Another option put forth is the setting up of an independent ministry, either called the Ministry of Vocational Education and Training or the Ministry of Education No. II to look after VET matters.17As a temporary measure, the State Council approved in 2004, the establishment of an inter-ministerial liaison meeting mechanism18to coordinate activities of the seven ministries related to VET: the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Personnel, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Poverty Alleviation Office.4.10By organizational status: Before the reform, VET colleges and schools wererun primarily by the state, but for a small number by enterprises. After the reform, the government has adopted a series of measures to encourage the involvement of non-state sectors in VET development. At present, non-state VET providers are very active at various levels and in various forms of VET, particularly in the field of short-term certificate courses. Unlike state VET institutions that are managed by relevant government departments and financed by government budget, non-state VET providers are financially independent and usually have high degree of autonomy in decision making.They are therefore much more flexible in developing and tailoring their VET courses to meet changing market needs.4.11Non-state VET providers can be further divided into two groups: the not-for-profit and the commercial. Enterprises and sectoral associations are the two main players in the not-for-profit group. To provide VET courses to their employees is a legal obligation required by the Vocational Education Law. In 2008, there were over 22,000 training centers ran by enterprises of various industries. Other active players include mass organizations like trade unions, the women’s federation and the youth league, social and professional associations, and various NGOs. Recently, the army has also launched its own17/09/0522/04/59T0MC4V00253B0H.html18The State Council’s Approval of the Establishment of the Inter-Ministrial Liaison Meeting Mechanism.VET programs to bring up a large number of “servicemen for dual uses”(military and civilian uses, 军地两用人才) through professional education, military drills and vocational training.4.12China has witnessed a fast growth of commercial VET institutions in recentyears. In 2008, for example, the number of commercial VET providers reached 21,811 nationally. Labeled as non-state, non-enterprise units (民办非企业机构), commercial VET institutions are treated differently from ordinary businesses. They are required to not only be registered at the taxation office and the civil affairs department, but also apply to the education department fora license in advance.4.13Except for a small number of VET colleges, commercial VET providers aremainly engaged in secondary level, short-term certificate courses designed in line with the state occupational and professional qualification standards. These certificates are extremely necessary to those who are either looking for a job or seeking a promotion. Because they are well targeted and highly practical, VET courses provided by commercial institutions are becoming increasingly popular nowadays. The most successful story comes from New Oriental Education and Technology Group in Beijing, which grows in just 13 years from a small class to a New York stock market listed company. By the end of 2007, the company had trained over 10 million person-times in its 40 branches at home and abroad. Yu Hongmin, the founding father of New Oriental, is considered the richest teacher in China, with a total fortune of US$121 million.4.14China Society of Vocational Education and Training, established in 1990, isthe national organization for facilitating coordination and cooperation among VET institutions of different background. It also has a department responsible for exchange with foreign VET organizations.4.15By key school status: The separation of key schools from ordinary schools isa common phenomenon at all levels of education in China. The VET sector isno exception. Key schools usually enjoy high reputation and rich resources for high-quality education, effective management, and standardized facilities. Inrecent years, the government has made efforts to downgrade the importance ofkey schools at the compulsory education level in order to equalize basic education provision. In VET institutions, however, the aim of identifying key schools is to set high standards for teaching quality and school management.4.16In 2006, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance announced ajoint project “Tertiary VET 211”19to make available an additional RMB 2 billion by the end of 2009 to upgrade 100 state exemplary tertiary vocational colleges (国家示范性高等职业院校). Since 2003, the Ministry of Education has published an annual list of key state vocational high schools (国家级重点中等职业学校). Education departments of provincial governments also identify key vocational high schools at local levels. By the end of 2008, there were about 2,000 state designated key VET schools and 3,000 provincially designated key VET schools.4.17The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has established its ownsystem of recognizing key VET schools since 1989. By the end of 2007, the Ministry had listed 618 key state skilled worker schools (国家重点技工学校).Among them, 397 were also awarded the title of advanced skilled worker schools (高级技工学校) for achieving S09000 standards.Problems and major measures of VET promotion5.1According to the State Council’s report of April 2009, China’s VET sectorcurrently faces 6 problems: (a) underdeveloped VETs which failed to produce sufficient and qualified skilled manpower to meet the needs of China’s socio-economic development; (b) defects in VET administration and management systems at macro and micro levels; (c) lack of coordination between tertiary and secondary VET, as well as between VET and general education; (d) poorly designed courses and curriculums which are also not well-targeted for practical employment needs; (e) shortage of teaching personnel and unsatisfactory teaching quality; and (f) inadequate resources and poor facilities.19 A follow-up of the project “Higher Education 211” launched by the Ministry of Education in 1995 to upgrade 100 key universities so as to improve the overall standard of higher education in China in the 21st century.5.2To tackle the aforementioned problems, the government has adopted a seriesof VET promotion targets and measures. First, greater importance will be attached to VET in China’s development plans and efforts will be made to achieve a balanced growth between VET and other education sectors. At present, priority will be given to VET at the secondary level in general and inrural areas in particular.5.3The administrative system of VET is subject to further reform outlined in theNational Guidelines of Education Reform and Development. At the nationallevel, the inter-ministerial liaison meeting mechanism is responsible for formulating major VET strategies and policies. At the local level, provincialgovernments are responsible for planning, resource allocation and supervision.The government will continue to play a leading role in VET funding, whilepeople from all walks of life are encouraged to participate in VET provision.5.4Two tasks of VET promotion are set for the foreseeable future: expandingtotal enrolment of VET institutions and improving quality of education. Theexpansion targets include (a) Secondary VET institutions: annual freshmen enrolment of 8.6 million, and total student enrolment of 24 million; (b) Tertiary VET institutions: annual freshmen enrolment of 3 million, and totalstudent enrolment of 10 million; and (c) Short-term VET courses of varioustypes: total trainees of 150 million person-times annually. From 2009, the current tuition allowance program has extended from a small number of poorstudents to all students of secondary VET schools.5.5Quality of education is vital to the growth of the VET sector and theemployability of VET graduates and trainees. VET programs and courses should be practice-oriented and labor market-oriented and VET training should combine school learning with hands-on practices. More resources willbe made available to upgrade school facilities and attract more qualified teaching personnel. Successful graduates will be issued both a school qualification certificate and an occupational-professional qualification certificate under the “dual certificate” system.。
大学英语四级考试套题训练
大学英语四级考试套题训练大学英语四级考试套题训练藏书再多，倘不阅读，就是一堆废纸;读书再多，倘不应用，就是一朵不结果实的花蕾。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的.大学英语四级考试套题训练，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多经常内容请及时关注我们店铺!Part I Writing (30 minutes)Net-surfing Are You Ready?Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Trouble With T elevisionIt is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages, by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become anastronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it.The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain.Television's variety becomes a anesthetic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attractionexcept on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.Capturing your attentionand holding itis the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attentionanyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation throughvariety, novelty, action and movement. Quite simply, television operates on the appeal to the short attention span.It is simply the easiest way out. But it has come to be regarded as a given, as inherent in the medium itself; as an imperative, as though General Sarnoff, or one of the other august pioneers of video, had bequeathed(遗留;传于) to us tablets of stone commanding that nothing in television shall ever require more than a few moments' Concentration.In its place that is fine. Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as a mass-marketing tool? But I see its values now pervading this nation and its life. It has become fashionable to think that, like fast food, fast ideas are the way to get to a fast-moving, impatient public.In the case of news, this practice, in my view, results in inefficient communication. I question how much of television's nightly news effort is really absorbable and understandable. Much of it is what has been aptly described as "machine-gunning with scraps." I think the technique fights coherence. I think it tends to make things ultimately boring (unless they are accompanied by horrifying pictures) because almost anything is boring if you know almost nothing about it.I believe that TV's appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient communication but decivilizing as well. Consider the casual assumptions that television tends to cultivate: that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought, that verbal precision is an anachronism. It may be old-fashioned, but I was taught that thought is words, arranged in grammatically precise.There is a crisis of literacy in this country. One study estimates that some 30 million adult Americans are "functionallyilliterate" and cannot read or write well enough to answer the want ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle.Literacy may not be an inalienable human right, but it is one that the highly literate Founding Fathers might not have found unreasonable or even unattainable. We are not only not attaining it as a nation, statistically speaking, but we are falling further and further short of attaining it. And, while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is the cause, I believe it contributes and is an influence.Everything about this nationthe structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world has become more complex, not less. Yet its dominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is all symbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30-second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife who finds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nation surrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Some years ago Yale University law professor Charles L. Black. Jr., wrote: "... forced feeding on trivial fare is not itself a trivial matter-" I think this society is being forced-fed with trivial fare, and I fear that the effects on our habits of mind, our language, our tolerance for effort, and our appetite for complexity are only dimly perceived. If I am wrong, we will have done no harm to look at the issue skeptically and critically, to consider how we should be residing it. I hope you will join with me in doing so.1. In America people do sleeping and watching televisions more than anything else.2. From the passage we know the time an average American spends on watching TV could have made the person learn to become an astronomer or engineer.3. The trouble with TV is that it distracts people’s attention and encourages them to make no efforts toward their life.4. TV programmers base this operation on the attraction of long-span attention of audiences.5. According to the author the improper television operation in American society will be likely to make things eventually boring.6. Americans will face a serious problem of illiteracy due to the negative impact of TV.7. In American society literacy is a certain right that cannot be deprived.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.A coeducational(男女合校的) school offers children nothing less than a tree version of society in miniature(缩影). Boys andgirls are given the 47 to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of 48 ability, athletic achievement and many of the extracurricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical 49 it is (to give just a small example) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense coeducation makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girls or vice versa. When 50 , boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. In a coeducational school, everything falls into its 51 place.The greatest contribution of coeducation is 52 the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don’t grow up believing that women are 53 creatures. Girls don’t grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. Years of living together at school remove illusions of this kind. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and 54 problems involved in growing up. These can better be 55 in a coeducational environment. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fully prepared to 56 society as well-adjusted adults. They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.A)advantageB)properC)rewardedD)emotionalE)opportunityF)activityG)overcomeH)academicI)enterJ)mysteriousK)eventuallyL)segregatedM)undoubtedlyN)principleO)advocateSection BDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Romantic love is a culture trait found primarily in industrialized societies. Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations rather than flights of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunate inconvenience that gets in the way of the ordinary, rational process of mate selection. Traces of this attitude persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to marry “well”-----that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of family background and earning potential. Most Americans, however, see romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance(轻蔑地)at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love plays no part.The phenomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people meet and find one another personally and physically attractive. They become mutually absorbed, start to behave inwhat appears to be a flighty(充满幻想的), even irrational manner, decide that they are right for one another, and may then enter a marriage whose success is expected to be guaranteed by their enduring love. Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed(赞同)throughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV. Romantic love is a noble ideal, and it can certainly provide a basis for the spouses to “live happily ever after.” But a marriage can equally well be founded on much more practical considerations”----as indeed they have been in most societies throughout most of history. Why is romantic love of such importance in the modern world? The reason seems to be that it has some basic functions in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family(小家庭).57. Romantic love is less frequently found in many non-industrial societies because people in these societies_______.A ) firmly believe that only money can make the world go roundB ) fail to bring the imaginative power of the mind into full playC ) fondly think that flights of fancy prevent them from making a correct choice of partnerD ) have far more practical considerations to determine who will marry whom58. The word eligible (in Line5, Para. l), could best be replaced by ____.A ) qualifiedB ) availableC ) chosenD ) influential59. According to the passage, most Americans _____.A) expect their daughters to fall in love with a male at first sightB) regard romantic love as the basis for a successful marriageC) look up to those who marry for the sake of wealthD) consider romantic love to be the most desirable thing in the world60. What can we learn from the second paragraph about romantic love?A) It is a common occurrence among the old. B) It is primarily depicted by books.C) It is characterized by mutual attraction and absorption. D) It is rejected as flighty and irrational.61. The author seems to believe that ___________A) romantic love makes people unable to think clearly in the process of mate selectionB) only romantic love can make a marriage happy ever afterC) much more practical considerations can also be the basis for a successful marriageD) romantic love plays an insignificant role in maintaining the institution of the nuclear familypassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450-1600. The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of this period wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. T othese scholars this meant a return to human. Fulfillment in life became a desirable goal, and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned on. Artists and writers now turned to religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period --- how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed and experienced. They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music --- although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mindthan a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half-though at different rates in different countries---that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.62. What does the author mean by using the word “eventually” in line 3?A) That music historians used the term “Renaissance” after the other historians didB) That most music historians used the term “Renaissance”C) The term “Renaissance” became widely used by art historians but not by music historiansD) That music historians used the term “Renaissance” very differently than it had been used by Jules Michelet63. The phrase "frowned on" in line 9 is closest in meaning toA) given up B) forgotten about C) argued about D) disapproved of64. It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth ofA) communication among artists across EuropeB) spirituality in everyday lifeC) a cultural emphasis on human valuesD) religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes65. According to the passage, why was Bemardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?A) It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians. B) It had little emotional impact on audiences.C) It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.D) It did not contain enough religious themes.66. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the absence of a single Renaissance musical style?A) The musical Renaissance was defined by technique rather than style. B) The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.C) Renaissance musicians adopted the styles of both Greek and Roman musicians. D) During the Renaissance, music never remained the same for very long.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Today the world's economy is going through two great changes, both bigger than an Asian financial crisis here or a European monetary union there.The first change is that a lot of industrial_67_is moving from the United States, Western Europe and Japan to _68 _countries in Latin America, South-East Asia and Eastern Europe. In 1950, the United States alone _69_ for more than half of the world's economy output. In 1990, its _70_ was down to a quarter. By 1990, 40% of IBM's employees were non-Americans; Whirlpool, America's leading _71_ of domestic appliances, cut its American labor force _72_ 10%. Quite soon now, many big western companies will have more _73_ (and customers) in poor countries than in rich _74_ .The second great change is _75_, in the rich countries of the OECD, the balance of economic activity is _76_ from manufacturing to _77_. In the United States and Britain, the _78_ of workers in manufacturing has _79_ since 1900 from around 40% to barely half that. _80_ in Germany and Japan, which rebuilt so many _81_after 1945, manufacturing's share of jobs is now below 30%. The effect of the _82 is increased _83_ manufacturing moves from rich countries to the developing ones, _84_ cheap labor _85_ them a sharp advantage in many of the _86_ tasks required by mass production.67. A. product B. production C. products D. productivity68. A. other B. small C. capitalistic D. developing69. A. accounted B. occupied C. played D. shared70. A. output B. development C. share D. economy71. A. state B. consumer C. representative D. supplier72. A. by B. at C. through D. in73. A. products B. market C. employees D. changes74. A. one B. ones C. times D. time75. A. what B. like C. that D. how76. A. ranging B. varying C. swinging D. getting77. A. producing B. products C. servicing D. services78. A. proportion B. number C. quantity D. group79. A. changed B. gone C. applied D. shrunk80. A. Furthermore B. Even C. Therefore D. Hence81. A. armies B. weapons C. factories D. countries82. A. question B. manufacturing C. shift D. rebuilding83. A. with B. as C. given D. if84. A. while B. whose C. who's D. which85. A. give B. is giving C. gives D. gave86. A. repetitive B. various C. creative D. enormous答案Part I WritingNet-surfing Are You Ready?With the booming of information age, Internet has played an important role in young people’s everyday life. Today, more and more college students are using Internet for their routine life and study. Net-surfing has become an important part of campus life and greatly enriched the students’ life.Some students, however, spend too much time on Internet. Sometimes they would be completely indulged in the virtual Internet world. Whenever they find a “cozy” place in a stuffynet bar they would play computer games or chat on-line day and night, forgetting the passing oftime. Worse still, some students even become addicted to visit the pornographic websites or play computer games that are full of violence. This, certainly, does great harm to both their health and their study.There is no denying that Internet has enriched young people’s life. But once a student becomes too indulged in the virtual In ternet world the student’s normal life will be impacted, and even spoiled. As youngsters, we should tell right from wrong. We should try to limit the net-surfing time to a reasonable amount and refuse to visit those websites which are established only to lure young people with the content of sex and violence. Only in this way can we truly establish and maintain a colorful Internet world.Part II Fast Reading1-7 N Y Y N Y NG N8. arranged in grammatically precise 9. become more complex, not less 10. only dimly perceivedPart IV Reading ComprehensionSection A(47-56) EHALB MJDGISection B(57-66) DABCC ADCBDPart V Cloze(67-76) BDACD ACBCB (77-86) DADBC CBBCAPart VI Translation87. took emergent measures88. have the right to pursue happiness/be entitled to pursue happiness89. Once invited by that financial company90. adapt to the humid weather there91. be fully prepared/get everything ready 下载全文。
21世纪大学英语课本 课后答案
Unit 1TEXT AII1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makes or has made to human civilization.2.The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence and dedication in achieving greatness.3.Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders.4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person.5.Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as the ability to communicate effectively.6.The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial.7.They simply don’t devote the amount of time required.8.The study showed that enjoying one’s work is the best form of motivation.IV1.chat2.acknowledge3.motivated4.charcteristic5.despite6.influential7.cited8.obstacle9.intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate13.contribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.moraleV1.left behind2.rise3.made history4.were endowed with5.put up with6.going nowhere7.ifocuses on8.be built on9.put in e up with 11.take charge 12.set...apartVIefficiency emergency fluency frequencyproficiency tendency urgency sufficiency1.fluency2.proficiency3.emergency4.Efficiency5.tendency6.frequencyVII1.For some students, it's not that they don't put in enough time — it's that they don't have good study habits.2.Children perform differently at school. It's not that they have different IQs — it's that they are brought up in different environments.3.The company is not very productive. It's not that its staff aren't talented — it's that their energy hasn't been channeled effectively.4.I'm really sorry. It's not that I don't want to go to the cinema with you— it's that I have to finish my paper tonight.5.You have a stomachache. It's not that the food was bad — it's probably that you have too much stress from your work.VIII1.President Wilson didn't try to bring the US back to economic and political isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperation through an association of nations.puters don't teach students in groups. Instead, they can help them learn effectively according to their different needs.3.We shouldn't focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solve the problem of the greatest urgency at present.4.He dosen't get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend to everything himself.5.Teaching success shouldn't be measured by the scores the students receive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the students have internalized the ability and desire to learn.IXBCBAD DCABA DABCAX西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。
21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册课后习题答案
Unit oneTEXT AII1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makes or has made to human civilization.2。
The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence and dedication in achieving greatness。
3。
Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis， but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders。
4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person。
5。
Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors， such as the ability to communicate effectively。
6.The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial。
7。
They simply don't devote the amount of time required.8。
The study showed that enjoying one’s work is the best form of motivation.IV1。
chat 2。
acknowledge 3。
motivated 4。
charcteristic5.despite6.influential7.cited 8。
校长奖学金英文
校长奖学金英文IntroductionThe principal scholarship is a prestigious honors program designed to acknowledge students who have made outstanding academic achievements, demonstrated leadership qualities, and contributed to their communities. This scholarship is a highly competitive award bestowed upon exceptional students for their excellence, academic achievement, and potential for leadership. The scholarship varies in amount and may cover tuition fees, room and board, textbook costs, or any other educational expenses. In this document, we will discuss the principal scholarship in more detail.Eligibility requirementsTo qualify for the principal scholarship, students usually need to meet certain eligibility criteria. These requirements can differ from school to school, but a few standard requirements include:1. Academic Excellence: The principal scholarship is awarded to students who havedemonstrated exceptional academic achievements. Students with a high grade point average (GPA), excellent test scores, and a strong academic background are usually given preference.2. Leadership skills: The scholarshiprecipients should be individuals who can inspire and motivate others. Students who have shown leadership skills through extracurricular activities, school organizations, community service, or internships are highly encouraged to apply.3. Community Service: The principal scholarship usually rewards those students who have contributed positively to their communities. Individuals who have volunteered their time, energy, and resources to help others, promote social justice, and make a positive impact are highly sought after.Application ProcessThe application process for the principal scholarship is usually announced at the start ofthe academic year. Applicants are typicallyrequired to submit an application form, theiracademic transcripts, test scores, and letters of recommendation from teachers, guidance counselors, and community leaders. Additionally, applicants may be required to write an essay explaining why they should receive the scholarship and how they plan to use it to achieve their academic and personal goals.Selection ProcessOnce the application deadline has passed, a selection committee consisting of school leaders, teachers, and community members reviews the submissions. The committee selects the mostqualified and deserving students, based on the eligibility requirements and criteria set by the scholarship committee. Winners are usually announced in the spring semester, and awards are presented at a special ceremony.Benefits of the Principal ScholarshipThe principal scholarship comes withsignificant benefits, including:1. Financial support: The scholarship can cover tuition fees, boarding, textbooks, and othereducational expenses. This helps to alleviate the financial burden on students and their families, allowing them to concentrate on their studies.2. Recognition of Excellence: The principal scholarship recognizes and honors students who have shown exceptional intellectual ability, leadership, and commitment.3. Increased Opportunities: The scholarship offers students the opportunity to attend prestigious schools or pursue advanced degrees, increasing their chances of career success.ConclusionIn conclusion, the principal scholarship is a distinguished academic award that offers students recognition and financial support. To qualify for the scholarship, students must meet several eligibility requirements and undergo an application and selection process. The scholarship offers numerous benefits to students, including financial assistance, recognition of excellence, and increased opportunities. Winning the principal scholarship is an excellent way to set oneselfapart from other candidates when seeking employment or applying for higher education opportunities.。
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2018-2019-Contribution of Coeducation英语作文-优秀word范文
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Contribution of Coeducation英语作文
Imagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only of members of own sex. How would you react? Unless there was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldn’t be too happy about it, to say the least. It is all the more surprising therefore that so many parents in the world choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children – conditions which they themselves wouldn’t put up with for one minute!
Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. Stuffing children’s heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. One of the chief aims of educations is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society. Now adult society is made up of men and women, so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.
A co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. Boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability, athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical advantage it is ( to give just a small example ) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa. When segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered. In a coeducational school, everything falls into its proper place.
But perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don’t grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures – airy goddesses, more like。