文献综述模板例文

《文献综述模板例文》
摘要：据文献报道，百合科芦荟属植物有300多种，加上变种有500多种，但具有食用和药用价值的品种不多，最常见的研究报道较多的芦荟有以下四种：库拉索芦荟（Aloe barbadensis Mill）、中华芦荟（Aloe vera var chinesis（Haw.）Berg.）（我国科研人员对此品种研究较多）、木立芦荟（Aloe ferox Mill.）、青鳄芦荟（Aloe ferox Mill.），芦荟叶片中的蛋白质经水解后可产生Ala、Lys、Pro、cys、Arg、AsP、Gl、Glu、Thr、Asn’ Ser、Phe、Val、Met、Leu等多种氨基酸，其含有8种人体必需氨基酸，组成较为合理，analysis materials 15The first chapter: the style of rectifying and analyzing materialsOne, the main problemTo the court to work near two years, in the Party school, office, leadership and Comrades help, while doing some work more seriously than completed the job assigned by the leadership, and within the scope of the work, but the control of ideology and style rectification activities revealing implementation plan stage also ask questions does not exist a lot of problems, such as the ideological and political quality, theoretical level, work stress and other aspects still can not fully meet the new situation and new tasks, mainly has the following several aspects:One is the theory of learning initiative, self-consciousness is not high. Often recent information submitted to the task heavier than or is writing material for reasons, not consciously take the initiative to take the time to calm down to learn, work and leisure use of spare time to learn less. Often is asked to learn what to learn what what to learn more, and close working relationship, with little working relationship, often need less to learn, what is urgent with what to learn, what to learn, with only material to find the basis, check the information. There is no system to learn some legal knowledge and modern scientific and technological knowledge, not high quality writing material work especially. Pay attention to the study of political theory degree is not enough, not to be able to understand and grasp the essence of the socialist concept of rule of law leading quality connotation, for the use of the socialist law comprehensive concept to guide their work and the importance of learning should also lack the necessary understanding.Two is the business foundation is not solid, the text
海南大学
毕业论文
文献综述报告
题目：芦荟提取物的杀虫活性初探
学号： 20070124035
姓名：张宇博
年级： 2007级
学院：材料与化工学院
系别：化工系
专业：化学工程与工艺
指导教师：陈祎平（教授）/梁振益（工程师）
完成日期： 2011 年 3月 30 日
前言
浸渍法提取时将中草药溶解于溶剂中，以使其有效成分浸出提取出来。

选取溶剂时依照相似相溶原理。

但浸出率较低，如果用水溶解，提取液还会发霉变质，因此注意加入适当的防腐剂。

24~48h膨胀，然后不断添加新溶剂，使其自上而下渗透过药材，从渗漉器下部流出、收集浸出液的一种浸出方法。

经典液体色谱技术分离量大，载样品多，操作方便，设备简单，能在单位时间内获得较多量分离组分，是进行天然产物常用的方法。

在回归自然思潮的影响下，人类越来越青睐于绿色的健康产品。

含有芦荟及其有效成分的产品是众多健康产品中的佼佼者。

对芦荟及其有效成分的研究也是各国学者研究的热点之一，多种多样的芦荟产品丰富着人们的生活，但国内很少有高附加值芦荟产品的生产与推广。

本文综述了国内外对芦荟的相关报道与研究，为芦荟产品的研发提供了较为具体的文献参考。

鉴于化学农药本身固有的缺点和人们不合理的长期滥用，导致了严重的环境问题，也破坏了自然界的生态平衡，人们越来越倾向于从天然物质中寻找更安全、更有效的杀虫物质,以开发新
型的杀虫剂。

从植物中筛选杀虫活性成分，开发出植物源杀虫剂。

植物源杀虫剂，又有人称之为“中草药农药”，由于其来源于天然的生物，具有与环境良好的相容性，易降解，残效期短，不污染环境，害虫不易产生抗药性等特点，其研究和开发近年来已成为国内外农药研究领域的一个重要课题，具有广阔的市场前途，己成为近年来国际上研究的热点。

杀虫植物的抽提物可以直接用于防治害虫，或者与其他农药复配使用以提高药效和安全性，或者以杀虫活性物质为模板,研制和开发新型的杀虫剂。

芦荟作为百合科中的一个属种，是一种多用途的植物，有着较强的市场开发潜力，具有生命力强，药用价值高等特点，有良好的产业开发利用前景，对它的研究和开发将会给人类带来可观的经济价值
芦荟概述
生物学特性及生态学特性
芦荟((A1oe)[l-41，是百合科（Liliaceae）芦荟属多年生常绿多肉质草本植物。

叶簇生，呈莲座状或生于颈顶，叶长披针形或叶短宽，边缘有尖齿状刺。

花序为伞形、总状、穗状、圆锥形，花呈桔红色、黄色或带赤色斑点，花被的基部连合成筒状。

果实蒴果，种子多数。

叶簇生于茎顶端，也有轮生于茎，叶片厚而多汁，基部宽，尖端细窄，呈狭披针形，叶边有刺或齿，叶色浅绿或绿，有的品种叶片有白色斑纹。

茎长短不同，极短或高达数米皆有。

花有长梗，分枝或不分枝;总状花序，花呈管状，先端6裂;花色有黄、桔红、红等;地下茎的基部能发生根状茎，其茎尖可萌生新芽，长成子株，根粗。

芦荟品种间的形状和性质差异很大。

有的像高大的乔木，高达20米左右，如高背芦荟
（A.africanna Mill.）；有的很矮小，高度仅有3厘米左右，尤其是叶形的大小、叶重、叶肉及其有效成分变化差异更大，这种差异性的具体原因尚不十分清楚，季节或地域的变化是导致这种差异性的原因之一。

图1一1芦荟的外形
芦荟原产热带，有以下生态习性:(l)喜温暖耐高温，怕寒冷，芦荟的最佳生长温度25℃左右，
气温5℃时停止生长，当气温在一10℃时植株开始受冻。

(2)喜光耐旱，不耐阴。

(3)喜疏松肥沃、通风良好、排水良好、富含有机质的沙土，忌重粘性土。

对土壤酸碱度要求不严，根部渍水会引起烂根病害。

再生能力强，带根的植株离开土壤一个月后，仍能种植生长。

1.2.资源分布及种类
芦荟起源并主要分布在非洲非洲热带、亚热带地区，属于热带植物，芦荟属内共有400多个
种【5】，其中原产于非洲南部的有270多种，马达加斯加有40多种，加那利亚群岛、西印
度群岛也是芦荟的主要产地。

随着文化的交流，芦荟的种植遍及全球，在美洲大陆、澳大利亚、亚洲、欧洲等地都有种植。

在我国31个省市自治区除西藏外均有栽培，尤以海南、云南、福建、广东等地较为集中。

据不完全统计，全国芦荟种植面积约为1.2万亩左右。

广东、广西、云南、福建、浙江等地都有野生品种和栽培品种。

据文献报道，百合科芦荟属植物有300多种，加上变种有500多种，但具有食用和药用价值
的品种不多，最常见的研究报道较多的芦荟有以下四种：库拉索芦荟（Aloe barbadensis Mill）、中华芦荟（Aloe vera var chinesis（Haw.）Berg.）（我国科研人员对此品种研究较多）、木立芦荟（Aloe ferox Mill.）、青鳄芦荟（Aloe ferox Mill.）。

1.3 芦荟的主要化学成分
芦荟中的化学成分有160种之多，具有药理活性和生物活性的组分也不下100种，其成份由
于芦荟品种、产地、季节的不同而具有很大差别。

目前已从芦荟属植物中检出糖类、蒽醌类、维生素类、氨基酸类、酶类、有机酸类、甾族化合物类等许多成份。

随着先进的分析和制备设备的使用，新的物质被不断地发现。

但根据现代研究分析表明，芦荟的主要化学成分可以分为6大类:葱合物、糖类化合物、蛋白
质及氨基酸类化合物、脂类及有机酸类化合物、类化合物以及维生素、活性酶等其他类化合物等[6]。

1.3.1蕙醒类化合物
芦荟中主要活性成份是轻基蕙醒类衍生物，包括芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚、芦荟贰、芦荟泻素、芦荟霉素、阿劳辛、芦荟等。

芦荟所含葱醒类化合物的种类和数量，在不同的品种、栽培条件、收都会有较大变动。

大黄酸有抑菌、抗病毒作用。

芦荟的液汁有外层成分和内层成分的区分，外层成分即芦荟叶渗出物，大部分是酚类物质，该物质是杀菌、泻下作用的主要药理活性成分，也有一定的抗炎、抗过敏和促进伤口愈合作用。

酚类被认为是芦荟中的主要有机活性成分，主要包括蒽醌配糖体、蒽醌类、染色诱导体三部分，其中蒽醌类化合物有20多种，研究较多的成分有：芦荟苷（Aloe A，Barbaloin，又称为芦荟大黄素苷）、异芦荟苷（Aloin B，Isobarbaloin）、芦荟大黄素（Aloe-emodin）、芦荟苦素（Aloeresin）和芦荟大黄酚[7]（Chrysopnanol）等。

芦荟苷和芦荟大黄素是芦荟中的基本化合物，也是芦荟属植物分类学的标志性化合物。

大黄素、芦荟大黄素有抗肿瘤的作用，和芦荟泻素的药用价值为健胃和通便，芦荟霉素具有抗癌、抗病毒、抗菌的作阿劳辛有抗癌、抗菌、中和毒素的作用，还有具有抗菌作用及抗霉作用，可以疗因水疤所引起的白癣菌，芦荟熊果贰具有抗溃疡的药用功能[8]。

图1一2大黄素型葱醒类化合物的主要结构式图1一3 芦荟苷的分子结构式
图1一4葱醒戒的主要类型
1.3.2糖类
这里是指芦荟所含的葡萄糖、甘露糖以及由它们组成的多糖。

芦荟叶肉中粘液主要成份是甘露聚糖，这是一种线性多糖聚合物，不同种属的芦荟所含葡糖和甘露糖的比例不同，但葡萄糖和
甘露糖都连接成线性聚合物，此外，也发在一些芦荟品种的叶肉汁液中含有少量的阿拉伯糖和鼠李糖。

芦荟多糖对于癌和爱滋病的防治有良好作用。

芦荟甘露聚糖具有抗肿瘤的作用。

芦荟多糖在提人类免疫力方面的作用最近引起了人们极大的重视[91。

芦荟多糖同其他植物多糖一样，具有调节免疫、抗炎、抗辐射、抗艾滋病病毒等广泛的药理活性，分子量越大的多糖类物质，对改善虚弱的病体、强化免疫功能、增强抗癌作用效果越好。

芦荟多糖的抗肿瘤作用也受到越来越广泛地关注。

1.3.3氨基酸
芦荟叶片中的蛋白质经水解后可产生Ala、Lys、Pro、cys、Arg、AsP、Gl、Glu、Thr、Asn’ Ser、Phe、Val、Met、Leu等多种氨基酸，其含有8种人体必需氨基酸，组成较为合理。

1.3.4脂类及有机酸
芦荟的根、茎、叶中均含有多种有机酸。

其中已检出的有机酸有唬拍酸、果酸、乳酸、对香豆酸、酒石酸、丁二酸、异柠檬酸、柠檬酸、乙酸、辛酸、烯二酸、月桂酸、十三烷酸、十四烷酸、十五烷酸、十六烷酸、十七烷酸、十烷酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸等。

这些有机酸大多与钾、钠、钙等离子或生物结合，以盐的形式存在。

芦荟中的有机酸含量随季节变化而变化，夏季时的有酸含量有普遍增高的趋势。

1.3.5矿物质
芦荟中含有丰富的人体必需微量元素，包括硅、铝、镁、钙、锰、钻、钦、铬、铜、磷、钠、锌、镍、钒和银等，不同产地来源的芦荟，所含的矿物质的也不尽相同。

1.3.6. 维生素类
芦荟中含有维生素A、B1、B2、B6、B12、C、E、PP、K、D、B2H、烟酸、叶酸、金属离
子与维生素的化合物等。

许多维生素对维持人体的新陈代谢有重要作用。

维生素是许多酶的辅酶，可协助酶催化生物化学反应，对人体有重要作用。

1.3.7.酶及其它成份
目前，己从芦荟叶汁中检出的酶有淀粉酶、纤维素酶、过氧化酶、脂肪氧化酶、碱性磷酸脂酶、蒜氨酸酶等。

日本添田百枝博士发现，在日本木立中除酚类化合物和多搪外，尚有三种耐热、耐酸和耐碱的化学成分:(1)alomici劳米嗦)具有解毒、抗肿瘤，可抑制引起癌症的病毒繁殖因
子，同时对细菌分毒素有解毒作用。

(2)aloculcin(阿劳埃乌罗辛)对烫伤、烧伤及溃疡十分有效aloetin(阿劳埃汀)具有解毒、抗菌和抗霉的作用，可抑制病原细菌的繁殖，也死病原菌和霉菌。

芦荟成份中最引起人们注意的是aloetinA、B，根据研究报示，aloetinA有抗癌作用，aloetinB有降低血糖作用。

另外芦荟中含有丰富的氨基酸，具备人体不能自身合成的8种必须氨基酸。

含有丰富的有机酸，大部分为脂肪族有机酸，不饱和脂肪酸占到3/4。

芦荟还含有黄酮类、激素、叶绿素、萜类等化合物，但唯有自然生长多年的药用芦荟才含有人体所需的全部营养成份。

2．芦荟的相关研究
2.1. 芦荟的主要功效
芦荟的功能应用广泛，目前主要功效有:缓泻、创伤，烧伤愈合、抗炎、提高免疫力、增强胃肠功能、治疗胃溃疡、降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗辐射、美容保健等等。

下表列出了芦荟部分成分药用功效。

表1一1芦荟的成分及其药理作用I5I
活性分子药理作用
芦荟大黄曹苦味健胃强泻、抗肿瘤、防晒剂
芦荟素A 抗癌、抗辐射、增加NK细胞
乳酸镁抗溃疡
芦荟人黄素健胃、缓泻
芦荟苦素抗菌、解毒、抗肿瘤、抗癌
活性糖抗菌、抗病毒
Aloefemn 促进纤维细胞生长、解毒
低血糖聚糖降低血糖
甘露囊糖抗霉菌、增强免疫力、抗肿瘤
乙酞甘露聚糖抗溃疡、抗毒、抗菌、防晒、防腐、促细胞生长、保护粘膜皮肤、
乙酞甘露聚糖创伤愈合、杀虫、泻下、抗三叉神经痛
前列腺素抗炎、抗血栓、抗变态反应、治疗外伤
芦荟霉素抑制或杀灭人类l型和n型疤疹病毒、抗癌、抗病毒
熊果曹治疗烫伤、防肌肉组织瘫痕化
后马拉特芦荟素苦味健胃、缓泻
氨基酸、有机酸阻断黑色素的形成、增强免疫力
酶类抗炎、抗衰老、降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗溃疡、抗脑血栓
皂素类抗菌、利尿、溶血性
芳香类镇静
矿物营养类阻断黑色素形成、抗炎
2 .2.国内外芦荟研究概况
国内一些高等院校和科研单位投入力量进行芦荟方面的研究。

如上海农学院筛选出“上农大叶芦荟”适于饮用、美容、药品等;吉林大学酶工程实验室对芦荟研究认为其中的超氧化物歧化
酶(SOD)含量较高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)具有抗衰老,治疗风湿性关节炎及类风湿性关节炎的功效,目前植物中的“SOD”,其价值约15美元·mg-1以上。

吉林大学酶工程实验室还测知芦荟
中含过氧化氢酶和组合多肽。

过氧化氢酶是一种抗衰老酶,价格昂贵;组合多肽是最优良的化妆品,其中含有芦荟多肽和芦荟粘蛋白水解物。

我国也开发出一些芦荟加工技术,也有一些芦荟产
品面市,如上海的爱萝莉系列、北京的国荟系列、海南的荟康系列和曼特赫宝系列、福建的智
舟芦荟系列等等。

国外对芦荟的多糖也进行了广泛的研究，如Yagi等报道了Aloe arborescens Var.Natalensis 的主要多糖为部分乙酰化的β-D-甘露聚糖，分子量为15000左右；Gowda等指出A.vera中至少有四种多糖，都是不同程度乙酰化的β-D-甘露聚糖；南斯拉夫Harnisavljevic和Jakovljevic(1981)对Aloe arborescens叶中酸性多糖分析后发现它是由D-葡萄糖和D-葡萄醛酸以9︰1分子比组成的分枝多糖。

Radjabi等从Aloe vahombe的多糖中分离出一部分低聚糖，它可形成碳水化合物的杂聚糖。

此外，有人用不同方法(如高碘酸氧化、IR光谱、GLC、
13CNMR等)对芦荟多糖的结构进行测定，发现该多糖为一种线性聚合物，此聚合物中葡萄糖和甘露糖是1、4位连接的。

美国德克萨斯州卡林顿实验室的Bill H McAnnally教授从芦荟植物中提取的多糖物质亦被FDA批准应用于治疗溃疡和爱滋病的临床上,并已开始商业化生产。

芦荟作为植物源药物方面的研究也有了一定进展。

芦荟提取物中存在杀虫活性物质，可能是一种或多种，也可能是多种化学成分共同作用而产生杀虫活性。

据文献报道，在我国早期芦荟药材被用来杀蛔虫，芦荟活性成分中乙酰甘露聚糖具有明显的杀虫作用，而其他多种成分具有抗菌、抗毒作用。

美国Marrice coren、Caracas 和 Venezuena 等科学家已发现研制了以芦荟大黄素和芦荟泻素为主要成分的新型杀虫农药,该药可根据需要配制各种浓度使用,用于灭杀农业害虫、蛆虫、虱、蚤、蟑螂及寄生虫等，不仅药效好、对环境无污染,研究指出,用芦荟大黄素和芦荟泻素防治牲畜身上的寄生虫效果比其他化学药剂安全有效。

国内芦荟专利(申请9)指出，芦荟素一种无公害广谱安全高效杀虫剂. 芦荟活性成分的含量及其稳定性研究(硕士学位论文). 中国海洋大学, 2004, 12: 18
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Style rectification analysis materials 15The first chapter: the style of rectifying and analyzing materialsOne, the main problemTo the court to work near two years, in the Party school, office, leadership and Comrades help, while doing some work more seriously than completed the job assigned by the leadership, and within the scope of the work, but the control of ideology and style rectification activities revealing implementation plan stage also ask questions does not exist a lot of problems, such
as the ideological and political quality, theoretical level, work stress and other aspects still can not fully meet the new situation and new tasks, mainly has the following several aspects:One is the theory of learning initiative, self-consciousness is not high. Often recent information submitted to the task heavier than or is writing material for reasons, not consciously take the initiative to take the time to calm down to learn, work and leisure use of spare time to learn less. Often is asked to learn what to learn what what to learn more, and close working relationship, with little working relationship, often need less to learn, what is urgent with what to learn, what to learn, with only material to find the basis, check the information. There is no system to learn some legal knowledge and modern scientific and technological knowledge, not high quality writing material work especially. Pay attention to the study of political theory degree is not enough, not to be able to understand and grasp the essence of the socialist concept of rule of law leading quality connotation, for the use of the socialist law comprehensive concept to guide their work and the importance of learning should also lack the necessary understanding.Two is the business foundation is not solid, the text level is not high. Their work in the army before, although the understanding of the material, but also just only know fur, text level, writing ability is still in a low level interface. The knowledge is not complete, especially it is very little about professional some departments know knowledge, to write Chinese but not false, sometimes rely on online writing or presentation of ready-made one-sided materials, unwilling to make a deep thinking, put all sorts of things together, the presentation quality is not high, due to the overall quality of their own quality is not high, the leadership of departments can not understand, it is difficult to stand in the perspective of leadership to think of thinking, lack of overall To grasp, not very good understanding of the leadership intention and meaning into the text. Although his eyes now write only a relatively small number of materials, but also quite difficult, even to a molding material herself seems not very satisfied with the quality of service needs to be enhanced.Three is a lot of work to implement passive, active and advanced. Most contractors do matters assigned by the leadership, work is often in the orders, to implement the task, do not want to lead, not want to think ahead, plan ahead, and to seek the leadership; seek deep into the research, provide information
good staff seek. Especially in the writing process of material, it encountered much, time tight, heavy task, is often the soldiers to be blocked, the water to soil cover water, struggling to cope. Overall, the work of the prospective, innovation is not enough, as the leading service just to write some simple briefing. Other work is not enough, and leadership There is a considerable gap between the requirements. And in the encounter the tedious work, complex things, sometimes take the method of escape, that bridge the boat to the bridge straight ", not their own force please find countermeasures, but to wait for the self, the lack of a spirit of hard research.Two, the cause of the problemThrough the analysis, I feel that there are many reasons for these problems.One idea is obsolete. The failure to do system research on the essence of reading the original, palm and master the theory of quality read without thorough understanding, has not been effectively improved. So not good for guiding practice, in theory, it is difficult to make innovations in the work, in the theoretical study, there is no good hard to integrate theory with practice, work hard in the transformation of the main subjective world, to firmly establish the cause of the party and the peoples struggle of faith, therefore the science belief has been shaken in mind, in the work of energy appeared slack, responsibility heart, spirit of decline, not timely with Scientific Thoughts Analysis Theres the problem, timely correct the deviation in understanding the subjective recognition. At the same time, the total think his army had everything from materials, there is a certain basis, and enough to cope with the current work, the urgency and necessity of renewing knowledge lack of understanding deeply.Two there is deviation recognition. From the army to the work of the court since the basic content of the court office work is more familiar, the thought has gradually tired of boredom, that no office work is nothing more than to write brief work material, and do some service guarantee work. Little did produce what do not impact on overall situation, do the achievement is also not what big business. There is no active work, but not too hard, not to live hard, just go into the lack of positive enterprising spirit, satisfied to complete the tasks assigned by the leadership guide on how to open up, to carry out the research work is not enough, there are. Even when his horse, sloppy, muddle along thought, the lack of lack of initiative and enthusiasm. The importance of their work experience is not deep
enough understanding is not enough......This article from the civil service, please use the view to see the home station search for civil servants within the text.Second:: grassroots cadres to rectify the style of material material1, according to the bureau Party committee requirements on further into the activities to carry out rectification work style, I seriously study the superior leadership on clean government and anti-corruption work instructions, through learning and to check, self analysis, my people have the following shortcomings::One, may be due to the older age, the cause of the enterprise is not too strong, the work is more satisfied with the status quo.Two, in-depth investigation and research is not enough, innovative awareness also need to be further improved.Three, responsible for the management work of non-governmental organizations also need to vigorously promote the standardization, fan law enforcement procedures, foster and promote social intermediary organization development. Especially in the city community as the platform, the development of community social organization, effective integration of community resources, improve the quality of community service. At the same time should be severely punished illegal non-governmental organization the organization and the illegal activities.Four, the welfare lottery sales work in the country, the VLT sales policy in adverse circumstances, but should vigorously force to open up the market, innovation management of sales initiatives.. at the same time, to regulate the construction of the system, to ensure the safe operation of the sale of lottery sales.2, according to the Bureau of the Party Committee on further work to rectify the living activities, I seriously study the superior leadership on clean government and anti-corruption work instructions, through learning and check, I think for the deficiencies and gaps are mainly in the following:A political theory of learning and professional learning is not tight grasp, full of satisfied tasted, learn not deep penetration.The two is a public servant consciousness is also not strong enough, the active service awareness is not enough.The three is to reflect the problem to garrison some difficult problems have urged the government to solve the fear of difficulty.The above is not enough, to the style of this work to rectify the opportunity to work together, to be resolved, and effectively improve the personal quality, enhance service awareness, improve service quality.3, this time style rectification activities, I seriously study the
central, province, city leaders closed about the spirit and the anti-corruption work of the speech, earnestly study the relevant documents higher on the work to rectify, clear the important significance of rectifying style. Through careful control, self check I think there is lack of analysis, the following several aspects:First, thinking is still not enough liberation, the sense of responsibility is still not strong enough. Mainly in the daily work of the transaction, the level of awareness is not high, not fully play a good reference assistant role......This article from the civil servants house, to see the main body of the civil service, please use the civil service in the search for the main body of the site.Third: discipline style rectification analysis of materialsIn the whole city discipline style rectification activities, I seriously study the important speech, secretary in the city discipline law style rectification activities, learn the new style of cadres of discipline regulations, 52 are not allowed, learning the discipline and style of the municipal living activities to rectify the reader, learn the five ban and six discipline in the study and take note, while accepting the leadership and colleagues about their education, and has done a detailed study notes, in the learning activities, through deep reflection and take seriously listen to the opinions of others, aware of their ideological work, serious problems, discipline and style of construction and so on. Are these The problem of self analysis is as follows:One, the existing problems1, in the rectification of style discipline activities, one-sided self satisfaction, since that is good work, good performance, not what problems need to be self correction. This activity and one-sided understanding of bias, and the attitude is not correct.2, the theoretical level is not high. The policy policy of the partys line, line, policy understanding only stay in the general level, no research and grasp deeply. The advanced culture understanding is not deep enough, the law, to promote publicity and ideological work in terms of laws and regulations, the master policy is relatively small few are quite superficial.3, the strict requirements of the construction itself. Not strictly in accordance with the rectification work style of cadres of discipline in the living standards of their own, and do not have a strong sense of personal integrity and self-discipline. The main doctrine, hedonism, thought by comparison often exist in the mind, thoughts of hard struggle and tight day fighting style of desalination.4, the responsibility of the work is not strong enough. In the work, not strict requirements
of their own.Two, the main reason for the existence of problemsSome of these problems exist, although there are some objective factors, but more important is the subjective factors caused by. During this time, since the combination of theoretical study, the main problems and deficiencies exist on their own also many times to carefully reflect on the causes and hazards, profound analysis of producing these problems from the subjective reasons, summed up in the following aspects:1, the lack of study, raise political Susu is not high. The Deng Xiaoping theory, "Three Represents" important thought of lack of systematic learning, no deep understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development outlook, research is not enough, not enough to practice, to make their own understanding of theoretical knowledge and actual decoupling hook, without a guide the theory of learning, only to learn, to make learning become formal, dogmatic, and therefore can not accurately grasp the situation.2, studying business knowledge is not enough, not deeply aware of the level of low business efficiency and quality play a decisive role, to improve the level of business, need for business, study, and have been in business depended, since he had yet to have a whole set of learning business knowledge plan therefore, in carrying out the work sometimes blindly, lack of self confidence.3, the method is simple, and only at the surface, within their own copies of what things can be, treatment method is relatively simple, there is no innovation spirit, work style is not solid.......This article from the official member of the house, to view the text please use the public servants of the home station to view the body of the text.The fourth chapter: the style of the Trade Bureau to rectify the analysis of materialsForeign trade and Economic Cooperation Bureau was established in the year 1994, the existing staff of 21 people, 5 people in the class members of the team. Over a period of work, members of the team, a high degree of unity, pragmatic, leading the global cadre job workers to overcome a lot of difficulties, has got certain achievements in foreign investment and open work, has been fully affirmed. In front of the higher level of achievement and honor reputation, there are still many gaps and deficiencies in our work, the specific performance in the following areas:One, thought construction is not strongThought is the forerunner of action, thought not to come, cant talk about action. There are some problems in the construction of collective thought of the Bureau.One is that。