2017-2018学年北师大版高中英语必修5练习：第十四单元

第十四单元检测
(时间:100分钟满分:120分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A
Have you come across much Western children’s literature?
Most English speaking children grow up with the same delightful set of fictional(小说的)characters.The Winnie the Pooh stories involve a strange selections of animals such as a kangaroo,a pig,a donkey,a tiger,an owl and a bear,who live together in a wood,leading fairy ordinary life.Far more exciting and dangerous events take place in The Wind in the Willows,the story of the foolish Mr Toad and all his adventures.
Talking animals is also the main characters in The Jungle Book and the Just So Stories.In the latter we find lots of imaginative explanations as to why the world is like what it is.
Far more laughter comes from Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.Whillie Wonka is the perfect adult in the eyes of children with all his clever ideas and endless supply of sweets.Also much loved is Bilbo Baggins,the funny little rabbit,who ends up having adventures with wolves and dragons.Of course,the stories go on in the much more serious The Lord of the Rings,better read a few years later.A new star in the world of magic and children’s fiction is Harry Potter,the schoolboy who learns spells rather than maths.Adventure books remain popular,too.Although well over a century old now,Treasure Island is still an enthralling story with young Jim Hawkins dealing with secret maps and pirates.Such books make childhood a time of wonder and imagination.
1Which of these is NOT mentioned as a character in The Winnie the Pooh stories?
解析:由第二段第二句“The Winnie the Pooh stories involve a strange selections of animals such as a kangaroo,a pig,a donkey,a tiger,an owl and a bear...”可知,A、B、C项都涉及了,唯独没有提到D项。

答案:D
2In which book would you expect to find the chapter “How the tiger got his stripes?”
A.The Wind in the Willows
B.Just So Stories
C.Treasure Island
D.The Lord of the Rings
解析:由第三段第一句“...in The Jungle Book and the Just So Stories.In the latter we find lots of imaginative explanations as to why the world is like what it is”可推知,像老虎的条纹是如何来的这样的问题可以在Just So Stories中找到。

答案:B
3The underlined word “enthralling” in Paragraph 4 means.
A.disappointing
B.modern
C.interesting
D.frightening
解析:由上一句“Adventure books remain popular,too.”以及上下文可知,尽管Treasure Island出版一个多世纪了,但仍受到年轻的Jim Hawkins粉丝们的喜爱。

也就是enthralling相当于interesting。

答案:C
B
Since the 1990s,education has been required for all South Africans from age seven to st December,the government announced that seventy percent of students passed their final examination to finish high school.In 2008,the rate was about sixty-three percent.There have been increases each year since then.
Professor Shireen Motala says basic education is no longer the problem in South Africa.Most children stay in school until they are about sixteen.The problem is that large numbers of them leave without completing high school.
Professor Motala says,“Less than half of the children who started school in two thousand sat for the matric(高考) last year.Only around forty-five percent survived.And the concern is that where those learners actually go.”Those who drop out must compete with better educated people for jobs.
Educational researchers also point to another problem.South African schools do not produce enough students with the skills for higher education in maths and science.Children do not see laboratories and as a result,their science marks are not very good.They do not have libraries at school.Also,many teachers do not have the skills or training to do their jobs.In South Africa,a number of teachers were poorly trained before.Secondly,teachers have been confused by the many educational reforms(改革) in the last fifteen years.Finally,language differences in the classroom have not gotten as much attention as they should,which is a huge problem.Subjects such as maths and science are taught in English starting at about age ten,but South Africa has eleven official languages.
South Africa’s minister of basic education promises a number of improvements.Angie Motshega says teacher development efforts will focus on subject and content knowledge,making sure the correct teachers are in the correct jobs.
4From Paragraph 1 we can learn that .
A.South Africans are in need of education badly
B.South African teenagers do well in schoolwork
C.South African government takes education seriously
D.it’s not easy for South African teenagers to pass exams
解析:第一句话提到从20世纪90年代以来,南非所有的7到15岁的孩子都要接受教育,然后列举了2008年完成高中教育孩子的比例及从那以后逐年增多等。

由此可推知,南非政府重视教育。

答案:C
5What is the real concern of Shireen Motala?
A.Something is wrong with the basic education.
B.Most children have to find jobs at an early age.
C.The final exams are too difficult for most children.
D.Children can’t complete high school.
解析:由第三段中的“‘...And the concern is that where those learners actually go.’Those who drop out must compete with better educated people for jobs.”可知,他真正顾虑的是孩子这么小就要出去找工作(并与接受更好教育的人竞争工作)。

答案:B
6Some South African students perform poorly in science because of the following reasons
EXCEPT .
A.they don’t work hard enough
B.their schools have no laboratories
C.they can’t get help from libraries
D.there are not enough skillful teachers
解析:由第四段第三、四、五这几个句子可知,这些孩子理科成绩不好并不是不用功,而是他们看不到实验室,没有图书馆,且很多老师没有相关技能或接受过相关培训,也就是B、C、D项都是正确的。

答案:A
7Which of the following would Shireen Motala most probably agree with?
A.Schools should focus more on maths and science than any other subject.
B.More educational reforms should be carried out in South African schools.
C.The more teachers teach maths and science,the better marks students may get.
D.More attention should be paid to language differences in maths and science classes.
解析:由最后一段可知,南非的基础教育和教师们的发展有望得到改善,因此难度较大的还是language differences(由倒数第二段可知南非有11种官方语言)。

因此可以推断,关心南非教育的Shireen Motala教授更同意关注语言差异。

答案:D
C
If you have to attend a party or other social events where a lot of people will be present,do you feel confident that you will make a good impression on others?Or do you feel shy?In any case,you should increase your confidence at social events.
Whenever you are meeting new people at any social event,you should wear proper clothes.Before you attend the event,make an effort to find out how other people will be dressing.If everyone else is wearing business clothes,you should,too.If the event is informal,you should wear informal clothes so that you fit in.
If you are going to meet people from a particular business or profession(职业),try looking through a few professional magazines or checking on the Internet ahead of time to get some conversation ideas which are related to their fields of interest.This can prevent you getting tongue-tied at the event.
When you are at the event,don’t worry about whether or not the other person you are talking with likes you.Instead,try your best to find reasons to like them.
When you are making conversation with people,be sure to keep good eye contact,and make your facial expression soft.Nod to show you’re listening.Let your face and body relax so that you can make natural gestures.
After the event is over,take a bit of time to do a little review of your social performance and the conversations you had with people.Tell yourself specifically what you did very well at the event.For example,perhaps you made a big effort to really listen to the people you were talking with,or you may have asked several people some good questions that really got them talking.By doing so,your conversation confidence will gradually improve.
8At a social event,it is right to do all the following EXCEPT .
A.wearing proper clothes
B.trying to keep good eye contact with others
C.relaxing your face and body while listening
D.caring much about what others think of you
解析:根据第四段可知,在社交场合不要太关注他人对自己的看法。

答案:D
9After coming back from a social party,we need to form the habit of .
A.looking for the positive things in our performance
B.telephoning the host to show that we are thankful
municating with the people we met once again
D.thinking about how to improve our social ability
解析:根据最后一段前两句可知,从社交场合回来之后,我们应当花一点时间回顾一下自己表现较好的方面。

答案:A
10What is the passage mainly about?
A.How to take part in social events.
B.How to believe in ourselves in daily life.
C.How to be more confident at social events.
D.How to get along with others at social events.
解析:文章第一段最后一句点明了本文的主题,全文是围绕如何在社交场合增强自信心展开的。

答案:C
11Who is probably most interested in the passage?
A.Adam who is good at communicating with others.
B.Harry who is studying in a middle school.
C.John who is a shy manager of a company.
D.Mike who is an outgoing businessman.
解析:全文旨在介绍如何在社交场合增强自信心,因此不善于社交的人应该对本文最感兴趣。

答案:C
D
Many parents try hard to protect their kids from TV and Internet advertising.But how can you protect a child from a large fast-food ad painted on her school locker(衣物柜)?Or a toy ad on the side of his school bus?
As school budgets get smaller,a growing number of schools in the US are selling advertising space on lockers,buses and in gyms or cafeterias.It is an easy way for schools to make money.And ads may provide relief for parents exhausted by making cash donations to support schools.
While parents can always turn off the televisions or the computers,they can’t keep advertising out of schools.This isn’t the first time the issue has come up.For example,a news programme for teens has been criticised for including ads in its 12-minute classroom broadcasts.And parents’groups successfully fought a plan by a company called Bus Radio to put music and ads into school buses.
But now things are different.Just last month,Los Angeles approved a plan to allow companies to advertise in the district’s schools.Officials say the plan could provide as much as $18 million for the schools.
In St.Francis,Minn.,schools recently agreed to cover 10% to 15% of their lockers with ads.Edward Saxton,a teacher in the school,says,“So far,parents are accepting this as a way to bring in needed money.The money pays for programmes like arts,sports and music.Parents don’t like to see programmes getting cut.Neither do I.Besides,schools are thinking about the effects on kids all the time.”
However,Susan Linn,an educational expert,says,“Kids have already seen enough ads on TV,in magazines and the products they use daily.School is no place for advertisements at all.”
Readers,what about you?Would you rather help run yet another school fundraiser,or expose your child to ads on lockers and buses?Is keeping ads out of schools worth raising taxes,or increasing your own cash support for school through donations?
12Schools allow ads into schools to .
A.reduce parents’burdens
B.solve their financial problems
C.offer kids a wide choice of goods
D.improve their students’living conditions
解析:根据第二段第一句“As school budgets get smaller,a growing number of schools in the US are selling advertising space on lockers,buses and in gyms or cafeterias.”可知,由于学校的财政预算减少,美国许多学校通过销售柜子、校车、体育馆和自助餐厅里的广告空间的方式来解决财务问题。

故B项正确。

答案:B
13Edward Saxton holds the view that .
A.schools choose ads carefully
B.ads in schools shouldn’t be too many
C.schools should be a place free from ads
D.in-school ads do no harm to young kids
解析:根据倒数第三段Edward Saxton所说的话中“Besides,schools are thinking about the effects
on kids all the time.”可知,Edward Saxton认为学校会注意广告对孩子的影响,由此可推知,学校在选择进入学校的广告时会十分小心。

故A项正确。

答案:A
14What does the text mainly talk about?
A.The bad effect of ads on kids.
B.Efforts to stop in-school advertising.
C.Whether ads should be allowed in schools.
D.Whether parents should run fundraisers for schools.
解析:通读全文可知,在美国,由于财政预算减少,许多学校采用做广告的方式解决财务问题;但是许多人认为学校不是做广告的场所,对这种方式持否定态度。

故C项正确。

答案:C
15Who are the intended readers of the text?
A.Parents.
B.Teachers.
cators.
D.Businessmen.
解析:根据最后一段第二句“Would you rather...or expose your child to ads on lockers and buses?”以及全文内容可知,本文的目标读者是学生父母。

故A项正确。

答案:A
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

(导学号54980016)
Anger is a completely normal,usually healthy human emotion.16.Uncontrollable anger can lead to serious problems at work and in personal relationships,and may destruct(破坏) the individual’s total quality of life.
Anger is not just a mental state of mind.Anger makes us ill.17.When a human or animal decides to take action to stop or face a threat,anger usually becomes the main feeling and takes over our behavior.
In many cases humans and other animals express anger by making loud sounds,baring teeth,staring and adopting postures as a warning to perceived aggressors to stop their threatening behavior.18.If a stranger approaches a newborn dog,the mother will most likely growl,bare her teeth and adopt a defensive or ready-to-attack posture,rather than silently attack without any warning.
19.His voice will be hostile(敌意的),as may his body language.Naturally,anger may grow in humans and other animals to protect territory and family members,prevent loss of possessions or food,and many other perceived threats.
The Mental Health Foundation,a UK charity,says that anger is one of the most basic human emotions.Experts say anger is a primary,natural emotion with functional survival values.20. The raised heart rate,blood pressure and release of hormones prepare us physically for necessary action—which is either to fight or run away at top speed.
A.Coping with anger is an acquired skill.
B.We all experience such emotion frequently.
C.We should learn how to control our anger.
D.It arouses an increase in heart rate,blood pressure and so on.
E.However,when it gets out of control,it can become destructive.
F.If you invade into the private land of a farmer,his approach may be similar.
G.It’s unusual for a physical attack to happen without these signs appearing first.
答案:16~20 EDGFB
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The story of how I got my job was a funny one.
One day,I was 21along a street to the interview 22 a yellow car suddenly cut in front of me.With another car coming in the other 23,I had to brake hard and bumped(撞到)another cyclist.We both fell,but 24neither of us was hurt.I became 25and cycled as fast as possible to the driver of the yellow car to tell him26I considered him.I told him what a bad 27I thought he was and he was a(n) 28to other people on the road.His face turned 29.I warned him not to drive 30in the future so that everyone else could enjoy a long life.
I was in time for the 31.Having walked into the room,to my 32,I found one of the three interviewers 33to be the driver of the yellow car.We looked at each other for a while, 34silent.Then I decided to look on the whole matter as a great 35!
I laughed and told him that I talked much the last time we met and this time it was his 36 to talk a great deal.
Lost in thought for a while,he 37that I was not going to say anything about his bad driving.The interview went 38.Two days later,I received a letter offering me the job.I was pleased that the manager—the driver of the yellow car,didn’t 39my rudeness to him.
Through the experience,I find something that seems impossible at first sometimes 40to be good.
21A.cycling B.walking
C.running
D.driving
解析:由下文“I became and cycled as fast as possible...”可知,作者是“骑车”去面试。

答案:A
22A.in case B.when
C.while
D.the instant
解析:was/were doing...when...为常见句型,表示“正在做某事,忽然/这时……”。

答案:B
23A.condition B.position
C.location
D.direction
解析:从语境可推知,另一辆轿车应该是从另一方向(direction)驶来,所以作者只好急刹车,不料他却撞到另一辆自行车上。

答案:D
24A.happily B.illegally
C.luckily
D.disappointedly
解析:很幸运的是,我们两个人都没有受伤。

出了事故,没有人受伤,应说“幸运地”。

答案:C
25A.casual B.illegal
C.flexible
D.angry
解析:作者因黄车的突然出现与另一方向来的轿车撞在一起,可黄色车却开走了,由此推断“我很生气(angry),于是飞快地骑着车去追赶那辆黄色车……”。

答案:D
26A.which B.that
C.what
D.how
解析:作者追那辆黄车,目的就是想告诉那位司机“我是如何看待他的”,也就是表示方式(how)。

答案:D
27A.driver B.worker
C.cyclist
D.boss
解析:作者赶到那辆黄车前,告诉车主他是个很不好的司机。

这是作者想对黄车司机说的话。

答案:A
28A.pity B.idiot
C.risk
D.fool
解析:从下文“...so that everyone else could enjoy a long life”等可推知,作者认为开黄车的司机对行人构成危险(risk)。

答案:C
29A.black B.white
C.pale
D.red
解析:由于作者狠狠地说了那辆黄车的司机,所以他应该感到惭愧,脸红了。

答案:D
30A.carelessly B.carefully
C.slowly
D.patiently
解析:我警告他以后开车不要那么粗心,以便让大家都能够长寿。

从上文可知,这次事故是黄车司机粗心驾驶而引起的,因此carelessly合乎语境。

答案:A
31A.job B.interview
C.meeting
D.appointment
解析:由第三段“...three interviewers...”可知,这事发生在作者去面试的路上,也就是他去参加面试。

下文也有“The interview went ”的暗示。

答案:B
32A.excitement B.joy
C.relief
D.astonishment
解析:由下文可知,作者发现面试官之一就是被他在路上狠狠批评的司机,因此感到惊讶(astonishment)。

答案:D
33A.happened B.wanted
C.seemed
D.planned
解析:面试官之一恰巧是那位黄车司机。

happen to be...“碰巧是……”,符合语境。

答案:A
34A.making B.keeping
C.breaking
D.becoming
解析:由前面的“We looked at each other for a while...”可知,“ (我们)保持了沉默”。

keep silent“保持沉默”。

答案:B
35A.burden B.joke
C.chance
D.success
解析:由下一段的“I laughed and told him...”可知,作者看到黄车司机(为面试官)后决定把整件事当作一个玩笑(joke)。

答案:B
36A.duty B.response
C.charge
D.turn
解析:这是作者开玩笑的话。

上次我们碰面时我说得多,这次轮到你多谈了。

It is/was one’s turn to do...“轮到/该某人做某事”。

答案:D
37A.found B.added
C.hesitated
D.quarreled
解析:作者和那位司机碰面后一开始都没有说话,是作者先开口讲话。

因此,他思索了一会儿,发现作者不会提他不当驾车的事情。

答案:A
38A.fast B.terribly
C.well
D.constantly
解析:由两个人都尽释前嫌以及下文作者被录用可知,面试进行得相当顺利(well)。

答案:C
39A.realise B.want
C.know
D.mind
解析:那辆车的主人,即公司经理并没有介意作者的粗鲁而录用了他。

mind “介意”,符合语境。

答案:D
40A.makes out B.turns out
C.makes certain
D.turns over
解析:通过这件事,“我发现一开始似乎没有可能的事情有时结果是好的”。

turn out “证明是……;结果是……”。

make certain “确保;查清楚”;make out “假称;看出”;turn over “移交;翻阅”。

答案:B
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the English Reading Week,one of my classmates recommended a quote to us,41. goes like this,“Your future 42.(depend)on many things,but mostly on you.” I can’t agree 43.(much)with this view.It’s true that our future 44. (determine) by many things,such as opportunities and help from others,but our own
attitude,determination,45.hard work play a more important role.In 46.
words,we are the master of our own future.
Take Abraham Lincoln for example.He was born in a poor family,and only received a 47. (limit)education in his childhood.Yet through his painstaking efforts,he
48.(change)not only his own fate but also the history of America.Even to this day,Lincoln 49.(regard) as one of the most inspiring figures in the world.
Therefore,I 50.(firm) believe that our future is in our own hands.
答案:41.which42.depends43.more44.is determined
45.and46.other47.limited48.changed49.is regarded
50.firmly
第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My school life is very interesting but meaningful.I usually get up at a quarter past six.After I wash his face,I read English for about half an hour.I think what it is a good habit.I always go to school by bike,to eat lunch at school and have a short sleep on the classroom.In the afternoon,school is over at 5 o’clock.After school,I often play basketball or do some other sports on the playground happy.I went home at about five forty.Have had supper,I watch TV for
第一句:but→and
第三句:his→my
第四句:去掉what或what→that
第五句:去掉第二个to;on→in
第七句:happy→happily
第八句:went→go
第九句:Have→Having;for后面加a
第十句:We→I
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李华,在一位名叫Tina的外国友人的博客上,你看到了如下内容:
I am often told not to put off till tomorrow what can be done today.I’ve tried many times but I cannot make it.Can you give me some advice?
请你根据博客的内容和写作要点提示,给她回复。

写作要点:1.表明自己的看法;2.提出至少两条建议。

注意:1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。

Dear Tina,
I understand your situation.
I hope my advice will be helpful.
Yours,
Dear Tina,
I understand your situation.After all,no one wants to put off till tomorrow what can be done today,for we will have many new things to do the next day.The bad habit,once formed,is really difficult to get rid of.However,with a strong will and some necessary measures,you can finally make it.
You can make friends with those who don’t put off till tomorrow what can be done today.You can also ask them to help you get rid of the bad habit.If so,you will learn a lot from them and care about how they view you.Besides,reward yourself with something you enjoy after you finish a big task,which I believe will make you feel good.
I hope my advice will be helpful.
Yours,
Li Hua。