2012年5月三级笔译真题参考答案

Chasing Riches From Africa to Europe and Finding Only Squalor
PALOS DE LA FRONTERA, Spain — Back home in Gambia, Amadou Jallow was, at 22, a lover of reggae who had just finished college and had landed a job teaching science in a high school.
But Europe beckoned.
In his West African homeland, Mr. Jallow‟s salary was the equivalent of just 50 euros a month, barely enough for the necessities, he said. And everywhere in his neighborhood in Serekunda, Gambia‟s largest city, there was talk of easy money to be made in Europe.
Now he laughs bitterly about all that talk. He lives in a patch of woods here in southern Spain, just outside the village of Palos de la Frontera, with hundreds of other immigrants. They have built their homes out of plastic sheeting and cardboard, unsure if the water they drink from an open pipe is safe. After six years on the continent, Mr. Jallow is rail thin, and his eyes have a yellow tinge.
“We are not bush people,” he said recently as he gathered twigs to start a fire. “You think you are civilized. But this is how we live here. We suffer here.”
The political upheaval in Libya and elsewhere in North Africa has opened the way for thousands of new migrants to make their way to Europe across the Mediterranean. Already some 25,000 have reached the island of Lampedusa, Italy, and hundreds more have arrived at Malta.
The boats, at first, brought mostly Tunisians. But lately there have been more sub-Saharans.
Experts say thousands more — many of whom have been moving around North Africa trying to get to Europe for years, including Somalis, Eritreans, Senegalese and Nigerians — are likely to follow, sure that a better life awaits them.
But for Mr. Jallow and for many others who arrived before them, often after days at sea without food or water, Europe has offered hardships they never imagined. These days Mr. Jallow survives on two meals a day, mostly a leaden paste made from flour and oil, which he stirs with a branch.
“It keeps the hunger away,” he said.
The authorities estimate that there are perhaps 10,000 immigrants living in the woods in the southern Spanish province of Andalusia, a region known for its crops of strawberries, raspberries and blueberries, and there are thousands more migrants in areas that produce olives, oranges and vegetables. Most of them have stories that echo Mr. Jallow‟s.
From the road, their encampments look like igloos tucked among the trees. Up close, the squalor is clear. Piles of garbage and flies are everywhere. Old clothes, stiff from dirt and rain, hang from branches.
“There is everything in there,” said Diego Cañamero, the leader of the farm workers‟ union in Andalusia, which tries to advocate for the men. “You have rats and snakes and mice and fleas.”
The men in the woods do not call home with the truth, though. They send pictures of themselves posing next to Mercedes cars parked on the street, the kind of pictures that Mr. Jallow says he fell for so many years ago. Now he shakes his head toward his neighbors, who will not talk to reporters.
“So many lies,” he said. “It is terrible what they are doing. But they are embarrassed.”
Even now, though, Mr. Jallow will not consider going back to Gambia. “I would prefer to die here,” he said. “I cannot go home empty-handed. If I went home, they would be saying, …What have you been doing with yourself, Amadou?‟ They think in Europe there is money all over.”
The immigrants — virtually all of them are men — cluster by nationality and look for work on the farms. But Mr. Cañamero says they are offered only the least desirable work, like handling pesticides, and little of it at that. Most have no working papers.
Occasionally, the police bring bulldozers to tear down the shelters. But the men, who have usually used their family‟s life savings to get here, are mostly le ft alone — the conditions they live under are an open secret in the nearby villages.
The mayor of Palos de La Frontera did not return phone calls about the camp. But Juan José Volante, the mayor of nearby Moguer, which has an even larger encampment, issued a statement saying the town did not have enough money to help the men. “The problem is too big for us,” he said. “Of course, we would like to do more.”
On a warm spring night, some of the men play cards sitting on the plastic pesticide containers and broken furniture they have collected from the trash. Some drift into town to socialize and buy supplies, if they have money. But they are not welcome in the local bars. During the World Cup last year, the farm workers‟ union arranged for a truck to set up a giant television screen in the forest so the men could watch it.
“The bars don‟t want them,” Mr. Cañamero said. “They say the men smell bad and they are not good for business. Most of them are Muslim, and they don‟t buy alcohol.”
Mr. Jallow had his mother‟s blessing but had not told his father about his plans when he left home on his bicycle in 2002, heading for Senegal, where he hoped to find a boat to the Canary Islands.
He ended up in Guinea-Bissau, where, one night two years later, he got word that a boat for Europe would leave in a few hours. There were so many people aboard — 131 — that he was barely able to move for the 11 days he spent at sea. The last five days were without food and water.
Passengers were vomiting constantly, he said. The young man sitting next to him died one night, though no one noticed until the morning. His body was thrown overboard.
“A lot of us could not walk when they took us off the boat,” he recalled. “I could still walk, but it was like I was drunk. I put myself in God‟s hands that he would take care of me.”
After 40 days in a detention center in the Canary Islands he was brought to the mainland and released with a standard order to leave the country. “I thought I was going to be a millionaire,” Mr. Jallow said.
His mother managed to get an uncle on the phone who said he would meet him at a train station. But when he arrived there, his uncle‟s phone rang and rang. Later, he learned his uncle lived nowhere near the station. Soon, he was steered to the forest by other immigrants.
In the six years he has lived in Spain, Mr. Jallow has found temporary work in restaurants or in the fields, sometimes making 30 euros, or about $42, for 10 hours of work. He says he has made about 12,000 euros, close to $17,000, since coming to Europe, and sent maybe a third of it home. He has not talked to his family in months because he has no money.
“Times are bad for everyone here,” he said. “Not long ago, I saw my uncle in the woods. But I told him he was nothing to me.”
从非洲到欧洲—难民们的富翁梦
西班牙，帕洛斯港—Amadou Jallow是一位瑞格舞爱好者，22岁的他大学毕业不久后，便在自己家乡冈比亚找到了一份工作—在一所高中教科学。

但梦幻般的欧洲一直让他魂牵梦绕。

在西非的家乡时，Jallow的薪水相当于50欧元/月，仅能满足最基本的生活需求。

他说。

那时，在邻近的城市赛瑞库达中流传这样一种说法：“在欧洲，赚钱来得相当容易”。

（赛瑞库达是冈比亚最大的城市）
现在谈及这个说法时，他不禁苦笑。

他现在住在西班牙南部一个丛林中的一小块地方，（就在帕洛斯港的一个村庄外），这里还住着成百上千的其他移民。

他们用一些塑料薄膜和纸板搭建起他们的‘家’，喝的水源自一根开放的自来水管，其是否安全都不得而知。

在这块大陆上生活了六年后，Jallow现在可谓是骨瘦如柴，连眼睛都泛黄色。

“我们不是丛林野人，”最近，他在捡树枝生火时说。

“你认为你们是文明的。

但这就是我们的状况。

我们在这里饱经磨难。

”利比亚以及北非其它地方的政治剧变为成千上万穿越地中海到欧洲的新移民开启了方便之门。

已有将近25,000人抵达了意大利的蓝佩杜萨岛，此外，还有数百人到达了马耳他。

专家称，还有数千人可能会跟来—几年来，他们中的许多一直在北非游荡着，想要找机会去到欧洲。

这其中包括索马里人，厄立特里亚人，塞内加尔人以及尼日利亚人。

他们都坚信这里有美好的生活在等着他们。

但是对于Jallow 和其他许多比他到达更早的人来说，在海上连续几天没有食物也没有水喝成了常有的事，在欧洲的这般遭遇是他们万万不曾想到的。

这些天来，Jallow都是靠着一日两餐度日的。

面粉中和入一些油，然后用一根树枝搅拌均匀，这样制成的铅灰色的面团就成了他的主要食物。

“这能赶跑饥饿，”他说。

据官方估计，有将近10,000名移民住在西班牙南部安大路西亚省的丛林中，这是一个因盛产草莓、山莓以及蓝莓而闻名的地方。

此外，还有好几千人住在一些盛产橄榄、柑橘和蔬菜的地方。

他们中的绝大多数都有和Jallow一样的遭遇。

从路上望去，他们的营房就像是坐落在树丛中的圆顶建筑。

走近去看，用一句话来说就是—岂一个‘脏乱’了得！成堆的垃圾、成群的苍蝇随处可见，还有那被尘土和雨水浸染的旧衣服悬挂在树枝上。

Diego Cañamero是安大路西亚农场工人工会的会长，他想帮助这些难民。

“这里简直什么东西都有，”他说，“老鼠、蛇、耗子和跳蚤等都汇聚于此”。

尽管如此，这些住在丛林中的人从来都没把生活的真相告知家中。

他们会在街上停着的奔驰车边上摆pose拍照片寄回家。

那照片上的画面已是Jallow期许多年的情景了。

此刻，他把头摇向他的邻居们，那些不愿同记者讲述的邻居。

“太多的谎言了，”Jallow说。

“他们的这般举动让我触目惊心。

但我能体会：他们也很无奈。

”
即便如此，Jallow现在并不打算回冈比亚。

“我宁愿死在这里，”他说。

“我不能空手回家。

如果我回家的话，他们会说，‘Jallow, 你对自己做了什么?‟在他们心目中，欧洲到处都是钱。

”
这些移民—几乎所有都是男人—按不同的国籍聚居，在一些农场揽活干。

但
Cañamero说，他们揽到的仅仅是那些大家都不想干的活，像喷杀虫剂之类的，并且，连这样的活都很少。

因为，他们中的许多人都没有就业证。

有时，警察们会开着推土机拆毁他们的营房。

但是这群人，几乎带来家里全部积蓄的人就鲜有人管理了—他们的居住情形是邻近几个村庄里公开的秘密。

帕洛斯港的市长没有就这个露营地回电。

邻近莫格尔市有一个甚至更大的露营地，那个市的市长Juan José Volante颁布一项声明称市里没有足够的钱帮助这些难民。

“对我们来说，这个问题太大了，”他说。

“当然，我们愿意做更多。

”
在一个暖和的春天的夜晚，一些人会坐在他们从垃圾堆中拾来的塑料杀虫剂瓶或破旧家具上玩牌。

如果有钱的话，有些人会到镇里去走走、买些必需品之类的。

但是他们在当地的酒吧都是不受欢迎的角色。

在去年的世界杯期间，农场工人工会就安排了一辆卡车、在树林中架起一个大型的电视屏幕供他们观看。

“酒吧不愿意他们进去，”Cañamero说。

“他们身上散发着臭味，这会影响人家做生意。

而且他们大多数是穆斯林，不会买酒喝。

”
2002年时，Jallow带着母亲的祝福骑着自行车离家前往塞内加尔，希望能在那儿登上一艘前往加那利群岛的船。

他甚至没有告诉父亲他的计划。

他在几内亚比绍共和国终止了旅程，那已是他踏上旅程两年后的一晚，在那里，他听闻一艘赴欧洲的船在几个小时内就要离开了。

船上有太多人—131位—以至于在11天的海上生活中，他们几乎都动弹不得。

最后的五天没有食物也没有淡水。

乘客中呕吐的人不断，他说。

坐在他边上的一位年轻人有一天晚上死了，直到第二天早上才有人注意到。

他的尸体很快被抛到了船外。

“下船时，我们中的许多人都不能走动了，”他回忆道。

“我还能走，但走起来身体像喝醉了酒一样不听使唤。

我把自己置于上帝之手，相信他会照顾我。

”
在加那利群岛的拘留中心呆了40天后，他被带到了欧洲大陆，在那里，他被释放了，并收到要求其离开这个国家的正式命令。

“我以为我很快就要成为百万富翁了。

”Jallow说。

他的母亲设法与他的一位叔叔在电话上联系上了，叔叔说将在一个火车站和他碰面。

但当他到那里后，叔叔的手机却一直处于占线中。

后来，他获知叔叔根本就没有住在那个火车站附近。

不久后，他就会被其他移民一起卷入丛林中了。

在他住在西班牙的六年时间里，Jallow会在餐厅或牧场当临时工，有时工作10小时可以赚到30欧元，将近42美元。

他说到欧洲后，他总共赚了将近12,000欧元，约17,000美元。

他把三分之一的钱寄回了家里。

因为没有钱，他已经有好几个月没打电话回家了。

“在这里，大家日子都过了很糟糕，”他说。

“不久前，我在森林中碰到我叔叔了。

但是我告诉他：他与我毫不相干。

”。