湖北省随州市曾都区府河镇中心学校九年级英语上册 Unit 4 Topic 2 When w

Unit 4 Topic 2 When was it invented？
Section A
【学习目标】
1.学习一般过去时的被动语态；
〔1〕学习be made of和be made from的区别;
〔2〕学习句型When/Where was it developed?
2.学习表达希望和祝愿的句型；
3.讨论新科技及创造。

【预习】
在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.不被允许做某事_____________________
2.对你的健康有害_________________
3.在…上花太多的时间________________
4.让某人看某物_____________
5.金属制造的_______________
6.把…发射到太空___________
7.从…中学到很多关于…的事____________________8.(梦想)实现__________
9.用木材做的〔看得出〕___________10.用木头做的〔看不出〕____________
【知识梳理】在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1. It’s used for sending satellites or spaceships i nto space.
点拨：a.be used for doing sth. ---(被)用来… (强调用途或作用)
b.be used to do sth. --- (被)用来去做…(强调目的)
c.be used as --- (被)用作…(强调被用作工具或手段)
d.be used by ---被…使用，后跟人/物〔强调使用者〕
注意：be used to doing sth. = get used to doing sth. --- 习惯做某事used to do sth. --- 过去常常做某事
2. I wish I could go into space some day.
点拨：此处为虚拟语气，即所希望之事较为渺茫。

链接：(1)hope的用法与wish相似切记！！！没有hope sb. to do sth. 结构
(2)hope+(that) 宾语从句，表示能实现的愿望。

如: I hope I can go there one day.
3. It’s made of wood.
点拨：a. be made of --- 用…制造的〔从成品中可以看出原材料〕
b. be made from …---(从成品中看不出原材料)
c. be made by…-- 由〔被〕…〔人〕制作
d. be made in 在某地制造
e. be made into… --- 被制成某物
4. Because I’m not allowed to play computer games.
点拨：allow ---1) allow sb. to do sth. --- 允许某人做某事
2〕be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
【练习】
I. 按要求变化以下各句
1. My parents didn’t allow me to play computer games. 〔改为被动语态〕
I ____ not ____ to play computer games by my parents.
2. The computer desk is made of wood. 〔对画线局部提问〕
_____________ the computer desk made of?
3. Jim bought a new sweater. 〔改为被动语态〕
A new sweater __________ by Jim.
4. The house wasn’t built in 1998 by them. 〔改为被动语态〕
They __________ the house in 1998.
5. Did he make you work for long time at night? 〔改为被动语态〕
____ you ____ to w ork for long time by him at night?
II
good, wash, use, million, in, do, print, other, wide,
inven t
In the modern life we have many machines. There machines are (1)__________ used all over the world. They can make things (2)________ and faster than people can.
A Washing machine can hel p us (3)______ clothes quickly. We’ll have much time
(4)________ what we want o do. A printing machine (5)_______ a lot of books, newspapers and many (6)________ things quickly. Buses, bikes, cars, trains, planes and ships help us travel faster than before. The computer was _______(7) many years ago. It is one of the most important inventions. Today it is (8)______ in many ways. It can store information and work out math problems (9)_______ of times faster than before. (10)______a few years the computer may touch everyone’s life, even people in villages.
III. 汉译英
1. 邮票是用来寄信的。

Stamps _____________________ sending letters.
2. 我们在阅览室里不准抽烟。

We ___________ in the reading-room.
3. 这座桥是由石头制成的。

The bridge _____________ stones.
4. 我希望有一天人类能居住在月球上。

I wish human beings _________________ on the moon one day.
5. 据说纸是中国人创造的。

_______ that paper _______ by Chinese.
Section B
【学习目标】
1.继续学习一般过去时的被动语态；
2.了解一些科技成果，特别是克隆技术，讨论克隆技术的益处和害处；3培养学生对科学的热爱之情。

【预习案】
在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1下面的信息________________________2.全世界____________________
3一个造动物的实验__________________4.迄今为止________
5包括人类在内______________________6.与…相似_____________
7.与…一样__________________________8无疑的是__________
9.造福人类_________________________ 10挽救濒危动物 ________________
11.克隆技术________________________12人体器官___________
13在它的帮助下___________________14开发更多的途径______________
15.治疗许多严重的疾病_________________16.心脏病___________
17.危害社会_______________________18.制定法律________________
19.确保____________________ 20.克隆的优缺点_______________________
【知识梳理】
在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.点拨：invent--- 创造，创造(动词)
拓展：创造(可数名词)---_______________; 创造家---______________
2.There is DNA in most living things, including human beings.
点拨：including --- 包括,包含(介词) ； include --- 包括,使成为一局部(动词) 3.拨：human being ---人(可数名词) 相当于a man / a woman / a child, 而man --- 男人(可数名词) ---人类(不可数)
练习：写出以下名词(短语)的复数
Englishman---________ German---________ woman ____________
driver---__________ human being---_____________
【练习】
I. 完成以下同义句变化
1. He doesn’t want to be a teacher any more.
He _____________________ a teacher.
2. I wasn’t allo wed to go out at night by them.
They didn’t ______________out at night.
3. Cups are used to drink tea.
Cups are used ____________ tea.
4. What do you think of the radio?
____________________ the radio?
5. Your mobile phone is similar to mine.
Your mobile phone _________ mine.
II. 根据汉语提示完成句子
1. _____________〔到目前为止〕, I have learned about 10,000 English words.
2. The clothes are _________________〔做的〕wool. They can keep warm.
3. Lin Tao has changed a lot, he will _____________〔不再〕be our friend.
4. You can learn English well ___________〔只要〕you keep on working hard.
5. It’s our duty to ____________〔做出重大奉献〕to protecting our environment.
Section C
【学习目标】
1.复习一般过去时的被动语态
2.讨论怎样使机器人更好地效劳人类，培养学生的科学探究精神。

【预习案】
在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.确切地知道______________________2总是，一直____________
3.对…感到吃惊____________
4.机器人的快速开展_____________________
5.不再______________________
6.对待我们如同…一样__________
7.为…做出很大的奉献________________8.have bad effects on…______________
【知识梳理】在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.No one knows for certain, but most people think that robots will be part of our lives.
点拨：know for certain 确切地知道
for certain = for sure --- 确切地,肯定地
2.One scientist warns that if robots start to think for themselves, they will no longer want to be our servants, but our masters.
点拨：warn ---警告,告诫(动词)
总结：(1) warn sb. of/ about sth. --- 警告某人某事
(2) warn sb.(that)…--- 警告某人…
(3) warn sb. not to do sth. = warn sb. against doing sth. --- 警告某人别做某事
点拨：no longer, no more, not… any more, not… any longer --- 不再
区别：_________和________可以放在情态动词，be动词和助动词之后，行为动词之前，也可以放在句子最后注意：no longer和not… any longer表示动作不再延续，必须和表示持续意义的动词一起连用；no more和not…any more 表示动作不再重复出现，常和短暂性动词连用。

点拨：not…but…--- 不是…而是…
练习：a.这幅画不是你的而是我的。

The picture is _____ _______ _______ _______.
注意：当not…but…连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原那么〞
练习：不是你而是他已经犯了个大错误。

_____ you _____ he _______ _______ a serious mistake.
思考：我们学过遵循“就近原那么〞的结构还有：
__________________ / __________________ / ____________ / ____________
3.It has made a great contribution to humans’ health.
点拨：make a great contribution to (doing) sth.---为(做)某事作出奉献
注意：to在此是介词那位科学家已经为探月作出了巨大奉献。

The __________ has ______ __ _____ ____________ to ___________the moon.
思考：我们学过的类似上文介词to的短语还有：
习惯于______________;坚持_____________;期待________________
4.Robots are meant to be our servants, aren’t they?
点拨：be meant to be --- (命中)注定是… , 应该是…
【练习】
I. 按要求变化以下各句
1. We planted many trees in our school last spring. 〔改为被动语态〕
Many trees ______________ in our school last spring by us.
2. The policeman made the young woman move her car. 〔改为主动语态〕
The young woman ______________ her car by the policeman.
3. An English song was sung by her in our school hall last night. 〔改为主动语态〕 ______________ an English song in our school last night.
4. The bike was borrowed by Wang Fei. 〔改为主动语态〕
Wang Fei ______________ the bike.
5. The coat with four pockets was bought for me by my father. 〔改为主动语态〕 My father _________________ the coat with four pockets.
6. Did she take photos near Tianchi when the guide showed her around Mount Changbai? ____ photos near Tianchi _______ by her when _______ by the guide around Mount Changbai?
II. 汉译英
1. 不准我晚上熬夜。

I ___________________ to stay up too late at night.
2. 我们每个人对科学的快速开展都感到惊讶。

Every one of us ________________________ the rapid development of science. 3. 机器人能够帮助我们完成一些危险和艰难的工作。

Robots can help us finish some _________________and _________________.
4. 书本是纸张做的，而纸张又是竹子做的。

Textbooks __________________ paper while paper _________________ bamboo.
5. 如果你花太多时间打游戏，这对你身体有害。

It’s __________________ your health if you spend _______________________. 6. 你知道毛笔是用来做什么的吗？
Do you know _________ a writing brush _______________________?
7. 我希望上大学的愿望能实现。

I hope my dream of going to a college will ________________.
8. 英语学习机是用来帮助我们英语水平提高的。

English learning Machine is used for ________________our English.
Section D
【学习目标】
1.复习一般过去时的被动语态；
2.了解全球定位系统。

【预习案】
在文中找到并划出下面的短语
1.探索我们的世界____________________
2.在哪个方向____________________
3.只要______________________________
4.在其余时间里________________
5.地球的形状________________________
6.(某人)迷路__________________
7.令他吃惊的是______________________8.被警察抓住_______________
【知识梳理】在文中划出下面的句子并分析
1.This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen.
点拨：work well --- (方法)可行, (物品)正常工作
拓展：(衣物)好洗_____________(货物)好卖____________
(机器)运转正常_______________
点拨：as long as = so long as --- 只要(引导条件状语从句)
练习：a.只要你们有足够的钱，就有时机到国外度假。

You’ll have ____ _________ ____ ____ __________ for a holiday ___ _______ ___ your money is ________.
2.GPS is a great invention that helps us explore our planet and discover where we are.
思考：句子中that引导了一个_______从句；where引导了一个_______从句
b. None of them knew where they were or what they were doing.
译：______________________________________________________
【练习】
一、词汇：(A)根据句意和首字母，填入所缺的单词：
1. I’m not a_________ to go out in the e vening by my parents.
2. Thomas Edison made 1093 i____________ in his life.
3. This English Learning Machine can help us to i_________ our English.
4. The person who works in another person’s house is called a s__________.
5. I drank half of the milk and the r_________ of the milk went bad.
(B)根据汉语意思，填入所缺的单词：
1. At last her dream __________ __________(实现)
2. People ____ ________ ____(对……感到惊讶) the rapid development of robots.
3. We’ll go to the concert _______ _______ ______(只要) we have tickets.
4. You are ______ ________(不再) a little girl.
5. These scientists have ____ ________ _____(对……做奉献) our space industry.
6. _______ ______ _________(让我惊讶的是)，he failed the exam.
(C) 从方框中选择正确的词并用其适当形式填空：
invite, plant, send, wide, buy, surprise
1. The MP3 ____________ for me by my mother last week.
2. I ___________ to play basketball last Saturday.
3. They are ____________ at the news. How exciting it is !
4. They made a contribution to ____________ trees.
5. Stamps are used for ______________ letters.
6. Computers are ____________ used in our everyday life.
二、重点句型和语法：
一般过去时态的被动语态结构：________________________________
(A)选择以下的词填空：
1. be made of, be made from, be made in, be made up of
This watch ________________ China. The paper _________________ wood.
The passage _______________ three parts. The scarf ________________ silk. 2. be used for, be used as, be used by
English ________ widely ____________ many people from different c ountries.
Knives _________________ cutting things.
Mobile phones ______________ tools that make people communicate easily.
(B) 选择填空：
( )1. ----Did you go to Jim’s birthday party? --- No, I ______.
A. am not invited
B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited
D. didn’t invited
( )2.---Your coat looks nice. Is it _____ cotton? ----Yes. It’s _____ Shanghai.
A. made of, made by
B. made of, made in
C. made for, made in
D. made from, made by
( )3. Computers are very useful. For example, they can _____ sending e-mails.
A. be used to
B. be used with
C. be used for
D. be used of
( )4. ---What’s your bag_____, Paul? ----Clothes and some school things.
A. fill with
B. filled with
C. filled of
D. filling
( )5. Students ____ slippers(拖鞋) when they jare at school.
A. don’t allow to wear
B. are not allowed to wear
C. aren’t allowed to put on
D. aren’t allowed wearing
( )6. A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _____ while we were on holiday. A. was taken care B. took care of C. is take care of D. was taken care of
( )7. ----- These bananas look different and they are sweet.
----- Right. They____ here from Taiwan yesterday.
A. was brought
B. were brought
C. bring
D. are brought
( )8. The first computer ______ by Charles Babbage.
A. is invented
B. was invented
C. invented
D. has invented
(C)将以下句子改为被动语态：
1. They invented a new bike. ________________________________________
2. They didn’t do their homework yesterday. _____________________________
3. Did she finish her homework on time? ________________________________
4. When did he creat clone technology? _________________________________
三、选择填空：
( )1. I think it’s ve ry necessary ___ us___ learn English well.
A.for, for
B.to, to
C.to, for
D.for, to
( )2. So far, man ___ manned satellites into space successfully.
A.sent
B.has sent up
C. have sent
D. have sent up
( )3. --- It’s an _____ news. ----Yes, we are all very ______
A. exciting, exciting
B. exciting, excited
C. excited, exciting
D. excited, excited
( )4. Li Lei wishes he ____ become an astronaut one day.
A.can
B.could
C.may
D.must
( )5. Could you tell me ______?
A.how to use the camera
B.where is the factory
C.how can I get there
D.how can I use the camera
( )6. _____ y ou a happy Teachers’ Day!
A. Hope
B. Wish
C. Thank
D. Tell
( )7. He ____ this bike for 5 years.
A.has bought
B.bought
C.has had
D.had
( )8. ---Shall I close the window?
---You’d better ____ it open. It’s so hot here.
A. to keep
B. keep
C. to stay
D. stay
四、作文。

网络的出现极大地改变了人们的生活。

它给我们的生活带来了很多的便利，但也引发了一些问题，特别是一些学生沉溺于电脑游戏而不能自拔。

请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的短文。

1.What can we do on the Internet?
2. What problems may the Internet cause?
3. What do you think of the Internet?
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________。