2021年曲阜市实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案

2021年曲阜市实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
Most children who have suffered from ADHD still have it as teens. During teen years, especially as the hormonal changes of teenagers are going on and the demands of school and extra-curricular activities are increasing, ADHD may get worse.
Because of problems with getting unfocused and poor concentration, many teens with ADHD have problems in school. Grades may fall, especially if the teen is not getting ADHD treatment. It’s not uncommon for teens with ADHD to forget their homework, lose textbooks, and become bored with their daily class work. Teens may become inattentive or extremely attentive, not waiting for their turn before blurting out answers. They may cut in on their teacher and classmates. Teens with ADHD may also befidgetyand find it hard to sit still in class.
Often, teens with ADHD are so busy focusing on other things that they forget about the task at hand. This can be seen especially with homework and athletic skills and in relationships with their schoolmates. This lack of attention to what they’re doing often leads to bad grades on tests and being passed over for sports teams, after-school activities, and learning teams. Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying, too. But, not all children with ADHD have trouble getting along with others. If your child does, you can take measures to help improve their social skills and relationships.
ADHD affects all parts of a teenager’s life. As a parent you should discover your teen’s troubles as early as possible. The earlier your child’s troubles are discovered, the more successful the following steps can be.
4. What does the author plan to do in paragraph 1?
A. To list the types of ADHD.
B. To introduce the main topic.
C. To show the author’s opinion.
D. To explain the causes of ADHD.
5. What does the underlined word “fidgety” probably mean in paragraph 2?
A. Clever.
B. Noisy.
C. Restless.
D. Lazy.
6. What is the text mainly about?
A. Ways to deal with ADHD.
B. Effects of ADHD on teens.
C. Teens’ school performances.
D. Demands of school work.
7. What may the following paragraph talk about?
A. How parents can help a teen with ADHD.
B. The importance of healthy peer relationships.
C. How many children are suffering from ADH
D. D. Different opinions about treating ADHD in teens.
C
The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the shore hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we stay here.
Tibetan antelopes live mainly on the plains of Tibet. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted illegally for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a safe place for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We're not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.”
In the 1980s and 1990s the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their living places were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save Tibetan antelopes, the Chinese government placed them under national protection. Zhaxi and volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope wasremovedfrom the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection program since the threat to the Tibetan antelope has not yet disappeared. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
8. What can we learn from Zhaxi's words in paragraph 3?
A. Protecting the animals can make money.
B. Protecting the animals is protecting ourselves.
C. He is not fond of protecting the animals.
D. The reserve is only safe for wild animals.
9. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?
A. Why hunters hunt Tibetan antelopes.
B. Why antelopes' living places changed.
C. Why antelopes' number dropped greatly.
D. Why the 1980s and the 1990s are unusual.
10. What does the underlined word “removed” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Deleted.
B. Changed.
C. Migrated.
D. Recognized.
11. What might be the future condition of Tibetan antelopes according to the last paragraph?
A. They will be over-populated.
B. They will be a threat to man and other wildlife.
C. They will be on the endangered species list again.
D. They will be in harmony with nature and humans.
D
You've probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, that "more" is often defined as around 10,000 steps. With many Americans tracking their stepsvia new fitness-tracking wearables, or even just by carrying their phone, more and more people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living. Dr. Dreg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10,000-step rule, and he found that usingitas a standard may be doing more harm than good for many.
“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man, when he walked 10,000 steps a day burned something like 3,000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10,000 steps as a number” Hager said.
According to Hager, asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions, making it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise, even if it's walking. The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others. He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance. It seems that 10,000 steps may be suitable for the latter.
A more recent study focused on older women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity (长寿).The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72. Researchers found
that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years: Interestingly, women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.
12. What does the underlined word "it' in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The phone recording.
B. The 10,000-step rule.
C. The healthy living.
D. The fitness-tracking method.
13. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. How many steps a Japanese walks.
B. How we calculate the number of steps.
C. If burning 3,000 calories daily is scientific.
D. Where 10,000 steps a day came from.
14. Who will probably benefit from 10,000 steps each day according toHager?
A. Senior citizens.
B. Young short-legged people.
C. Healthy long-legged people
D. Weak individuals.
15. How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?
A. 4,400 steps.
B. 10,000 steps.
C. 2,700 steps.
D. 7,500 steps.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach.___16___Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___17___Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.___18___You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response?＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.___19___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.___20___Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B.Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项We bought a microwave last week. Thismay not seem like big___21___,but we’ ve never owned one before. In aNew York Citykitchen with small counter space, a cubic foot is far too___22___to deserve occupation by a single appliance. But the convenience of heating food___23___finally outweighed the convenience of space.
So this is a better___24___for us.
I have___25___that there are different types of choices we get in life. The first is the good vs. good variety. That is, both choices will___26___us. Which flavor of ice cream tastes better? Which car do you___27___? Whichever option we select, the worst outcome is that our___28___isn’t optimized (使最优化). Not a problem.
Next up is good vs. bad. These choices are either___29___or incredibly hard.
Often we need to choose between short-term pleasure and long-term good. What feels the best today may be___30___five years from now, and what’s the hardest at the moment may be what’s optimal for the future. Good vs. bad choices___31___insight (洞察力) and sticking to our___32___ .
Finally there’s the least-worst option situation, where every possibility is___33___, and we have to___34___which is least harmful. Do we choose the dangerous operation or likely___35___ ? In which poor neighborhood do we raise our kids? Sometimes we have to face many___36___of this sort and we must make a choice.
My microwave purchase___37___falls in the good vs. good category___38___I had the privilege of weighing
one convenience against another and making a choice. Though I now work around the monster presence in my mini-kitchen, I___39___the benefits it offers. Facing inconvenience is not a problem; how you behave___40___ .
21. A. news B. change C. loss D. trouble
22. A. common B. spacious C. precious D. hard
23. A. freely B. effectively C. quietly D. quickly
24. A. chance B. choice C. plan D. life
25. A. noticed B. agreed C. doubted D. admitted
26. A. affect B. confuse C. benefit D. inspire
27. A. hate B. prefer C. accept D. make
28. A. pleasure B. experience C. time D. fund
29. A. reasonable B. effortless C. right D. wise
30. A. comfortable B. harmful C. dangerous D. important
31. A. turn over B. put on C. call for D. take up
32. A. routines B. dreams C. habits D. values
33. A. painful B. useless C. helpful D. unnecessary
34. A. explain B. show C. decide D. guess
35. A. death B. recovery C. survival D. injury
36. A. opportunities B. debates C. dilemmas D. barriers
37. A. hopefully B. finally C. nearly D. clearly
38. A. but B. if C. although D. because
39. A. stress B. enjoy C. ignore D. predict
40. A. works B. succeeds C. fails D. matters
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
If you have learned some maths at school, you can quite quickly work out that one eleventh is about nine percent. However, do you know that nine percent is also the number of children_____41._____are not at school? That's right—one in eleven children is not_____42._____(study) and probably even cannot do the simple maths you just did very_____43._____(easy). They drop out of school because their_____44._____(family) are too poor and they have to work like adults. In 2013, millions of children and teenagers_____45._____(be) out of school. Most live in poor countries,_____46._____there are also some boys and girls unable to go to school in rich
countries. If you are lucky enough_____47._____(go) to a senior high school, you should be grateful_____48._____the opportunity. So the next time you feel like you do not want to do_____49._____(bore), difficult homework or go to class, think about the unlucky children. They don't have the chance to get a school_____50._____(educate). Make the most of what you have learned and make the world a better place.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语
言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In order to improve student’s awareness of environmental protection, the Student Union of our school held the activity. All students in Grade One joined in it in World Earth Day, which was on April 22nd.
At the beginning, some experts were invited to deliver lectures on what to protect the environment, which impressed with students a lot. Afterwards, students keep in line to clean the playground and watered plants, including grass and flowers, to keep them energy. In addition, the students tried their best to collect old newspapers, books and used cans or then sorted out all the things.
Marx once said, “Man creates the environment and the environment also creates man.” One thing for sure is that it is so an inspiring and meaningful activity as motivates us be strong advocates of environmental protection.第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信表示对中国高中学校生活感兴趣，询问你进入高中学习以来第一个学年的感受，请根据以下提示写一封回信。

1.学习情况；
2.课外活动；
3.对未来高中生活的展望。

注意：1.词数80左右,开头句不计入；2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear Mike,
I’m glad to receive your letter, in which you expressed interest in the Chinese Senior High school life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. A
21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32.
D 33. A 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. D
41. who##that
42. studying
43. easily 44. families
45. were 46. but##yet##while##whereas
47. to go 48. for
49. boring 50. education
51.(1).student’s→students’
(2).the→an
(3).in→on
(4).what→how
(5).去掉with
(6).keep→kept
(7).energy→energetic
(8).or→and
(9).so→such
(10).us后添加to
52.略。