新视野大学英语 商业贿赂

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Chrysler Corporation
The Chrysler Corporation, founded in 1924, used to be one of the three largest American automobile manufacturers whose brands include both passenger and commercial vehicles such as Chrysler, Jeep and Dodge. The two other largest American automobile manufacturers are General Motors and Ford.
Manton was a United States federal Judge in New York City, but he served time in prison for accepting bribes while in office.
The Ling Ling Qi bribe the soldiers 1. Why does Ling Ling Qi bribe the soldiers? 2. What can Ling Ling Qi obtain after he take out the money?
贿赂 ，贪污形式，是一种行为意味着金钱或礼物由于改变 了受援国的行为。
The bribe is the gift bestowed to influence the recipient's conduct. It may be any money, good, right in action, property, privilege, object of value, advantage, or influence of a person in an official or public capacity.
The International Chamber of Commerce
The aim of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), founded in 1919, is to serve world business by promoting trade and investment, open markets for goods and services, and the free flow of capital.
Devices for developing it?
Part III
Exemplification (举例法)
Exemplification is employed in the third and the forth paragraph to make the author’s viewpoint convincing.
Main idea? Part I
(Paras. 1-4)
Part II
Bribery and other questionable payments are on the increase in many countries. They seem to be based not on lack of business ethics but on business interests.
政治家接受竞选捐款和其他收益的强大企业 ，团体或个人利益时，这些 缔约方决策的选择，或在预期有利的政策。 然而，这种关系不符合证据 贿赂的法律标准.
Business
A campaign to prevent bribes in Zambia(赞 比亚).
Martin Thomas Manton
Martin Thomas Manton (August 2, 1880 – November 17, 1946)
Main idea of the text ?
Bribery in various forms is on the increase and has become a fact of commercial life. On the whole, the bribery can fall into three categories: for political purposes or to secure major contracts; to obtain quicker official approval of some projects;
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
A U.S. government agency, whose mission is to protect investors and maintain the integrity of the securities markets. The Commission was set up by the U.S. Congress in 1933 in response to “Black Monday”, the Great Stock Market Crash in 1929.
The International Chamber of Commerce
Its activities cover a broad spectrum, from arbitration and dispute resolution to making the case for open trade and the market economy system, business self-regulation, fighting corruption or combating commercial crime. The ICC is made of a World Council (its governing body) and individual national committees and groups. Individual companies, corporations, professional associations as well as individuals can also join the ICC as individual members.
The author’s viewpoint in Para. 3: • Sticking to high moral standards is easier said than done. • The examples in support: A British car manufacturer was accused of operating a fund to pay bribes and of other questionable practices. • People in the motor industry held that if they didn’t bribe to keep the buyers happy, someone else would.
The illustration of the problem (Paras. 1-4)
The analysis of the problem (Paras. 5-8)
The solution of the problem (Paras. 9-11)
Questionable payments ICC is is a up a code Briberyto setcommon can be divided into of conduct in many occurrence that would three categories: 1. ban the giving countries. The and Those for political seeking of bribes. phenomenon is And purposes or to secure a council has “classes introduced bybeen major contracts; 2. proposed to manage on business ethics”, Those for obtaining the exemplified by and code. However, quicker official opinions differ among two examples: a approval of some the members British car of ICC. projects; 3. Those for Bribery seems manufacturer and the help with the passage of inevitable. Chrysler Corporation. a business deal.
许多类型的贿赂存在： 小费 ， 礼品 ， 折扣 ， 免费食物，免费 广告，免费旅游，免费门票， 回扣/回报， 资金 ， 捐赠 ， 更高 收入的工作， 股票期权 ， 秘密佣金 ，或晋升
Politics Politicians receive campaign contributions and other payoffs from powerful corporations, organizations or individuals when making choices in the interests of those parties, or in anticipation of favorable policy. However, such a relationship does not meet the legal standards for bribery without evidence
Main idea of the text ?
and to obtain help with the passage of a business deal. To ban bribery, ICC favors a code of conduct. However, the ICC members are of different opinions. The headache is still there to stay in business.
Forms of bribery
Many types of bribes exist: tip, gift, discount, free food, free ad, free trip, free tickets,, kickback/payback, funding, donatiocret commission, or promotion.
The author’s viewpoint in Para. 4: • Bribery and other questionable payments are on the increase. • The examples in support: The Chrysler Corporation revealed that it made questionable payments of more than $2.5 million between 1971 and 1976. • Three hundred other U.S. companies had admitted that they had made payments of one kind or another in recent years.
Book 4 Unit 6
Bribery and Business Ethics
Bribery, a form of corruption, is an act implying money or gift given that alters the behavior of the recipient.