初三英语上册第一单元知识点仁爱版

初三英语上册第一单元知识点仁爱版
1．aloud adv．出声地(使别人能听得到)Reading aloud is a good way in leaning English．朗诵是学英语的一个好方法。

▲loud adj. 大声的，声音嘹亮的，loud—louder—loudestHe talked in a loud voice so that everyone could hear him．他说话声音很大以便
于每个人都能听得到他。

▲adv. loud—louder—loudestDon’t talk
so loud．The kids are reading．说话小声些，孩子们正在看书。

(Speak)louder，please!请再说高一些!▲loudly adv吵吵闹闹地，噪
声地I heard someone knocked loudly at the door．我听到有人在使
劲敲门。

They are talking loudly in the next room．他们在隔壁说
话声很大。

2．voice n．噪音，鸟鸣声She has a sweet voice．她声
音很甜蜜。

She raised her voice so that she could be heard．她
提高了嗓音队便于别人能听清楚。

He lost his voice．／He had no voice because of the cough．由于咳嗽，他失声了。

▲noise n噪音，吵闹Don’t make so much noise．别弄出那么大的噪音。

I heard a strange noise outside．我听到外边惊奇的声音。

▲sound n．(自然
界中的)声音，响声Sound travels slower than light．声音的传播比
光慢。

3．memory n．(运算机的)储存器A lot of information is stored in the memory．运算机的储存器能储存很多信息。

▲n．记忆
力He has a poor memory after the car accident．车祸后他的记忆
力很差了。

▲n. 回想，怀念I have a pleasant memory of my childhood．我对童年有美好的回想。

▲memorize／memorise vt. 记住，背过He can memorize new words very quickly．他能很快记住很多单词。

4. frustrate vt．使败兴，使沮丧The serious illness frustrated his dream for college．他上大学的企图遭受挫折。

▲frustrating adj. 令人败兴的What he said is frustrating.他所
说的话很令人败兴。

She finds it frustrating to watch English movies．她觉得看英语电影很令人败兴(由于看不懂)。

▲frustrated adj. 败兴的，沮丧的He was frustrated when he failed again in the test．当他再次考试没及格后，他很败兴。

5．add vt. 增加，加She tasted the soup and added more salt．她尝了尝汤，又加了些
盐。

▲add to 增加His coming added to our trouble．他的到来给我
们添了很多麻烦。

▲add up to 总计达……，加起来……The number
of the students in our class adds up to 55．我们班上学生的数目
加起来是55人。

▲vt. 补充说，又说He said goodbye to us and added that he would visit us again．他和我们说了再见，又说他会
再来看我们的。

6. excite vt．使兴奋The news that our team had won excited everybody．我们队赢了的消息令所有的人很激动。

▲exciting adj．令人兴奋的The soccer game is exciting．那场足
球赛很令人激动。

▲excited adv. 兴奋的，激动的We were very excited at the news．当听到那个消息，我们很激动。

7．speak(speak—spoke—spoken)说(语言)，讲话Can you speak French?你会说法语吗?Do you know who will speak at the meeting?
你知道谁要在会上发言?▲talk to／with sb 与某人谈话，talk about
／of sth／sb谈论某人或某事He was talking to／with his friend whom I called him．当我给他打电话时，他正在和他的朋友谈话。

What are you talking about?你们在说什么?▲say 说(后接说的内
容)What did he say at the meeting?他在会上说了什么?She said
she would be back the next week．她说下周回来。

▲tell 告知tell sb sth 告知某人某事(接双宾语)Who told you the news?是谁告知你
的那个消息?▲讲，说tell stories讲故事，tell a lie撒谎，tell the truth说实话Grandma used to tell stories to me when 1 was young．我小的时候，奶奶常常给我讲故事。

Don’t believe him! He
is telling a tie．别信他!他在撒谎。

To tell you the truth，I don’t quite agree with you．老实说，我不太同意你的意见。

8．complete vt．使完全，使完全，(美满完成)She’s trying to complete collection of the CDs．他试图收齐那套CD。

▲adj. 巧完
全的，完全的Can you make complete sentences?你会造完全的句子
吗?He is a complete stranger to me．他对我来说完全是陌生的。

9．secret n．秘密It’s a secret between you and me，so don’t tell it to others．那时我们之间的秘密，所以不要告知别人。

▲adj. 秘密的Let’s keep it secret from others．咱们不让别人知道此事。

Let the cat out of the bag．= Let out the secret．泄漏秘密。

10．impress vt．使感动，给……深入印象What he did impressed everybody present．他的事迹给在场的人留下了深入的印象。

The beautiful sights of the country impressed all of us．那个国家
的美景感动了我们所有的人。

、、▲impressed adj. (被)感动的We were impressed by what he did．我们被他的话所感动。

11. native n. 当地人，本国人When we were on vacation in Brazil，we lived like the natives．我们在巴西度假时，就像当地人那样生活。

The kangaroo is a native of Australia．袋鼠是产于澳洲的动物。

▲native speak er 生来就说某种语言的人He speaks English so well that we all think he is a native speaker·他的英语说得太好了，我们都认为他是个本地人。

▲native language 母语Marx was born in Germany，and German was his native language．’马克思诞生在德国，法语是他的母语。

Important phrases(重点词组)1．1isten to cassettes 听磁带2．first of all 第一3．work／study with a group 和小组一起学习4．watch English language TV 看英语电视5．spoken English 英语口语6．writing practice 写作训练7．join an English club 加入英语俱乐部8．1ater on 以后；随后9．look up words(in a dictionary) 查同典10．native speakers 生来就说某种语言的人11．not at aIl 根本不；一点也不12．end up 终止13. ask the teacher for help 求助于老师14．make up 组成；编造15．enjoy doing sth 爱好做某事16．take notes 做笔记17．make mistakes 犯毛病1 8．make flashcards 制作认读卡片19．read aloud 朗诵20. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难Important sentences 重点句子)1. How do you study for a test?
你怎样准备考试?▲study for a test prepare for a test 准备考试— What were you doing when I called last night?一I was studying for the math test．一昨天晚上我打电话时你在干什么?一我在准备数学测验。

2. I study for an English test by listening to cassettes.我听录音准备英语测验。

▲by 靠，用(方法，手段等)，后接动名词(doing…)He makes a living by repairing bikes．他靠
修车为生。

▲listen vi．后加to再接名词。

My sister was
listening to music when I got home．当我到家时，姐姐正在听音乐。

Listen! Someone is knocking at the door．听!有人在敲门。

3．He studies by asking the teacher for help．他靠求助于老师来学习。

▲ask sb for help求助于某人—You can ask me for help if you have trouble．—Thank you．1 will．—如果你有麻烦，你可以求助
于我。

一谢谢。

我会的。

4．Do you ever practice conversations with friends?你曾经和朋友练习过会话吗?▲ever adv. 用于疑问句和
否定旬中，“曾经”Do you ever worry that you’11 fail a test?
你担忧考试会不及格吗?▲practice vt．(Am.E) ＝ practice (Br.E)
练习▲在美国英语中practice既可作名词又作动词；但在英国英语中practice为名词；practise为动词。

5. What about listening to cassettes?听录音怎么样?▲what about + n.／pron／doing? ＝how about + n／pron／doing。

例如：What／How about going to the movies tonight?今晚去看电影怎么样?6. What about reading aloud
to practice pronunciation?靠朗诵来练习发音怎么样?read aloud 朗
诵Reading aloud is very helpful in leaning English．朗诵在学英
语中很有帮助。

7．I’ve learned a lot that way．我那样学到了很多。

▲a lot 代表一个不可数名词。

例如：Though he is young，he knows a lot．他虽然很小，但他知道很多。

▲that way相当于一个副词，way用于which，this，that之后，构成短语，“那样”。

如：Don’t talk to your parents that way．别那样和父母说话。

8．It improves my speaking skills．它能提高我的口语技能。

▲Improve vt. 改进，改进，提高His work is improving slowly．他的工作在渐
渐改进。

Her pronunciation has greatly improved．他的发音大大提
高了。

▲speaking skill 口语技能 listening skill 听力技能
writing skill 写作技能 reading skill 浏览技能9. It’s too hard to understand to voices．听懂不同的声音很困难。

▲too + adj.／adv. + to do “太……而不能……”。

又如：He is too young to go to school．他太小，不能上学。

She runs too slow to catch up
with me．她跑得太慢追不上我。

10．This week we asked students
at New Star High School about thebest ways to learn more English．本周我们问新星中学学生关于多学点英语的方法。

▲ask sb about sth 询问某人关于……的情形Ask her about the pen that you lost．She may have found it．问问她你丢的钢笔，也许她捡到了。

▲the best ways to do sth = the best ways of doing sth 做……
的好办法Who can tell me the best way of memorizing／to memorize new words?谁能告知我记单词的办法是什么?11. She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a
little．她说记流行歌曲的歌词也有点帮助。

▲that引导的是宾语从句，在宾语从句中memorizing the words of pop songs为动名词短语作主语。

例如：Teaching English is my job．教英语是我的工作。

Doing morning exercises is good for your health．做早操对你的身体有
好处。

▲a little有点，代表不可数名词，其反义词为a lot。

一
Would you like some sugar in your coffee?你的咖啡里想加糖吗?一Yes．just a little．好，要一点点。

12．He’s been learning English for six years and really loves it．他学英语有六年了，
并且很爱好它。

▲“has／have been doing sth”现在完成进行时，表
示从过去某一时间开始连续到现在，还要进行下去的动作。

又如：She has been learning English for 5 years．她学英语有五年了。

He
has been reading for 2 hours and hasn’t finished it yet．他看
书有两个小时了，但还没有完成。

13. He finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly．他发觉看英语
电影很令人败兴，由于人们说话太快。

▲动名词watching movies在此
句中作宾语，又如：I like playing basketball．我爱好打篮球。

▲frustrating为现在分词充当形容词作用，在句中作宾语watching movies的宾语补足语。

▲find sb／sth + n.／adj.／doing “发觉某人……”，后面的“n.／adj.／doing”作宾语补足语。

又如：I find him a hard-working student．我发觉他是个勤奋的学生。

I find physics difficult to learn．我发觉物理很难学。

When she got home，she found him lying in the bed，i11．当她到家时，她发觉
他躺在床上病了。

14．She added that having conversations with
friends wasn’t helpful at a11．她补充说和朋友练习会话一点帮助
都没有。

▲having conversations with friends为动名词短语作宾语
从句中的主语，要特别注意，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数情势，不要与friends一致。

例如：Taking care of the little kids
is her job．照看孩子们是她的工作。

▲not…at all 一点也不，用来
加强语气，又如：I don’t agree with him at a11．我一点也不同意
他的意见。

15. We get excited about something and then end up speaking in Chinese．我们会由于某件事变得很激动，最后用汉语来
描写。

▲end u p到达某种状态或采取某种行动，又如：At first he said nothing but he ended up apologizing．一开始，他什么也不说，到头来还是道了歉。

16．1’m doing a survey about learning English．Can l ask you some questions?我正在就关于学习英语作调查。

我能问你几个问题吗?▲do a survey about sth／doing sth 关于……作调查Last week，we did a survey about surfing the Internet．上周，我们就网上冲浪作了个调查。

▲some用于疑问句时，表示期望得到肯定回答，如果只是询问信息，可以用any代替some用
于疑问句和否定句中。

又如：Could you please lend me some money?
你能借给我些钱吗? (期望得到肯定回答)Did you buy her any gifts?
你给她买礼物了吗?(询问信息)17．1 often keep an English notebook．我常常记英语笔记。

▲keep vt. 记录(某事)，在某物上做
书面记载She kept a diary for over twenty years．她写日记有20
多年了。

I have the habit of keeping notes．我有记笔记的习惯。

18．I can’t pronounce some of the words．有一些单词我不会发音。

▲some／many／all／most／none／few…of the + 名词Most of the students love reading．多数学生爱好看书。

19．1 make mistakes
in grammar．我在语法方面老犯毛病。

▲make a mistake／make mistakes 犯毛病Don’t be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English．当说英语时不要怕犯毛病。

by mistake 毛病
地．Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake?你
知道炸薯片是被毛病发明的吗?20．I don’t know how to use commas．我不知道怎样使用逗号。

▲此句的宾语是由疑问词how加不定
式to use commas构成的，这是个简单句，它可以改为一个复合句。

例如：I don’t know how I should use commas．I don’t know what
to do．＝I don’L know what I should do．我不知道该做什么。

Can you tell mc when to start? = Can you tell me when I should start?你能告知我何时动身吗?21．Why don’t you jo in an English language club to practice speaking English?你为何不加入一个英
语俱乐郝来练习说英语昵?▲Why don’t you do…? = Why not do…?
表示建议，意为“为何不……?”，又如：Why don’t you／Why not
go to school by bike when there’s heavy traffic?当交通很拥堵时，你为何不骑白行车上学呢?▲join加入某组织成为其中的成员，
take part in参加某种活动，attend参加会议，报告，演讲等。

例如：His father joined the Party in 1976．他爸爸是1976年入的党。

People often take part in sports after work．工作之余人们常常
参加体育活动。

I attended an important meeting yesterday．昨天
我参加了一个会。

22. l don’t have a partner to practice
English with．我没有同伴一起练习英语。

▲此处的不定式to
practice English with作定语，修饰a partner。

又如：The teacher has something to say．老师有话要说。

He has no room to live in．他没有房子住。

23．First of all，it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class．起初，对
我来说听懂老师在班里讲话都不是件容易的事。

▲first of all 最初，第一First of all she just smiled，then she started to
laugh．最初她只是笑，后来才放声大笑。

▲It is／was + adj. + for sb to do (句式)对某人来说做某事…… 例如：It is difficult for me to learn physics well.对我来说学好物理很难。

It is important to learn English.学英语很重要。

24．To begin with，she spoke
too quickly，and l could not understand every word.一开始，她
说得太快了，我不能听懂所有的话。

▲to begin with = to start
with 第一，一开始，第一To begin with he had no money，but
later he became quite rich．他起初没钱，可是后来相当富有了。

▲not…every + 可数名词单数 = not all + 复数名词表示部分否定
“并非所有的”又如：You don’t have to remember every word．你没必要记住所有的字。

Not all the students live far away from school．不是所有的学生都住得离学校远。

25．Later on，I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word．后来，我意识到如果有些词听不懂没关系。

▲later on 后来，
以后At first things went well，but later on they ran into trouble．起初事情进展地很顺利，但后来他们遇到了麻烦。

▲realize vt. 意识到，认识到(有一个逐渐认识的进程)，不用于进行时和被动语态。

例如：One day you’ll realize that you are wrong．总有一天你会心识到你错了。

▲that引导的是realize的宾语从句，在宾语从句中又显现了if引导的条件状语从旬。

例如：It doesn’t matter ff you can’t drive a car．如果你不会开车没关系。

26．Also l was afraid to speak in class, because I thought my classmates might laugh at me。

我还惧怕在班里发言，由于我怕同学会嘲笑我。

▲be afraid of sth／to do／of doing sth 惧怕／不敢／恐怕做某事I used to be afraid of the dark．我过去常常怕黑。

She’s afraid to go／of going out alone at night．她惧怕夜晚独自出去。

▲might 表示可能性He might know her telephone number，but I’m not sure．他可能知道她的电话号码，但我不肯定。

▲laugh at sb 嘲笑It’s bad manners to laugh at people in trouble．嘲笑陷入逆境的人不礼貌。

27. 1 think that doing lots of listening
practice is one of the secrets of becoming a good language learner．我认为做大量的听力练习是成为一位好的语言学习者的要领
之一。

▲doing lots of listening practice 动名词短语作主语。

▲one of the secrets of doing sth 做某事的要领之一，要注意one of与复数名词搭配。

例如：He is one of the students who are good at soccer．他是爱好足球的学生中的一员。

28．Another thing that l found very difficult was English grammar．另一个我发觉很困难的东西是英语语法。

▲that引导的是定语从句，修饰another thing，that在定语从句中作found的宾语。

又如：Is there anything that I can do for you? = Can I help you? = What can I do for you?我能
为你做点什么? (你买什么?)29．Then l started to write my own original sentences using the grammar 1 was learning．然后我用
学过的语法造有独创性的句子。

▲start／begin to do sth = start／begin doing sth 开始做某事original sentences 有独创性的句子，
新颖的句子▲1 was leaning为定语从句，修饰grammar，省略了先行
词that。

30. It’s amazing how much this helped．真是不可思议了，这样做很有帮助。

▲It's amazing + 从句／to do sth “……真是太
惊奇了”。

It’s amazing to meet an old friend in a foreign country．在国外遇到老朋友，真是太惊喜了。

▲It为情势主语，真正
的主语是how much this helped在例句中，真正的主语是不定式to
meet an old friend in a foreign country。

31．Now I am enjoying learning English and l got an A in this term．现在我很爱好英语，并在这学期得了个“A”。

▲注意：“A”前边用不定冠词，选用冠词时
要看字母的发音，即元音音素开头的用“an”。

例如：There is a “U” and an “R’’ in the word “hour’’.在单词“hour”里面，有一
个“U”和一个“R”。

32．She had trouble in making complete sentences．她造完全的句子有困难。

▲have trouble in doing sth
做某事有麻烦／困难He had trouble in understanding native speakers．他听外国人说话有困难。

▲make sentences 造句Do you
find it hard to make complete sentences?你发觉造完全的句子很困
难吗?。