罗斯福：四项自由英语演讲稿

三一文库（）/演讲致辞/英语演讲稿罗斯福：四项自由英语演讲稿
mr.speaker,membersofthe77thcongress:
iaddressyou,themembersofthisnewcongress,atamom entunprecedentedinthehistoryoftheunion.iusethe word“unprecedented”becauseatnoprevioustimehasamericansecuritybeen asseriouslythreatenedfromwithoutasitistoday.
sincethepermanentformationofourgovernmentunder theconstitutionin1789,mostoftheperiodsofcrisis inourhistoryhaverelatedtoourdomesticaffairs.an d,fortunately,onlyoneofthese-thefour-yearwarbe tweenthestates-everthreatenedournationalunity. today,thankgod,130,000,000americansinforty-eig htstateshaveforgottenpointsofthecompassinourna tionalunity.
itistruethatpriorto1914theunitedstatesoftenhas beendisturbedbyeventsinothercontinents.wehavee venengagedintwowarswitheuropeannationsandinanu mberofundeclaredwarsinthewestindies,inthemedit erraneanandinthepacific,forthemaintenanceofame ricanrightsandfortheprinciplesofpeacefulcommer ce.butinnocasehasaseriousthreatbeenraisedagain stournationalsafetyorourcontinuedindependence.
whatiseektoconveyisthehistorictruththattheunit edstatesasanationhasatalltimesmaintainedopposi tion-clear,definiteopposition-toanyattempttolo ckusinbehindanancientchinesewallwhiletheproces sionofcivilizationwentpast.today,thinkingofour childrenandoftheirchildren,weopposeenforcediso lationforourselvesorforanyotherpartoftheameric as.
thatdeterminationofours,extendingoverallthesey ears,wasproved,forexample,intheearlydaysduring
thequartercenturyofwarsfollowingthefrenchrevol ution.whilethenapoleonicstruggledidthreatenint erestsoftheunitedstatesbecauseofthefrenchfooth oldinthewestindiesandinlouisiana,andwhileweeng agedinthewarof1812tovindicateourrighttopeacefu ltrade,itisneverthelessclearthatneitherfrancen orgreatbritainnoranyothernationwasaimingatdomi nationofthewholeworld.
andinlikefashion,from1815to1914-ninety-nineyea rs-nosinglewarineuropeorinasiaconstitutedareal threatagainstourfutureoragainstthefutureofanyo theramericannation.
exceptinthemaximilianinterludeinmexico,noforei gnpowersoughttoestablishitselfinthishemisphere .andfriendlystrength;itisstillafriendlystrengt h.
evenwhentheworldwarbrokeoutin1914itseemedtocon tainonlysmallthreatofdangertoourownamericanfut
ure.butastimewenton,asweremember,theamericanpe oplebegantovisualizewhatthedownfallofdemocrati cnationsmightmeantoourowndemocracy.
weneednotoveremphasizeimperfectionsinthepeaceo fversailles.weneednotharponfailureofthedemocra ciestodealwithproblemsofworldreconstruction.we shouldrememberthatthepeaceof1919wasfarlessunju stthanthekindofpacificationwhichbeganevenbefor emunich,andwhichisbeingcarriedonundertheneword eroftyrannythatseekstospreadovereverycontinent today.
theamericanpeoplehaveunalterablysettheirfacesa gainstthattyranny.
isupposethateveryrealistknowsthatthedemocratic wayoflifeisatthismomentbeingdirectlyassailedin everypartoftheworld-assailedeitherbyarmsorbyse cretspreadingofpoisonouspropagandabythosewhose
ektodestroyunityandpromotediscordinnationsthat arestillatpeace.
duringsixteenlongmonthsthisassaulthasblottedou tthewholepatternofdemocraticlifeinanappallingn umberofindependentnations,greatandsmall.andthe assailantsarestillonthemarch,threateningothern ations,greatandsmall.
therefore,asyourpresident,performingmyconstitu tionaldutyto “givetothecongressinformationofthestateoftheu nion,”
ifinditunhappilynecessarytoreportthatthefuture andthesafetyofourcountryandofourdemocracyareov erwhelminglyinvolvedineventsfarbeyondourborder s.
armeddefenseofdemocraticexistenceisnowbeinggal lantlywagedinfourcontinents.ifthatdefensefails ,allthepopulationandalltheresourcesofeuropeand
asia,africaandaustraliawillbedominatedbyconque rors.andletusrememberthatthetotalofthosepopula tionsinthosefourcontinents,thetotalofthosepopu lationsandtheirresourcesgreatlyexceedsthesumto talofthepopulationandtheresourcesofthewholeoft hewesternhemisphere-yes,manytimesover.
intimesliketheseitisimmature-and,incidentally, untrue-foranybodytobragthatanunpreparedamerica ,single-handedandwithonehandtiedbehinditsback, canholdoffthewholeworld.
norealisticamericancanexpectfromadictatorspeac einternationalgenerosity,orreturnoftrueindepen dence,orworlddisarmament,orfreedomofexpression ,orfreedomofreligion-orevengoodbusiness.suchap eacewouldbringnosecurityforusorforourneighbors .thosewhowouldgiveupessentiallibertytopurchase alittletemporarysafetydeserveneitherlibertynor safety.
asanationwemaytakeprideinthefactthatwearesoft-hearted;butwecannotaffordtobesoft-headed.wemus talwaysbewaryofthosewhowithsoundingbrassandati nklingcymbalpreachtheismofappeasement.wemustes peciallybewareofthatsmallgroupofselfishmenwhow ouldclipthewingsoftheamericaneagleinordertofea thertheirownnests.
ihaverecentlypointedouthowquicklythetempoofmod ernwarfarecouldbringintoourverymidstthephysica lattackwhichwemusteventuallyexpectifthedictato rnationwinthiswar.
thereismuchloosetalkofourimmunityfromimmediate anddirectinvasionfromacrosstheseas.obviously,a slongasthebritishnavyretainsitspower,nosuchdan gerexists.eveniftherewerenobritishnavy,itisnot probablethatanyenemywouldbestupidenoughtoattac kusbylandingtroopsintheunitedstatesfromacrosst
housandsofmilesofocean,untilithadacquiredstrat egicbasesfromwhichtooperate.
butwelearnmuchfromthelessonsofthepastyearsineu rope-particularlythelessonofnorway,whoseessent ialseaportswerecapturedbytreacheryandsurpriseb uiltupoveraseriesofyears.
thefirstphaseoftheinvasionofthishemispherewoul dnotbethelandingofregulartroops.thenecessaryst rategicpointswouldbeoccupiedbysecretagentsandb ytheirdupes-andgreatnumbersofthemarealreadyher eandinlatinamerica.
aslongastheaggressornationsmaintaintheoffensiv ethey,notwe,willchoosethetimeandtheplaceandthe methodoftheirattack.
andthatiswhythefutureofalltheamericanrepublics istodayinseriousdanger.thatiswhythisannualmess agetothecongressisuniqueinourhistory.thatiswhy
everymemberoftheexecutivebranchofthegovernment andeverymemberofthecongressfacegreatresponsibi lity-greataccountability.
theneedofthemomentisthatouractionsandourpolicy shouldbedevotedprimarily-almostexclusively-tom eetingthisforeignperil.forallourdomesticproble msarenowapartofthegreatemergency.
justasournationalpolicyininternalaffairshasbee nbaseduponadecentrespectfortherightsanddignity ofallourfellowmenwithinourgates,soournationalp olicyinforeignaffairshasbeenbasedonadecentresp ectfortherightsandthedignityofallnations,large andsmall.andthejusticeofmoralitymustandwillwin intheend.
ournationalpolicyisthis:
first,byanimpressiveexpressionofthepublicwilla ndwithoutregardtopartisanship,wearecommittedto all-inclusivenationaldefense.
second,byanimpressiveexpressionofthepublicwill andwithoutregardtopartisanship,wearecommittedt ofullsupportofallthoseresolutepeopleeverywhere whoareresistingaggressionandaretherebykeepingw arawayfromourhemisphere.bythissupportweexpress ourdeterminationthatthedemocraticcauseshallpre vail,andwestrengthenthedefenseandthesecurityof ourownnation.
third,byanimpressiveexpressionofthepublicwilla ndwithoutregardtopartisanship,wearecommittedto thepropositionthatprincipleofmoralityandconsid erationsforourownsecuritywillneverpermitustoac quiesceinapeacedictatedbyaggressorsandsponsore dbyappeasers.weknowthatenduringpeacecannotbebo ughtatthecostofotherpeoplesfreedom.
intherecentnationalelectiontherewasnosubstanti aldifferencebetweenthetwogreatpartiesinrespect tothatnationalpolicy.noissuewasfoughtoutonthel
inebeforetheamericanelectorate.andtodayitisabu ndantlyevidentthatamericancitizenseverywherear edemandingandsupportingspeedyandcompleteaction inrecognitionofobviousdanger.
therefore,theimmediateneedisaswiftanddrivingin creaseinourarmamentproduction.leadersofindustr yandlaborhaverespondedtooursummons.goalsofspee dhavebeenset.insomecasesthesegoalsarebeingreac hedaheadoftime.insomecasesweareonschedule;inot hercasesthereareslightbutnotseriousdelays.andi nsomecases-and,iamsorrytosay,veryimportantcase s--weareallconcernedbytheslownessoftheaccompli shmentofourplans.
thearmyandnavy,however,havemadesubstantialprog ressduringthepastyear.actualexperienceisimprov ingandspeedingupourmethodsofproductionwithever ypassingday.andtodaysbestisnotgoodenoughfortom orrow.
iamnotsatisfiedwiththeprogressthusfarmade.them eninchargeoftheprogramrepresentthebestintraini ng,inabilityandinpatriotism.theyarenotsatisfie dwiththeprogressthusfarmade.noneofuswillbesati sfieduntilthejobisdone.
nomatterwhethertheoriginalgoalwassettoohighort oolow,ourobjectiveisquickerandbetterresults.
togiveyoutwoillustrations:
wearebehindscheduleinturningoutfinishedairplan es.
weareworkingdayandnighttosolvetheinnumerablepr oblemsandtocatchup.
weareaheadofscheduleinbuildingwarships,butwear eworkingtogetevenfurtheraheadofthatschedule.
tochangeawholenationfromabasisofpeacetimeprodu ctionofimplementsofpeacetoabasisofwartimeprodu ctionofimplementsofwarisnosmalltask.thegreates tdifficultycomesatthebeginningoftheprogram,whe nnewtools,andnewplantfacilities,newassemblylin es,newshipwaysmustfirstbeconstructedbeforethea ctualmaterialbeginstoflowsteadilyandspeedilyfr omthem.
thecongressofcourse,mustrightlykeepitselfinfor medatalltimesoftheprogressoftheprogram.however ,thereiscertaininformation,asthecongressitself willreadilyrecognize,which,intheinterestsofour ownsecurityandthoseofthenationsthatwearesuppor ting,mustofneedsbekeptinconfidence.
newcircumstancesareconstantlybegettingnewneeds foroursafety.ishallaskthiscongressforgreatlyin creasednewappropriationsandauthorizationstocar ryonwhatwehavebegun.
ialsoaskthiscongressforauthorityandforfundssuf ficienttomanufactureadditionalmunitionsandwars uppliesofmanykinds,tobeturnedovertothosenation swhicharenowinactualwarwithaggressornations.ou rmostusefulandimmediateroleistoactasanarsenalf orthemaswellasforourselves.theydonotneedmanpow er,buttheydoneedbillionsofdollarsworthofthewea ponsofdefense.
thetimeisnearwhentheywillnotbeabletopayforthem allinreadycash.wecannot,andwewillnot,tellthemt hattheymustsurrendermerelybecauseofpresentinab ilitytopayfortheweaponswhichweknowtheymusthave .
idonotrecommendthatwemakethemaloanofdollarswit hwhichtopayfortheseweapons--aloantoberepaidind ollars.irecommendthatwemakeitpossibleforthosen ationstocontinuetoobtainwarmaterialsintheunite dstates,fittingtheirordersintoourownprogram.an
dnearlyalloftheirmaterialwould,ifthetimeeverca me,beusefulinourowndefense.
takingcounselofexpertmilitaryandnavalauthoriti es,consideringwhatisbestforourownsecurity,wear efreetodecidehowmuchshouldbekepthereandhowmuch shouldbesentabroadtoourfriendswho,bytheirdeter minedandheroicresistance,aregivingustimeinwhic htomakereadyourowndefense.
forwhatwesendabroadweshallberepaid,repaidwithi nareasonabletimefollowingthecloseofhostilities ,repaidinsimilarmaterials,oratouroptioninother goodsofmanykindswhichtheycanproduceandwhichwen eed.
letussaytothedemocracies:"weamericansarevitall yconcernedinyourdefenseoffreedom.weareputtingf orthourenergies,ourresources,andourorganizingp owerstogiveyouthestrengthtoregainandmaintainaf reeworld.weshallsendyouinever-increasingnumber
s,ships,planes,tanks,guns.thisisourpurposeando urpledge."
infulfillmentofthispurposewewillnotbeintimidat edbythethreatsofdictatorsthattheywillregardasa breachofinternationallaworasanactofwarouraidto thedemocracieswhichdaretoresisttheiraggression .suchaidisnotanactofwar,evenifadictatorshouldu nilaterallyproclaimitsotobe.
andwhenthedictators-ifthedictators--arereadyto makewaruponus,theywillnotwaitforanactofwaronou rpart.
theydidnotwaitfornorwayorbelgiumorthenetherlan dstocommitanactofwar.theironlyinterestisinanew one-wayinternationallaw,whichlacksmutualityini tsobservanceandthereforebecomesaninstrumentofo ppression.thehappinessoffuturegenerationsofame ricansmaywelldependonhoweffectiveandhowimmedia tewecanmakeouraidfelt.noonecantelltheexactchar
acteroftheemergencysituationsthatwemaybecalled upontomeet.thenationshandsmustnotbetiedwhenthe nationslifeisindanger.
yes,andwemustprepare,allofusprepare,tomakethes acrificesthattheemergency-almostasseriousaswar itself--demands.whateverstandsinthewayofspeeda ndefficiencyindefense,indefensepreparationsata nytime,mustgivewaytothenationalneed.
afreenationhastherighttoexpectfullcooperationf romallgroups.afreenationhastherighttolooktothe leadersofbusiness,oflaborandofagriculturetotak etheleadinstimulatingeffort,notamongothergroup sbutwithintheirowngroups.
thebestwayofdealingwiththefewslackersortrouble -makersinourmidstis,first,toshamethembypatriot icexample,andifthatfails,tousethesovereigntyof governmenttosavegovernment.
asmendonotlivebybreadalone,theydonotfightbyarm amentsalone.thosewhomanourdefensesandthosebehi ndthemwhobuildourdefensesmusthavethestaminaand thecouragewhichcomefromanunshakablebeliefinthe manneroflifewhichtheyaredefending.themightyact ionthatwearecallingforcannotbebasedonadisregar dofallthethingsworthfightingfor.
thenationtakesgreatsatisfactionandmuchstrength fromthethingswhichhavebeendonetomakeitspeoplec onsciousoftheirindividualstakeinthepreservatio nofdemocraticlifeinamerica.thosethingshavetoug henedthefiberofourpeople,haverenewedtheirfaith andstrengthenedtheirdevotiontotheinstitutionsw emakereadytoprotect.
certainlythisisnotimeforanyofustostopthinkinga boutthesocialandeconomicproblemswhicharetheroo tcauseofthesocialrevolutionwhichistodayasuprem efactorintheworld.forthereisnothingmysteriousa
boutthefoundationsofahealthyandstrongdemocracy .
thebasicthingsexpectedbyourpeopleoftheirpoliti calandeconomicsystemsaresimple.theyare: equalityofopportunityforyouthandforothers.
jobsforthosewhocanwork.
securityforthosewhoneedit.
theendingofspecialprivilegeforthefew.
thepreservationofcivillibertiesforall.
theenjoymentofthefruitsofscientificprogressina widerandconstantlyrisingstandardofliving.
thesearethesimple,thebasicthingsthatmustneverb elostsightofintheturmoilandunbelievablecomplex ityofourmodernworld.theinnerandabidingstraight ofoureconomicandpoliticalsystemsisdependentupo nthedegreetowhichtheyfulfilltheseexpectations.
manysubjectsconnectedwithoursocialeconomycallf orimmediateimprovement.asexamples:
weshouldbringmorecitizensunderthecoverageofold -agepensionsandunemploymentinsurance.
weshouldwidentheopportunitiesforadequatemedica lcare.
weshouldplanabettersystembywhichpersonsdeservi ngorneedinggainfulemploymentmayobtainit.
ihavecalledforpersonalsacrifice,andiamassuredo fthewillingnessofalmostallamericanstorespondto thatcall.apartofthesacrificemeansthepaymentofm oremoneyintaxes.inmybudgetmessageiwillrecommen dthatagreaterportionofthisgreatdefenseprogramb epaidforfromtaxationthanwearepayingfortoday.no personshouldtry,orbeallowedtogetrichoutofthepr ogram,andtheprincipleoftaxpaymentsinaccordance
withabilitytopayshouldbeconstantlybeforeoureye stoguideourlegislation.
ifthecongressmaintainstheseprinciplesthevoters ,puttingpatriotismaheadpocketbooks,willgiveyou theirapplause.
inthefuturedays,whichweseektomakesecure,welook forwardtoaworldfoundeduponfouressentialhumanfr eedoms.
thefirstisfreedomofspeechandexpression--everyw hereintheworld.
thesecondisfreedomofeverypersontoworshipgodinh isownwayeverywhereintheworld.
thethirdisfreedomfromwant,which,translatedinto worldterms,meanseconomicunderstandingswhichwil
lsecuretoeverynationahealthypeacetimelifeforit sinhabitants--everywhereintheworld.
thefourthisfreedomfromfear,which,translatedint oworldterms,meansaworld-widereductionofarmamen tstosuchapointandinsuchathoroughfashionthatnon ationwillbeinapositiontocommitanactofphysicala ggressionagainstanyneighbor--anywhereintheworl d.
thatisnovisionofadistantmillennium.itisadefini tebasisforakindofworldattainableinourowntimean dgeneration.thatkindofworldistheveryantithesis oftheso-called“neworder”oftyrannywhichthedictatorsseektocreatewiththec rashofabomb.
tothatneworderweopposethegreaterconception--th emoralorder.agoodsocietyisabletofaceschemesofw orlddominationandforeignrevolutionsalikewithou tfear.
sincethebeginningofouramericanhistorywehavebee nengagedinchange,inaperpetual,peacefulrevoluti on,arevolutionwhichgoesonsteadily,quietlyadjus tingitselftochangingconditionswithouttheconcen trationcamporthequicklimeintheditch.theworldor derwhichweseekisthecooperationoffreecountries, workingtogetherinafriendly,civilizedsociety.
thisnationhasplaceditsdestinyinthehands,headsa ndheartsofitsmillionsoffreemenandwomen,anditsf aithinfreedomundertheguidanceofgod.freedommean sthesupremacyofhumanrightseverywhere.oursuppor tgoestothosewhostruggletogainthoserightsandkee pthem.ourstrengthisourunityofpurpose.
tothathighconcepttherecanbenoendsavevictory.
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