高一英语下学期期末考试试题含解析 试题 18

2021-2021学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题〔含解析〕
1.本套试卷一共11页，满分是150分，考试时间是是120分钟
2.在答题纸的密封线内填写上、班级、姓名、准考证号等。

3.请将所有答案均接照题号填涂或者填写上在答题卡/纸相应的答题处，否那么不得分。

第I卷(选择题，一共100分)
第一局部听力(一共两节，满分是30分)
第一节(一共5小题:每一小题1.5分，满分是7.5分)
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项里面选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间是来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍
1. Which food does the woman like the most?
A. Chips.
B. Meat
C. Fruit
2. What does the woman suggest the man do to calm down?
A. Watch TV
B. Go for a run
C. Read a book
3. When does the pool open?
A.At8:00
B.At8:30
C.At9:00
4. Why did the woman stop drinking coffee?
A. She slept badly
B. She had none left
C. She disliked the taste
5. Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A. At a restaurant
B. At a bank. C At a supermarket
第二节(一共15小题;每一小题1.5分，满分是22.5分)
听下面5段对话或者独白。

每段对话或者独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项里面选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或者独白前，你将有时间是阅读各个小题，每一小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的答题时间是。

每段对话或者独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。

6. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student B Classmates C Co-workers
7. What would the woman like to become most?
A. A scientist
B. A doctor
C. An artist
听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。

8. What plants stop growing in the woman's garden?
A. Pineapples.
B. Carrots
C. Cucumbers
9. What will the woman do to solve the problem?
A. Remove the tree B, Grow something else C Grow the plants somewhere else 听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。

10. What is the woman’s first impression of the apartment?
A. She likes the mirror
B. She likes the carpets
C. She likes the windows
11. What does the woman think about the living room?
A. It is big
B. It is dark
C. It lacks furniture
Which room does the woman see at the end?
A. The bathroom
B. The kitchen
C. The bedroom
听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。

13 Which item was most important for the man
A. Pencils
B. Pens C Paper
14. What did the woman forget to buy
A. Glue
B. Ink
C. Erasers
15. What are the materials for?
A . An exam B. A project. C A show
16. How will the man get to school?
A By bus
B By subway C. By car
听第10段材料，答复第17至20题
17. Which is the busiest night at the bar?
A Thursday. B. Friday C. Saturday.
18. What is Lucy's main job?
A. A nurse
B. A bank clerk
C. A secretary
19. How many baby cats did Lucy bring to the bar the first time?
20. How does the speaker feel about the baby cats in the end?
A Confused B. Angry C. Pleased
第二局部:英语知识运用(一共两节，满分是30分)
第一节单项填空(一共10小题;每一小题1分，满分是10分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从A、B、C、D四个选项里面，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1.The past 40 years have witnessed different means of ____from bicycle kingdom to auto market.
A. transport
B. challenge
C. expression
D. communication
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考察名词辨析。

句意：过去的四十年见证了从自行车王国到电动汽车场的不同形式的交通工具。

A. transport 交通工具；B. challenge挑战；C. expression表达，表情；
D. communication交流。

由于自行车和电动汽车都属于交通工具，所以这句话描写的是不同的交通工具。

应选A。

2.Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom____ thousands of visitors during the past years.
A. have attracted
B. were attracting
C. has attracted
D. was attracting
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考察如今完成时与主谓一致。

句意：无论是这座现代化城的美丽风光还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。

由“during the past years〞可知，这句话使用如今完成时。

“either…or…〞作主语时，谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致，its local custom是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。

应选C。

【点睛】during the past+时间是段， in the the past +时间是段，in the recent +时间是段都表示到如今为止的前一段时间是，时态都用如今完成时。

所以由本句话中的during the past years可知，这句话使用如今完成时。

3.More and more countries have come to realize that the world____ do without Huawei and its "more advanced" technology.
A. can’t
B. needn’t
C. mustn’t
D. shouldn't
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考察情态动词。

句意：越来越多的国家意识到世界上离不开华为和它更先进的科技。

A. c an’t不能；
B. needn’t不需要；
C. mustn’t一定不能；
D. shouldn't不应该。

can’t do without意为“离不开〞，为固定搭配。

应选A。

4.Sometimes people from the south have difficulty understanding______ people from the north say.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. how 【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考察宾语从句。

句意：有时候从南方来的人在理解北方人说的话时有困难。

understanding后接的是一个宾语从句，且宾语从句缺宾语，所以选用连接词what。

应选B。

【点睛】宾语从句连接词的选择方法：
1〕当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或者非正式文体中常
略。

2〕当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或者whether引导，意为“是否〞。

3〕假如宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。

例如此题中是用特殊疑问句〔what do people from the north say〕做宾语从句的，所以连接词选择what。

5.At one time French people banned borrowed words from English in order to keep their language pure and________.
A. fluent
B. various
C. unique
D. advanced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考察形容词辨析。

句意：曾一时法国人制止从英语中借用单词，以保持他们语言的纯洁和独特性。

A. fluent流利的；B. various各种各样的；C. unique独一无二的；D. advanced先进的，高级的。

每个语言都有自己的独特性，所以法国人是要保持自己语言的纯洁和独特性。

应选C。

6.Scientists will produce plastic materials from beans, but right now the new product_____ in the lab.
A. is being developed
B. has been developed
C. is developing
D. has developed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考察如今进展时的被动语态。

句意：科学家将用豆科植物来制作塑料，但是如今新的产品还正在实验室里被研制。

由“right now〔如今，此时此刻〕〞可知，这句话应使用如今进展时。

主语the new product是表示物体的，所以语态应使用被动语态。

所以整个句子使用如今进展时的被动语态。

应选A。

7.The professor always spends the whole day in the bookshop_____ he bought the dictionary.
A. on which
B. to which
C. in which
D. for which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考察定语从句。

句意：这个教授经常花一整天的时间是在他买字典的那个书店。

这是一个定语从句，先行词为the bookshop，在从句中作地点状语，并且表达“在书店〞应在the bookstore 前加介词in。

从句局部完好的表述为he bought the dictionary in the bookshop. 将the bookshop交换为which，从句局部变为the bookshop in which he bought the dictionary或者the bookshop which he bought the dictionary in。

应选C。

【点睛】定语从句中介词的选择：
1、要根据关系副词来决定。

关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。

介词的位置非常灵敏，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。

如：when=in/on/at…+which,
where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which。

2、由词组本身的介词决定。

此题考察的属于第一种情况，the bookshop是买书的地点状语，应该用副词where，where=in which。

应选C。

8.The small action of littering may______ disaster for small animals and their living environment.
A. lead to
B. belong to
C. refer to
D. point to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考察动词短语。

句意：随手丢垃圾的小行为对于小动物和它们的生存环境可能带来灾难。

A. lead to导致，造成；B. belong to属于；C. refer to查阅，提到；D. point to 指向，针对。

根据句意，小行为会造成大灾难，应选A。

9.Dad is busy with his essay on the SG networks Exactly. He______ a lecture this time next week.
A. is giving
B. was giving
C. will be giving
D. has been giving
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考察将来进展时。

句意：爸爸真的忙于他关于SG网络的论文。

下周这个时候他将会正在讲课。

由“this time next week〞可知，这句话使用将来进展时，选项A是如今进展时的构造，选项B是过去进展时的构造，选项C是将来进展时的构造，选项D是如今完成进展时的构造，应选C。

10.He managed to_______ a place in the final exam by working hard constantly.
A. explore
B. reserve
C. award
D. secure 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考察动词辨析。

句意：他一直努力学习，在期末考试中获得了一席之地。

A. explore 探究；B. reserve预订；C. award授予，奖励；D. secure获得，获得。

secure a place 意为“获得了一席之地〞，应选D。

第二节完形填空(一共20小题;每一小题1分，满分是20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项里面，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
Early in my teaching career, I heard countless(无数的 )excuses for why students didn’t have their homework. As time passed, I grew tired of hearing“ I don’t have my homework because…〞, so 1 stopped accepting any ___11___
___12___ I taught in a new inner-city school. I___13___my eighth graders with“ No excuses! 〞I ___14___homework at the beginning of each class. when a student didn’t have it. I never asked why. ___15___, I sighed loudly, shook my head and recorded a zero. I soon gained the reputation(名声)I thought I wanted.
One afternoon, shortly after school. Anthony___16___me. His lower lip quivering(细微颤抖).“It’s just that……well, my ___17___work at night. I have to look after my little brothers. so I can’t ___18___. My homework.……〞I put my hand on his shoulder. “Why are you just now telling me……？〞I___19___in mid-sentence.
I knew why. So I changed the___20___. “Would it help if you stayed
here___21___school?〞He swallowed hard and nodded.
The next day, I announced to all my students that I’d be___22___an after-school study. Before long, more___23___joined Anthony, I soon had a large number of ___24___, such as “I don’t have my homework ___25___ I don’t have any paper in the house. 〞All, however, were very___26___.
The things I learned weren’t___27___in the education classes in college. I have discovered that not all kids have enough school___28___.Some don’t have a home where a parent is___29___around. I have also learned that “I’ll listen〞works a lot ___30___ than“No excuses!〞
11. A. homework B. condition C. c1ass D. excuse
12. A. Later B. Late C. Earlier D. Early
13. A. warned B. charged C. punished D. embarrassed
14. A. designed B. announced C. prepare D. collected
15. A. Still B. Instead C. Besides D. Indeed
16. A. left B. approached C. consulted D. begged
17. A. friends B. teachers C. parents D. classmates
18. A. relax B. hesitate C. interrupt D. concentrate
19. A. stopped B. complained C. glance D. whispered
20. A. status B. question C. decision D. behavior
21. A. at B. behind C. before D. after
22. A. checking B. canceling C. offering D. experiencing
23. A. fan B. players C. students D. boys
24. A. stories B. lies C. slogans D. bargains
25. A. if B. because C. though D. until
26. A. real B. annoying C. enjoyable D. funny
27. A. taught B. shared C. required D. commended
28. A. trips B. uniforms C. supplies D. activities
29. A. seldom B. yet C. never D. even
30. A. faster B. better C. harder D. worse 【答案】11. D 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. D 19.
A 20.
B 21. D 22.
C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. A 28.
C 29.
D 30. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

作者讲述了自己早年教学生涯中，听多了孩子不交作业的各种借口，后来规定从来不给学生解释的时机。

偶尔一次有个小男孩的的境况让作者开场给学生提供课后辅导，同时作者也渐渐学到了里学不到的东西：学会倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。

【11题详解】
考察名词辨析。

句意：因此我停顿承受任何借口。

A. homework家庭作业；B. condition 情况；C. c1ass班级；D. excuse借口。

此空格与第一段首句中的excuses照应，应选D。

【12题详解】
考察副词辨析。

句意：后来我在一个新的中心的城教书。

A. Later后来；B. Late晚的；C. Earlier早些时候；D. Early早的。

此空格与篇首的Early照应，Early是指教学生涯早些年的时候，这个空格是与其相比后来一些的时候，所以填比拟级。

应选A。

【13题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：我警告我八年级的学生“不许找借口〞。

A. warned警告；B. charged 填充，指控；C. punished惩罚；D. embarrassed使困窘。

由下文中的“I never asked why.〔我从来不问为什么〕〞可知，作者是之前警告过学生。

应选A。

【14题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：我会在每节课前收作业。

A. designed设计；B. announced宣布；C. prepare准备；D. collected搜集。

由下文中“当一个学生没有作业的时候……〞可知，作者是收作业。

应选D。

【15题详解】
考察副词辨析。

句意：我从来不问为什么。

取而代之的是我大声叹气，摇头并记个零分。

A. Still仍然；B. Instead代替，反而；C. Besides再说，此外；D. Indeed确实。

前后是替代关系，应选B。

【16题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：一个下午，Anthony来到我身边。

A. left分开；B. approached接近；C. consulted咨询；D. begged恳求。

由下句中的“他轻声对我说〞可知，他来到我身边。

应选B。

【17题详解】
考察名词辨析。

句意：我父母晚上工作，我不得不照顾弟弟们。

A. friends朋友；B. teachers 教师；C. parents父母；D. classmates同学。

由于是解释无法做家庭作业的原因，而且还要照顾弟弟，我们可知是父母晚上不在家。

应选C。

【18题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：所以我无法集中精力〔做作业〕。

A. relax放松，休息；B. hesitate 犹豫；C. interrupt打断；D. concentrate全神贯注。

由于是解释无法做家庭作业的原因，无法全神贯注做作业是符合语境的，应选D。

【19题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：我说道一半时停顿了。

A. stopped停顿；B. complained抱怨；C. glance 瞥见；D. whispered窃窃私语。

由下句中的“changed〞可知，我停顿了那句话，改变了一个问法。

应选A。

【20题详解】
考察名词辨析。

句意：我换了一个问题。

A. status地位；B. question问题；C. decision 决定；D. behavior行为。

由空格前后的两个问句可知，作者换了一个问题。

应选B。

【21题详解】
考察介词辨析。

句意：假如你放学后待在这里会有帮助吗？A. at 在……上，at school意为在；B. behind在……的后面；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后，after school
意为放学后。

此空格与下文中的after-school study照应，应选D。

【22题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：第二天，我对我所有的同学宣布，我将会提供课后学习。

A. checking 校验；B. canceling取消；C. offering提供；D. experiencing体验。

由于我是主动提供给学生课后学习的时机，应选C。

【23题详解】
考察名词辨析。

句意：不久，很多学生和Anthony一起来。

A. fan 崇拜者；B. players 队员；C. students 学生；D. boys男孩。

由上句可知这些时机是提供给学生的，应选C。

【24题详解】
考察名词辨析。

句意：很快，我有了大量的故事。

A. stories故事；B. lies谎话；C. slogans 口号；D. bargains交易。

有下文中每个同学都有自己理由可知，每个同学后边都有一个故事。

应选A。

【25题详解】
考察状语从句的连词。

句意：我没有做家庭作业因为家里没有纸。

A. if假如；B. because 因为；C. though虽然，尽管；D. until直到……为止。

这是一个原因状语从句，应选B。

【26题详解】
考察形容词辨析。

句意：然而他们都是真的。

A. real真实的；B. annoying恼人的；C. enjoyable令人愉快的；D. funny有趣的。

这个空格与文章第一段中的excuse照应，之前作者认为学生找的都是借口，是假的，如今作者发现这里边很多是真的。

应选A。

【27题详解】
考察动词辨析。

句意：我学到的这些东西是在大学里的教育课上不会教的。

A. taught教；
B. shared 分享；
C. required要求；
D. commended推荐。

在课堂上教师不会教这些东
西，应选A。

【28题详解】
考察名词辨析。

句意：我发现不是所有的孩子都有的必需品。

A. trips远行；B. uniforms 制服；C. supplies供给品；D. activities活动。

此空格与上段中提到学生在家里没有纸
照应，就是指学生缺少学习必需品。

应选C。

【29题详解】
考察副词辨析。

句意：有的孩子甚至都没有一个父母在家。

A. seldom很少；B. yet但是，
已经；C. never从未，决不；D. even哪怕，连，甚至。

这里强调孩子家里甚至连父母都没有。

与上一句没有学惯用品是递进关系。

应选D。

【30题详解】
考察副词比拟及。

句意：学会倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。

A. faster 快的；B. better
好的；C. harder努力的；D. worse更糟糕的。

这里强调倾听的效果好，应选B。

第三局部阅读理解(一共15小题;每一小题2分，满分是30分)
阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项里面，选出最正确选项。

A
Choose the wrong pair, and you can be in for a world of hurt when you're done your day. But choose the right pair, and aching feet are one less thing you have
to deal with when you get home
The editors at Yahoo Lifestyle do their best to find you the best products at the best prices.
These Crocs are popular among service and medical industry employees. They strongly and perfectly hold up your feet while you are walking. “I’ve worn just about every other brand ( 品牌)of work/kitchen shoes, and this pair beats them all.〞one customer said.
Shop it: Crocs S36.zappos
don't have to worry about water. They also have a removable footbed(鞋垫)with special technology to keep your feet cool,comfortable and dry, which helps avoid foot smell. “My feet love them!〞 one customer wrote.
Shop its：SAS Liberty- S163. zappos
The Walker comes in several different colors, and it has breathable and soft cloth inside to help keep your feet dry and reduce friction (摩擦)against your skin. They also have a lightweight EVA to avoid huge shock. One customer called these，“the most comfortable pair of shoes l have ever worn in my life!〞
Shop its：Walker, S100. zappos
Designed for people in the medical profession, these Nurse Mates look a little fashionable thanks to the leather upper. The shoes have a special design to reduce shock. “Best shoes yet! I can fee l good coming home after hours on my feet,〞 one nurse said.
Shop its：Nurse Mate, S78. zappos
31. Which brands of shoes perform well in reducing shock?
A. Crocs &SAS Liberty.
B. Walker& Nurse Mate.
C. Crocs &Walker
D. SAS Liberty &Nurse Mate
32. The comments from the customers in the passage focus more on the shoes’____
A. comfort
B. color
C. appearance
D. price
33. This passage is most probably taken from a_______
A. notice
B. textbook
C. dictionary
D. website
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。

雅虎生活版块的编辑向大家介绍了四款舒适的鞋子供大家选购。

【31题详解】
细节理解题。

由walker介绍里的“They also have a lightweight EVA to avoid huge shock.〔它们有轻的EVA防止重大冲击〕〞和Nurse Mate介绍里的“The shoes have a special design to reduce shock.〔这个鞋子有专门的设计来减震〕〞可知，walker和Nurse Mate 两款鞋子有减震功能。

应选B。

【32题详解】
细节理解题。

由第一款鞋子介绍里的“They strongly and perfectly hold up your feet while you are walking.〔当你走路的时候它们紧紧的完美的护住你的脚〕〞第二款鞋子介
绍里的“keep your feet cool, comfortable and dry〔保持你的脚凉快，舒适并且干爽〕〞，第三款鞋子介绍里的“keep your feet dry and reduce friction against your skin.〔保持脚干爽并减少与皮肤的摩擦〕〞以及第四款鞋子介绍里的“he shoes have a special design to reduce shock.〔这个鞋子有专门的设计来减震〕〞可知，这四款鞋子都更多关注鞋子的舒适性。

应选A。

【33题详解】
推理判断题。

由每一款鞋子下的地址“zappos 〞可知，这篇文章来自于网络。

应选D。

【点睛】文章来源的推断题在高中英语中常见。

主要有根据文体和题材特点推断文章来源或者根据文章内容和构造推断文章来源。

例如假如文中出现日期、地点或者通讯社名称，我们可以推知文章来自于报纸，假如文中出现网络用词〔click 点击；online在线；web网络等〕可以推知文章来自于网站，例如本篇文章中的第三题就属于推断文章来源题目，由文章中屡次出现的网址可以推断文章来自于网站。

这类题目同学们只要多积累这些词汇和格式，解题准确度会提升很多。

B
To read more, when a self-help book caught Ashley Jost’s eye at a bookstore, Jost, a 27-year-old college teacher, bought the book, Girl, Stop Apologizing, and began reading it when she got home. She was one chapter in when she discovered it was holding a secret.
Jost was sitting on the couch and the dog started barking at God-knows-what. She tossed(抛) the book down to ease after the dog and five dollars fell out on the floor. Surprised, she began turning page after page. That's when she noticed a bright
pink note with a handwritten message.
I was having a difficult day. I thought maybe I could brighten someone else’s with this little surprise. Go buy a coffee, an ice cream or a favorite CD. Practice some self-care today Remember that you are loved You are amazing.
You are strong
Love. Lisa Jost was greatly surprised. Random(随机的) acts of kindness used to happen to strangers on the Internet, not to her. A photo of the note Jost shared on Twitter (推特 )has been liked more than 3, 000 times and shared around the world. In this way, it encouraged people to perform their own random acts of kindness. Jost planned to do at least one kind thing every week. And she’s no one people continue to reach out to her via Twitter to share stories of their own acts of kindness.
Afterwards, once a day for a week, she hid notes and Starbucks gift cards in coffee shops, restaurants, and libraries. She even inspired her dad to buy groceries for the person behind him in line at a Walmart.
34. Why did Jost turn the book page after page?
A. She wanted to finish the book in time
B. She was curious about her dogs bark.
C. She thought there might be more secrets
D. She decided to find the bright pink note.
35. Jost shared the photo of the note on Twitter to_______
A. encourage others to show kindness
B. thank Lisa for her kind heart
C. get as many likes from her fans as possible
D. show how surprised she was
36. According to the passage, Jost did the following EXCEPT_____
A. inspiring people around her
B. reading stories of kind acts
C. hiding gift cards in libraries
D. posting the pictures of her life
37. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A mysterious Lisa
B. An unexpected note
C. A warm-hearted act
D. An interesting book
【答案】34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了Jost偶尔的一次时机在买回来的一本书中发现了一个纸条，上边写着鼓励的话语。

她感到很惊奇。

并在微博上分享这那么消息鼓励大家多多传递这样的爱心。

自此之后她自己也在生活中处处传递着这种惊喜和蔼意。

【34题详解】
细节理解题。

由第二段中的“She tossed(抛) the book down to ease after the dog and five dollars fell out on the floor. Surprised, she began turning page after page〞可知，她把书仍在地上想让狗停顿叫却从书中掉出来五美元钱。

所以她开场一页一页的翻。

也就是说她继续翻书想看看有没有更多惊喜。

应选C。

【35题详解】
细节理解题。

由第四段中的“In this way, it encouraged people to perform their own random acts of kindness.〞可知，通过发推特这种方式，这件事鼓励人们都去随机展露他们的好心。

也就是说她想鼓励大家去展示友好。

应选A。

【36题详解】
细节理解题。

由倒数第二段最后一句可知，人们通过推特向她分享他们的善行，那么相应的Jost就会去读这些故事。

应选项B正确。

由倒数第二段中的“In this way, it encouraged people to perform their own random acts of kindness.〞可知，她鼓励人们展示善行。

应选项A正确。

由最后一段中的“she hid notes and Starbucks gift cards in coffee shops, restaurants, and libraries〞可知，它也会在图书馆藏纸条或者者星巴克的礼卡。

应选项C正确。

选项D文中没有提到，应选D。

【37题详解】
主旨大意题。

文章中的故事都是有一张不期而至的纸条引起的，并且文章中提倡大家多展示自己的善心也是需要通过纸条传递的。

所以选项B〔不期而至的纸条〕即与引出文章中心的纸条照应，又与文章倡导的善心照应，符合文章中心。

应选B。

【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考察方式，标题题〔best title〕是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。

主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。

一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。

本文中第四题就是此类的主旨大意题，由于这是一篇记叙文，我们就要抓住文章倡导的内容是什么我们这篇文章主要鼓励人们展露自己的仁慈，并且这个仁慈是需要通过传递纸条等形式传播的。

所以An unexpected note与文章中心紧紧照应。

更详细的解题步骤参看详解。

同学们要抓住记叙文标题题的这个总结技巧。

C
Someday, umbrellas may do more than just keep people dry. A researcher in the Netherlands has designed a simple sensor(传感器) that “listens〞to rain. And that
sensor can turn an umbrella into a rain-measuring expert.
Tools like this can let anyone gauge the weather. That can help scientists make sure that satellites and radar(雷达)systems that track storms are doing a good job.
“Rain radar is a beautiful way of seeing where rainfall is up in the air. But you never know where it hits the ground, "says Rolf Hut. He designed the umbrella sensor.
Researchers want to know how much rain makes it to the planets surface. Not all rain that falls from a cloud reaches the ground. And it can be difficult for radar and satellites to measure that rain, particularly in cities. A host of big buildings can change how air and rain move during a storm. “It also explains why a single, expensive sensor-the kind that might be found at an official weather station-won’t give accurate( 准确的 )city-wide data, Hut says. But by putting a low-cost rain measuring tool into people's hands, scientists can learn more about how much rainfall differs in these and other hard-to-measure places.
On the inside of the umbrella is a small, yellow disk (磁盘). It is the rainfall sensor. The sensor is attached to a black Bluetooth headset that sends the collected data to a smartphone.
Hut came up with the idea to stick the same type of sensor on an umbrella when he was talking to kids about science. He showed them a photo of a policeman who was holding an umbrella and talking to a crowd in a microphone. Why not put the two together? He thought it could make a cool rainfall sensor .
When a storm came through, Hut compared the umbrella’s new“ear〞for rain to
official rain measuring equipment. And to his delight, he found the umbrella's measurements were“pretty good. 〞 His next step is to improve the umbrella sensor to be more accurate
38. The purpose of this passage is to_______
A. promote a unique umbrella
B. inform us of a new invention
C. make readers interested in science
D. praise a researcher for his Invention
39. The underlined word“gauge〞in Paragraph 2 most probably means______
A. change
B. control
C. measure
D. sense
40. Why can it be hard for official weather stations to measure the rain in cities?
A. Big buildings influence the move of air and rain
B. They are lacking in weather measuring equipment
C. Rainfall differs hugely depending on various areas
D. Their collected data cannot be sent to smartphones
41. What do we know about Huts new invention?
A. Hut is not satisfied with his new invention at all
B. Hut's invention is something useful but expensive.
C. He got the idea when talking to kids about science
D. A policeman in the rain helped Hut with the invention
【答案】38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了一个小创造，将可以“听〞雨的传感器设计在伞上。

全文介绍了它的优势以及工作原理。

【38题详解】
推理判断题。

文章主要介绍了带有“听〞雨的传感器的伞以及与天气预报相比它的优势。

所以整篇文章的目的就是向我们介绍这个小创造。

应选B。

【39题详解】
词义猜想题。

由第一段中的“that sensor can turn an umbrella into a rain-measuring expert〞可知，这个传感器能将伞变成一个测量雨的专家，也就是说这样的伞能帮助人们测量雨。

A. change改变；B. control控制；C. measure测量；D. sense感知。

应选C。

【40题详解】
细节理解题。

由第四段中的“A host of big buildings can change how air and rain move during a storm.〞可知，城中，大片的高楼可以改变空气和雨的挪动方向。

这也就是为什么官方的天气预报难以准确地预测城中的雨的原因。

应选A。

【41题详解】
细节理解题。

由倒数第二段中的“Hut came up with the idea to stick the same type of sensor on an umbrella when he was talking to kids about science.〞可知，Hut是在与一群小孩议论科学的时候想出来把这样一个传感器绑在雨伞上的主意来的。

应选C。

【点睛】猜想词义题在高考中有三种考察形式：生词猜想词义或者熟词生义、猜想一句话的意思、指代关系猜词〔代词或者者名词〕。

从近三年考察形势看，三种考察方式同等重要。

本文中第二题考察的是生词猜想词义。

这种题目的解题技巧是在前后语句中寻找其同义词或者释义句。

同义词不限于词性一样，经常会出现意思相近，但是上下文中选用了不同词性来
表达的情况。

例如此题中的rain-measuring是一个形容词，gauge是一个动词，其实意思一样。

同学们解题时要注意这一点。

这道题详细的解题步骤参看详情。

D
The weather was bad during the latter days of the voyage. A northwest wind was blowing all the time. The Rangoon sailed slowly. The captain thought that she would reach Hong Kong twenty hours behind time.
Phileas Fogg stared at rough sea with his habitual calm. He never changed his expression for an instant, though a delay (延迟) of twenty hours, by making him too late for the Yokohama boat—Carnatic. But this man showed neither impatience nor anger, it seemed as if the storm were a part of his programme.
Fix, a detective who had been searching for a bank robber (抢劫犯), viewed the state of things differently. The storm greatly pleased him. Each delay filled him with hope that Fogg had to spend some days in Hong Kong. The weather helped him. Though he felt sea-sick, his spirit was full of great happiness.
Passepartout. Mr. Fogg’s servant, was angry beyond expr ession about the bad weather. Everything had gone so well till now! Did the bad things come? Passepartout was very worried about his master's bet. He wanted to know exactly how long the storm was going to last. The sailors advised him to refer to the barometer( 晴雨表). He shook it, but with no effect It seemed to have no desire to rise.
On the 4th. the sea became calm. Passepartout cheered up! The sails were spread, and the Rangoon sailed at her full speed. The time lost could not, however, be gained。