高三英语unit 19 相关话题阅读训练

2017年浙江CFLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Mold ovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the el derly, but in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicl e for intolerance than integration(融合). Others say it’s only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society.Other European countries laid d own a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy’s then 56.7 million peopl e, or ab out 2 percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accounting for an even larger percentage of births in Italy.Cojochru, the Mol d ovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent resid ence(居住权) woul d help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Mol dova, where salaries are among the lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.Italians always “see me as a foreigner,” an outsider, even though she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.28. Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?A. To continue to stay in Italy.B. To teach her children Italian.C. To find a better job in Italy.D. To better mix with the Italians.29. Some peopl e worry that the new language requirement may ________.A. reduce Italy’s population quicklyB. cause conflicts among peopl eC. lead to financial difficultiesD. put pressure on schools30. What do we know about Cojochru?A. She lives with her sister now in Italy.B. She enjoys learning the Italian language.C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.D. She wishes to go back to her home country.Key: 28. A 29. B 30. CLanguage learning begins with listening. Chil dren are greatly different in the amount of listening they d o before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners .Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can sp eak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child .Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words l eads to considerabl e difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regard ed as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are abl e to ad d new words to their store. This self-imitation（模仿）leads on to deliberate（有意的）imitation of sounds mad e or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person meansby it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a chil d means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other peopl e say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I d oubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.1. Before children start speaking________.A. they need equal amount of listeningB. they need different amounts of listeningC. they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructionsD. they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions2. Children who start speaking late ________.A. may have problems with their listeningB. probably d o not hear enough language spoken around themC. usually pay cl ose attention to what they hearD. often take a l ong time in learning to listen properly3. A baby’s first noises are ________.A. an expression of his moods and feelingsB. an early form of languageC. a sign that he means to tell you somethingD. an imitation of the speech of adults4. The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech________.A. is important because words have different meanings for different peopleB. is not especially important because the changeover takes place graduallyC. is one that shoul d be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with ageD. is one that should be completely ignored（忽略）because children’s use of words is often meaningless5. The speaker implies________.A. parents can never hope to teach their children new soundsB. children no longer imitate peopl e after they begin to speakC. children who are good at imitating learn new words more quicklyD. even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitatingKey: BDABD2The first way we can approach language is as a phenomenon of the individual person. It is concerned with describing and explaining language as a matter of human behavior. People speak and write; they also evidently read and understand what they hear. They are not born doing so; they have to acquire these skills. Not everybody seems to develop them to the same degree. People may suffer accidents or diseases, which impair their performance. Language is thus seen as part of human psychology, a particular sort of behavior, the behavior, which has as its principal, fuThe trouble with the term “behavior” is that it is often taken to refer only to more or less overt, and describable, physical movements and acts. Yet part of language behavior-that of understanding spoken or written language, for example-has little or no physically observable signs. It is true we can sometimes infer that understanding has taken place by the changes that take place in the other person’s behavior. When someone has been prohibited from doingsomething, we may infer that he has understood the prohibition by observing that thereafter he never behaves in that way. We cannot, of course, be absolutely sure that his subsequent behavior is a result of his understanding; it might be due to a loss of interest or inclination. So behavior must be taken to include unobservable activity, oftenOnce we admit that the study of language behavior involves describing and explaining the unobservable, the situation becomes much more complicated, because we have to postulate some set of processes, some internal mechanism, which operates when we speak and understand. We have to postulate something we can call a mind. The study of language from this point of view can then be seen as a study of the specific properties, processes and states of the mind whose outward manifestations are observable behavior; what we have to know in order to perform linguistically. This approach to language, as a phenomenon of the individual, is thus principally concerned with explaining how we acquire language, and its relation to general human cognitive systems, and with the psychological mechanisms underlying the comprehension and production of speech; much less with the problem of what language is for, that is, its function as communication, since this necessarily involves more than a single individual.D) Language as a Social Phenomenon.7.According to the passage, which of the following stateC) Language is a special kind of psychological behavior that is born wA) It refers to observable and physical moveme9.WhatA) Its individualistic approach to language is meant to study the psychological processes of language acquisitionD) Psychological approach to language is concerned with the comprehension and production of speech.Key: CCCBAEnglish Teacher Need edWe are one of the biggest English Teacher Agency in China, we refer lots of foreign teacher/empl oyee to university or company daily. We provide this service to teacher for free.What you need to d o is l og on our website and register, we will put your resume on Chinese website except contact details. There are thousand potential clients who will view your information daily, once they choose you we will contact with you. For any more details you also can send email to admin@Part Time English Tutor wantedWe are looking for a part time English teacher, the teacher shoul d come from U.S.A, Canada, UK, New Zealand or Australia. We woul d like to have 2 lessons a week, 2 hours each lesson.Please send me your Resume with photo if you are interested, email: admin@Private English Tutor WantedSenior Chinese manager is looking for a one-on-one English tutor for several hours per week. He would like to learn British pronunciation, so UK nationals will be preferred. Tutors should be fairly flexibl e to suit his busy schedul e and be of professional appearance. Pay is to be discussed directly and will be very high for the right candidate. Teaching experience is not a must.If interested, pl ease send an email with your background information, pay expectations and a recent picture to dhanyatk@.CALLING – Teacher/Librarian!We are a small Kindergarten to Grad e 6 international school in Beijing. We need a teacher/ librarian. The teacher we are l ooking for will: - Be a Chinese /English speaking librarian.QualificationsBe self-starters, active team playersHave a positive attitude and love to work with kidsProvide an exciting and innovative library program to students.If you meet the above qualifications, pl ease send your CV and a current picture to principalinchina@yahoo.ca .1. The purpose of the advertisements is________.A. to start a businessB. to empl oy English teachersC. to provide the latest jobsD. to help people find a suitable job2. According to the first advertisement, we can learn that_______.A. English Teacher agency charges teacher for this serviceB. you must go online to offer your basic information firstC. you may call to get more information about the jobD. once you English Teacher agency, you will get a jobD. have the ability to deal with changing situations3. If you didn’t pass the interview for Teacher/Librarian, the probable reason should be that ________.A. you like working with childrenB. you have a strong team spiritC. you lack teaching experienceD. you can only speak English4. The underlines word “CALLING” in the fourth advertisement most means_________.A. job or professionB. wishC. interestD. chance【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. D 4.AEveryone wants their chil d to be a good reader. But, many parents worry that if their child is struggling with reading; he or she will lose confidence and, as a result, will fall behind in other areas of schooling. There is often also the concern that he or she will encounter educational difficulties later on, having missed out on critical literacy development.Children with reading or reading comprehension probl ems often feel stupid and inadequate, and l oseself-confidence as a result. This in turn creates a vicious circle, and they can devel op a complex about learning to read. Reading becomes a chore, and something they resist, as whenever they are made to read they are reminded of their limitations.How can I get my chil d motivated to read?Almost 40 percent of children have problems learning to read and struggle with reading comprehension. However, with early detection, help and encouragement this can be resolved. To our disappointed, many parents leave it too late though. It is vital that parents get involved in their child’s reading activities at an early age.The ol der the child, the hard er it will be to teach them to read. If children can't read well by the time they are 9 years old, it’s highly unlikely that they will ever catch up. And the effects of falling behind in literacy devel opment and feeling like a failure can be devastating.The difficul ty is that as a parent, when you force your child to read, he or she is usually not “open” to l earning.Reading with and to your child all ows them to get to know the sound of words, and enables them to und erstand the relationship between words and pictures on the page.Our solution provid es the id eal medium for children to improve their basic reading and reading comprehension skills.Teaching unmotivated and uninterested children to read is hard. It is so much easier to teach children to learn to read and improve their literacy in a play environment.1. The underlined word “inadequate,” in paragraph 2 refers to _______.A. 不担心的B.不充分的C.不准确的D.不精彩的2. All the foll owing are the reasons for many parents worry that if their child is struggling with reading except ______.A. the children may l ose confidence with time going onB. the children may fall behind in other areas of schooling.C. the children may encounter educational difficulties later onD. the chil dren may be good at critical literacy devel opment.3. What’s the main reason that some children have problems in reading?A. Many parents didn’t give the chil dren suitable detection early enough.B. Many parents get involved in their child’s reading activities at an early age.C. the effects in literacy d evelopment and feeling like a failure can be devastating.D. Many parents force the children to read when he or she is “open” to learning.4. It has not been discussed but can be inferred from the passage than _________.A. The environment plays an important part in teaching children to learnB. The chil dren can learn to read more easily at an early age before 9.C. That the children understand the relationship between words and pictures is importantD. The foll owing passage will introduce more about the solutions to the reading problems【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D3If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language ,you will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Johnson ,”and “Webster ,”but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English –William the Conqueror .Before 1066 ,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups .In the west-central region lived the Welsh ,who spoke a Celtic language ,and in the north lived the Scots ,whose language ,though not the same as Welsh ,was also Celtic.In the rest of the country lived the Saxons ,actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons,and other Germanic and Nordic people ,who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Ol d English ),a Germanic language .If this state of affairs had lasted ,English today woul d be cl ose to German .But this state of affairs did not last .In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England .For about a century ,French became the official language of England whil e Old English became the language of peasants .As a result ,English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German .In some cases ,modern English even shows a distinction （区别）between upper-class French and l ower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words .We even have different words for some foods ,meat in particular ,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked ,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming ,while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating .When Americans visit Europe for the first time ,they usually find Germany more “foreign ”than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French d oes .Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition .1．The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were .A．Welsh and Scottish B．Nordic and GermanicC．Celtic and Ol d English D．Angl o-Saxon and Germanic2．Which of the foll owing groups of words are ,by inference ,rooted in French ?A．president ,lawyer ,beef B．president, bread ,waterC．bread,field ,sheep D．folk ,fiel d ,cow3．Why d oes France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe ?A．Most advertisements in France appear in English .B．They know littl e of the history of the English language .C．Many French words are similar to English ones .D．They know French better than German .4．What is the subject discussed in the text ?A．The history of Great Britain .B．The similarity between English and FrenchC．The rule of England by William the Conqueror .D．The French influences on the English language .答案：CACD4One of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language. It woul d includ e every English word possibl e and woul d give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used.This was a huge task. So Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers respond ed, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living inEngland. He gave his address as “Broadmoor, Crowthorne, Berkshire,”” 50 mil es from Oxford. [来源:] Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors.But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he woul d always d ecline to visit Oxford. So in 1897，Murray finally d ecided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor l ocked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane.Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their l ove of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkabl e friend.Minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.1. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _________.A. came out before minor diedB. was edited by an American volunteerC. included the English words invented by MurrayD. was intend ed to be the most ambitious English dictionary2. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary?A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to Murray.C. He provided a great number of words and quotationsD. he went to England to work with Murray.3. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?A. He was shut in an asylumB. He lived far from OxfordC. He was busy writing a bookD. He disliked traveling4. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became friends mainly because __________.A. they both served in the Civil War.B. They had a common interest in wordsC. Minor recovered with the help of MurrayD. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor5. Which of the foll owing best describe Dr. Minor?A. Brave and determinedB. Cautious and friendlyC. Considerate and optimisticD. Unusual and scholarly6. What d oes the text mainly talk about?A. The history of the English language.B. The friendship between Murray and MinorC. Minor and the first Oxford English DictionaryD. Broadmoor Asylum and is patients答案：DCABDC5Reading to d ogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills（读写能力）, With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional l ove, dogs can provide the nonjudg-mental listeners needed for a beginning read er to gain confidence(自信心), according to Intermountain Therapv Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The groupsays it is the first program in the country to use d ogs to help d evelop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).T he Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read bel ow the level of their fell ow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have l ower self-respect, and regard-reading as a headache.” said Lisa Myton, manager of the children’s department.Last November the two groups started “Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s d epartment of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attend ed three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April. According to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.1．What is mainly discussed in the text?A．Children’s reading difficulties.B．Advantages of raising d ogs.C．Service in a public library. D．A special reading program.2．Specialists use d ogs to listen to children reading because they think ________.A．dogs are young children’s best fr iendsB．children can play with d ogs whil e readingC．d ogs can provide encouragement for shy childrenD．children and dogs understand each other3．By saying “The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea,” the writer means the library ____________.A．uses d ogs to attract chil dren B．accepts the idea put forward by ITAC．has opened a children’s department D．has d ecided to train some d ogs4．A “pawgraphed” book is most probably _________.A．a book used in Saturday classes B．a book written by the childrenC．a prize for the children D．a gift from parents答案：DCBC。