倍氨敏固体饮料说明

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德国pm倍力健的用法 -回复

德国pm倍力健的用法 -回复

德国pm倍力健的用法-回复德国pm倍力健是一种常见的保健品,其主要功效是增强身体健康,促进免疫力,提高活力和精力。

本文将一步一步地介绍pm倍力健的用法,以帮助读者更好地理解和使用这种产品。

第一步:了解pm倍力健的成分和功效pm倍力健是一种德国生产的保健品,主要成分包括人参提取物、维生素C、维生素E、锌等,这些成分具有增强免疫力、促进新陈代谢、提高体力和抗氧化的功效。

通过长期服用pm倍力健,可以增强身体的抵抗力,预防疾病,提高身体的整体健康水平。

第二步:确定适合自己的剂量pm倍力健一般有不同的规格和剂量可供选择,根据个人的具体需求和身体状况,可以选择适合自己的剂量。

一般来说,成年人每天的推荐剂量是1-2粒,最好在饭后服用。

老年人、体力较差的人和病后体弱者可以适当增加剂量,但也要注意不要超过推荐剂量。

第三步:正确的服用方法pm倍力健一般是以胶囊形式出售的,服用时应该注意以下几点:1.饭后服用:最好在饭后立即服用pm倍力健,以充分吸收其中的营养成分,并避免胃酸和其他消化酶的影响。

2.饮用足够的水:服用pm倍力健时应该配合适量的水一起服用,以帮助药物更好地被吸收。

3.遵循规定的剂量:根据产品包装上的说明,将适当剂量的pm倍力健胶囊取出,并轻轻咽下,不要咀嚼或嚼碎。

4.持续服用:保持长期坚持服用pm倍力健,能够更好地发挥其保健功效。

第四步:注意事项和可能的副作用虽然pm倍力健是一种相对安全的保健品,但仍然有一些注意事项需要我们了解:1.不适合过敏体质者:如果你对其中的任何成分过敏或有其他过敏反应,不建议使用pm倍力健。

2.不适合儿童:pm倍力健一般适合成年人服用,不建议给儿童使用。

3.遵循规定剂量:尽量不要超过推荐剂量,以免造成不必要的副作用。

4.咨询医生:如果你有任何健康问题或正在服用其他药物,最好先咨询医生的意见,以免发生药物相互作用或出现其他不良反应。

最后,pm倍力健作为一种保健品,它的功效和效果在不同人群中可能会有所不同。

乐天复方氨敏虎杖胶囊使用说明

乐天复方氨敏虎杖胶囊使用说明

乐天复方氨敏虎杖胶囊【用法用量】口服。

一次2-3粒,一日3次或遵医嘱。

【注意事项】1、对阿司匹林过敏发生哮喘者,少数(2、不宜大量长期用药以防引起造血系统和肝、肾损害。

3、驾驶机动车辆,操作机械及高空作业者不宜服用。

【不良反应】少数病例可发生粒细胞缺乏症、过敏性皮炎等。

偶见有胸闷、心悸、咽喉痛或皮肤瘀斑、出血倾向等。

【禁忌】1、对本品组成成分过敏者禁用。

2、活动性消化性溃疡者禁用。

3、孕妇及哺乳期妇女禁用。

4、新生儿和1岁以下婴儿禁用。

【适应症】用于感冒引起的头疼发热、鼻塞、流鼻涕、咳嗽等症状。

【药物相互作用】1、长期大量应用本品可减少凝血因子在肝内的合成,产生出血倾向,增强抗凝药的抗凝作用。

2、与抗病毒药齐多夫定(zidovudine)合用,可降低清除率,从而增加毒性。

【药理毒理】本品为复方解热镇痛药。

本品系根据感冒症状及发病机理,按中、西医结合的原则而制成。

其中对乙酰氨基酚作用机制是通过抑制下视丘体温调节中枢前列腺素(PGE2)合成和释放而产生周围血管扩张,引起出汗以达到解热作用,同时能抑制缓激肽等的作用,提高痛阈而产生镇痛作用。

马来酸氯苯那敏为抗组胺药,能竞争性阻断H1受体而产生抗过敏作用,同时还可消除或减轻鼻塞、打喷嚏、流鼻涕以及各种过敏症状,并具有镇静作用。

中药千里光具有清热解毒、消肿止痛、祛痰止咳的功能。

虎杖具有祛风利湿、散瘀定痛、止咳化痰的功效。

【包装】18粒【类型】处方药【医保】非【国家/地区】国产【剂型】胶囊剂【成份】对乙酰氨基酚,马来酸氯苯那敏。

马来酸氯苯那敏片说明书

马来酸氯苯那敏片说明书

马来酸氯苯那敏片说明书马来酸氯苯那敏片(国药)可治疗过敏性鼻炎:对过敏性鼻炎和上呼吸道感染引起的鼻充血有效,可用于感冒或鼻窦炎;皮肤粘膜的过敏:对荨麻疹、枯草热、血管运动性鼻炎均有效,并能缓解虫咬所致皮肤瘙痒和水肿。

下面是店铺整理的马来酸氯苯那敏片说明书,欢迎阅读。

马来酸氯苯那敏片商品介绍通用名:马来酸氯苯那敏片生产厂家: 国药集团容生制药有限公司批准文号:国药准字H41023399药品规格:4mg*1000片药品价格:¥8元马来酸氯苯那敏片说明书【通用名称】马来酸氯苯那敏片【商品名称】马来酸氯苯那敏片(国药)【拼音全码】MaLaiSuanLvBenNaMinPian【主要成份】马来酸氯苯那敏片每片含主要成分马来酸氯苯那敏4毫克。

【性状】马来酸氯苯那敏片为白色片。

【适应症/功能主治】马来酸氯苯那敏可治疗过敏性鼻炎:对过敏性鼻炎和上呼吸道感染引起的鼻充血有效,可用于感冒或鼻窦炎;皮肤粘膜的过敏:对荨麻疹、枯草热、血管运动性鼻炎均有效,并能缓解虫咬所致皮肤瘙痒和水肿。

【规格型号】4mg*1000s【用法用量】口服。

成人一次1片,一日3次。

【不良反应】主要不良反应为嗜睡、口渴、多尿、咽喉痛、困倦、虚弱感、心悸、皮肤瘀斑、出血倾向。

【禁忌】尚不明确。

【注意事项】1.对马来酸氯苯那敏片过敏者禁用。

2.老年人较敏感应适当减量。

3.新生儿、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、膀胱颈梗阻、幽门十二指肠梗阻、甲状腺机能亢进,高血压和前列腺肥大者慎用。

4.高空作业者,车辆驾驶人员,机械操作人员工作时间禁用。

5.当药品性状发生改变时禁止服用。

6.如服用过量,或出现严重不良反应,请立即就医。

7.儿童必须在成人监护下使用。

8.请将此药品放在儿童不能接触的地方。

【儿童用药】尚不明确。

【老年患者用药】尚不明确。

【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】尚不明确。

【药物相互作用】1.与解热镇痛药物配伍,可增强其镇痛和缓解感冒症状的作用。

2.与中枢镇静药、催眠药、安定药或乙醇并用,可增加对中枢神经的抑制作用。

如何给宝宝选奶粉

如何给宝宝选奶粉

健康/妈咪宝贝健康宝宝健康博览健康博览2020/0752粉□文/本刊记者叶云前段时间,湖南郴州永兴县惊爆令人痛心的“大头娃娃”事件。

这些孩子长期吃一种名为“倍氨敏”的所谓“特殊医学用途奶粉”,然后出现湿疹、体重严重下降,不停拍头等异常情况,最终被确诊为佝偻病。

事实上,母婴店推荐的这款奶粉是一种固体饮料,并不具有特殊医学用途奶粉的资质。

那什么是特殊医学用途奶粉?如何帮宝宝正确选择奶粉?什么是特殊医学用途奶粉特殊医学用途奶粉简称特医奶粉,它不是药品,但要求跟药品一样严格。

特医奶粉是在孩子生病时,如蛋白过敏、早产、对脂肪吸收不良、代谢性疾病等情况下,孩子缺乏哪种特殊营养,或对哪种配方过敏,就提供相应的配方,满足生长发育的需求。

因此,特医奶粉不但要有蛋白质、糖、脂肪、维生素、矿物质等各种营养素,还要根据特殊孩子的生长需要有相应合适的调整配方。

目前常见的特医奶粉一般分为:●无乳糖或低乳糖配方奶粉:针对乳糖不耐受婴儿;●乳蛋白部分水解配方奶粉:针对乳蛋白过敏高风险婴儿;●乳蛋白深度水解配方或氨基酸配方奶粉:针对食物蛋白过敏婴儿;●早产/低出生体重婴儿配方奶粉:针对早产/低出生体重儿;●氨基酸代谢障碍配方奶粉:氨基酸代谢障碍婴儿;●母乳营养补充剂奶粉:早产/低出生体重儿。

健康博览2020/0753健康/妈咪宝贝健康宝宝健康博览宝宝牛奶蛋白过敏必须喝特医奶粉吗牛奶蛋白过敏是大多数宝宝需要食用特医奶粉的主要原因。

此次“大头娃娃”事件里,某受害宝宝在6月龄时查出对牛奶蛋白过敏,因此医生建议家长购买氨基酸奶粉喂养宝宝。

那么是不是所有牛奶蛋白过敏的宝宝都必须食用氨基酸奶粉呢?首先,我们要先判断宝宝是否牛奶蛋白过敏。

宝宝牛奶蛋白过敏会出现这些症状:●胃肠道症状:呕吐、反流、腹泻、便秘甚至便血。

●皮肤症状:湿疹样的皮疹、荨麻疹、红斑等。

●呼吸道症状:流清涕,反复咳嗽、哮喘。

过敏症状不是特别严重的话,使用普通抗过敏药就能缓解。

氨咖黄敏口服溶液说明书

氨咖黄敏口服溶液说明书

氨咖黄敏口服溶液以下内容仅供参考,请以药品包装盒中的说明书为准。

核准日期:2005年11月07日氨咖黄敏口服溶液说明书请仔细阅读说明书并在医师指导下使用【药品名称】通用名称:氨咖黄敏口服液英文名称:Paracetamol,Caffeine,Cow bezoqr andChlorphenamine Maleate Oral Solution汉语拼音:AnkahuangminKoufurongye【成份】每10毫升含对乙酰氨基酚250毫克、咖啡因15毫克、马来酸氯苯那敏3毫克、人工牛黄10毫克。

【性状】淡黄色或淡棕黄色澄清液体,味甜、芳香。

【适应症】用于感冒引起的发热、喷嚏、流涕、鼻塞、头痛、咽痛等的对症治疗。

【规格】每支装10ml。

【用法用量】口服。

一次10~20ml,一日3次。

儿童:1~4岁,一次2.5ml;5~9岁,一次5ml;10岁以上儿童一次7.5ml~10ml。

【不良反应】少数病人用药,出现轻度嗜睡症,无需停药。

【禁忌症】对本品任一种成份过敏者禁用。

【注意事项】1.每次服用间隔时间不少于6小时。

2.肝、肾功能不全者慎用。

3.服药期间不宜驾驶车辆、操作机器及高空作业。

【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】在医生指导下服用。

【儿童用药】在医生指导下服用。

【老年用药】在医生指导下服用。

【药物相互作用】尚不明确。

【药物过量】尚不明确。

【药理毒理】具有解热、镇痛及抗过敏作用。

配方中对乙酰氨基酚具有解热、镇痛作用;马来酸氯苯那敏系抗组胺药,可减轻黏膜血管通透性,有抗过敏作用;咖啡因有加强治疗头痛的效果;人工牛黄具有镇静抗惊厥作用。

上述诸药制成复方,具有解热、镇痛、解除或改善感冒或流感所致各种症状的作用。

【药代动力学】尚不明确。

【贮藏】遮光,密闭保存。

(贮藏温度:10~30℃)。

【包装】药用玻璃瓶,毎盒装10支。

【有效期】 36个月。

奶制品生产的安全问题安全生产

奶制品生产的安全问题安全生产

奶制品生产的安全问题1、近年来,国内奶粉发生过哪些安全问题?食品安全一直都是大家最关心的问题,近几年来,食品安全问题在中国也显得特别的突出。

从曾经的“大头娃娃”奶粉事件起,已经留给人们深刻的印象,国内奶粉的安全问题也都是家长们最关心的。

近年来,国内奶粉发生过哪些安全问题?一,上海公安部门曾破获一起冒牌乳粉案件,通过督查情况和公安查实情况来看,目前涉及的品牌只有雅贝和贝因美婴幼儿配方奶粉这两个品牌。

据国务院食安办通报,该犯罪分子是以市场上购买低价格的婴幼儿配方乳粉装入到仿制的雅贝贝因美的罐体当中冒充高价格品牌婴幼儿配方奶粉销售。

二,湖南郴州永安县又再次出现大头娃娃的事件,是一款名为“倍氨敏”的特医奶粉,这款奶粉是一种固体饮料并不具备有特异奶粉的资质。

很多孩子出了之后,出现明显的身体不适,比如湿疹,体重下降,头骨颅畸形等。

目前公司已经介入调查,对于产品种类和适用人群,客服称“倍氨敏”是普通食品,普通人群均可使用产品符合国家的标准。

对于该产品为何出现牛奶过敏的现象,客服称该产品是针对普通人的,是可以售卖,公司只是依据国家法规定生产对于门面销售给孩子他们并不清楚。

国内奶粉出现质量问题,都是因为商家贪图更多的利益,加入了一些其他的物质。

监管部门不到位才造成了中国奶粉出现问题的情况。

类似这样的中国奶粉发生的安全问题还有很多,希望这样的事情不会再发生,监管部门也应该要严把质量关,安全观作为监管部门,要认真的履行自己的职责,这样才能够给婴幼儿奶粉做好质量的把关,避免国内奶粉再次发生类似的事件。

2、对于乳制品的安全问题,消费者需要知道各个环节的哪些信息?查看包装上的标注是否企业通过了乳制品危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)体系认证,这是第三方认证机构对企业食品安全方面的全方位预防体系,保证乳制品从原料、生产过程、包装、储运等全方位的防护体系。

美芬那敏铵糖浆说明书

美芬那敏铵糖浆说明书

美芬那敏铵糖浆以下内容仅供参考,请以药品包装盒中的说明书为准。

美芬那敏铵糖浆说明书请仔细阅读说明书并在医师指导下购买和使用【药品名称】通用名称:美芬那敏铵糖浆英文名称:Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide,ChlorphenamineMaleate and Ammonium Chloride Syrup汉语拼音:Meifennamin An Tangjiang【主要成份】本品为复方制剂,其组分为:每5毫升含氢溴酸右美沙芬4.5mg,马来酸氯苯那敏2mg,氯化铵30mg。

【性状】本品为红色澄清液体;味甜。

【适应症】主要用于消除或缓解因上呼吸道感染和过敏性反应引起的咳嗽、痰多而粘稠,或同时伴有鼻塞、流涕以及打喷嚏等症状。

【规格】1ml:氢溴酸右美沙芬0.9mg,马来酸氯苯那敏0.4mg 与氯化铵6mg。

【用法用量】本品仅供小儿口服。

2岁以下请遵照医生指示服用;2~6岁,每次一茶匙﹝5ml﹞,每日服2~3次;6~12岁,每次一茶匙半﹝7.5ml﹞,每日服3~4次或遵照医生指示服用。

【不良反应】个别可见轻微胃肠道不适,如恶心、呕吐、胃痛、食欲缺乏、口干、便秘等;亦可见嗜睡、视力模糊、排尿不畅、胸部发紧、出血倾向、血压稍降、耳鸣、头晕、头痛、肌肉痉挛及对光线敏感等反应。

【禁忌】1. 对本品各成分过敏者禁用。

2.患有心脏病、高血压、甲状腺功能亢进、青光眼、哮喘、肺气肿、前列腺肥大以及抑郁症的小儿禁用。

3.下呼吸道感染及哮喘发作者禁用(因可使痰液变稠而加重疾病)。

4.肝肾功能不全者禁用。

【注意事项】1.本品不适宜长期服用,用药不得超过7天,如症状未缓解,应向医师或药师咨询。

2.当本品性状发生改变时禁止使用。

3.儿童必须在成人监护下使用。

4.请将本品置于儿童不能触及的地方。

5.镰状细胞贫血者可引起缺氧或(和)酸中毒。

【药物相互作用】1.中枢神经抑制药如镇静催眠、抗惊厥药以及乙醇(酒精)可增强本品的作用和不良作用。

beclomethasone倍氯米松FDA说明书

beclomethasone倍氯米松FDA说明书

BECONASE AQ- beclomethasone dipropionate monohydrate spray, suspension GlaxoSmithKline LLC----------®BECONASE AQ(beclomethasone dipropionate,monohydrate)Nasal Spray, 42 mcgFor Intranasal Use Only.SHAKE WELL BEFORE USE.DESCRIPTIONBeclomethasone dipropionate, monohydrate, the active component of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray, is an anti-inflammatory steroid having the chemical name 9-chloro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16β-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17,21-dipropionate, monohydrate and the following chemicalstructure:Beclomethasone 17,21-dipropionate is a diester of beclomethasone, a synthetic halogenatedcorticosteroid. Beclomethasone dipropionate, monohydrate is a white to creamy-white, odorlesspowder with a molecular weight of 539.06. It is very slightly soluble in water, very soluble inchloroform, and freely soluble in acetone and in ethanol.BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray is a metered-dose, manual pump spray unit containing a microcrystallinesuspension of beclomethasone dipropionate, monohydrate equivalent to 42 mcg of beclomethasonedipropionate, calculated on the dried basis, in an aqueous medium containing microcrystalline cellulose,carboxymethylcellulose sodium, dextrose, benzalkonium chloride, polysorbate 80, and 0.25% v/wphenylethyl alcohol. The pH through expiry is 5.0 to 6.8.After initial priming (6 actuations), each actuation of the pump delivers from the nasal adapter 100 mg ofsuspension containing beclomethasone dipropionate, monohydrate equivalent to 42 mcg ofbeclomethasone dipropionate. If the pump is not used for 7 days, it should be primed until a fine sprayappears. Each 25-g bottle of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray provides 180 metered sprays.CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGYMechanism of ActionFollowing topical administration, beclomethasone dipropionate produces anti-inflammatory andvasoconstrictor effects. The mechanisms responsible for the anti-inflammatory action ofbeclomethasone dipropionate are unknown. Corticosteroids have been shown to have a wide range ofeffects on multiple cell types (e.g., mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes)and mediators (e.g., histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and cytokines) involved in inflammation. Thedirect relationship of these findings to the effects of beclomethasone dipropionate on allergic rhinitissymptoms is not known.Biopsies of nasal mucosa obtained during clinical studies showed no histopathologic changes when beclomethasone dipropionate was administered intranasally.Beclomethasone dipropionate is a pro-drug with weak glucocorticoid receptor binding affinity. It is hydrolyzed via esterase enzymes to its active metabolite beclomethasone-17-monopropionate (B-17-MP), which has high topical anti-inflammatory activity.PharmacokineticsAbsorption: Beclomethasone dipropionate is sparingly soluble in water. When given by nasal inhalation in the form of an aqueous or aerosolized suspension, the drug is deposited primarily in the nasal passages. The majority of the drug is eventually swallowed. Following intranasal administration of aqueous beclomethasone dipropionate, the systemic absorption was assessed by measuring the plasma concentrations of its active metabolite B-17-MP, for which the absolute bioavailability following intranasal administration is 44% (43% of the administered dose came from the swallowed portion and only 1% of the total dose was bioavailable from the nose). The absorption of unchanged beclomethasone dipropionate following oral and intranasal dosing was undetectable (plasma concentrations <50 pg/mL).Distribution: The tissue distribution at steady state for beclomethasone dipropionate is moderate (20 L) but more extensive for B-17-MP (424 L). There is no evidence of tissue storage of beclomethasone dipropionate or its metabolites. Plasma protein binding is moderately high (87%).Metabolism: Beclomethasone dipropionate is cleared very rapidly from the systemic circulation by metabolism mediated via esterase enzymes that are found in most tissues. The main product of metabolism is the active metabolite (B-17-MP). Minor inactive metabolites, beclomethasone-21-monopropionate (B-21-MP) and beclomethasone (BOH), are also formed, but these contribute little to systemic exposure.Elimination: The elimination of beclomethasone dipropionate and B-17-MP after intravenous administration are characterized by high plasma clearance (150 and 120 L/hour) with corresponding terminal elimination half-lives of 0.5 and 2.7 hours. Following oral administration of tritiated beclomethasone dipropionate, approximately 60% of the dose was excreted in the feces within96 hours, mainly as free and conjugated polar metabolites. Approximately 12% of the dose was excreted as free and conjugated polar metabolites in the urine. The renal clearance of beclomethasone dipropionate and its metabolites is negligible.PharmacodynamicsThe effects of beclomethasone dipropionate on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function have been evaluated in adult volunteers by other routes of administration. Studies with beclomethasone dipropionate by the intranasal route may demonstrate that there is more or that there is less absorption by this route of administration. There was no suppression of early morning plasma cortisol concentrations when beclomethasone dipropionate was administered in a dose of 1,000 mcg/day for 1 month as an oral aerosol or for 3 days by intramuscular injection. However, partial suppression of plasma cortisol concentrations was observed when beclomethasone dipropionate was administered in doses of2,000 mcg/day either by oral aerosol or intramuscular injection. Immediate suppression of plasma cortisol concentrations was observed after single doses of 4,000 mcg of beclomethasone dipropionate. Suppression of HPA function (reduction of early morning plasma cortisol levels) has been reported in adult patients who received 1,600-mcg daily doses of oral beclomethasone dipropionate for 1 month. In clinical studies using beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol intranasally, there was no evidence of adrenal insufficiency. The effect of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray on HPA function was not evaluated but would not be expected to differ from intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol.In 1 study in children with asthma, the administration of inhaled beclomethasone at recommended daily doses for at least 1 year was associated with a reduction in nocturnal cortisol secretion. The clinicalsignificance of this finding is not clear. It reinforces other evidence, however, that topical beclomethasone may be absorbed in amounts that can have systemic effects and that physicians should be alert for evidence of systemic effects, especially in chronically treated patients (see PRECAUTIONS).INDICATIONS AND USAGEBECONASE AQ Nasal Spray is indicated for the relief of the symptoms of seasonal or perennial allergic and nonallergic (vasomotor) rhinitis.Results from 2 clinical trials have shown that significant symptomatic relief was obtained within 3 days. However, symptomatic relief may not occur in some patients for as long as 2 weeks. BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should not be continued beyond 3 weeks in the absence of significant symptomatic improvement. BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should not be used in the presence of untreated localized infection involving the nasal mucosa.BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray is also indicated for the prevention of recurrence of nasal polyps following surgical removal.Clinical studies have shown that treatment of the symptoms associated with nasal polyps may have to be continued for several weeks or more before a therapeutic result can be fully assessed. Recurrence of symptoms due to polyps can occur after stopping treatment, depending on the severity of the disease. CONTRAINDICATIONSHypersensitivity to any of the ingredients of this preparation contraindicates its use.WARNINGSThe replacement of a systemic corticosteroid with BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray can be accompanied by signs of adrenal insufficiency.Careful attention must be given when patients previously treated for prolonged periods with systemic corticosteroids are transferred to BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray. This is particularly important in those patients who have associated asthma or other clinical conditions where too rapid a decrease in systemic corticosteroids may cause a severe exacerbation of their symptoms.If recommended doses of intranasal beclomethasone are exceeded or if individuals are particularly sensitive or predisposed by virtue of recent systemic steroid therapy, symptoms of hypercorticism may occur, including very rare cases of menstrual irregularities, acneiform lesions, cataracts, and cushingoid features. If such changes occur, BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should be discontinued slowly consistent with accepted procedures for discontinuing oral steroid therapy.Persons who are using drugs that suppress the immune system are more susceptible to infections than healthy individuals. Chickenpox and measles, for example, can have a more serious or even fatal course in susceptible children or adults using corticosteroids. In children or adults who have not had these diseases or been properly immunized, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure. How the dose, route, and duration of corticosteroid administration affect the risk of developing a disseminated infection is not known. The contribution of the underlying disease and/or prior corticosteroid treatment to the risk is also not known. If exposed to chickenpox, prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) may be indicated. If exposed to measles, prophylaxis with pooled intramuscular immunoglobulin (IG) may be indicated. (See the respective package inserts for complete VZIG and IG prescribing information.) If chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral agents may be considered. Avoid spraying in eyes.PRECAUTIONSGeneralIntranasal corticosteroids may cause a reduction in growth velocity when administered to pediatric patients (see PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).During withdrawal from oral corticosteroids, some patients may experience symptoms of withdrawal, e.g., joint and/or muscular pain, lassitude, and depression.Rarely, immediate hypersensitivity reactions may occur after the intranasal administration of beclomethasone (see ADVERSE REACTIONS).Rare instances of nasal septum perforation have been spontaneously reported.Rare instances of wheezing, cataracts, glaucoma, and increased intraocular pressure have been reported following the intranasal use of beclomethasone dipropionate.In clinical studies with beclomethasone dipropionate administered intranasally, the development of localized infections of the nose and pharynx with Candida albicans has occurred only rarely. When such an infection develops, it may require treatment with appropriate local therapy and discontinuation of treatment with BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray.If persistent nasopharyngeal irritation occurs, it may be an indication for stopping BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray.Beclomethasone dipropionate is absorbed into the circulation. Use of excessive doses of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray may suppress HPA function.Intranasal corticosteroids should be used with caution, if at all, in patients with active or quiescent tuberculous infections of the respiratory tract, untreated local or systemic fungal or bacterial infections, systemic viral or parasitic infections, or ocular herpes simplex.For BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray to be effective in the treatment of nasal polyps, the spray must be able to enter the nose. Therefore, treatment of nasal polyps with BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should be considered adjunctive therapy to surgical removal and/or the use of other medications that will permit effective penetration of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray into the nose. Nasal polyps may recur after any form of treatment.As with any long-term treatment, patients using BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray over several months or longer should be examined periodically for possible changes in the nasal mucosa.Because of the inhibitory effect of corticosteroids on wound healing, patients who have experienced recent nasal septal ulcers, nasal surgery, or nasal trauma should not use a nasal corticosteroid until healing has occurred.Although systemic effects have been minimal with recommended doses, this potential increases with excessive doses. Therefore, larger than recommended doses should be avoided.Information for PatientsPatients being treated with BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should receive the following information and instructions. This information is intended to aid them in the safe and effective use of this medication. It is not a disclosure of all possible adverse or intended effects.Patients should use BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray at regular intervals since its effectiveness depends on its regular use. The patient should take the medication as directed. It is not acutely effective, and the prescribed dosage should not be increased. Instead, nasal vasoconstrictors or oral antihistamines may be needed until the effects of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray are fully manifested. One to 2 weeks may pass before full relief is obtained. The patient should contact the physician if symptoms do not improve, if the condition worsens, or if sneezing or nasal irritation occurs.For the proper use of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray and to attain maximum improvement, the patient should read and follow carefully the patient’s instructions accompanying the product.Persons who are using immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids should be warned to avoidexposure to chickenpox or measles. Patients should also be advised that if they are exposed, medical advice should be sought without delay.Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of FertilityThe carcinogenicity of beclomethasone dipropionate was evaluated in rats that were exposed for a total of 95 weeks, 13 weeks at inhalation doses up to 0.4 mg/kg and the remaining 82 weeks at combined oral and inhalation doses up to 2.4 mg/kg. There was no evidence of carcinogenicity in this study at the highest dose, approximately 60 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis or approximately 35 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in children on a mg/m basis.Beclomethasone dipropionate did not induce gene mutation in bacterial cells or mammalian Chinesehamster ovary (CHO) cells in vitro. No significant clastogenic effect was seen in cultured CHO cells in vitro or in the mouse micronucleus test in vivo.In rats, beclomethasone dipropionate caused decreased conception rates at an oral dose of 16 mg/kg (approximately 390 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis).There was no significant effect of beclomethasone dipropionate on fertility in rats at oral doses of1.6 mg/kg (approximately 40 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis). Inhibition of the estrous cycle in dogs was observed following oral dosing at 0.5 mg/kg(approximately 40 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis).No inhibition of the estrous cycle in dogs was seen following 12 months’ exposure at an estimated inhalation dose of 0.33 mg/kg (approximately 25 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis).PregnancyTeratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C. Like other corticosteroids, beclomethasone dipropionate was teratogenic and embryocidal in the mouse and rabbit at a subcutaneous dose of 0.1 mg/kg in mice or 0.025 mg/kg in rabbits (approximately equal to the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis). No teratogenicity or embryocidal effects were seen in rats when exposed to an inhalation dose of 0.1 mg/kg plus oral doses of up to 10 mg/kg per day for a combined dose of10.1 mg/kg (approximately 240 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis).There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Beclomethasone dipropionate should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.Nonteratogenic Effects: Hypoadrenalism may occur in infants born of mothers receiving corticosteroids during pregnancy. Such infants should be carefully observed.Nursing MothersIt is not known whether beclomethasone dipropionate is excreted in human milk. Because othercorticosteroids are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray is administered to a nursing woman.Pediatric UseThe safety and effectiveness of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray have been established in children aged 6 years and above through evidence from extensive clinical use in adult and pediatric patients. The safety and effectiveness of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray in children below 6 years of age have not been established.22222222Controlled clinical studies have shown that intranasal corticosteroids may cause a reduction in growth velocity in pediatric patients. This effect has been observed in the absence of laboratory evidence of HPA axis suppression, suggesting that growth velocity is a more sensitive indicator of systemiccorticosteroid exposure in pediatric patients than some commonly used tests of HPA axis function. The long-term effects of this reduction in growth velocity associated with intranasal corticosteroids,including the impact on final adult height, are unknown. The potential for “catch-up” growth following discontinuation of treatment with intranasal corticosteroids has not been adequately studied. The growth of pediatric patients receiving intranasal corticosteroids, including BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray,should be monitored routinely (e.g., via stadiometry). The potential growth effects of prolonged treatment should be weighed against the clinical benefits obtained and the risks/benefits of treatment alternatives. To minimize the systemic effects of intranasal corticosteroids, including BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray, each patient should be titrated to the lowest dose that effectively controls his/her symptoms.In a double-blind, controlled trial, 100 children between the ages of 6 and 9½ years with allergic rhinitis were randomized to receive aqueous intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate 168 mcg twice daily or placebo for 1 year. As measured by stadiometry, children who received beclomethasone dipropionate grew more slowly than those who received placebo. A difference in mean change in height was observed within 1 month of drug initiation. At the end of 12 months, the beclomethasonedipropionate-treated group had a growth velocity on average of 4.75 cm/year compared to 6.20 cm/year in the placebo group (p<0.01). While the placebo group had an expected distribution of growthvelocity, approximately 50% of the beclomethasone dipropionate-treated children grew below the 10percentile.In children 7.3 years of age, the mean age of children in this study, the range for expected growth velocity is: boys − 3 percentile = 4.1 cm/year, 50 percentile = 5.8 cm/year, and 97 percentile =7.5 cm/year; girls − 3 percentile = 4.3 cm/year, 50 percentile = 5.9 cm/year, and 97 percentile =7.5 cm/year. The potential reversibility of the reduction in growth velocity was not studied. Nosignificant differences were observed between the 2 groups for mean basal plasma cortisol or ACTH-stimulated plasma cortisol levels.Geriatric UseClinical studies of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.ADVERSE REACTIONSIn general, side effects in clinical studies have been primarily associated with irritation of the nasal mucous membranes.Adverse reactions reported in controlled clinical trials and open studies in patients treated with BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray are described below.Mild nasopharyngeal irritation following the use of beclomethasone aqueous nasal spray has been reported in up to 24% of patients treated, including occasional sneezing attacks (about 4%) occurring immediately following use of the spray. In patients experiencing these symptoms, none had todiscontinue treatment. The incidence of transient irritation and sneezing was approximately the same in the group of patients who received placebo in these studies, implying that these complaints may be related to vehicle components of the formulation.Fewer than 5 per 100 patients reported headache, nausea, or lightheadedness following the use of th rd th th rd th thBECONASE AQ Nasal Spray. Fewer than 3 per 100 patients reported nasal stuffiness, nosebleeds,rhinorrhea, or tearing eyes.Rare cases of ulceration of the nasal mucosa and instances of nasal septum perforation have been spontaneously reported (see PRECAUTIONS).Reports of dryness and irritation of the nose and throat and unpleasant taste and smell have been received. There are rare reports of loss of taste and smell.Rare instances of wheezing, cataracts, glaucoma, and increased intraocular pressure have been reported following the use of intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate (see PRECAUTIONS).Rare cases of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions, urticaria, angioedema, rash, and bronchospasm, have been reported following the oral and intranasal inhalation of beclomethasone dipropionate.Cases of growth suppression have been reported for intranasal corticosteroids, including BECONASE AQ (see PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).OVERDOSAGEWhen used at excessive doses, systemic corticosteroid effects such as hypercorticism and adrenal suppression may appear. If such changes occur, BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should be discontinued slowly consistent with accepted procedures for discontinuing oral steroid therapy. No deaths occurred when beclomethasone dipropionate was given as single oral doses of 3,000 mg/kg to mice(approximately 36,000 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults on a mg/m basis, or approximately 21,000 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in children on a mg/m basis) and 2,000 mg/kg to rats (approximately 48,000 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults or approximately 29,000 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in children on a mg/m basis). One bottle of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray contains beclomethasone dipropionate, monohydrate equivalent to 10.5 mg of beclomethasone dipropionate; therefore, acute overdosage is unlikely.DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONAdults and Children 12 Years of Age and OlderThe usual dosage is 1 or 2 nasal inhalations (42 to 84 mcg) in each nostril twice a day (total dose, 168to 336 mcg/day).Children 6 to 12 Years of AgePatients should be started with 1 nasal inhalation in each nostril twice daily; patients not adequately responding to 168 mcg or those with more severe symptoms may use 336 mcg (2 inhalations in each nostril). Once adequate control is achieved, the dosage should be decreased to 84 mcg (1 spray in each nostril) twice daily. BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray is not recommended for children below 6 years of age.The maximum total daily dosage should not exceed 2 sprays in each nostril twice daily (336 mcg/day).In patients who respond to BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray, an improvement of the symptoms of seasonal or perennial rhinitis usually becomes apparent within a few days after the start of therapy withBECONASE AQ Nasal Spray. However, symptomatic relief may not occur in some patients for as long as 2 weeks. BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray should not be continued beyond 3 weeks in the absence of significant symptomatic improvement.The therapeutic effects of corticosteroids, unlike those of decongestants, are not immediate. This should be explained to the patient in advance in order to ensure cooperation and continuation of 222treatment with the prescribed dosage regimen.In the presence of excessive nasal mucous secretion or edema of the nasal mucosa, the drug may fail to reach the site of intended action. In such cases it is advisable to use a nasal vasoconstrictor during the first 2 to 3 days of therapy with BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray.Directions for UseIllustrated Patient’s Instructions for Use accompany each package of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray.HOW SUPPLIEDBECONASE AQ Nasal Spray, 42 mcg is supplied in an amber glass bottle fitted with a meteringatomizing pump and nasal adapter in a box of 1 (NDC 0173-0388-79) with patient’s instructions for use.Each bottle contains 25 g of suspension and will provide 180 metered sprays.The correct amount of medication in each spray cannot be assured after 180 sprays even though the bottle is not completely empty. The bottle should be discarded when the labeled number of actuations has been used.Store between 15° and 30°C (59° and 86°F).GlaxoSmithKlineResearch Triangle Park, NC 27709April 2005 RL-2182Patient’s Instructions for UseBECONASE AQ (beclomethasone dipropionate,monohydrate)Nasal Spray, 42 mcgFor Intranasal Use Only. SHAKE WELL BEFORE USE.Patient’s Instructions for UseShake the suspension spray bottle well before using it. Read complete instructions carefully and use only as directed.To Use:1. Remove the safety clip and the plastic dust cap from the nasal applicator (Figure 1).PHARMACIST —DETACH HERE AND GIVE INSTRUCTIONS TO PATIENT®Figure 12. The very first time the spray is used, prime the pump into the air by pressing downward on the white collar, using your forefinger and middle finger while supporting the base of the bottle with your thumb. When you prime the pump for the first time, press down and release the pump 6 times or until a fine spray appears (Figure 2).The pump is now ready for use. If the pump is not used for 7 days, prime until a fine spray appears.Figure 23. Gently blow your nose to clear your nostrils. Close 1 nostril. Tilt your head forward slightly and, keeping the bottle upright, carefully insert the nasal applicator into the other nostril (Figure 3).Figure 34. For each spray, press firmly downward once on the white collar, using your forefinger and middle finger while supporting the base of the bottle with your thumb. Avoid spraying in eyes. Breathe gently inward through the nostril.5. Breathe out through your mouth.6. Repeat steps 5 through 7 in the other nostril.7. Replace the plastic dust cap and safety clip.8.DISCARD THE BOTTLE AFTER the date calculated by your doctor or pharmacist. The correct amount of medication in each spray cannot be assured after 180 sprays even though the bottle is not completely empty. Discard the bottle after 180 sprays. Before the discard date you should consult your doctor to see if a refill is needed. Do not take extra doses or stop taking BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray without consulting your doctor.Cleansing: To clean the nasal applicator, remove the plastic dust cap and safety clip and then press gently upward on the white collar to free the nasal applicator. Wash the applicator and dust cap with cold water. Dry and replace with the plastic dust cap and safety clip back in position.If the nasal applicator becomes blocked, remove the dust cap, unscrew the complete pump mechanism,and soak the pump in warm water for a few minutes. Rinse with cold water, dry, refit to bottle, and reprime the pump.Caution: BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray is not intended to give rapid relief of your nasal symptoms.BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray controls the underlying disorders responsible for your attacks, so it is important that you use it regularly at the times recommended by your doctor. The full benefit of BECONASE AQ Nasal Spray may take a few days to develop.Storage: Store between 15° and 30°C (59° and 86°F).GlaxoSmithKlineResearch Triangle Park, NC 27709April 2005 RL-2182Principal Display PanelNDC 0173-0388-79Beconase AQ (beclomethasone dipropionate, monohydrate)Nasal Spray, 42 mcg25 g180 Metered SpraysSpray-For Intranasal Use OnlyR onlyImportant: Read accompanying directions carefully.GlaxoSmithKline©2009, GlaxoSmithKlineA067126®x。

复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒使用说明书正确使用复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒缓解感冒症状

复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒使用说明书正确使用复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒缓解感冒症状

复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒使用说明书正确使用复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒缓解感冒症状复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒使用说明书一、产品介绍复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒是一种非处方药品,用于缓解感冒引起的症状,包括鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽、发热等。

本颗粒含有氨酚和黄那敏两种有效成分,能够改善上呼吸道感染引起的不适症状。

二、适应症复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒适用于以下情况:1. 感冒引起的鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽、发热等症状;2. 上呼吸道感染引起的喉咙痛、声音嘶哑等不适症状。

三、用法用量1. 成人和12岁以上儿童:每次口服1袋,每日3次。

2. 6-12岁儿童:每次口服半袋,每日3次。

3. 4-6岁儿童:每次口服1/3袋,每日3次。

4. 2-4岁儿童:每次口服1/4袋,每日3次。

5. 2岁以下儿童应在医生指导下使用。

四、使用方法将颗粒直接倒入口中,嚼碎或用温水咽下,可随餐服用。

如有需要,可用适量温开水冲服。

五、禁忌症对本品成分过敏者禁用。

六、不良反应使用本品可能出现头晕、嗜睡、口干、恶心等不良反应。

如有这些不适症状,应立即停用并咨询医生。

七、注意事项1. 请勿超过推荐剂量使用本品。

2. 儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、老年人等特殊人群需在医生指导下使用。

3. 患有心血管疾病、高血压、糖尿病、甲状腺功能亢进等疾病的患者应在医生指导下使用。

4. 使用本品期间,避免同时服用其他含有抗组胺药物的药品。

5. 存放在儿童无法接触的地方,避免阳光直射。

6. 请勿使用过期产品。

八、药物相互作用暂无数据显示复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒与其他药物有明显相互作用。

然而,如果您正在使用其他药物,请咨询医生或药师是否可以与复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒同时使用。

九、药物存放请将本品存放在阴凉干燥处,避免受潮或暴露于阳光直射的环境。

十、生产厂家本品由XX药厂生产,地址:XXX。

十一、联系方式如有任何使用或不良反应相关的问题,请拨打客户咨询热线:XXX-XXXXXXX。

请严格按照说明书正确使用复方氨酚黄那敏颗粒,如果症状持续或加重,请及时就医。

胸腺肽粉央预一号固体饮料说明书

胸腺肽粉央预一号固体饮料说明书

胸腺肽粉央预一号固体饮料说明书
胸腺肽粉央预一号固体饮料是一种含有胸腺肽粉和多种营养成分的固体饮料,下面是该产品的说明书:
1. 产品成分:
- 胸腺肽粉:每袋含有适量的胸腺肽粉,胸腺肽是一种蛋白
质片段,具有调节免疫功能和增强机体免疫力的作用。

- 多种营养成分:本产品还含有多种营养成分,包括维生素、矿物质和氨基酸等,有助于提供全面的营养支持。

2. 产品特点:
- 养护免疫系统:胸腺肽粉具有调节免疫系统的功能,可增
强机体抵抗力。

- 提供营养保障:多种营养成分的添加,有助于补充身体所
需的营养物质,维持健康状态。

3. 适用人群:
- 免疫力低下的人群,如体弱多病、易感冒等。

- 需要补充营养的人群,如疲劳、营养不均衡者等。

4. 使用方法:
- 每日建议饮用1-2袋,每袋产品溶于250ml温水中,充分
搅拌均匀后饮用。

- 建议餐后饮用,效果更佳。

5. 注意事项:
- 本产品为保健食品,不能替代药物。

- 孕妇、哺乳期女性和正在接受药物治疗的人群在使用前请咨询医生建议。

- 如果对本产品中的任何成分过敏,请停止使用。

- 存放在干燥、阴凉处,避免阳光直射。

请在使用前仔细阅读产品说明,并按照产品建议使用。

如有疑问或需要进一步了解,请咨询医生或专业人士。

氨咖愈敏溶液使用说明书

氨咖愈敏溶液使用说明书

氨咖愈敏溶液使用说明书请仔细阅读说明书并在医师指导下使用氨咖愈敏溶液使用说明书【药品名称】通用名称:氨咖愈敏溶液汉语拼音:Ankayumin Rongye【成份】本品为复方制剂,每10毫升含对乙酰氨基酚120毫克、马来酸氯苯那敏1.125毫克、无水咖啡因18.75毫克、愈创木酚甘油醚37.5毫克。

辅料为:【适应症】用于减轻由感冒或流感引起的发热、头痛、咽痛、鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏、咳嗽、咳痰等症状。

【用法用量】口服。

成人一次10-20毫升,一日3次。

12岁以下小儿用量见下表:年龄(岁)体重(公斤)一次用量(毫升)次数1-310-154-5若发热或疼痛不缓解,可每4-616-215-7隔4-6小时再服一次,247-922-277-9小时内不超过4次。

10-1228-329-10【不良反应】有时有轻度头晕、乏力、恶心、上腹不适、口干、食欲缺乏和皮疹等,可自行恢复。

【禁忌】严重肝肾功能不全者禁用。

【注意事项】1. 用药3-7天,症状未缓解,请咨询医师或药师。

2. 服用本品期间不得饮酒或含有酒精的饮料。

3. 1岁以下儿童应在医师指导下使用。

4. 不能同时服用与本品成份相似的其他抗感冒药。

5. 消化道溃疡、前列腺肥大和青光眼等患者以及老年人应在医师指导下使用。

6. 肝肾功能不全患者慎用。

7. 孕妇及哺乳期妇女慎用。

8. 服药期间不得驾驶机、车、船、从事高空作业、机械作业及操作精密仪器。

9. 如服用过量或出现严重不良反应,应立即就医。

10. 对本品过敏者禁用,过敏体质者慎用。

11. 本品性状发生改变时禁止使用。

12. 请将本品放在儿童不能接触的地方。

13. 儿童必须在成人监护下使用。

14. 如正在使用其他药品,使用本品前请咨询医师或药师。

【药物相互作用】1. 与其他解热镇痛药同用,可增加肾毒性的危险。

2. 本品不宜与氯霉素、巴比妥类(如苯巴比妥)等并用。

3. 如与其他药物同时使用可能会发生药物相互作用,详情请咨询医师或药师。

马来酸氯苯那敏说明书

马来酸氯苯那敏说明书

马来酸氯苯那敏说明书马来酸氯苯那敏是一种常用的抗过敏药物,用于缓解或治疗过敏反应引起的症状,如打喷嚏、流鼻涕、瘙痒和鼻塞等。

在使用马来酸氯苯那敏之前,请仔细阅读本说明书,并按照医生或药剂师的指导正确使用。

1. 药物成分及作用机制马来酸氯苯那敏的主要成分是氯苯那敏,它属于抗组胺药物家族。

氯苯那敏通过抑制组胺的释放和组胺对组织内H1受体的作用,从而减少过敏反应引起的症状。

它还能缓解过敏性皮肤病、荨麻疹和湿疹等症状。

2. 适应症和用法用量马来酸氯苯那敏适用于治疗过敏性鼻炎、过敏性结膜炎、过敏性皮肤病、荨麻疹和湿疹等过敏反应引起的症状。

具体的用法用量应根据医生或药剂师的建议,并按照说明书上的指示使用。

一般情况下,成人和儿童(12岁及以上)每次服用10毫克(1片),每日1次。

儿童(6-12岁)每次服用5毫克(半片),每日1次。

年龄不足6岁的儿童不建议使用本药物。

3. 注意事项- 使用本药物前,请告知医生或药剂师你的药物过敏史、肝功能或肾功能异常、心脏病或高血压等病史。

这些信息将有助于医生或药剂师判断用药的安全性和剂量调整。

- 如果你正在服用其他处方药、非处方药或草药补充剂,请告知医生或药剂师。

某些药物可能会与马来酸氯苯那敏发生相互作用,增加不良反应的风险。

- 妊娠期、哺乳期的妇女、以及老年人、儿童和老年人患有肝脏或肾脏功能异常的患者,在使用本药物前需要咨询医生或药剂师的专业意见。

- 驾驶机动车辆或操作机器之前,请确保你对本药物的耐受性,因为少数人在使用本药物后可能出现头晕或嗜睡等不良反应。

4. 不良反应马来酸氯苯那敏在使用过程中可能引起一些不良反应,包括但不限于:- 嗜睡、头晕和乏力等中枢神经系统不适- 干嘴、咽喉干痛和胃肠道不适- 皮疹、红斑和瘙痒等过敏反应- 心动过速、心悸和血压升高等心血管系统反应如果你出现以上不良反应或其他不适症状,应立即停止使用本药物并咨询医生或药剂师。

5. 药物存储与保质期马来酸氯苯那敏应储存在原包装中,避免阳光直射和高温潮湿的环境。

美敏伪麻溶液说明书

美敏伪麻溶液说明书

美敏伪麻溶液说明书药品名称通用名称:美敏伪麻溶液商品名称:_____英文名称:Compound Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride Oral Solution 成份本品为复方制剂,每 10 毫升含:盐酸伪麻黄碱 30 毫克,氢溴酸右美沙芬 10 毫克,马来酸氯苯那敏 2 毫克。

性状本品为红色的澄清粘稠液体,味甜,微苦。

适应症用于缓解儿童普通感冒、流行性感冒及过敏引起的咳嗽、打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻塞、咽痛等症状。

规格100 毫升/瓶用法用量口服。

不同年龄段儿童用量不同:2 岁以下儿童:遵医嘱。

2 6 岁儿童:每次 5 毫升,每日3 次。

6 12 岁儿童:每次 10 毫升,每日 3 次。

不良反应少数患者可出现嗜睡、头晕、心悸、兴奋、失眠、恶心等,一般停药后可自行恢复。

禁忌1、对本品成份过敏者禁用。

2、正在服用单胺氧化酶抑制剂(如吗氯贝胺)的患者禁用。

注意事项1、用药 7 天症状未缓解,请咨询医师或药师。

2、 2 岁以下儿童应在医师指导下使用。

3、不能同时服用与本品成份相似的其他抗感冒药。

4、心脏病、高血压、甲状腺疾病、糖尿病、青光眼、前列腺肥大、抑郁症等患者应在医师指导下使用。

5、孕妇及哺乳期妇女慎用。

6、运动员慎用。

7、如正在使用其他药品,使用本品前请咨询医师或药师。

药物相互作用1、本品不宜与降压药、抗抑郁药、单胺氧化酶抑制剂同用。

2、如与其他药物同时使用可能会发生药物相互作用,详情请咨询医师或药师。

药理作用盐酸伪麻黄碱为拟肾上腺素药,可收缩鼻黏膜血管,减轻鼻塞症状;氢溴酸右美沙芬为中枢性镇咳药,可抑制延脑咳嗽中枢而产生镇咳作用;马来酸氯苯那敏为抗组胺药,可消除或减轻感冒的流泪、喷嚏和流涕症状。

贮藏遮光,密封保存。

包装药用塑料瓶,每瓶 100 毫升。

有效期24 个月执行标准_____批准文号国药准字_____生产企业企业名称:_____生产地址:_____邮政编码:_____电话号码:_____。

“食品毒理学”课程思政的探索与实践

“食品毒理学”课程思政的探索与实践

第2期(总第521期)2021年2月农产品加工Farm Products ProcessingNo.2Feb.文章编号:1671-9646(2021)02a-0098-03“食品毒理学”课程思政的探索与实践于笛(广州工商学院,广东佛山528138)摘要:“食品毒理学”是食品质量与安全专业学生必修课程之一,为全面贯彻落实全国高校思想政治工作会议精神,基于课程特点,探索“食品毒理学”课程中思政教育的设计,将思政教育融入课堂教育环节中,在培养学生专业素质的同时,达到立德树人的目的,让学生努力成为德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。

关键词:食品毒理学;课程思政;德育目标;教学设计中图分类号:G642文献标志码:A doi:10.16693/ki.1671-9646(X).2021.02.024Exploration and Practice of Ideology and Politics in Food Toxicology CourseYU Di(Guangzhou College of Technology and Business,Foshan,Guangdong528138,China) Abstract:Food Toxicology is one of the compulsory courses for food quality and professional students.Based on the character­istics of the curriculum,in order to fully implement the spirit of the national conference on ideological and political work in universities,explore the design of ideological and political education in the course of Food Toxicology.Integrating ideological and political education into classroom education links,while cultivating students'professional qualities,to achieve the purpose of establishing morality.Key words:Food Toxicology;ideological and political teaching;moral education objedive;instructional design2020年5月28日,教育部下发《高等学校课程思政建设指导纲要》通知,文件中指岀:“培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人是教育的根本问题,立德树人成效是检验高校一切工作的根本标准。

日夜百服咛(氨麻美敏片Ⅱ)说明书

日夜百服咛(氨麻美敏片Ⅱ)说明书

日夜百服咛(氨麻美敏片Ⅱ)说明书下面介绍的西药知识是:日夜百服咛(氨麻美敏片Ⅱ)说明书,请看详细的内容介绍。

【药品名称】商品名称:日夜百服咛通用名称:氨麻美敏片Ⅱ英文名称:poundDextromethorphanHydrobromideTablets【主治疾病】急性上呼吸道感染流行性感冒【适应症】本复方由对乙酰氨基酚、盐酸伪麻黄碱、氢溴酸右美芬和扑尔敏组成。

具有解热镇痛、止咳、收缩鼻黏膜血管和抗过敏作用。

日片无嗜睡作用,夜片能进一步减轻由于感冒引起的各种不适,并使患者安睡。

本品适用于治疗和减轻感冒引起的发热、头痛、周身四肢酸痛、喷嚏、流涕、鼻塞、咳嗽、咽痛等症状。

【用法用量】夜片(氨麻美敏片Ⅱ)口服成人和岁以上儿童夜晚或临睡前服片【禁忌症】1对抗组胺药、伪麻黄碱和对乙酰氨基酚过敏者禁用;2伴有高血压、心脏并糖尿并甲状腺疾并青光眼、前列腺肥大引起排尿困难、呼吸困难、肺气肿患者,以及因吸烟、哮喘、肺气肿引起的慢性咳嗽及痰多黏稠患者禁用。

【不良反应】有时有轻度头晕、乏力、恶心、上腹不适、口干和食欲不振等反应,可自行恢复。

【注意事项】1妊娠期及哺乳期妇女应遵医嘱;2夜用片服药期间可引起头昏、嗜睡,故驾车、高空作业及操纵机器者禁用;3饮酒及服用镇静药会加重嗜睡症状;4用于解热服用3日或止痛服用5日仍不见症状缓解或消失,应向医生咨询。

5高血压、心脏并糖尿并甲状腺疾并青光眼、前列腺肥大引起的排尿困难、呼吸困难;肺气肿患者、因吸烟、哮喘、肺气肿引起的慢性咳嗽及痰多粘稠者、妊娠及哺乳妇女慎用。

【药物相互作用】饮酒及镇静药会加重夜片嗜睡症状。

【成分】双分伪麻片(日片)每片含对乙酰氨基酚500毫克,氢溴酸右美沙芬15毫克,盐酸伪麻黄碱30毫克。

美扑伪麻片(夜片)每片含对乙酰氨基酚500毫克,氢溴酸右美沙芬15毫克,盐酸伪麻黄碱30毫克,马来酸氯苯那敏(扑尔敏)2毫克。

【有效期】2年【生产企业】中美上海施贵宝制药【包装规格】片剂(双分伪麻片-日用片)8片。

复方氨酚愈敏口服溶液

复方氨酚愈敏口服溶液

复方氨酚愈敏口服溶液【药品名称】通用名称:复方氨酚愈敏口服溶液英文名称:Compound Paracetamol and Sulfogaiacol Oral Solution【成份】本品为复方制剂,每1毫升含对乙酰氨基酚12毫克,马来酸氯苯那敏0.12毫克,盐酸甲基麻黄碱0.48毫克,愈创木酚磺酸钾3毫克,咖啡因1.5毫克【适应症】用于缓解支气管哮喘以及慢性喘息型支气管炎所致的支气管痉挛【用法用量】口服,成人一次10-20ml(1/6-1/3瓶),老年人、儿童酌减或遵医嘱,一日三次【不良反应】少数患者可见轻度心悸,手指震颤,头晕、口干等,一般于用药过程中自行消失【禁忌】1.严重肝肾功能不全者及对本品过敏者禁用。

2.急性胃肠炎,肺出血和肾炎患者禁用。

【注意事项】心率失常,高血压和甲状腺功能亢进症患者慎用【特殊人群用药】儿童注意事项:新生儿及早产儿不宜用本品。

妊娠与哺乳期注意事项:因本品中的对乙酰氨基酚可通过胎盘及乳汁,马来酸氯苯那敏及盐酸甲基麻黄碱可进入乳汁,故孕妇及哺乳期妇女应慎用。

【药物相互作用】本品为复方制剂。

本品中含有对乙酰氨基酚存在的如下问题:1、在长期饮酒或应用其他肝酶诱导剂,尤其是应用巴比妥类或其他抗痉药的患者;长期或超量服用本品时,更有发生肝脏毒性反应的危险。

2、抗凝药:大量或长期应用本品时,因可减少凝血因子在肝内的合成,有增强抗凝药的作用,故抗凝药的用量应根据凝血酶原时间进行调整。

3、长期大量与阿司匹林、其他水杨酸盐制剂或其他非甾体类抗炎药合用时(如每年累积用量至1000g,应用3年以上时),可明显增加肾毒性(包括肾乳头坏死、肾及膀胱癌等)的危险。

4、与抗病毒药齐多夫定(zidovudine)合用时,由于两药可互相降低与葡萄糖醛酸的结合作用而降低清除率,从而增加毒性,因此应避免同时应用。

本品含有马来酸氯苯那敏存在的如下问题:1、同时饮酒或服用中枢神经抑制药,可促使抗组胺药效增强。

桉氨溶液使用说明书

桉氨溶液使用说明书

桉氨溶液使用说明书
请仔细阅读说明书并在医师指导下使用
桉氨溶液使用说明书
【药品名称】
通用名称:桉氨溶液
【成份】本品为复方制剂,每毫升含桉叶油0.03毫升、浓氨溶液0.2毫升、乙醇0.58毫升。

辅料为:
【适应症】
用于蚊叮虫咬、蜂蜇后的止痛止痒。

【用法用量】外用。

直接涂于患处。

【不良反应】偶见皮肤刺激如烧灼感或过敏反应如皮疹、瘙痒等。

【注意事项】
1. 避免接触眼睛和其他黏膜(如口、鼻等)。

2. 用药部位如有烧灼感、瘙痒、红肿等情况应停药,并将局部药物洗净,必要时向医师咨询。

3. 不得用于皮肤破溃处。

4. 面部、腋下、腹股沟及外阴等皮肤细薄处慎用。

5. 婴幼儿慎用。

6. 对本品过敏者禁用,过敏体质者慎用。

7. 本品性状发生改变时禁止使用。

8. 请将本品放在儿童不能接触的地方。

9. 儿童必须在成人监护下使用。

10. 如正在使用其他药品,使用本品前请咨询医师或药师。

【药物相互作用】如与其他药物同时使用可能会发生药物相互作用,详情请咨询医师或药师。

【药理毒理】本品所含氨水具有中和蚊虫、蜜蜂叮咬时分泌的蚁酸,发挥消炎止痒作用;乙醇具有灭菌、防止感染作用;桉叶油具有止痒润肤作用。

说明书字数:611。

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固体饮料
固体饮料是指以糖、乳和乳制品、蛋或蛋制品、果汁或食用植物提取物等为主要原料,添加适量的辅料或食品添加剂制成的每100克成品水分不高于5克的固体制品,呈粉末状、颗粒状或块状,如豆晶粉、麦乳精,速溶咖啡、菊花晶等,分蛋白型固体饮料、普通型固体饮料和焙烤型固体饮料(速溶咖啡)3类。

蛋及蛋制品等其他动植物蛋白等为主要原料,添加或不添加辅料制成的、蛋白质含量大于或等于4%的制品,常见的有豆奶粉、核桃
蛋白质含量低于4%的制品。

常见的有酸梅粉、菊花精、速溶茶粉、茅根精等。

一直以来,固体饮料因品种多样、风味独特、易于存放而备受消费者青睐,尤其是那些富含维生素、矿物质等营养成分的固体饮料,可以及时补充人体代谢所需营养,更成为了许多人生活中离不开的好伴侣。

为了保障消费者的合法权益,促进固体饮料行业健康发展,国家质检总局近3年来每年均进行了固体饮料产品质量国家监督抽查。

2004年固体饮料质量抽查合格率为95%;2005年抽查合格率为95%;2006年抽查合格率为92%。

国家质检总局历次抽查报告显示,所有产品的感官指标、蛋白质、细菌总数、大肠菌群、致病菌等项目均未
出现不合格。

因此,从总体上讲,固体饮料的质量是值得消费者信赖的。

究其原因,主要有两点:一是固体饮料市场占有率较高的大型企业拥有先进的喷雾干燥、自动包装成套连续生产线及完善的质量管理体系,产品质量一直较为稳定。

二是固体饮料产品实施市场准入制度,从源头控制了产品质量。

据据显示,随着人们消费观念的转变以及国内固体饮料企业的精耕细作,由于固体饮料方便、快捷、品类繁多的特点,受到越来越多消费者的追捧,固体饮料行业步入快速发展通道,行业内企业数量和行业产销规模不断扩大。

至2010年行业更是出现了跳跃式的增长,市场增速和产值增速均达到30%以上,实现销售收入261.27亿元,同比增长32.12%;工业总产值262.77亿元,同比增长30.70%,行业收入和产值及其增速均为近6年之最。

以速溶咖啡、速溶茶、奶粉、奶茶、果粉为代表的产品占据了固体饮料行业主要的市场份额。

咖啡和豆奶粉稳健发展的同时,奶茶产品成为固体饮料的新主力发展迅猛尤为突出,2010年全国市场总额将约为60亿元左右,并形成了香飘飘等品牌企业和销售额达几十个亿的规模企业。

奶茶产品的热销也带动了整个固体饮料行业的快速发展。

固体饮料已进入快速发展的关键期,但行业发展中还存在竞争无序、企业规模较小、生产相对落后等问题,行业亟待规范和产业升级。

材料及包装材料的质量控制、生产车间尤其是冷却和包装车间的卫生控制、设备的清洗消毒、配料计量、脱水和包装工序的控制、操
作人员的卫生管理等。

在以上环节失控容易出现质量安全问题,如设备、环境、冷却包装、人员等环节管理不到位易使微生物超标;原辅材料配料计量控制不到位易造成食品添加剂超范围和超量使用;包装材料、脱水干燥等环节的质量及工艺控制不到位,易使产品的水分超标。

固体饮料的出厂检验包括水分一项,因此通常出厂时产品的水分是合格的。

抽查时出现水分超标,多数是由于包装材料质量不过关或包装工序中密封不严导致产品在存放过程中吸潮造成的。

国家每年对固体饮料进行质量监督检查,促使固体饮料朝着更好的方向前行。

近年来,固体饮料在产品、品种、包装和功能等方面发展迅速。

在国外,固体饮料以每年10%的递增率上升;在国内,固体饮料市场也一样被看好,国内的知名品牌如上海雀巢、卡夫广通、广东皇室、武汉冠利达必是等致力于速溶咖啡、麦片、果汁等固体饮料品种的研究开发,长期以来获得消费者的广泛好评。

从目前市场来看,为适应消费者对固体饮料口味、营养保健等多方面的需要,固体饮料行业积极开发动植物蛋白、果蔬汁、速溶咖啡、速溶茶等功能性固体饮料。

同时开始遵循天然、营养、回归自然的思想,使固体饮料朝着组分营养化、品种多样化、功能保健化、成分绿色化、包装优雅化的良性方向发展。

作为消费者,为了维护自身的权益,在固体饮料的选购及饮用上,也应掌握一些小常识,如:关于固体饮料质量优劣的一些特性,优质的固体饮料触摸手感疏松、干燥;加水后能在两分钟内全部溶解且无
不溶性沉淀物;溶化后,香味与颜色和所用的原料相符,也与该饮料标示的名称相符。

劣质固体饮料外包装印刷粗劣,内容不全,无保存说明;塑料包装的产品用手揉捻,感到有团块,金属包装的经摇动声音发重、发闷;打开包装,固体颗粒发黏;温水不易冲开,或冲开后有明显沉淀物;口感酸味过重,同时有明显异味。

固体饮料是以某种原料为主,配以其它辅料加工而成的,按其主要原料的类别,可将固体饮料分为果香型、蛋白型和其它型三种。

(一)按原料分类
1. 果香型固体饮料:它是以糖、果汁、营养强化剂、食用香料、看色剂等为主要原料制成的,用水冲溶后具有与品名相符的色、香、味等感官性状。

这类饮料有各种果蔬汁的粉和晶等。

按其原汁含量,果香型固体饮料又可分为果汁型和果味型二种。

果汁型固体饮料实际上是一种固体状的果蔬汁饮料。

另外按冲溶时是否起泡,又可分为起泡饮料和不起泡饮料。

2. 蛋白型固体饮料:它是以糖、乳及乳制品、蛋及蛋制品或植物蛋白以及营养强化剂为主要原料制成的,是固体状的蛋白质食品或饮料。

例如乳粉、豆乳粉、蛋乳粉以及豆乳精、维他奶、花生精、麦乳精等,蛋白质含量≧4%。

3. 其它型固体饮料
(1)以糖为主,配以咖啡、可可、香精以及乳制品等原料制成的,其蛋白质含量低于蛋白型固体饮料的规定标准。

(2)以茶叶、菊花及茅根等植物为主要原料,经浸提、浓缩和配料制成的制品,例如菊花晶、柠檬茶等。

(3)以食用包埋剂吸收咖啡(或其它植物提取物)及其它食品添加剂等为原料,加工制成的制品。

(二)按存在状态分类
1. 粉末状固体饮料:将各种原料混合后,用喷雾干燥法将其干燥成粉末状或将各种原料磨成细粉,再按配方混合的制品。

2. 粒状固体饮料:由混合料调制而成的不等形颗粒状的一种饮料。

一般通过配料、造粒、烘干、筛分制得,也可由配料、烘干、粉碎、筛分制得。

3. 块状固体饮料:将粉碎的细粉原料按配方充分混合后,用模型压成立方块形状的制品。

(三)按起泡特征分类
1. 起泡型固体饮料:原料中加入了柠檬酸和碳酸氢钠,溶于水后产生柠檬酸钠和碳酸,碳酸进一步分解成二氧化碳和水,二氧化碳气逸出形成气泡。

2. 不起泡固体饮料:原料中没有加入柠檬酸、碳酸氢钠等起泡剂,溶于水后不会起泡。

固体饮料因冲调方便、易于存放而备受广大消费者青睐。

尤其是那些富含维生素、矿物质等营养成分的固体饮料,可以及时补充代谢所需的营养,更成为了许多人的最爱。

虽说它一冲即饮,简单方便,但最好不要用热水冲调。

这是因为,固体饮料所含的营养成分在高温下容易分解变质。

有研究表明,在100℃时,溶于水中的维生素C在10分钟内就会损失83%;而奶粉等蛋白型固体饮料受到高温的影响,蛋白质会由溶胶状态变成凝胶状态,从而出现沉积物,影响乳品质量。

因此,根据固体饮料的溶解性,最好使用60℃左右的温水冲调。

此外,由于维生素B在阳光的照射下会很快分解,所以,在冲调含有B1、B6等B族维生素的固体饮料(如枣汁)时,宜使用深色玻璃杯或不透光的杯子,以减少营养素的损失;维生素C的水溶液在空气中很快会被氧化,冲调含维生素C(如橙汁、柠檬汁)的固体饮料时,不要放太久才喝。

固体饮料易吸潮霉变,特别是蛋白型固体饮料加工时稍有不慎,容易滋生繁殖细菌。

有关专家提醒消费者,购买固体饮料时,最好到大商场,购买名牌产品,挑选松散呈粉、颗粒大小均匀一致、无潮解结块且遇水溶化快、容器底部无杂质的产品;挑选食品标签标注齐全及近期生产的产品;蛋白型固体饮料要注意标签上配料表中主要成分含量的标注,若生产单位没有注明蛋白和糖含量则无法反映产品的质量和
档次,最好不要购买这种蛋白型固体饮料;另外,固体饮料所含营养成分于高温下容易分解变质,故饮用固体饮料时最好用50℃左右的温水冲调为好。

注意
1、尽量到大商场或超市选购,最好购买名牌产品,或大企业生产的产品,注意产品包装上要有QS标志和生产许可证编号。

2、挑选松散呈粉状、颗粒大小均匀一致、无潮解结块且遇水溶化快、容器底部无杂质的产品。

3、挑选食品标签标注齐全及近期生产的产品。

4、蛋白型固体饮料要注意标签上配料表中主要营养成分含量的标注,要注明蛋白质含量。

5、固体饮料所含营养成分在高温下容易分解变质,饮用固体饮料时最好用50摄氏度至60摄氏度的温开水冲调。

折叠现在市场上固体饮料产品繁多,像速溶水果饮料,热巧克力饮料,杏仁桔梗凉茶,冰红茶,柠檬冰红茶,炭火烧黑珍珠,高纤椰果,桑菊凉茶,草莓固体饮料,玉竹茅根凉茶,桔粉饮料,鲜芒果固体饮料,多维C菠萝果饮,膨化黑豆粉,小麦胚芽膨化粉,山楂晶固体饮料,桔粉多多,膨化燕麦粉,膨化糙米粉等。

“倍氨敏”法国进口深度水解乳清蛋白(蛋白固体饮料)不能当奶粉用。

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