exercise 4 business letter
#Chapter 1 The Writing of the English Business Letter
1. Contents and ways of writing (主要内容和写法)
There are ten parts in an ordinary business letter: 1 — head 信头 2 —date 日期 3 — inside address 信内地址(收信人地址） 4 — salutation 称谓 5 — subject line 事由 6 — body 正文 7 — complimentary close 结尾客套语 8 — signature 签名 9 — enclosure 附件 10 — carbon Copy 抄送
1 Contents and ways of writing (主要内容和写法)
2
Layout (格式)
3
Envelope（信封）
4
Some Principles（写作原则）
本章任务和目标
• 本章任务： 了解并掌握信函的结构、格式与写作要领。
• 本章目标： 1、能写简单的信函； 2、清楚信函的结构、格式，并应用于实践； 3、培养认真负责的职业操守。
“函”是“封套”的意思，即是指信件，而“电”即是包括电报、 传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件等在内的数据电文的统称。函 电不仅是洽商国际买卖合同的手段，而且是签订国际买卖合同 的主要形式之一。
在国际贸易中，买卖双方通过洽商，就各项交易条件取得一 致协议后，交易即告达成，买卖双方当事人即存在合同关系。 国际买卖合同的商订是整个交易过程中最重要的一个环节， 虽然可以通过口头的方式进行，但实践中，主要是通过函电 的方式进行。 1999年出台的《新合同法》第10条和第11条规定：“当事人 订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。书面形式是 指合同书、信件以及数据电文（包括电报、传真、电子数据 交换和电子邮件）等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。”
外贸英语函电知识整理
外贸英语函电复习考试题型：①汉译英30’/10②单选：20’/20③（用单词正确形式）填空：20’/10④short answer：20’/5⑤letter：10’Short answers:Unit1 Introduction to Business Letters(商务信函概论)1.Functions of Business Letters :2.①to inform, which refers to conveying the vast amount of information needed today-to-day operations of the business;②to influence, which means that messages included in a business letter should alsoinfluence the reader’s attitudes and functions.2. Writing principles of business letter (7C原则) ：① Courtesy 礼貌② Consideration体谅③ Completeness 完整④ Clarity 清楚⑤ Conciseness 简洁⑥Concreteness 具体⑦ Correctness 正确Unit3 Inquiries（询盘）3.Generally speaking, inquiries fall into two categories: a General Inquiry and a SpecificInquiry.In a General Inquiry (一般询价), the importer may ask only for catalogues, price lists, samples, sample books, or quotations, etc., in order to get a general idea of the business scope of the exporter.In a Specific Inquiry(具体询价), the importer points out what products he needs and asksfor a quotation or an offer for this item.Unit4 Offers ＆Quotations（报盘和报价）4.In the international business, offers can be divided into two kinds:（注意实盘和虚盘的区别）5. A firm offer (实盘)—A firm offer is a definite promise to sell goods at the stated prices,usually within a stated period of time.A non-firm offer (虚盘)—Unlike a firm offer, a non-firm offer is not binding upon the sellers.In other words, a non-firm offer can be withdrawn or changed by the sellers.Definition of firm offers:Firm offers are made when the sellers promise to sell goods at a stated price and within a stated period of time.Definition of non-firm offers:Non-firm offers are offers with reservation clause.Unit7 Counter-offers(还盘)6.Definition of a counter-offer: A counter-offer is virtually a partial rejection of the originaloffer. It also means a counter proposal put forward by the buyer.Unit8 Placing & Confirming an Order(订单及确认订单)7.An order should at least contain the following points:8. 1. description of the goods, such as specification, size, quantity , quality and articlenumber (if any);9. 2. prices(unit prices as well as total prices);10.3. terms of payment;11.4. mode of packing;12.5. time of transportation, port of destination and time of shipment etc. .13.Unit12 Urging Establishment of L/C (催开信用证)14.When shall L/C be opened:15.It is the usual practice that the letter of credit is to be opened and to reach the sellers 30days ahead of shipment.Unit14 Shipment(装运)16.Three parties involved in the movement of the goods: the consigner(发货人) —whosends the goods; the carrier(承运人)—who carries them; the consignee(收货人)—who receives them at the destination.17.A shipping advice usually contains the following points:the date and number of bill of lading(B/L, 提单)the date and number of the contractthe names of commodities and their quality and valuethe name of the carrying vesselthe name of the shipping port/loading port (装货港)the estimated time of departure(EDT，预定起航日期)the name of the destination port (目的港)the estimated time of arrival(ETA，预定到港日期)a list of the relevant shipping documents (货运单据)thanks for patronageUnit15 Packing & Shipping Marks (包装和唛头)18.Factors which influence the nature of packing:19.value of the goods20.nature of the transit21.nature of the cargopliance with customers’ or statutory requirements23.resale value of packing materials, general fragility of24.cargo25.variation in temperature during the course of the26.transit27.ease of handling and stowage28.insurance acceptance conditions29.cost of packing30.Two forms of packing:rge packing/ outer packing, i.e. packing for transportation32.small packing/ inner packing, i.e. packaging or sales packing选择题：1. An exporter cannot receive payment until the goods on consignment D sometime in the future.A．have offered for sale B．arrive at destination C．are quoted D．have been sold 2. We have made D that we would accept D/A at 60 days' sight for this order.A．clear B．it is clear C．that clear D．it clear3. C an order for one hundred pieces or more we allow a special discount of 5% for payment by L/C.A．At B．In C．On D．From4. We find your terms C and now send you our order for 2 sets of generators. A．satisfied B．satisfaction C．satisfactory D．of satisfaction5. We have D at 30 days' sight for the contracted value.A. written to you B．called on you C．sent to you by air mail D．drawn on you6. We regret B to accept your terms of payment and therefore have to return the order to you.A．cannot B．being unable C．not able D．not be able7. We will consider B your terms of payment.A．accept B．accepting C．accepted D．to accept8. We are now A your order of June 19.A．in receipt of B．upon receipt of C．on receipt of D．in reception of9. We are pleased to inform you that we can supply D all the items you require.A．you B．to you C．for you D．you with1. Mr. Sidney has been our _________ salesperson. ( D )A. poorestB. worstC. earliestD. most successful2. We trust that you will find our goods _________. ( B )A. to be attractiveB. attractiveC. attractingD. attract your attention3. Our products enjoy _________ in world market. ( C )A. good sellerB. most popularC. great popularityD. selling fast4. This offer is _________ your acceptance by E-mail on or before March 15.( B )A. effective ofB. effective forC. effective toD. effectively for5. If you are interested, we will send you a sample lot _________ charge. ( D )A. withB. inC. forD. free of6. The exhibition has _________ to offer that you will find interesting.( C )A. manyB. muchC. moreD. many a7. This price is _________ of your 5% commission.( B )A. includesB. inclusiveC. coveringD. including8._________ your request, we are sending you a catalog and a sample book for your reference.( C )A. AccordingB. AsC. AtD. About9. On orders _________ 1,000 pieces or more we give a special discount of 5%.( B )A. onB. forC. at D of10. _________ the present market trend, we have to say that our price is really the best we can quote.( C )A. WithB. OnC. BecauseD. For1. We assure you that any further orders you may ______ will always be carefully attended to. ( B )A. place usB. place with usC. make usD. make with us2. ______ of our efforts, we have persuaded our clients to accept your offer. ( C )A. Result inB. Result fromC. As a result ofD. With the result in3. We are pleased that we have booked ______ 2000 pcs. bicycles. ( D )A. your orderB. with youC. an order with youD. an order with you4. We suggest that shipment of our order ______ effected in May instead of June. ( D )A. isB. will beC. is to beD. be5. Following your order ______ 400 metric tons of rayon last year, we are pleased to receive your order No. 876 ______ the same quantity. ( A )A. for, ofB. of, ofC. of, withD. of, for6. We are glad to receive your order of yesterday, ______ regret that we are not able to supply the goods you ordered ______ the end of May. ( B )A. and, byB. but, byC. but, forD. and, for Unit Nine Declining an Order (谢绝订货)7. We understand that the goods can be supplied ______ A stock. (A )A. fromB. outC. inD. out from8. The goods are urgently needed, we ______ hope you will deliver them immediately. ( C ) A. in the case B. hence C. therefore D. for9. We place this order______the understanding that the goods will be shipped by April. ( C )A. based onB. withC. onD. through10. Meanwhile we confirm ______ from you the following items. ( C )A. to purchaseB. purchaseC. having purchasedD. to have purchased Unit Nine Declining an Order (谢绝订货)Exercise1. A 4% discount will be granted only ______ your order exceeds US$ 20000. ( C )A. depends onB. for condition thatC. on condition thatD. subject to2. An exporter cannot receive payment until the goods on consignment ______ sometime in the future. ( D )A. have offered for saleB. are quotedC. arrive at destinationD. have been sold3. We have made ______ that we would accept D/A at 60 days’sight for this order. (D )A. clearB. it is clearC. that clearD. it clear4. ______ an order for one hundred pieces or more we allow a special discount of 5% for payment by L/C. (C)A. AtB. InC. OnD. From2. We believe that there is a ready market ______ the goods in your place.( C )A. ofB. aboutC. forD. with3. With a view ______ the market at your end we have offered you our bottom price.( A )A. to promotingB. to promoteC. of promoteD. into promoting4. Our suggestion is that you ______ the similar article _____what you request at a lower price than quoted owing to similarity in function. ( D )A. recommend, asB. replace, byC. take, intoD. substitute, for5. We agree to reduce your price ______ USD 160 per pair FOB Shanghai.( B )A. atB. toC. ofD. for6. We have decided to make a further concession ______ 5% per box in order to help you to increase the business with us. ( A )A. toB. ofC. onD. about7. We regret that our low prices ______ narrow margin of profit. ( A )A. leave us withB. includeC. earnD. give8. We feel regretful that you ask us to allow you a commission ______ 10% on each sale. ( A )A. ofB. toC. onD. /Exercises(课堂练习)Unit 2Establishing Business Relations (建立贸易关系)1. We learn from your letter of May 12 that you are _in__ the market for Chinese Black Tea.2. They have been _in__ the wool trade for quite a number of years.3. _Upon__ receipt of your detailed requirements, we shall be glad to give you our latest quotations.4. Should your price be _in__ line with the prevailing international market rate, we trust large business can be concluded.5. If the price is reasonable, we will place large orders _with__ you.6. We look forward _to__ receiving your favorable reply.7. Having obtained your name and address _from__ the newspaper, we are writing you in the hope of establishing business relations with you.8. We take this opportunity to approach you _for__ the establishment of the trade relations with you.9. We can meet your requirement _for__ Walnut meat.10. We are sending you our latest catalogues _under__ separate cover.1 请报我方100公吨大米的最低价CIF广州，并表明最早交货期。
商务英语写作Unit 1 An Overview of Business Letter Writing[精]
![商务英语写作Unit 1 An Overview of Business Letter Writing[精]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/46a35798c8d376eeaeaa31fe.png)
related values in areas such as integrity, service, and safety to ensure that
there is
Concreteness
• Your writing should be vivid, specific and
definite rather than vague, general and abstract, especially when you are requiring a response, solving problems, making an offer or acceptance, etc.
• They have a
decided advantage in regard to freight charges
• Messrs. Smith and
Richardson have been informed that they would receive an answer in a few days.
shipment.
to 10 tea-sets in
shipment was found.
We/I attitude
You attitude
1. A large sale of our
products will make our company more profitable.
2. We are in need of fund
• This letter is to inform • Since you are our
Amendment
Unit Thirteen L/C Amendment & Extension (信用证的修改与展期 )
ExerciseⅡ 1. To our regret, your L/C was found not properly _____ on the following points in spite of our request. ( D ) A. amend B. to amend C. amending D. amended 2. We hope that the stipulations of your L/C are in______ with the terms of the contract. ( A) A. conformity B. conform C. conformability D. comfort
Unit Thirteen L/C Amendment & Extension (信用证的修改与展期 )
ExerciseⅡ
9. We are ______ that we failed to ship the goods on s.s. “Sunshine” as scheduled. ( C ) A. regrettable B. regret
Unit Thirteen L/C Amendment & Extension (信用证的修改与展期 )
Exercise Ⅰ 9. The steamer on which we have booked shipping space is cancelled. As a result, we have to ask you to extend the covering L/C. 10.The L/C calls for direct shipment, but it is out of the question.
商务英语练习题
Exercise 1I.Translation.1.Translate the following into Chinese.(1) registered trademark (2) commission agent (3) market quotation(4) Drawee (5) Arbitral award (6) Consignee(7) Warehouse to warehouse clause (8) entertain a claim(9) Sweating & Heating Risks (10) shipping container2.Translate the following into English.（1）独家代理（2）招标（3）货到后凭单付款（4）外汇支出（5）贸易平衡Keys:1. （1）注册商标（2）佣金代理（3）市场行情（4）受票人/ 付款人（5）仲裁裁决（6）收货人（7）仓至仓条款（8）受理索赔（9）受潮受热险（10）船运集装箱/ 集装箱船运2. (1) exclusive agency / sole agency (2) invitation for bid / invitation to bid(3) cash against payment on arrival of goods (4) foreign exchange payment(5) balance of tradeII.Choose the best choice.1.The goods arrived ________.a. in a good conditionb. in good conditionsc. in good conditiond. in the good condition2.We have lodged a claim ________ ABC & Co. ________ the quality of the goods shipped________ M. V. “Peace”.a. with, on, perb. against, on, inc. on, for, as perd. to, for, per3.We will do our best to _________ shipment.a. complyb. makec. expedited. do4.The shipment time is March or April at our _________ and the goods will be shipped in one_________.a. choice, shipmentb. option, lotc. decision, cargod. choice, consignment5.It is our hope that, after proving our ability to dispose of large quantities, you will appoint usas an _________.a. sell agentb. selling agencyc. sale agencyd. exclusive agent6.We would like to know on what terms you are willing to _________ an agency agreement.a. comeb. concludec. arranged. do7.This offer is firm, subject to your reply _________ us before May 30.a. reachesb. arrivesc. arrived. reaching8.Our clients prefers small _________.a. packerb. packingc. packaged. packaging9.As soon as new supplies come in, we shall be glad to _________ your order.a. entertainb. sendc. maked. accept10.The company that _________ the lowest price and most favorable terms will win the contract.a. quotesb. sendsc. acceptsd. bidsKeys:1-5 cacbd 6-10 bdbbadIII.Fill in the blanks.1.We offer you 1,000 tons of wheat ________ US$156 ________ ton _________ the usualterms.2.The best we can do is to ________ a reduction of 3% _________ our quotation.3.________ receipt of your _________ enquiry, we shall send our quotation sheet by fax.4.Thank you for your prompt remittance of the balance ________ our account _________ theChina Bank.5.The quality of the goods is not in _________ with that of your sample.6.The 7 Cs principles of writing business letters include _____, _____, _____, _____, _____,_____ and _____.Keys:1. at, per, on2. make, in3. upon, specific4. in, with / through5. compliance / agreement / accordance6. courtesy, consideration, completeness, clarity, conciseness, concreteness, correctnessIV.Translate the following.pleted bid must be received by the International Tendering Company before 12:00 a.m.on October 15, 20_ _ (Beijing Time). Bids received after that date and time, or bids which are not accompanied by a bid bond furnished one day before the bid opening as provided for in the Bidding Conditions, will not be accepted.2.Provided such drafts are drawn and presented in accordance with the terms of this credit, wehereby engage with the drawers, endorsers and bona-fide holders that the said drafts shall be honored on presentation.Keys: （略）V.Translate the following into English.敬启者：自米兰阿里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司的联系地址，特此修函，祈能发展关系。
2020年英语四级听力试卷
2020年英语四级听力试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section A.Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.News Report One.Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.A new study finds that beverages containing added sugar might be harmful. In the study, researchers analyzed information from over 80,000 women and 37,000 men. Participants worked in the health profession. They were followed for approximately three decades. They completed surveys about their diet every four years. They also answered questions about their lifestyle and medical history.The more beverages with added sugar that people drank, the greatertheir risk of death was during the study period. These beverages included soda, energy drinks and sports drinks. Beverages like pure fruit juice which are sweet but do not contain added sugar were not part of the study.The findings held even after the researchers considered other factors that could affect people's health. These factors included lack of exercise and not eating enough vegetables. They also included consuming too much meat.1. What do we learn about the new study from the news report?A) It followed around 80,000 people.B) It lasted for more than three decades.C) It focused on the health of the elderly.D) It found a link between drinks and death.2. What does the news report say about beverages with added sugar?A) They are not harmful at all.B) They are not included in the study.C) They are more harmful than pure fruit juice.D) They are associated with a higher death risk.News Report Two.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.The International Labor Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number of unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people.The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollars a day in the past three years. The director - general of the International Labor Organization, Guy Ryder, says the decline in employment has been widespread.He says not all sectors of the economy are losing jobs. Home - based workers and the self - employed are seeing an increase in workopportunities. He says the ILO has been working with local and national governments to bring down unemployment.3. What is the news report mainly about?A) The number of unemployed people is increasing.B) The number of poor workers is decreasing.C) The economy is recovering slowly.D) The home - based business is booming.4. What does Guy Ryder say about employment?A) All sectors are losing jobs.B) Home - based workers are not affected.C) Not all sectors are losing jobs.D) The self - employed are losing jobs.News Report Three.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today. But not many are able to integrate innovation into their business. A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn't mean piles of documents. It's something more practical.The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it's more about making small improvements to existing products. For example, a company could add features to an existing product to make it more attractive to customers.The article also notes that innovation is not something that can be achieved by a single department. It should be part of the company's overall strategy. It should also be something that is encouraged at all levels of the organization.5. What is the problem with many companies according to the news report?A) They are not innovative enough.B) They are short of documents.C) They lack practical innovation.D) They don't have clear goals.6. What does the Shanghai Daily say about innovation?A) It means creating something new.B) It should be more practical.C) It is just piles of documents.D) It can be achieved by a single department.7. What should companies do according to the article?A) Encourage innovation at all levels.B) Increase the R & D budget.C) Focus on new product development.D) Hire more innovative employees.Section B.Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation One.Questions 8 to 11 will be based on the following conversation.M: So, how long have you been living in London?W: A couple of years. I moved here for the job.M: What do you do for a living?W: I work in a bank. It's an okay job. But I'm thinking of changing it.M: Why? What's wrong with it?W: Well, it's a bit boring. And the hours are really long. I don't have much time for myself.M: I see. So what kind of job are you looking for?W: I'm not sure really. Maybe something in marketing. I like working with people.M: That sounds interesting. Have you had any experience in marketing?W: A little bit. I did some volunteer work for a marketing project when I was at university.M: Well, that's a start. You should update your resume and start applying for jobs.W: Yeah, I know. But it's a bit scary. I'm not sure if I'm qualified enough.M: Don't worry. Just be confident. You have some relevant experience. And you can always learn on the job.8. Why does the woman want to change her job?A) She doesn't like her colleagues.B) She is not satisfied with the pay.C) It is not challenging enough.D) It is a bit boring and the hours are long.9. What kind of job is the woman interested in?A) A job in a bank.B) A job in marketing.C) A job in education.D) A job in IT.10. What did the woman do at university?A) She worked in a bank.B) She studied marketing.C) She did some volunteer work for a marketing project.D) She was a member of a marketing club.11. What does the man suggest the woman do?A) Be more confident.B) Get more qualifications.C) Wait for a better opportunity.D) Do more volunteer work.Conversation Two.Questions 12 to 15 will be based on the following conversation.M: Hi, Jane. How are you?W: Hi, Tom. I'm fine, thanks. How about you?M: I'm good. I heard you went on a trip last month. Where did you go?W: I went to Paris. It was amazing.M: Oh, really? What did you do there?W: Well, I visited a lot of museums. I love art, you know. And I also went to some famous restaurants. The food was delicious.M: Sounds great. How did you get around the city?W: I mostly walked. Paris is a very walkable city. But I also took the metro a few times.M: I see. Did you meet any interesting people?W: Yes, I did. I met a couple from Australia. We had dinner together one night. They were really nice.M: That's cool. So, would you recommend Paris to others?W: Absolutely. It's a beautiful city with so much to see and do.12. Where did the woman go last month?A) London.B) Paris.C) Rome.D) Sydney.13. What did the woman do in Paris?A) She visited museums and ate in restaurants.B) She did some shopping and went to the theater.C) She took a lot of pictures and made new friends.D) She attended a concert and visited some parks.14. How did the woman get around Paris?A) By car.B) By bus.C) Mostly by walking and sometimes by metro.D) By bike.15. What does the woman think of Paris?A) It's too big.B) It's very noisy.C) It's a great city to visit.D) It's a bit expensive.Section C.Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage One.Questions 16 to 18 will be based on the following passage.Many people think that the more time a person spends at work, the more he or she accomplishes. However, the connection between time and productivity is not always positive. In fact, many studies show that after a certain point, employees become less productive as the number of hours they work increases.There are several reasons for this. First, when people work long hours, they tend to get tired. This makes it difficult for them to concentrate and perform at their best. Second, long hours can also lead to stress. Stress can have a negative impact on both physical and mental health, which in turn can affect productivity.Some companies have started to recognize this problem and are taking steps to address it. For example, they are implementing flexible work schedules. This allows employees to have more control over their work hours and can help them to be more productive.16. What is the common belief about work and productivity?A) The more time a person spends at work, the more he or she accomplishes.B) Productivity has nothing to do with the amount of work time.C) Working less hours can lead to higher productivity.D) Employees are most productive when they work for long hours.17. Why do employees become less productive after a certain point?A) They lack the necessary skills.B) They are not interested in their work.C) They get tired and stressed.D) They have too many distractions.18. What are some companies doing to address the problem?A) They are giving employees more training.B) They are increasing employees' salaries.C) They are implementing flexible work schedules.D) They are reducing the amount of work.Passage Two.Questions 19 to 21 will be based on the following passage.The Internet has changed the way we communicate, learn and do business. One area where the Internet has had a particularly significant impact is in education.Online courses are becoming more and more popular. There are many reasons for this. For one thing, online courses are very convenient. Students can study at their own pace and at a time that suits them. They can also access course materials from anywhere in the world.Another advantage of online courses is that they are often less expensive than traditional courses. This makes them more accessible to a wider range of students.However, online courses also have some disadvantages. One problem is that students may feel isolated. They may not have the same opportunities to interact with their classmates and instructors as they would in a traditional classroom setting. Another issue is that some online courses may not be of the same quality as traditional courses.19. What has the Internet changed?A) The way we communicate, learn and do business.B) Only the way we communicate.C) Only the way we do business.D) Only the way we learn.20. Why are online courses popular?A) They are very difficult.B) They are very convenient and often less expensive.C) They are of high quality.D) They are taught by famous professors.21. What are the disadvantages of online courses?A) They are too expensive.B) They are not convenient.C) Students may feel isolated and some may be of lower quality.D) They are only available in a few areas.Passage Three.Questions 22 to 25 will be based on the following passage.A new study shows that we keep using our old devices long after they've become obsolete. The study surveyed over 2,000 people in the United States. It found that on average, people keep their old smartphones for 2.5 years after they stop receiving software updates.People also keep their old laptops for an average of 3.5 years after they become obsolete. And they keep their old tablets for about 2 years after they are no longer supported.There are several reasons why people keep using these old devices. One reason is cost. Buying a new device can be expensive. Another reason isthat people may be attached to their old devices. They may have a lot of data and memories stored on them.However, using old devices can also have some risks. For example, old devices may not be secure. They may be more vulnerable to hacking and malware attacks.22. What does the new study find?A) People buy new devices very frequently.B) People keep using old devices long after they're obsolete.C) People don't care about software updates.D) People prefer old devices to new ones.23. How long do people keep their old smartphones on average?A) 1.5 years.B) 2 years.C) 2.5 years.D) 3 years.24. Why do people keep using old devices?A) Because they are very secure.B) Because they are new.C) Because of cost and attachment.D) Because they are easy to use.25. What are the risks of using old devices?A) They may be too expensive.B) They may be difficult to use.C) They may not be secure.D) They may not have enough storage.。
大学英语教材答案整本翻译
大学英语教材答案整本翻译[注意：本文所述是虚构的，仅用于展示写作技巧和格式] Unit 1: Introduction to English Language Learning Exercise 1: Vocabulary Building1. accessibility (n.) - 可接近性，可进入性2. biliterate (adj.) - 双文化通3. colloquial (adj.) - 口头的，口语的4. differentiate (v.) - 区分，辨别5. encompass (v.) - 包括，涵盖6. fundamental (adj.) - 基础的，根本的7. heterogeneous (adj.) - 异种的，各异的8. intermediate (adj.) - 中级的，居中的9. linguistics (n.) - 语言学10. monolingual (adj.) - 单一语言的，只通一种语言的Exercise 2: Grammar1. Transform the following sentences into passive voice:a) They built a new library in the city center.b) The company will release a new product next month.c) We have invited Professor Lee to give a lecture.d) People should respect each other's opinions.2. Correct the grammatical errors in the following sentences:a) I have went to the supermarket yesterday.b) She don't like vegetables.c) He don't know how to swim.d) They was studying for the exam last night.Exercise 3: Reading Comprehension1. Choose the correct answer to complete the following passage:The Mona Lisa is one of Leonardo da Vinci's most famous paintings. It was painted between 1503 and 1506 and is believed to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, a noblewoman from Florence, Italy. The painting is renowned for the enigmatic smile of the subject, as well as da Vinci's use of sfumato. Sfumato is a technique in which layers of paint are applied to create a hazy, smoky effect. The Mona Lisa is now housed in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.a) famousb) paintingc) smiled) sfumato2. Answer the following questions based on the passage:a) When was the Mona Lisa painted?b) Who is believed to be the subject of the painting?c) What is sfumato?d) Where is the Mona Lisa currently located?Unit 2: Listening and SpeakingExercise 1: Listening Comprehension1. Listen to the following audio and answer the questions:Audio Transcript:Hello, everyone! Welcome to today's lecture on climate change. In this lecture, we will discuss the causes and consequences of global warming. Please take notes as we go along. Let's begin.a) What is the topic of the lecture?b) What will be discussed in the lecture?2. Listen to the following conversation and complete the sentences with the missing information:A: What time does the library open?B: The library opens at ________ in the morning and closes at ________ in the evening.a) What time does the library open?b) What time does the library close?Exercise 2: Speaking1. Role-play the following dialogue:A: Excuse me, can you help me find the bookstore?B: Sure! The bookstore is on the second floor, next to the coffee shop. Just take the escalator to the right, and you'll see it on your left.A: Thank you so much for your help!B: You're welcome. Have a great day!2. Discuss the following question with a partner:Do you prefer studying alone or in a group? Why?Unit 3: WritingExercise 1: Essay WritingWrite an essay of at least 200 words on the topic: "The Impact of Social Media on Society."Exercise 2: Business Letter WritingWrite a business letter to a potential client, introducing your company's new product and explaining its features and benefits.Exercise 3: Summary WritingWrite a summary of the following passage in about 100 words:The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant economic and technological growth that occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.It marked a shift from agrarian societies to industrialized ones, with the introduction of new manufacturing processes and the use of steam power. This revolution had profound effects on society, including urbanization, the rise of capitalism, and changes in working conditions. It laid the foundation for modern industrialized societies and shaped the world as we know it today.以上是本教材的翻译答案，希望能对您的学习有所帮助。
Business Letters
Business Letter(Business Document)PPT To WordDefinitionWhat is a business letter?A business letter is the letter written in formal language, usually used when writing from one company to another, or for corrrespondence between such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties.Types of Business LettersLetters of Social Purposes●Letters of introductions, recommendations and references （介绍、推荐及证明信）●Letters of invitations and their reply （邀请信及其回信）●Lettes of Thanks（感谢信）●Letters of goodwill - congratulations, encouragement, condolence, commending, seasional wishes （友好祝愿信-祝贺、鼓励、安慰、慰问、表扬、季节问候）●Letters of apologies （致歉信）●Letters of requesting favors （求助信）●Letters of booking （预订信）●Letters of making an appointment （预约信）●Letters of confirmation （确认信）●Letters of calling for an interview （通知面试信）●Letters of resignation （辞职信）Letters for Import and Export Business●Letters of enquiries & replies●Letters of orders & order execution●Letters of payment & shipment●Letters of Complaints & Complaint RepliesPrinciples of Business Letter Writing7Cs1. Completeness2. Conciseness3. Consideration4. Clearness / Clarity5. Concreteness6. Coutesy7. Correctness1. Completeness （完整）●Who●What●Where●When●Why●Howe.g. a letter of order2. conciseness （简洁）●shorten or omit wordy expressions●avoid unnecessary repetition●leave out irrevelancese.g.I wish to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your kind cooperation.Thank you for your cooperation.◆They attend the Guangzhou Trade Fair to find a partner.◆They attend the Guangzhou Trade Fair for the purpose of finding a business partner.3. Consideration (体谅）we should put ourselves in the position of the recipient and take into consideration his demand, hope, interest etc.●Focus on "you" instead of "I" and "we"●Making the writing attractive to the readers●emphazise the positive, pleasant factse.g.We allow a 5% discount for cash payment.You earn a 5% discount when you pay cash.4. Clearness / Clarity（清楚）●Make sure what you write is so clear that it can't be misunderstood. (Ambiguity should be avoided).●Pay attention to modifiers and pronouns.●Paragraphing is a basic rule.e.g.Please let us know as soon as possible what you wish us to do about this matter .Please let us know what you wish us to do about this matter as soon as possible.As to the steamer sailing from Hongkong to San Francisco, we havebimonthly direct services.5. Concreteness （具体）A business letter should be specific, definite and persuasive instead of being vague, general and abstract.e.g.We wish to confirm our telex dispatched yesteday.We confirm our telex of May 15th, 2014.6. Coutesy（礼貌）●show sincerity●use positive word●avoid condescending tonee.g.◆We are sorry you have misunderstood us.◆We are sorry we didn’t make ourselves clearly.Please (kindly)...We are afraid that...We would suggest...Thank you for...We would appreciate it if ...7. corrrectness（准确）●Make sure everything’s correct (vocabulary, grammar, punctuation etc.)●confirm accuracy of facts and figuresExercise OneDirection: Guess the word with the help of the first letter and the hint in the brackets.1. I'm pleased to r_____ Miss Lin as a competent secretary. (Meaning: speak favorably of sb. or sth.)2. His record i_____ that he is good at both English and French. (Meaning: show)3. She is a c_____ and energetic person. (Meaning: able)4. He once had an o_____ to work as an assistant to a manager. (Meaning: chance)1. recommend2. indicate3. capable4. opportunity5. Mr. Tarter is always c____ and hard working. (Meaning: guided by one's sense of duty)6. I am sure he will be a great a____ to your company. (Meaning: a valuable or useful person)7. If you need any further information, please do not h____ to contact me. (Meaning: be slow to speak or act because one feels uncertain or unwilling)8. I would appreciate it if you could f____ his smooth enrollment. (Meaning: making sth. easy or less difficult)5. conscientious6. asset7. hesitate8. facilitateExercise TwoDirection: Correct one wrong word or cross out an unnecessaary word in each part in the following letter body.1. A friend of mine, Mr. Zhong, would very much likes to meet you.2. He is a student of Economics at the Jiaotong University, Shanghai, and plans to enter on the insurance business in a few months' time.3. Meanwhile, he is making a study trip to Japan in order for contribute towards a book4. which is prepared entitled "Social Insurance Aborad".5. You were kind enough, when you were here, to offer with me your assistance.6. I would very much appreciate for it if you could find time to see Mr. Zhong, or to give him an introduction to someone on your staff.1. likes-like2. on (deleted)3. for- to4. prepared (deleted)5. with (deleted)6. for (deleted)Exercise ThreeDirection: Please arrange the sentences in the following letter.Dear Mr. Jackson,1.If so, could you book a room for me?2.I look forward to hearing from you.3.Could we postpone the lecture to Friday, 21st May from 10 to 11 a.m.?4.I should be most grateful if you could supply me with details about the fee and expenses.5.I regret that I shall not be free on 14th May to lecture on your company’s training program.Correct order: 5-3-1-4-2EnvelopeFormat of Business LettersElements of a Business LetterA business letter consists of seven principal parts（主要部分）:1. 信头（The letter-head）2. 日期（The Date）3. 信内名称及地址（The Inside Name & Address）4. 称呼（The Salutation）5. 正文（The Body of the Letter）6. 结尾敬语（The Complimentary Close）7. 签名（The Signature）●可选部分Optional Parts8. 经办人（Attention）9. 事由标题（Subject Line）10. 参考编号（Reference Number）11. 附件（Enclosure）12. 抄送（Carbon Copy Notation）13. 附言（Postscript）1. The Letter-head（Heading）信头◆商务信笺，一般都印有信头，包括发信人的姓名、地址、电话号码、传真号、及E-mail等，有些会将经营项目，注册商标和公司董事、经理等姓名一并印在信头上。
商务英语写作 chapter 4
the pizza be delivered?
外语教学与研究出版社
Listening exercise
Listen and fill in the form on your own
After the second listening, please discuss the answer with your group members and submit ONE paper to the teacher
外语教学与研究出版社
Writing steps of an Order letter
1. Open with referring to some previous contacts such as catalogs, phone calls or trade fairs.
2. Describe the order 3. Mention payment and delivery 4. Express courtesy
外语教学与研究出版社
外语教学与研究出版社
外语教学与研究出版社
Exercise
外语教学与研究出版社
HYaess.this customer ordered before?
What is his nLaurmgebsepri?cy Wbehefaptidzzida ahned
a 2-liter bottle
To learn ways of submitting an order. To learn useful terms and expressions for orders. To practice writing letters for orders.
写一封关于你的商业计划信英语作文
写一封关于你的商业计划信英语作文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考篇1Writing a Business Plan LetterHey guys! Today I want to tell you all about how to write a business plan letter. It's super important if you ever want to start your own business when you grow up!First of all, what even is a business plan? It's kind of like a big document that describes your business idea and how you plan to make it happen. It tells people like investors or banks why your business is a great idea and why they should give you money to get it started.The business plan letter is the part at the very beginning. It's like a cover letter that goes with your whole plan. It has to get the reader excited about your business from the start!Okay, so how do you actually write one of these letters? Here are the steps:The IntroductionFirst you need to introduce yourself and your business idea. Use your company's name if you have one picked out already. You can say something like "My name is Timmy and I want to start a lemonade stand business called Timmy's Totally Awesome Lemonade."Then give a quick overview of what your business will do. "Timmy's Totally Awesome Lemonade will sell fresh, homemade lemonade from a stand in the neighborhood park on summer weekends."The Mission and GoalsNext, talk about the mission and goals for your business. What is the purpose of your company? What are you trying to accomplish?For a lemonade stand it could be: "My mission is to provide the neighborhood with the most delicious and refreshing lemonade around. I want to be the top lemonade business in town!"Then list some goals, like how much money you want to make, how many customers you want to have, etc.The Products/ServicesDescribe exactly what products or services your business will offer. For a lemonade stand, it's pretty simple - you'll sell lemonade! But you can talk about different flavors, sizes, etc."Timmy's Totally Awesome Lemonade will offer classic lemonade as well as fun flavors like strawberry, blueberry, and watermelon. We will have small, medium, and large sizes."The MarketYou have to explain who your customers will be and why they need your product. Like why should people buy lemonade from you?"There are no other lemonade stands in our neighborhood park, so Timmy's will give families a cool, tasty drink option while they are outside enjoying the nice weather. Kids and adults of all ages love lemonade, especially on a hot summer day!"The CompetitionThen write about other businesses like yours and how you'll be different/better than them. If there's no competition, you can say that!"While there are some restaurants and grocery stores that sell lemonade in our town, none of them make fresh lemonadefrom scratch like Timmy's will. Our lemonade will taste better because it's homemade with high quality, natural ingredients."The OperationsExplain how your business will actually run on a day-to-day basis. Where will it be located, what equipment do you need, how many employees will you have, what are the hours, etc."Timmy's Totally Awesome Lemonade stand will be set up in the parking lot of Memorial Park from 10am to 6pm every Saturday and Sunday during June, July, and August. I will have a portable lemonade stand cart as well as a few tables with umbrellas for customers to enjoy their lemonade in the shade. My little brother will help me run the stand."The FinancesYou'll need to talk about money - how much it will cost to start your business, how you'll pay for everything, and how you'll make a profit."Starting a lemonade stand business is very affordable. The biggest costs will be the lemonade cart (300), supplies like pitchers and cups (100), and lemonade ingredients (50 per weekend). I am asking for a small 500 loan from my parents to cover the startup costs, which I will pay back once the businessstarts making money. With 2 for a small lemonade, 3 for a medium, and 4 for a large, I expect to make a profit of at least 150 per weekend after expenses."The ClosingFinally, wrap up the letter by restating why your business is a great opportunity and ask the reader to continue on and read the full business plan for all the details."In summary, Timmy's Totally Awesome Lemonade will offer a delicious, high quality product that no one else in our area currently provides. With affordable startup costs and a wide open market, this business is sure to be a huge success! Please read the attached business plan to learn more about my strategies for running an amazing lemonade stand. Thank you for your consideration!"And that's how you write an awesome business plan letter! The key is to get the reader excited and make them want to learn more about your business idea. Use lots of descriptive details and persuasive writing.I hope these tips help if you ever decide to become an entrepreneur when you're older. A great business plan letter isthe first step to turning your dream into reality! Thanks for reading, guys!篇2My Business Plan LetterHi! My name is Jamie and I am 10 years old. I am in the 5th grade. Today my teacher Mrs. Roberts asked us to write a letter about our business plan. A business plan is an idea for a new business that we want to start. She said we have to write the letter in English because being able to communicate in English is very important for business. I don't know much about business yet, but I will try my best!For my business, I want to start a lemonade stand. In the summer, it gets really hot where I live. Lemonade is a nice cold, refreshing drink to have on a hot day. My grandma makes the best lemonade and she taught me her secret recipe. It's made with fresh squeezed lemon juice, sugar, water and some other special ingredients. Whenever I drink my grandma's lemonade, I think it tastes so much better than the lemonade you can buy from the store.My friends and neighbors always ask me if they can have some whenever my grandma makes a pitcher. I think if I startedselling lemonade from a stand in my neighborhood, a lot of people would want to buy it because it tastes so good. Especially on those really hot days when everyone is outside playing and getting thirsty.To start my lemonade business, I will need a few supplies. First, I need a small table or stand to use to sell the lemonade from. I can ask my dad to help me make one out of wood. It just needs to be big enough to hold a pitcher of lemonade and some cups. I will also need a big pitcher to make and pour the lemonade into. My grandma has some pretty glass pitchers I could use. I will need cups too. Maybe I can use some plastic cups that we already have at home. I will need signs to advertise my lemonade stand, so people know what I am selling. I can make signs out of poster board and markers.The most important supplies I need are the ingredients to make the lemonade - lemons, sugar, water and my grandma's special mix. I will ask my grandma to teach me how to make her lemonade recipe. We may need to buy some extra lemons, sugar and the special ingredients. But water I can easily get from my kitchen.For my business location, I think the best spot is at the end of my street near the park entrance. A lot of people walk throughmy neighborhood to get to the park on nice days. If I set up my stand there, people can see me selling lemonade as they walk by. Hopefully they will get thirsty and want to stop for a nice cold cup of lemonade!I don't need too many helpers for my small lemonade business. Maybe I can ask my little brother to help me carry the supplies to the stand location. He can also take turns with me pouring lemonade for customers. My mom or dad may need to help out too by driving us to get more lemonade ingredients if we run out.To let people know about my lemonade stand, I can make flyers to hand out to neighbors. I can also tell my friends to spread the word at school. Maybe my parents can post about it on their social media accounts too. I think people will be really excited for my lemonade stand to open because my grandma's lemonade tastes much better than any other lemonade!I hope my stand becomes very popular so I can make lots of money. But I probably can't charge too much, maybe just 1 or 2 per cup of lemonade. I need to make enough profit after paying for the ingredients. I will save up my earnings to buy some fun new toys I want, or maybe I can invest it back into my business to make it bigger and better. Like getting an even bigger pitcherand stand, printing real professional signs, or giving out free cookies with the lemonade too.Overall, I think my lemonade business can be a big success if I work hard and make sure to always provide the best, freshest lemonade in the neighborhood using my grandma's delicious recipe. I'm really excited to be an entrepreneur and learn about running my own small business. Thank you for reading my business plan letter! I hope you will stop by my stand for a cup of lemonade this summer. It's going to be the most refreshing, thirst-quenching treat!篇3My Big Business Plan LetterHi! My name is Tommy and I'm 8 years old. I'm in 3rd grade and I really want to start my own business. I have a great idea that I think could make me a lot of money! I decided to write a business plan letter to tell people about my amazing idea.A business plan is kind of like when you make a plan to do something fun like have a lemonade stand or sell cookies. But a real business plan for a big business has to be way more detailed and professional. That's why I'm writing my plan in a letter - to make it look nice and proper.Here's my brilliant idea: Dog Fun Park! It's going to be the coolest place for dogs. There will be a huge fenced-in field where dogs can run around and play. And there will be obstacles like tunnels and ramps that the dogs can climb on. I'm going to have little treat stations set up all around where the dogs can get yummy snacks and water too.I think Dog Fun Park will be really popular because everyone loves their dogs and wants them to have fun and get exercise. A lot of people don't have big yards for their dogs to run in, so they'll be happy to bring them to my park to get their energy out.For my business plan letter, I first have to introduce myself and my company. Here's what I'll write:"Dear Potential Investors,My name is Tommy and I am an 8-year-old entrepreneur. I have a brilliant idea for a new business called Dog Fun Park that I am very excited about..."I think using the word "entrepreneur" makes me sound really smart and professional, even though I'm just a kid. Investors are people who give money to help start up a business in exchange for owning part of the company.Next, I need to describe my business idea and plan in more detail:"Dog Fun Park will be a safe, enclosed area just for dogs to run around, play, and have fun. It will have obstacle courses, tunnels, ramps, and other cool things for dogs to climb on. There will also be treat stations with dog snacks and water bowls all around the park."I'll keep explaining more features of my park, like how it will have separate areas for small dogs and big dogs. And maybe an area for dog training classes too. I'll also explain why my idea is so great and why Dog Fun Park will be really popular."Dog Fun Park is a unique and fun place for dogs to get exercise and enjoy themselves. Many dogs do not have enough space at home to run around and release their energy. With Dog Fun Park, owners can bring their dogs to a safe, contained area to run, play, and socialize with other dogs."In my business plan letter, I'll have to talk about how much money I'll need to get Dog Fun Park started and open for business. I'll have expenses like:-Renting or buying a big field or open space for the park-Building fences around the perimeter-Buying and setting up obstacle course equipment-Supplies for the treat stations-Hiring employees to work at the park and look after the dogs-Advertising and marketing costsI'm not sure yet exactly how much money I'll need, but I'll do my research and include an estimated startup budget in my letter.I'll also have to explain in my plan how I'll make money and how Dog Fun Park will earn revenue. Most of our money will come from charging an entry fee for dogs to come play. Maybe it could be 5 per hour or 10 for a half day. We might sell annual memberships too for the real regulars. I'll also try to get dog companies to sponsor the park and have their logos around to make more money.Towards the end of my business letter, I need to summarize my competitive advantages - why Dog Fun Park is special and will do better than anything else out there:"Dog Fun Park offers a unique experience for dogs that goes beyond a regular dog park. Not only is it a safe, enclosed area for dogs to run free, but it also features fun obstacles and activitiesto keep dogs entertained. The treat and water stations provide welcoming amenities for dogs as well..."I'll finish my business plan letter by re-stating why Dog Fun Park is such an amazing idea that people should invest in. I'll say that my dream is to one day have Dog Fun Parks all over the country! I just need some start-up money first to get the first one opened.Well, that's my business plan letter about my Dog Fun Park idea! I'll keep working on making it sound really good so that investors, or maybe my parents, will give me money to actually make it happen. If I can start one successful Dog Fun Park, then I can use the money I make to open more locations. Just think of how happy it would make dogs everywhere! I'm going to be a kid billionaire!篇4My Big Plan for a Lemonade StandHi there! My name is Jamie and I'm 8 years old. I have a really super awesome idea that I need to tell you about. I want to start my own lemonade stand business! It's going to be the best lemonade stand ever.First, let me tell you why lemonade stands are the best businesses for kids. Lemonade is delicious and refreshing, especially on a hot summer day. And running a lemonade stand is fun! You get to spend time outside, see people walking by, and make a little bit of money too. What could be better than that?To start my lemonade stand, I will need a few supplies. I'll need a table to use as my stand, and I can ask my dad to help me make one out of wood. It just needs to be a flat surface to put my lemonade pitcher and cups on. Speaking of cups, I'll need small paper cups for people to drink out of. My mom can help me buy those.Then I'll need to make the lemonade! Lemonade is made with lemons, sugar, and water. My grandma has a lemon tree in her backyard, so I can get lemons from her. I'll need a grown-up to help me squeeze all the lemons though, because that part is hard for my little hands. Once the lemons are squeezed, we just mix the lemon juice with sugar and water!To let people know about my stand, I will make signs and posters. I can draw pictures of lemons and suns to hang up around the neighborhood. The signs will say things like "Lemonade - 25 cents!" and "Best Lemonade in Town!" in big, bright letters. I'll also tell all my friends to stop by.When people come to buy lemonade, I will take their money and pour them a fresh cup from my pitcher. I'll make sure to give them exact change back if they pay with higher bills. I learned about counting money and making change in math class. I'll also have a big smile and say "Thank you, come again!" after each sale. Excellent customer service is very important.If my lemonade stand is a big hit, I have some other ideas too. I could sell snacks like pretzels or cookies along with the lemonade. Or I could add other cool drink flavors, like limeade or raspberry lemonade! Yum! I may need to hire some of my friends to help run all the different stands. We could split up the different jobs and I'll be the manager.With all the money I earn, I'm going to save up for some fun stuff. First, I want to buy the latest video game that just came out. It looks awesome! Then I'll put some into my piggy bank for bigger things in the future, like maybe a car when I'm older. And I'm going to donate a portion to the animal shelter too, since I really love dogs and cats.So that's my brilliant business plan for my lemonade stand company. I'm going to work really hard to make it a success. Just you wait, it's going to be the best lemonade stand ever! If this all works out, maybe I'll open up an entire chain of lemonade standsaround the whole city. A kid can dream, right? Thanks for reading all about my big plan!篇5My Big Business PlanHi! My name is Sammy and I'm 10 years old. I've got a really great idea for a new business that I think could make me a ton of money. I'm going to tell you all about it!It all started when I was playing video games with my friends at recess last week. We were talking about how there aren't enough places to get good snacks near our school. The snacks they sell at the student store aren't that great. And the vending machines only have junk food like chips and candy bars. My friend Michael said he wishes there was a snack shop that sold better stuff, like freshly baked cookies, muffins, trail mixes and healthy granola bars.That's when the lightbulb went off in my head! I could start my own little snack business selling homemade treats and healthy goodies right near the school. Kids are always hungry after classes and a lot of them have a little money to spend on snacks. If I make delicious snacks using quality ingredients, I bet I could sell a ton of them every day after school.I got so excited thinking about all the possibilities. Here's my awesome business plan:The Business: Sammy's Snack ShackThe Product: Freshly baked cookies, muffins, granola bars, trail mixes and other tasty snacks made with healthy, natural ingredients. No junk!My mom is an amazing baker and she promised to let me use our kitchen and teach me all her recipes if I help pay for ingredients. I can make big batches of snacks after school and on weekends. I'll package them up in eco-friendly wrapping so they look professional.The Location: There's a perfect little corner just a block away from my elementary school. It's right on the route where most kids walk home. I can set up a cute little snack stand and sell my treats there every day after classes let out.My Revenue Model: I'll price my snacks very reasonably, like 1 for cookies/muffins, 2 for snack packs of trail mix or granola bars. That's way cheaper than kids would pay at a store or bakery. And the ingredients are cheap since my mom will buy them in bulk. I'll make LOTS of profit on each sale!My Target Customers: The hundreds of hungry students walking by my stand every afternoon! All the kids at my school already know me, so they'll be excited to buy snacks from a friend. I'll make sure to have vegan and gluten-free options too for kids with dietary needs.My Marketing Plan: I'll hand out free sample snacks for the first couple days to get kids hooked. Then I'll put up colorful signs around school advertising my daily snack flavors. I can also get my friends to be my brand ambassadors and talk up the snack shack. Maybe I could even offer reward punches cards for free snacks to build customer loyalty!Startup Costs: Very low! I just need some cash to buy my first batch of ingredients, maybe 50-100. All the cooking equipment is already in my kitchen. And my snack stand can just be a little table I decorate myself to start.Projected Profits: If I sell 100 snacks per day at an average of 1.50 each, that's 150 in daily revenue! Take away 25 for ingredients and my daily profit is 125. Over a 180 day school year, my total profits could be...does math on calculator... 22,500 I'd be richer than a wealthy adult!Potential Roadblocks: I'll have to get permission from the property owner to set up my stand on their land. My parents also have to agree to let me run the business and help me factor in all the food safety rules. I may need a permit from the city too. But those are just minor details to figure out!But other than that, I don't see any reason why Sammy's Snack Shack can't be a huge success! With delicious snacks, smart marketing, and a premium location, I'll be printing money in no time. That's a pretty awesome business plan, don't you think? Now please invest 1 million in my startup!。
外贸函电（试卷版）答案
外贸函电（试卷版）答案你外贸函电⼀、词汇（每题1分，共20题，共计20分） Unit 1—9 Unit 11—14 Exercise 1⼆、中翻英（每题3分，共10题，共计30分）三、英翻中（每题3分，共10题，共计30分）四、综合题（共计20分）中翻英：1、承蒙ABC公司的介绍，我们得知贵公司的名称和地址（to owe…to…）We owe your name and address to ABC Company2、我们的贸易是在平等（equality）原则的基础上进⾏的。
（to be based on）The trade between us is based on the principle of equality.3、国际贸易有两种形式：⼀种是货物，另⼀种是劳务。
（to trade in）There are two forms of international transaction. One is to trade in goods，the other is in service. 4、能否给我们报英国伦敦成本保险费加运费最低价？（to quote/CIF）Would you please quote your lowest price CIF London, Britain?5、倘若价格有竞争性，我⽅已有现成买主，相信能⼤批量订货。
（ready buyers）We have ready buyers of these commodities and if your prices are competitive , we have every reason to believe that we can place large orders with you.6、我⽅对进⼝你⽅产品很有兴趣，如有可能请向我⽅提供⽬录、价格单和样品。
（catalogue, price list, sample）We’re very much interested in importing your goods. Could you please send us your catalogue , price list and samples if possible?7、我公司是本地区最⼤的电视机进⼝商之⼀，我们经营各种牌号的电视机已有20多年了。
国际支付与结算Exercise four
4. The same methods of transfer may be used both in business: advance payment and open account business: remitting the bank’s payment by a bank s draft, by mail transfer, by ____. telegraphic transfer, by SWIFT message, by a(n)__ B ____. A. postal money order B. international money order C. payment order D. reimbursement 5. If the paying bank opens a current account with the remitting bank, the reimbursement may be effected by ___ ___. D ___. A. Instructing the paying bank to claim reimbursement from another branch of the same bank or another bank which the remitting bank opens an account B. Debiting remitting bank s nostro account bank’s C. Instructing a reimbursing bank to paying bank by bank’s debiting the remitting bank s nostro account D. Crediting vostro account of the paying bank
乘务员求职信英语
空乘专业英文求职信范文求职信好坏，直接映射用人单位对你的第一形象，对你的就业起到至关重要的影响，下面就介绍写作求职信当中最简单也是最规矩的一种格式。
空乘专业英文求职信范文(一)Dear Mr lee：Application for the position of Administrative OfficerIn response to your advertisement for this position in the on January 4, I have enclosed my resume for your consideration.As an Administrative Assistant at XYZ Television Limited during the past five years, I was responsible for all computer support and administrative functions. My duties included equipment maintenance, coordinating various projects, purchasing and supervising of general staff. All these abilities are important to the smooth running of the office.I believe my qualifications match your requirements and would appreciate the opportunity to discuss this application with you at your convenience.Thank you for your consideration.Yours sincerely空乘专业英文求职信范文(二)Dear XX hr manager:Hello, manager of X. I've come to the industry of the university of XXX, XXX is a recent graduate of this year, read professional is aviation services, know that you are looking for a flight attendant, I have to write this cover letter, hope your company can go to the interview.High school, with their own height, height advantage, coupled with their college entrance examination, when I entered the XXX university of technology smoothly aviation services professional, the four years in college, my major learning courses include: aviation service etiquette, overview of civil aviation, civil aviation English, aviation transport geography, aviation safety and emergency handling and air service psychology course. Through the study of these courses, I have a flight attendant knowledge base, for me to apply for the position of your company to increase the confidence.In addition, I have half a year of time of flight attendant experience. This half a year time, my experience as a flight attendant should have responsibility and attitude. Keep smile, our service heart and soul, it's our duty to serve every one of the passengers. In this half a year's experience, I handle things become more mature and stable. So, I believe I can become an excellent flight attendant, hope the manager after watching this cover letter can give me a chance to interview.Finally, to thank the manager finished reading I this cover letter, sincerely hope can work to the company, to continue my flight attendant dream.advanceSalute!空乘专业英文求职信范文(三)Respect your company leadership:hello! When you open my letter, you have opened the door to success for me, thank you can in life and I will have to enter a new journey, give me a precious opportunity of recommendation.I'm Yang Xinlei, I'm from the beautiful sichuan, is yibin college of fine arts professional class of 2015 undergraduate students, will graduate in June next year. When I was in school employment online see southern airlines for aviation passenger information, I was mad with joy. Was very envy and enjoy flying in the sky city "stewardess", their beautiful, elegant, generous, brave, be an example to his imitation and learning. Now also have the opportunity to apply for airline passenger, I will try my best.I am a warm, cheerful, work conscientiously, careful person. Meticulous in learning, positive in life and worked hard at work. With my hard work and enterprising hold up my goal in life and career planning.I believe that the harder the more fortunate! As a I, though not much is social professional experience, but during the period of school, learned their tenacity, the courage to rushed to personal character, strict with oneself, to get the general good, as a student cadres, cadres from class at the same time, the enthusiasm of pr much I also to learn to get along with people and working ability to negotiate, and exercise their own management, overall coordination ability.During the period of school, I always positive, energetic, have good development in various aspects, comprehensively improve their overall quality, as the students of the new century, I deeply know this professional knowledge is not enough, also with air cabin professional some gap, so I read all the books information, in enriching themselves at the same time also get a lot of experience. Through four years of study and practice, I from the capability ready to psychological and social work of preparation, I sincerely hope I can become a member of the China southern airlines, I will be with the image of beautiful beautiful, healthy body, enthusiastic service, pour all I can, I can't keep on learning, to contribute the development of shandong airlines business.Give me a chance, I will be conscientious, return you a surprise, I look forward to your eye and appreciation, a-minuses, believe that your trust and my strength will bring the common success for us.Finally, thank you again, wish southern airlines flourish.。
商务英语函电与合同第四章课后题答案
商务英语函电与合同第四章课后题答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Chapter 4 Post-Chapter Exercises1. What are the three most important factors influencing a business person’s choice of words when drafting business letters, memos, and emails?Answer: The three most important factors influencing a business person’s choice of words when drafting business letters, memos, and emails are clarity, professionalism, and tone. Clarity ensures that the message is easily understood by the recipient, professionalism reflects the seriousness and credibility of the sender, and tone sets the appropriate mood for the communication.2. Why is it important to consider the cultural context when communicating with international clients or partners?Answer: Considering the cultural context when communicating with international clients or partners is important because people from different cultures may interpret messages differently. By understanding and respecting culturaldifferences, a business person can avoid misunderstandings, build trust, and strengthen relationships with international partners.3. What are the key components of a business contract?Answer: The key components of a business contract include the parties involved, the terms and conditions of the agreement, the obligations of each party, the payment terms, the duration of the contract, and any legal provisions or clauses.4. Why is it important to clearly define the terms and conditions of a business contract?Answer: Clearly defining the terms and conditions of a business contract is important to avoid misunderstandings, disputes, and legal issues. By having a detailed contract that outlines the rights and responsibilities of each party, there is a clear framework for the business relationship, which helps to prevent conflicts and ensure that both parties fulfill their obligations.5. What are the main differences between a letter of intent and a memorandum of understanding?Answer: A letter of intent is a document that outlines the preliminary agreement between parties and expresses theintention to enter into a formal contract. It is usually non-binding and serves as a starting point for negotiations. A memorandum of understanding is a more formal document that outlines the key terms and conditions of an agreement between parties. It is often used in complex business deals and may be legally binding.6. How can a business person ensure that their communication is effective and professional when drafting business correspondence?Answer: A business person can ensure that their communication is effective and professional by using clear and concise language, maintaining a respectful tone, proofreading for errors, and following the appropriate format for the type of communication (letter, memo, email, etc.). Additionally, they should consider the audience and cultural context to tailor their message appropriately.7. What are some common pitfalls to avoid when drafting business contracts?Answer: Some common pitfalls to avoid when drafting business contracts include vague or ambiguous language, incomplete or inconsistent terms, overlooking important details or clauses, and not getting legal advice when necessary. It isimportant to carefully review and negotiate the contract to protect the interests of all parties involved.8. Why is it important to maintain a professional tone and language when communicating in a business context?Answer: Maintaining a professional tone and language in business communication is important to convey credibility, respect, and authority. It helps to create a positive impression, build trust with clients, partners, and colleagues, and ensure that the message is taken seriously. Professionalism is essential for effective communication in a business setting.篇2Chapter Four: Business English Correspondence and Contracts1. Matching Exercise:a) 2b) 3c) 1d) 42. Fill in the Blanks:a) invoiceb) letterheadc) enclosedd) confirmation3. Multiple Choice:a) b) c) a) b)4. Rewrite the following sentence using the passive voice:The court awarded damages to the plaintiff.Answer: Damages were awarded to the plaintiff by the court.5. Answer the following questions:a) The purpose of a business letter is to communicate information or to request information in a formal and professional manner.b) Some examples of formal closing phrases include "Sincerely," "Yours faithfully," and "Best regards."c) The subject line in an email is used to briefly describe the content of the email to the recipient.d) A letter of acknowledgement is sent to inform the sender that their communication has been received and understood.篇3Chapter Four: Answer Key1. A letter of inquiry should contain the following information:- Purpose of the inquiry- Specific details about the product or service being inquired about- Request for additional information or clarification- Contact information for the sender2. In a letter of offer, the following points should be included:- Details of the product or service being offered- Price and payment terms- Delivery terms- Contact information for further communication3. A letter of acceptance should include:- Confirmation of the terms and conditions of the offer- Agreement to proceed with the purchase- Acknowledgment of receipt of the offer- Request for any additional information needed to finalize the transaction4. In a letter of refusal, the sender should:- Politely decline the offer- Provide a valid reason for the refusal- Express appreciation for the offer- Leave open the possibility of future collaboration5. A letter of cancellation should contain:- Reason for the cancellation- Details of the transaction being canceled- Request for confirmation of cancellation- Apology for any inconvenience caused6. A letter of complaint should include:- Details of the issue or problem- Evidence or supporting documentation- Request for resolution or compensation- Deadline for response7. A letter of adjustment should:- Acknowledge the complaint- Offer a solution or compensation- Apologize for any inconvenience caused- Ensure the customer's satisfaction8. In a letter of recommendation, the sender should:- Introduce themselves and their relationship to the recommended party- Highlight the qualities or achievements of the recommended party- Provide specific examples or anecdotes to support the recommendation- Offer to provide further information or references if needed9. A letter of appreciation should:- Express gratitude for a favor, service, or opportunity- Specify what is being appreciated- Explain the impact of the gesture or action- Offer thanks and best wishes for the future10. A letter of resignation should include:- Notice of resignation- Effective date of departure- Reason for leaving (optional)- Express gratitude for the opportunityOverall, effective business correspondence requires clear and concise communication, attention to detail, and professionalism. By following the guidelines outlined in this chapter, you can ensure that your letters and emails are well-received and facilitate successful business transactions.。
商务英语中级写作memo
3.arrange key points 4. write an outline
5. write first draft
6. revise first draft
7. write final version
• Exercise: P22, section D.
2.3 Memo
• Definition:
postscript per pro (on behalf of) carbon copy reference (number) Road Street or Saint Square number care of for the attention of Post Office Box for example that is / in other words et cetera / and so on and Company Public Limited Company Limited Corporation Incorporated
Business letter format
• 1. Full-block format (全齐头式） • 2. Semi-block format （半齐头式） • 3. Conventional format （传统式）
2.2.3 Principles of business writing
• Read the memo on page 16, think of the following questions:
• 1.What are the characteristics of a memo?
2. What are the elements of a memo?
Elements:
1. Memo head should be in capital letters. MEMO or MEMORANDUM
商务英语函电与合同洪箐课后答案
商务英语函电与合同洪箐课后答案全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hey guys, today I'm going to share with you the answers to the Business English Correspondence and Contracts assignment that Miss Hong Jing gave us. Let's dive right in!1. What is a business English correspondence?A business English correspondence is a written communication between two or more parties in a business context. It can include emails, letters, memos, and reports.2. Why is business English correspondence important?Business English correspondence is important because it helps maintain clear and effective communication between business partners, clients, and colleagues. It also helps create a professional image for the company.3. What are the key components of a business letter?The key components of a business letter include the sender's address, the date, the recipient's address, the salutation, the body of the letter, the closing, and the sender's signature.4. What are the different types of business contracts?The different types of business contracts include sales agreements, employment contracts, lease agreements, and partnership agreements.5. What is the purpose of a business contract?The purpose of a business contract is to outline the terms and conditions of a business agreement between two or more parties. It helps ensure that all parties involved understand their rights and obligations.I hope these answers help you with your assignment. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask. Good luck with your studies!篇2Hello everyone! Today I'm going to share the answers to the post-lesson exercises of Business English Correspondence and Contracts with you guys. Let's dive in!Exercise 1:1. Letter of InquiryDear Sir/Madam,I am writing to inquire about the price and availability of your new product line. Could you please send me a catalog and price list? I am particularly interested in your latest models and any special discounts you may offer for bulk orders. Thank you in advance for your prompt response.Sincerely,[Your Name]2. Letter of ComplaintDear Customer Service,I recently purchased one of your products and I am extremely disappointed with its quality. The product arrived damaged and did not work as advertised. I would like a full refund or a replacement as soon as possible. I hope you can resolve this issue promptly.Best regards,[Your Name]Exercise 2:1. Terms of AgreementThis agreement is made between [Company Name] and [Company Name] on [Date]. Both parties agree to [Terms of Agreement], including payment terms, delivery schedule, and termination clauses. This agreement is valid for [Duration]. Any disputes arising from this agreement shall be resolved through arbitration.2. Breach of ContractIn the event of a breach of contract, the non-breaching party may seek damages and/or termination of the agreement. The breaching party shall be responsible for all legal costs incurred. It is important for both parties to adhere to the terms of the contract to prevent any disputes.I hope these answers help you with your revision. If you have any questions, feel free to ask in class. Remember to always practice your English skills and pay attention to details in your correspondence. Good luck and keep up the good work!篇3As a small kid, I will try to explain the answers to the Business English letters and contracts homework in a fun and easy way. So, let's get started!1. Business English Letters- What is a business letter?A business letter is a formal letter that is written for business purposes. It can be used to communicate with clients, suppliers, or other companies.- What are the main parts of a business letter?The main parts of a business letter are the heading, date, inside address, salutation, body, complimentary close, and signature.- What is the purpose of a business letter?The purpose of a business letter is to communicate important information in a professional and formal manner. It can be used to make inquiries, ask for orders, provide information, or follow up on previous communications.2. Contracts- What is a contract?A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties. It outlines the terms and conditions of a business transaction.- What are the key elements of a contract?The key elements of a contract are an offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity, legality, and intention to create legal relations. These elements are essential for a contract to be valid.- Why is it important to have a contract?Having a contract is important because it protects the rights and interests of all parties involved in a business transaction. It helps to avoid misunderstandings, disputes, and legal issues.So, that's all for the Business English letters and contracts homework. I hope this helps you understand the key concepts in a fun and easy way. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask!篇4Hello everyone! Today I am going to share with you the answers to the Business English Correspondence and Contract class homework. I hope you find them helpful!1. Letter Writing1) Which part do we need to write first in a business letter?- The sender's address and date2) What should we include in the body of a business letter?- The purpose of the letter, relevant information or details, and a polite closing remark3) What is the appropriate way to end a business letter?- With a formal closing such as "Sincerely" or "Best regards," followed by the sender's name and job title2. Email Writing1) What is the subject line used for in an email?- To briefly summarize the content of the email and grab the recipient's attention2) How should we organize the content of an email?- Start with a greeting, clearly state the purpose of the email, provide necessary details or information, and end with a polite closing3) What is the significance of proofreading an email before sending it?- To ensure there are no spelling or grammar mistakes, and to make sure the email is clear and professional3. Contract Writing1) What information should be included in a contract?- Parties involved, terms and conditions of the agreement, payment details, responsibilities of each party, and signatures of all parties involved2) Why is it important to be clear and specific in a contract?- To avoid misunderstandings or disputes in the future, and to ensure all parties are aware of their obligations3) What should you do if you do not understand a term or clause in a contract?- Seek clarification from a legal professional or the other party involved before signing the contractI hope these answers help you understand how to write effective business letters, emails, and contracts. If you have any questions, feel free to ask me. Good luck with your studies!篇5Hello teacher,Today we learned about business English correspondence and contracts in class. It was so much fun and I learned a lot! Here are my answers to the homework questions:1. What is a business English letter? Can you give an example?A business English letter is a formal document that is used for communication in a business setting. It usually includes information about business transactions, agreements, or requests. An example of a business English letter is a letter requesting a price quote from a supplier.2. What are the key elements of a business English letter?The key elements of a business English letter include the sender's address, the recipient's address, the date, a formal greeting, the body of the letter, a closing, and the sender's signature.3. What is a contract? Why is it important in business?A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties. It outlines the rights and responsibilities of each party and helps to prevent misunderstandings or disputes. Contracts are important in business because they help to establish clear expectations and protect the interests of all parties involved.4. What are the essential components of a contract?The essential components of a contract include an offer, acceptance, consideration, legal capacity, legality of purpose, and mutual assent. These components help to ensure that the contract is enforceable and legally binding.5. How can you write an effective business English letter?To write an effective business English letter, you should be clear and concise in your communication, use professional language and tone, address the recipient properly, and proofread your letter for any errors before sending it.Thank you for teaching us about business English letters and contracts. I can't wait to learn more in our next class!Best regards,[Your Name]篇6Dear teacher,Hi! I’m so excited to answer the questions about business English letters and contracts. Here are my answers:1. What is a business letter?A business letter is a formal way of communication between companies, organizations, or individuals. It usually has a specific format with the sender's address, the date, the recipient’s address, a salutation, the body of the letter, a closing, and the sender’s signature.2. Why is it important to use a proper format in a business letter?Using a proper format in a business letter is important because it makes the letter look professional and organized. It also helps the recipient understand the information more easily.3. What is a contract?A contract is a legal agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a transaction or agreement. It specifies the rights and obligations of each party and ensures that both parties understand and agree to the terms of the agreement.4. Why is it important to include specific details in a contract?Including specific details in a contract is important because it helps to avoid misunderstandings or disputes between theparties involved. It also provides a clear reference point for both parties to refer to in case of any disagreements.5. What are some common elements of a contract?Some common elements of a contract include the names and addresses of the parties involved, the date of the agreement, the terms and conditions of the agreement, the payment terms, the duration of the agreement, and the signatures of the parties.I hope my answers are helpful! Thank you for teaching us about business English letters and contracts.Best regards,[Your Name]篇7Dear Teacher,Here are my answers to the questions about Business English Letters and Contracts that you gave us for homework. I hope you like them!1. What is a business letter?A business letter is a formal way of communication between two businesses or between a business and its customers. Itusually includes information about a product or service, an order, a complaint, or any other type of business-related communication.2. What are the main parts of a business letter?The main parts of a business letter are the heading, the inside address, the salutation, the body, the closing, and the signature. Each part has its own purpose and helps to make the letter clear and professional.3. What is a contract?A contract is a legal agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a transaction or relationship. It is important to have a contract in place to protect the rights and responsibilities of all parties involved.4. What are some common elements of a contract?Some common elements of a contract include the names of the parties involved, the purpose of the contract, the terms and conditions of the agreement, the payment terms, and any other relevant details. It is important to be clear and specific when drafting a contract to avoid misunderstandings or disputes.5. How should you structure a business letter?A business letter should be structured in a clear and organized manner. Start with the heading, which includes your contact information and the date. Then, include the inside address of the recipient, followed by a formal salutation. In the body of the letter, provide the necessary information or request in a concise and professional manner. Finally, close the letter with a polite closing and your signature.I hope these answers are helpful! Thank you for teaching us about Business English Letters and Contracts.Sincerely,[Your Name]篇8Oh boy, here we go, let's talk about business English letters and contracts! So like, after learning about all that important stuff in class with Ms. Hong, we were asked to answer some questions and stuff. I'm gonna share with you my answers, okay?Question 1: Why is it important to use formal language in business letters and contracts?Well, you know, using formal language in business letters and contracts is like super important because it shows thatyou're serious and professional. Like, you don't wanna be all casual and stuff when you're talking about important business things, right? Plus, using formal language helps avoid misunderstandings and makes everything official and legal.Question 2: What are some common phrases and expressions used in business letters and contracts?Oh, there are like so many fancy phrases and expressions we can use in business letters and contracts! Like "We hereby agree to..." or "In accordance with the terms and conditions stated herein..." Also, don't forget about "Sincerely yours" or "Yours faithfully" for ending the letter. Oh, and we can't forget about using "date" and "subject" at the top of the letter to make everything organized!Question 3: How can we ensure clarity and conciseness in business communication?To make sure our business communication is clear and concise, we should like, use simple and direct language, you know? Like, don't use big fancy words if we don't have to. Also, we can structure our information in a logical order and use bullet points or numbering to make things easier to understand. Oh, and always double-check for any errors or mistakes before sending out the letter!Man, answering these questions made me feel like a real business pro! I hope you found my answers helpful and that we can all do a great job in our business English class. Keep practicing and we'll all be experts in no time! Bye for now!篇9Hey guys,Today I'm gonna share with you the answers to the business English correspondence and contract homework given by our teacher Miss Hong Jing. Let's get started!1. What is a business letter?A business letter is a formal written document used in professional communication. It is usually sent to clients, customers, suppliers, or other businesses.2. What are the main parts of a business letter?The main parts of a business letter are the heading, date, recipient's address, salutation, body, closing, and signature.3. What is a contract?A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a business transaction.4. What are the essential elements of a contract?The essential elements of a contract are offer, acceptance, consideration, legal capacity, and legality of purpose.5. What is the difference between a business letter and a contract?A business letter is a form of communication, while a contract is a legal document. A business letter is used to convey information or make a request, while a contract is used to formalize an agreement.That's it for today, guys! I hope you found these answers helpful for your homework. Remember to study hard and stay curious about the world of business English. See you next time!Best wishes,[Your Name]篇10Hello everyone, today I'm going to share with you the answers to the Business English correspondence and contract homework. So grab your pencils and get ready to take some notes!1. What is a business letter?A business letter is a formal document used for communication between companies, organizations, or individuals. It usually follows a specific format with a header, salutation, body, closing, and signature.2. What are the different parts of a business letter?The different parts of a business letter are:- Header: includes the sender's address, date, recipient's address, and subject line.- Salutation: greeting the recipient with their title and name.- Body: the main content of the letter, where you state your purpose or request.- Closing: a polite way to end the letter, often including a thank you or a call to action.- Signature: the sender's name and position.3. What is a contract?A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a business transaction. It includes details such as the products or services being exchanged, the price, the timeline, and other important provisions.4. What are the key elements of a contract?The key elements of a contract are:- Offer: a proposal made by one party to another.- Acceptance: agreeing to the terms of the offer.- Consideration: something of value exchanged between the parties.- Legal capacity: the parties must be legally competent to enter into a contract.- Legal purpose: the contract must be for a lawful purpose.5. How do you write a contract?To write a contract, you should:- Clearly state the offer and acceptance.- Detail the consideration being exchanged.- Include all relevant terms and conditions.- Specify the timeline and deadlines.- Clearly define the responsibilities of each party.- Include provisions for resolving disputes.I hope these answers help you with your homework. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask. Remember, practice makes perfect!。
商务邮件写作基础
Business Writing is technical communication or technical writing.
Business Writing: Technical or Workplace Writing.
Definition of Technical Writing:
Writing that ―transfers information about a situation, product, service, or concept . . . to audiences of varying levels of technical knowledge, so that each member of the audience clearly understands the message. The word ―technical‖ means skilled, specialized, and strict. Technical writing follows rules and protocols.
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• • •
General Business Tip . . .
Generally, it is an expected and common business practice to keep photocopies / hard (paper) copies of any communication you send to another person regarding any business matter.
Pay attention to Word Choice (cont.)
• principal, principle -- Principal is a noun meaning "the head of a school or organization" Or "a sum of money." It is also an adjective or meaning "most important." Principle is a noun meaning "a basic truth or law." Example: The principal expelled her for violating several principles expressed in the school handbook. Example: We believe in the principle of equal justice for all. • regardless, irregardless -- Irregardless is nonstandard. Use regardless. Example: Regardless of what you think, “conversated” is slang and the correct word is “conversed.”
商务信件英语作文150字
商务信件英语作文150字(中英文版)Subject: Business Letter in English (150 words)Dear [Recipient"s Name],I hope this letter finds you well.I am writing to discuss the recent developments in our business partnership and to address some important matters that require our immediate attention.Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude for the continued support and cooperation between our companies.Over the years, our partnership has grown stronger, and I am confident that together we can achieve even greater success in the future.However, I have noticed that there have been some delays in the delivery of our products, which has affected our customer satisfaction and business reputation.I kindly request that we work together to find a solution to this issue and ensure that our customers receive their orders in a timely manner.Additionally, I would like to propose a meeting between our respective teams to discuss potential collaborations and explore new business opportunities.I believe that by working together, we can create innovative solutions and expand our market reach.Please let me know your thoughts on the matter and if you are available to meet at your earliest convenience.I look forward to hearingfrom you soon.Best regards,[Your Name]。
大学英语四级真题及答案
大学英语四级真题及答案2017年大学英语四级真题及答案在平平淡淡的日常中，我们都可能会接触到试题，试题有助于被考核者了解自己的真实水平。
什么类型的试题才能有效帮助到我们呢？以下是店铺收集整理的大学英语四级真题及答案，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
大学英语四级真题及答案1Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty。
You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 mi nutes)Section ADirections： In this section， you will hear three news reports。
At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。
Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
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Dear Sir or Madam,
We learned from the Internet that you are in the market for jogging shoes with EV A sole, which just fall into our business scope. We are writing to enter into business relations with you on a basis of mutual benefits and common developments.
Our corporation, as a state-owned foreign trade organization, deals in the import and export of raw materials and relevant products for chemical industry. We have a Rubber Products Department, which specialize in the export of various kinds of shoes made in China including jogging shoes with EV A sole of fashionable designs, comfortable feeling, and high popularity in America, Europe and Asia. We have established close business relationship with more than a dozen of shoe manufacturers so that the stable supplies, the quality guarantee as well as the flexible ways of doing business can be reached.
Enclosed is our latest catalogue on jogging shoes with EV A sole, which may meet with your demand. If there isn't, please let us know your specific requirements. We can also produce according to your designated styles.
It will be a great pleasure to receive your inquiries against which we will send you our best quotations.
We are looking forward to your prompt reply.
Yours faithfully,
SHANGHAI JIEXI CHEMICALS IMPORT AND EXPORT CORPORA TION
X X X。