裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第7课_单词讲解

Too late 为时太晚
Lesson 77-17-2014
New words and expressions
detective n侦探
airport n机场
expect v期待，等待
valuable adj贵重的
parcel n包裹
diamond n钻石
steal v偷
main adj主要的
airfield n飞机起落的场地
guard n警戒，守卫
precious adj珍贵的
stone n石子
sand n沙子
detective n侦探
detect1v发现（不好的的事物）察觉，discover/recognize
2v侦察，侦查， inverstigate and solov(crime…)
eg A machine has been invented to detect gold. 一个机器被发明出来去寻找金子。

eg Many machines have been used to detect the fatal virus. 许多机器被用来探测这种致命的病毒。

eg The wiman employed a private detective to detect her husband. 那个女人雇佣了一名私家侦探来侦查她的丈夫。

detection n发现，查明，查出
the detection of a crime破案
detector n探测器
detectable adj可发现的，可探知的
employ a private detective雇佣一名私家侦探
a detective novel一部侦探小说
a detective story 一个侦探故事
airport n机场（民航）
at the airport 在机场
field n田野
airfield n停机坪
on the airfield 在停机坪上
port n港口，港口城市
passport n护照
harbour n港湾，避难所
Pearl Harbour珍珠港
airfield n（小型）飞机场，飞机起落的跑道
railway station火车站
terminal n（铁路，公路等）终点站
tube station地铁站（Br) the under ground railway station
a subway station地铁站 (Am)
metro n（尤其指巴黎的）地下铁路
n+n 构成一个新的名词
handbag手提包
water-gate水门
water bird水禽（尤其指淡水的）
blood test验血
silkworm蚕
air有关的合成词：
airsick晕机的
airplane飞机(Am)
airraid空袭
airtight不透气的
air-conditioner n空调
expect 1vi预计，预料
eg Who has eaten up the cake? I think/expect/supose it was Tom.
eg Will you be later? I don`t think/expect/supose so.
eg Jim has failed in mathematics as his teacher expected. 正如他老师所预料的那样，吉姆数学考试没及格。

2v等待，期待，盼望（心理上的等待）
eg The children were expecting Christmas presents from their parents.
eg The detectives were expecting a parcel of diamonds from South Africa.
eg They are expecting guests tonight. 今晚有人要去他们那里作客。

expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思，而wait for 主要持续“等待”这个动作本身。

expect sth期待某事
eg I expect a letter from Jimmy.
expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事
eg I expect you to write back.
eg I expect my mother to come back.
wait for sth/sb动作上的等待
eg I wait for my mother.
3v认为，猜想（一般用于口语）
eg You expect too much of your child.
eg You are expected to do your duty.
as might be expected=as might have been expected 按照所想
eg As might have been expected he won the first prize. 正如所料，他获得了第一名。

be expecting 怀孕（口语）
eg I expect so.我希望如此［口语］
eg I think so. 我希望如此［口语］
eg I expect you’ve heard the news. 我想你已经听到这个消息了。

与expect相关的词：
expectancy n预料，期望 [u]
life expectancy平均寿命
expection n（成功，幸运等的）期望，（常用复数），（尤其指继承遗产的）指望
against all expectations出乎意料
beyond all expectations出乎意料地（的）
come up to a expectations正如所愿
fall short of a person`s expectations 未能如愿，与期望有差距
in expectations of预计含有
valuable 1adj贵重的,值钱的，尤其指在买卖中有高额利润的（of great value worth or use)
a valuable parcel of diamonds
valuable ←→cheap/ inexpensive
eg That painting is too expensive to buy.
clear adj珍视的，价高的，（常做表语）(Br)
eg She lost everything that was clear to her. 她丧失所有宝贵的东西。

precious adj珍贵的，宝贵的
precious diamonds极其珍贵的钻石
precious moments together在一起的宝贵时光
eg Life is precious.生命是宝贵的。

eg She is precious to him.她对他来说是珍贵的。

costly adj昂贵的，贵重的(costing much）
a costly diamond necklace一个珍贵的项链
priceless adj无价的，极其昂贵的
a priceless jewel极其昂贵的宝石（珠宝）
2很有用的，很有价值的
valuable assistance很有价值的援助
valuable information很有价值的信息
valuable advice很有价值的建议
valuable help很有价值的帮助
value n价值
be of great value to sb极其有价值的，价值很高的
be of little value to sb价值很低的
be of some value to sb对某人有一定价值的
be of no value to sb对某人没有价值的
eg This information is important.
This information is of importance.
be important= be of importance 具有重要性
eg This tool is useful.这个工具有用。

This tool is of use.
be useful= be of use具有用处
valueless adj没有价值, 不足道的
worthless adj无价值的
parcel n包裹（特指邮包）
eg A parcel has just come, addressed to you.
package n指较大的包装
eg The package got torn on the way to the station. 包裹在去邮局的路上被撕破了。

packket n能携带的小包，商品的小包装
eg Give this packet of letter to the teachers.
packet of cigarattes一包香烟
a packet of aweet一包糖
P.P → parcel post包裹邮递
diamond n钻石
diamond ring 钻石戒指
precious stone n宝石
crystal *'krɪst!+ n水晶
jade *dʒed+ n玉
steal v偷steal -- stole--stolen
1 vt/vi偷盗，行窃
英语中“偷”用steal和rob 来表达，宾语是物，用steal；宾语是人，用rob；跟地点相连，也用rob.
steal sth偷(某物)
eg He stole from the rich to give to the poor. 劫富济贫。

eg My wallet was stolen.我的钱包被偷了。

eg John never steals. 约翰从不偷东西。

rob sb抢(某人)
eg I was robbed.
eg rob the bank
2v把…（偷偷地）弄到手，神不知鬼不觉地取得
eg He has stolen away Mary’s heart. 他已赢得玛丽的芳心。

eg She stole a glance at the man in the concert. 在音乐会上，她偷偷地撇了那个男士一眼。

eg He stole into the room.他悄悄地进了房间。

3vi偷偷地行动，悄悄靠近
steal out from (the building)从建筑里面偷走
thief n贼
theft n偷窃的行为；脏物
burglar n窃贼（尤其指入室行窃的）
burgle v入室行窃
robber n抢劫，强盗
robbery n抢劫的行为
rob v抢劫
main adj主要的，作定语（无比较近和最高级） (main不能与人连用) main building主楼
main street主干道
main sentence主句
the main idea of the passage 文章的中心思想
the main chance（赚钱盈利等的）机会，可能性
major adj主要的，（重要之意）
a major problem一个主要的问题
guard 1n[u]警戒, 看守，守卫（的行为）
be on guard站岗
keep guard站岗
stand guard站岗
2n[c] 警卫（尤其指士兵，警察）
life guard 救生员
body guard 保镖
3v看守，监视
eg The piliceman guarded the prisoners. 警察看守者囚犯。

eg They kept a close guard over the thieves. 他们对小偷们严加看管。

4v保护
eg A helmet guads your head against unjuries. 头盔保护你的头部不受伤害。

stone n 石块，石子，碎石rock n 岩石eg
To kill two birds withone stone (谚）一箭双雕within a stone`s trow 一箭之地（不远）stone-blind 完全瞎的stone-deaf 完全聋的sand 1n [u] 沙子2n [c] 沙地，沙滩eg
We walk on the burning sands of the desart. 我们正走在沙某的炙热的沙地山。

3n 时刻，寿命（复数用）eg
The sands of his life are running out. 他寿命将尽。

sand back 沙丘sandman 睡魔Key Structures 过去进行时构成：be 的过去式+现在分词(was/were doing)主要表示过去某时正在做某事，即过去某个时刻正在发生的动作。

1. 有过去的时间状eg
In those years, we were having a hard time.eg
We were picking cotton when they arrived.2. 无时间状语，通过上下文得知eg
The wind was no longer belowing, but I was still rather cold.3.过去进行时和一般过去时的区别：过去进行时表示动作在过去的时间里正在进行一般过去时表示动作在过去的时间里已经完成了，结束了。

eg
I was reading a novel last night. 昨晚我正在读小说。

eg
I dead a novel last night. 昨晚我读了一本小说。

eg
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.eg
I was having breakfast when the telephone rang.eg
While we were having a party, the lights went out. 当我们正在聚会时灯灭了。

eg
George was reading while his wife was listening to the redio.eg
As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot.eg
Someone kncked at the door just as I was getting into the bath,eg
The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.when ，while 当……时候（强调动作同时发生）while+从句,动词一定是延续性动词when+延续性动词/瞬间动词eg
John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.eg
Just as I was leaving the house, you came in.when 也可以引导比较短暂的动作，while 和as 则一般不行。

We were having supper when the lights went out. (go out 熄灭)eg What were you doing all evening? I couldn’t find you anywhere.
过去动作同时发生的时态
1)eg I was listening to the radio, my sister was dancing.
eg When my mother was doing the housework, my father was watching TV.
2)
eg When I was opening the door, the telephone rang.先开门
eg When the telephone was ringing, I opened the door. 电话先响
3)
过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。

过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。

正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词when ，while ，as ，just as 等引导。

while 能用when 代替，但是when 却不一定能用while 代替。

while 通常只引导持续时间较长的动作， 并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时，而when 和as 一般不这么用。

过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如all morning ，all night ，all day ，all evening ，the whole week 等，表示这段时间一直在干什么。

过去两个动作同时发生, 习惯上一个用一般过去时, 另一个用过去进行时；动作长
用过去进行时,动作短用一般过去时; 分工的情况, 动作的开始时间和结束时间几乎相同, 均用过去进行时;
两个动作在同时段进行, 在不同时间结束, 先发生的动作未结束, 另一个动作发生,先发生的动作用进行时态, 另一个动作用过去时.
瞬间动词（如：arrive ）没有进行时态, 所以两个动作同时发生, 延续性动词用进行时态, 瞬间动词使用过去时态.
eg When he arrived, I was having dinner.
I am arriving 进行时态表示将要
Exercises D
1 1 As my father ______ (leave) the house, the postman ______ (arrive).
was leaving；arrived(两个瞬间动词同时发生可能性很小, 应具体分析, 故用进行时态表将来) 2While mother ______ (prepare) lunch, Janet ______ (set) the table.
set the table摆桌子 was preparing；set。