Farfield Calculate monostatic RCS
中华人民共和国无线电频率划分规定
中华人民共和国无线电频率划分规定文章属性•【公布机关】工业和信息化部•【公布日期】•【分类】征求意见稿正文中华人民共和国无线电频率划分规定（修订征求意见稿）总则第一条为了充分、合理、有效地利用无线电频谱资源，保证无线电业务的正常运行，防止各种无线电业务、无线电台站和系统之间的相互干扰，根据《中华人民共和国无线电管理条例》、国际电信联盟《无线电规则》（2012年版）和我国无线电业务发展的实际情况，制定本规定。
第二条在中华人民共和国境内（港澳台地区除外）研制、生产、进口、销售、试验和设置使用各种无线电设备，应当遵守本规定，并按照《中华人民共和国无线电管理条例》等规定办理相应的手续。
第三条在中国香港、澳门特别行政区内使用无线电频率，应当分别遵守中国香港、澳门特别行政区政府有关无线电管理的法律规定。
本规定中列入的中国香港、澳门无线电频率划分表由中国香港、澳门特别行政区政府分别制定和执行，相关资料和规定以中国香港、澳门特别行政区政府的法定文本为准。
本规定暂未列入中国台湾地区无线电频率划分表。
第四条本规定自2013年月日起施行。
原中华人民共和国工业和信息化部2010年10月18日公布的《中华人民共和国无线电频率划分规定》（中华人民共和国工业和信息化部令第16号）同时废止。
目录第1章无线电管理的术语与定义11.1 一般术语11.2 有关频率管理的专用术语21.3 无线电业务31.4 无线电台与系统71.5 操作术语131.6 发射与无线电设备的特性151.7 频率共用181.8 空间技术术语191.9 无线电频带和波段的命名211.10 常用字母代码和业务频段对应表211.11 国际电信联盟（ITU）区域划分22第2章电台的技术特性24第3章无线电频率划分规定253.1 引言253.2 业务种类与划分253.3 一般规定263.4 无线电频率划分表273.5 国际电信联盟无线电频率划分脚注1373.6 中国无线电频率划分脚注208附录213附录1 发射机频率容限214附录2 发射设备杂散域发射功率限值要求218附件1 确定杂散域发射和带外域发射界限的补充规定221 附件2 固定业务参考测量带宽的规定值223附件3 陆地移动业务参考测量带宽的规定值224附录3 发射标识和必要带宽226第1章无线电管理的术语与定义下列术语和定义取自中国国家标准《无线电管理术语》（GB/T 13622-2012）和国际电信联盟《无线电规则》2012年版，这些术语与定义仅作本规定统一称呼和理解其含义之用。
用HFSS软件计算monoRCS
Incident-wave seriesMonostatic Radar Cross SectionThe goal is to plot the monostatic radar cross section (RCS) as a function of angle for a scattering object, as shown in the figure below. The scattering object is a so-called corner reflector: three sheets of metal connected at right angles to each other. A corner reflector is often used as a calibration object in radar experiments. It has the advantage of a large RCS over a wide angular range. In the example project, symmetry has been exploited with respect to the XZ plane.Corner reflectorTo produce a plot of monostatic RCS through measurements, usually the incident wave is constant and the scattering object is rotated. In the numerical simulation, however, the scattering object is stationary and a collection of incident waves strikes it from many directions. In this case, we want incident waves whose directions of incidence vary from θ=0 to θ=360 degrees in the φ=0 plane. To visualize this, imagine the transmitting and receiving antennas going full circle in the XZ plane around the object, while always being directed towards the scattering object. The polarization is chosen to be in the φdirection, i.e. in the Y direction in this case. The figure above shows the k and E0 vectors for the θ=90 degrees case.In HFSS, the collection of incident waves is defined as shown in the figure. By requesting IwaveTheta to go from 0 deg to 360 deg in four-degree steps we obtain the collection of incident waves as described above. We will thus have a simulation with 91 excitations.Incident wave setupDuring adaptive mesh refinement, all 91 field solutions will influence the mesh refinement process.Since there are 91 excitations, the simulation will 91 field solutions to disk, which takes a lot of space. Deleting field solutions, once all far-field plots have been created and exported, can be done through HFSS > Results > Clean-up Solutions.In order to compute far fields you need to define a far-field setup: HFSS > Radiation > Insert Far-Field Setup. In most cases, you need this to define for which theta and phi values you want the software to compute far fields. In the case of monostatic radar cross section, however, theta and phi have become redundant variables. You still need a far-field setup, since it contains other necessary information, but you can fill out the panel as shown below.Defining the far-field setupTo produce the plot of monostatic RCS versus angle theta, do the following.1) Under HFSS > Results > Create Report, select Report Type : Far Fields.Preparing a plot of a far-field quantity2) Under the Sweeps tab, make IwaveTheta the primary sweep and make sure All Values are selected. The angles Theta and Phi are present in the panel but are redundant for monostatic RCS.Making IwaveTheta the primary sweep3) Under the Y tab, ask for Monostatic RCS and click Add Trace.Specifying the desired trace as Monostatic RCS, total, in dB.Upon pressing Done, the plot is created. This may take time, as all 91 field solutions have to be loaded and post processed. The plot is shown below. The vertical scale is in dBrelative to one square meter.Monostatic RCS of the small corner reflector at 6 GHzIn this example, the edges of the triangular aperture of the corner reflector have a length of 14 cm while the wavelength is 5 cm. Hence, the corner reflector is not very large in terms of wavelength. Still, we can see that it has a large RCS when the incident wave shines into the aperture, roughly from 40 to 120 degrees. There is another peak when the wave hits perpendicularly from below, near 215 degrees.At higher frequencies, a somewhat flat maximum is expected around 90 degrees. The plot below shows part of the RCS plot at 10 GHz. At this frequency, the wavelength is 3 cm, so the corner reflector is a little larger in terms of wavelength.The high-frequency physical-optics limit of the RCS is given by243λπσL =where L is the length of an edge of the aperture, 0.1√2 m in this case. With this equation applied at 10 GHz, we find approximately.3.347.0494405.1222dBm m m E E -==--=σThe plot below shows a maximum of -2.2 dBm 2. The extra dB is probably due to the contribution from the edges.Monostatic RCS of the small corner reflector at 10 GHz。
遥感及其相关术语中英文对照
遥感及其相关术语中英文对照（不完全版）AA d d r e s s m a t c h i n g一种用来在两个使用地址的文件将进行关联的机制。
地理坐标和属性可以从一个地址转换成另一个。
举例来说,一个学生包含地址的文件可以映射到一个街道图层上,该图层包含了学生居住点的点图层的地址。
A D S弧段数字化系统。
一种数字化和编辑的简单系统,用来向图层上添加弧段和标签点。
A e r o p h o t o g r a p h航片A e r o p h o t o g r a p h i c a l S c a l e航空摄影比例尺A l l o c a t i o n在最大阻抗或资源容量范围内于网络终止拍到最近中心的弧段的过程。
A M/F M是英文A u t o m a t e d M a p p i n g/F a c i l i t i e s M a n a g e m e n t的缩写，是一种基于地理信息上的设备和生产技术管理的计算机图文交互系统，也是一种将图形技术与数据库管理技术相结合的计算机应用软件系统，采用A M/F M系统，能实现输配电网络系统的规划、建设、报装、调度、运行、检修和营业用电的计算机辅助管理，是目前在公共事业单位对分散设备（相对发电厂、钢厂等在地理上相对集中的集中设备而言）进行计算机辅助管理的先进、实用和理想的应用软件系统。
A M/F M系统是在地理信息系统（G I S）的基础上，根据设备工程管理的需要和生产技术管理的要求而开发的一种用于生产运行单位的新的信息管理系统，在很多场合也用A M/F M/G I S来代表A M/F M系统。
A n n o t a t i o n注释1.对图层特征物进行描述的文本，用来显示而不用于分析．2.在图层中用来标签其他特征物的一个特征类。
其信息包含一个字符串,字符串显示位置和文本特征信息(颜色,字体,大小等)。
又见T A T。
A N S I美国国家标准组织是一个全国性的标准化协调组织。
Decay Constants $f_{D_s^}$ and $f_{D_s}$ from ${bar{B}}^0to D^+ l^- {bar{nu}}$ and ${bar{B}
form factor.
PACS index : 12.15.-y, 13.20.-v, 13.25.Hw, 14.40.Nd, 14.65.Fy Keywards : Factorization, Non-leptonic Decays, Decay Constant, Penguin Effects
∗ experimentally from leptonic B and Ds decays. For instance, determine fB , fBs fDs and fDs
+ the decay rate for Ds is given by [1]
+ Γ(Ds
m2 G2 2 2 l 1 − m M → ℓ ν ) = F fD D s 2 8π s ℓ MD s
1/2
(4)
.
(5)
In the zero lepton-mass limit, 0 ≤ q 2 ≤ (mB − mD )2 .
2
For the q 2 dependence of the form factors, Wirbel et al. [8] assumed a simple pole formula for both F1 (q 2 ) and F0 (q 2 ) (we designate this scenario ’pole/pole’): q2 F1 (q ) = F1 (0) /(1 − 2 ), mF1
∗ amount to about 11 % for B → DDs and 5 % for B → DDs , which have been mentioned in
用HFSS软件计算monoRCS
Incident-wave seriesMonostatic Radar Cross SectionThe goal is to plot the monostatic radar cross section (RCS) as a function of angle for a scattering object, as shown in the figure below. The scattering object is a so-called corner reflector: three sheets of metal connected at right angles to each other. A corner reflector is often used as a calibration object in radar experiments. It has the advantage of a large RCS over a wide angular range. In the example project, symmetry has been exploited with respect to the XZ plane.Corner reflectorTo produce a plot of monostatic RCS through measurements, usually the incident wave is constant and the scattering object is rotated. In the numerical simulation, however, the scattering object is stationary and a collection of incident waves strikes it from many directions. In this case, we want incident waves whose directions of incidence vary from θ=0 to θ=360 degrees in the φ=0 plane. To visualize this, imagine the transmitting and receiving antennas going full circle in the XZ plane around the object, while always being directed towards the scattering object. The polarization is chosen to be in the φdirection, i.e. in the Y direction in this case. The figure above shows the k and E0 vectors for the θ=90 degrees case.In HFSS, the collection of incident waves is defined as shown in the figure. By requesting IwaveTheta to go from 0 deg to 360 deg in four-degree steps we obtain the collection of incident waves as described above. We will thus have a simulation with 91 excitations.Incident wave setupDuring adaptive mesh refinement, all 91 field solutions will influence the mesh refinement process.Since there are 91 excitations, the simulation will 91 field solutions to disk, which takes a lot of space. Deleting field solutions, once all far-field plots have been created and exported, can be done through HFSS > Results > Clean-up Solutions.In order to compute far fields you need to define a far-field setup: HFSS > Radiation > Insert Far-Field Setup. In most cases, you need this to define for which theta and phi values you want the software to compute far fields. In the case of monostatic radar cross section, however, theta and phi have become redundant variables. You still need a far-field setup, since it contains other necessary information, but you can fill out the panel as shown below.Defining the far-field setupTo produce the plot of monostatic RCS versus angle theta, do the following.1) Under HFSS > Results > Create Report, select Report Type : Far Fields.Preparing a plot of a far-field quantity2) Under the Sweeps tab, make IwaveTheta the primary sweep and make sure All Values are selected. The angles Theta and Phi are present in the panel but are redundant for monostatic RCS.Making IwaveTheta the primary sweep3) Under the Y tab, ask for Monostatic RCS and click Add Trace.Specifying the desired trace as Monostatic RCS, total, in dB.Upon pressing Done, the plot is created. This may take time, as all 91 field solutions have to be loaded and post processed. The plot is shown below. The vertical scale is in dBrelative to one square meter.Monostatic RCS of the small corner reflector at 6 GHzIn this example, the edges of the triangular aperture of the corner reflector have a length of 14 cm while the wavelength is 5 cm. Hence, the corner reflector is not very large in terms of wavelength. Still, we can see that it has a large RCS when the incident wave shines into the aperture, roughly from 40 to 120 degrees. There is another peak when the wave hits perpendicularly from below, near 215 degrees.At higher frequencies, a somewhat flat maximum is expected around 90 degrees. The plot below shows part of the RCS plot at 10 GHz. At this frequency, the wavelength is 3 cm, so the corner reflector is a little larger in terms of wavelength.The high-frequency physical-optics limit of the RCS is given by243λπσL =where L is the length of an edge of the aperture, 0.1√2 m in this case. With this equation applied at 10 GHz, we find approximately.3.347.0494405.1222dBm m m E E -==--=σThe plot below shows a maximum of -2.2 dBm 2. The extra dB is probably due to the contribution from the edges.Monostatic RCS of the small corner reflector at 10 GHz。
半空间环境中自适应交叉近似方法研究
第三章 自适应交叉近似算法........................................... 13 3.1 引言 ........................................................ 13 3.2 自适应交叉近似法 ............................................ 14 3.2.1 分组................................................... 14 3.2.2 ACA 压缩算法流程 ...................................... 15 3.3 ACA 算法迭代求解 ........................................... 17 3.4 数值结果与分析 .............................................. 19
离散fréchet(弗雷歇) 距离评价曲线相似度
离散fréchet(弗雷歇) 距离评价曲线相似度1.离散Fréchet (弗雷歇)距离是一种评价曲线相似度的方法。
2.它可以度量两条离散曲线之间的相似性。
3.弗雷歇距离考虑了曲线形状和顺序的一致性。
4.这种距离度量方法可以应用于很多领域，例如图形识别和时间序列分析。
5.利用离散Fréchet距离，我们可以比较两个曲线是否相似。
6.它可以帮助我们找到最相似的曲线或者确定曲线之间的差异。
7.在物体形状匹配中，离散Fréchet距离可以用于比较不同物体的形状相似度。
8.通过计算离散Fréchet距离，我们可以量化两个曲线的差异。
9.这种评价方法可以帮助我们识别图形或者模式之间的差异。
10.离散Fréchet距离的计算需要考虑路径的多样性和相互匹配的方式。
11.它可以通过考虑距离度量和路径优化来得到更准确的结果。
12.离散Fréchet距离的应用涉及到对曲线形状进行比较和匹配的问题。
13.在路径规划中，离散Fréchet距离可以用于衡量不同路径规划方案的相似性。
14.离散Fréchet距离的计算复杂度取决于曲线的长度和采样点的个数。
15.它可以在离散曲线处理中作为一个重要的工具和度量标准。
16.离散Fréchet距离可以用于评价曲线的相似度，以提供有关曲线形状的信息。
17.通过计算离散Fréchet距离，我们可以得到曲线之间的相似性分数，用以衡量它们的相似程度。
18.这种距离度量方法可以用于模式识别和数据挖掘领域中的曲线分析。
19.离散Fréchet距离可用于匹配不完全对齐的曲线，以提供更准确的比较结果。
20.利用离散Fréchet距离，我们可以根据曲线的形状特征来识别和分类不同的曲线。
21.离散Fréchet距离的研究为曲线相似度评价提供了一种有效的方法。
卡梅伦液压数据手册（第 20 版）说明书
iv
⌂
CONTENTS OF SECTION 1
☰ Hydraulics
⌂ Cameron Hydraulic Data ☰
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................................ 1-3 Liquids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................................... .......................... 1-3
4
Viscosity etc.
Steam data....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1 Liquid Flow.............................................................................. 1-4
Viscosity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................................... .......................... 1-5 Pumping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................................... .......................... 1-6 Volume-System Head Calculations-Suction Head. ........................... 1-6, 1-7 Suction Lift-Total Discharge Head-Velocity Head............................. 1-7, 1-8 Total Sys. Head-Pump Head-Pressure-Spec. Gravity. ...................... 1-9, 1-10 Net Positive Suction Head. .......................................................... 1-11 NPSH-Suction Head-Life; Examples:....................... ............... 1-11 to 1-16 NPSH-Hydrocarbon Corrections.................................................... 1-16 NPSH-Reciprocating Pumps. ....................................................... 1-17 Acceleration Head-Reciprocating Pumps. ........................................ 1-18 Entrance Losses-Specific Speed. .................................................. 1-19 Specific Speed-Impeller. .................................... ........................ 1-19 Specific Speed-Suction...................................... ................. 1-20, 1-21 Submergence.. . . . . . . . . ....................................... ................. 1-21, 1-22 Intake Design-Vertical Wet Pit Pumps....................................... 1-22, 1-27 Work Performed in Pumping. ............................... ........................ 1-27 Temperature Rise. . . . . . . ...................................... ........................ 1-28 Characteristic Curves. . ...................................... ........................ 1-29 Affinity Laws-Stepping Curves. ..................................................... 1-30 System Curves.. . . . . . . . ....................................... ........................ 1-31 Parallel and Series Operation. .............................. ................. 1-32, 1-33 Water Hammer. . . . . . . . . . ...................................... ........................ 1-34 Reciprocating Pumps-Performance. ............................................... 1-35 Recip. Pumps-Pulsation Analysis & System Piping...................... 1-36 to 1-45 Pump Drivers-Speed Torque Curves. ....................................... 1-45, 1-46 Engine Drivers-Impeller Profiles. ................................................... 1-47 Hydraulic Institute Charts.................................... ............... 1-48 to 1-52 Bibliography.. . . . . . . . . . . . ...................................... ........................ 1-53
化工原理英文教材-分离-相间扩散和传质原理Principles of Diffusion and Mass Transfer Between Phases
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SPSS词汇(中英文对照)
SPSS词汇(中英文对照)Absolute deviation, 绝对离差Absolute number, 绝对数Absolute residuals, 绝对残差Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度Acceleration vector, 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设Accumulation, 累积Accuracy, 准确度Actual frequency, 实际频数Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量Addition, 相加Addition theorem, 加法定理Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 调整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error, 容许误差Aggregation, 聚集性Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设Among groups, 组间Amounts, 总量Analysis of correlation, 相关分析Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析Analysis of regression, 回归分析Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析Analysis of variance, 方差分析Angular transformation, 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型Arcing, 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换Area under the curve, 曲线面积AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit, 拟合的评估Associative laws, 结合律Asymmetric distribution, 非对称分布Asymptotic bias, 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency, 渐近效率Asymptotic variance, 渐近方差Attributable risk, 归因危险度Attribute data, 属性资料Attribution, 属性Autocorrelation, 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals, 残差的自相关Average, 平均数Average confidence interval length, 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate, 平均增长率Bar chart, 条形图Bar graph, 条形图Base period, 基期Bayes' theorem , Bayes定理Bell-shaped curve, 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution, 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator, 最好切尾估计量Bias, 偏性Binary logistic regression, 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution, 二项分布Bisquare, 双平方Bivariate Correlate, 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution, 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population, 双变量正态总体Biweight interval, 双权区间Biweight M-estimator, 双权M估计量Block, 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs), BMDP统计软件包Boxplots, 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound, 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation, 典型相关Caption, 纵标目Case-control study, 病例对照研究Categorical variable, 分类变量Catenary, 悬链线Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship, 因果关系Cell, 单元Censoring, 终检Center of symmetry, 对称中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定标Central tendency, 集中趋势Central value, 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector, 卡方自动交互检测Chance, 机遇Chance error, 随机误差Chance variable, 随机变量Characteristic equation, 特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector, 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit, 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces, 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test, 卡方检验/χ2检验Choleskey decomposition, 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart, 圆图Class interval, 组距Class mid-value, 组中值Class upper limit, 组上限Classified variable, 分类变量Cluster analysis, 聚类分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽样Code, 代码Coded data, 编码数据Coding, 编码Coefficient of contingency, 列联系数Coefficient of determination, 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation, 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation, 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation, 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation, 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression, 回归系数Coefficient of skewness, 偏度系数Coefficient of variation, 变异系数Cohort study, 队列研究Column, 列Column effect, 列效应Column factor, 列因素Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 组合表Common factor, 共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回归系数Common value, 共同值Common variance, 公共方差Common variation, 公共变异Communality variance, 共性方差Comparability, 可比性Comparison of bathes, 批比较Comparison value, 比较值Compartment model, 分部模型Compassion, 伸缩Complement of an event, 补事件Complete association, 完全正相关Complete dissociation, 完全不相关Complete statistics, 完备统计量Completely randomized design, 完全随机化设计Composite event, 联合事件Composite events, 复合事件Concavity, 凹性Conditional expectation, 条件期望Conditional likelihood, 条件似然Conditional probability, 条件概率Conditionally linear, 依条件线性Confidence interval, 置信区间Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit, 置信下限Confidence upper limit, 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis , 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research, 证实性实验研究Confounding factor, 混杂因素Conjoint, 联合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check, 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate, 相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate, 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression, 受约束非线性回归Constraint, 约束Contaminated distribution, 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian, 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution, 污染正态分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table, 列联表Contour, 边界线Contribution rate, 贡献率Control, 对照Controlled experiments, 对照实验Conventional depth, 常规深度Convolution, 卷积Corrected factor, 校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient, 校正系数Correctness, 正确性Correlation coefficient, 相关系数Correlation index, 相关指数Correspondence, 对应Counting, 计数Counts, 计数/频数Covariance, 协方差Covariant, 共变Cox Regression, Cox回归Criteria for fitting, 拟合准则Criteria of least squares, 最小二乘准则Critical ratio, 临界比Critical region, 拒绝域Critical value, 临界值Cross-over design, 交叉设计Cross-section analysis, 横断面分析Cross-section survey, 横断面调查Crosstabs , 交叉表Cross-tabulation table, 复合表Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function, 分布函数Cumulative probability, 累计概率Curvature, 曲率/弯曲Curvature, 曲率Curve fit , 曲线拟和Curve fitting, 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression, 曲线回归Curvilinear relation, 曲线关系Cut-and-try method, 尝试法Cycle, 周期Cyclist, 周期性D test, D检验Data acquisition, 资料收集Data bank, 数据库Data capacity, 数据容量Data deficiencies, 数据缺乏Data handling, 数据处理Data manipulation, 数据处理Data processing, 数据处理Data reduction, 数据缩减Data set, 数据集Data sources, 数据来源Data transformation, 数据变换Data validity, 数据有效性Data-in, 数据输入Data-out, 数据输出Dead time, 停滞期Degree of freedom, 自由度Degree of precision, 精密度Degree of reliability, 可靠性程度Degression, 递减Density function, 密度函数Density of data points, 数据点的密度Dependent variable, 应变量/依变量/因变量Dependent variable, 因变量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods, 无导数方法Design, 设计Determinacy, 确定性Determinant, 行列式Determinant, 决定因素Deviation, 离差Deviation from average, 离均差Diagnostic plot, 诊断图Dichotomous variable, 二分变量Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization, 直接标准化法Discrete variable, 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT, 判断Discriminant analysis, 判别分析Discriminant coefficient, 判别系数Discriminant function, 判别值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers, 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free, 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape, 分布形状Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 随机扰动项Dose response curve, 剂量反应曲线Double blind method, 双盲法Double blind trial, 双盲试验Double exponential distribution, 双指数分布Double logarithmic, 双对数Downward rank, 降秩Dual-space plot, 对偶空间图DUD, 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method, 新复极差法/Duncan新法Effect, 实验效应Eigenvalue, 特征值Eigenvector, 特征向量Ellipse, 椭圆Empirical distribution, 经验分布Empirical probability, 经验概率单位Enumeration data, 计数资料Equal sun-class number, 相等次级组含量Equally likely, 等可能Equivariance, 同变性Error, 误差/错误Error of estimate, 估计误差Error type I, 第一类错误Error type II, 第二类错误Estimand, 被估量Estimated error mean squares, 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares, 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance, 欧式距离Event, 事件Event, 事件Exceptional data point, 异常数据点Expectation plane, 期望平面Expectation surface, 期望曲面Expected values, 期望值Experiment, 实验Experimental sampling, 试验抽样Experimental unit, 试验单位Explanatory variable, 说明变量Exploratory data analysis, 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize, 探索-摘要Exponential curve, 指数曲线Exponential growth, 指数式增长EXSMOOTH, 指数平滑方法Extended fit, 扩充拟合Extra parameter, 附加参数Extrapolation, 外推法Extreme observation, 末端观测值Extremes, 极端值/极值F distribution, F分布F test, F检验Factor, 因素/因子Factor analysis, 因子分析Factor Analysis, 因子分析Factor score, 因子得分Factorial, 阶乘Factorial design, 析因试验设计False negative, 假阴性False negative error, 假阴性错误Family of distributions, 分布族Family of estimators, 估计量族Fanning, 扇面Fatality rate, 病死率Field investigation, 现场调查Field survey, 现场调查Finite population, 有限总体Finite-sample, 有限样本First derivative, 一阶导数First principal component, 第一主成分First quartile, 第一四分位数Fisher information, 费雪信息量Fitted value, 拟合值Fitting a curve, 曲线拟合Fixed base, 定基Fluctuation, 随机起伏Forecast, 预测Four fold table, 四格表Fourth, 四分点Fraction blow, 左侧比率Fractional error, 相对误差Frequency, 频率Frequency polygon, 频数多边图Frontier point, 界限点Function relationship, 泛函关系Gamma distribution, 伽玛分布Gauss increment, 高斯增量Gaussian distribution, 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment, 高斯-牛顿增量General census, 全面普查GENLOG (Generalized liner models), 广义线性模型Geometric mean, 几何平均数Gini's mean difference, 基尼均差GLM (General liner models), 一般线性模型Goodness of fit, 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant, 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square, 希腊拉丁方Grand mean, 总均值Gross errors, 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity, 大错敏感度Group averages, 分组平均Grouped data, 分组资料Guessed mean, 假定平均数Half-life, 半衰期Hampel M-estimators, 汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance, 偶然事件Harmonic mean, 调和均数Hazard function, 风险均数Hazard rate, 风险率Heading, 标目Heavy-tailed distribution, 重尾分布Hessian array, 海森立体阵Heterogeneity, 不同质Heterogeneity of variance, 方差不齐Hierarchical classification, 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method, 系统聚类法High-leverage point, 高杠杆率点HILOGLINEAR, ***列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge, 折叶点Histogram, 直方图Historical cohort study, 历史性队列研究Holes, 空洞HOMALS, 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance, 方差齐性Homogeneity test, 齐性检验Huber M-estimators, 休伯M估计量Hyperbola, 双曲线Hypothesis testing, 假设检验Hypothetical universe, 假设总体Impossible event, 不可能事件Independence, 独立性Independent variable, 自变量Index, 指标/指数Indirect standardization, 间接标准化法Individual, 个体Inference band, 推断带Infinite population, 无限总体Infinitely great, 无穷大Infinitely small, 无穷小Influence curve, 影响曲线Information capacity, 信息容量Initial condition, 初始条件Initial estimate, 初始估计值Initial level, 最初水平Interaction, 交互作用Interaction terms, 交互作用项Intercept, 截距Interpolation, 内插法Interquartile range, 四分位距Interval estimation, 区间估计Intervals of equal probability, 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature, 固有曲率Invariance, 不变性Inverse matrix, 逆矩阵Inverse probability, 逆概率Inverse sine transformation, 反正弦变换Iteration, 迭代Jacobian determinant, 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function, 分布函数Joint probability, 联合概率Joint probability distribution, 联合概率分布K means method, 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier, 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart, Kaplan-Merier图Kendall's rank correlation, Kendall等级相关Kinetic, 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test, 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test, Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis, 峰度Lack of fit, 失拟Ladder of powers, 幂阶梯Lag, 滞后Large sample, 大样本Large sample test, 大样本检验Latin square, 拉丁方Latin square design, 拉丁方设计Leakage, 泄漏Least favorable configuration, 最不利构形Least favorable distribution, 最不利分布Least significant difference, 最小显著差法Least square method, 最小二乘法Least-absolute-residuals estimates, 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit, 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line, 最小绝对残差线Legend, 图例L-estimator, L估计量L-estimator of location, 位置L估计量L-estimator of scale, 尺度L估计量Level, 水平Life expectance, 预期期望寿命Life table, 寿命表Life table method, 生命表法Light-tailed distribution, 轻尾分布Likelihood function, 似然函数Likelihood ratio, 似然比line graph, 线图Linear correlation, 直线相关Linear equation, 线性方程Linear programming, 线性规划Linear regression, 直线回归Linear Regression, 线性回归Linear trend, 线性趋势Loading, 载荷Location and scale equivariance, 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance, 位置同变性Location invariance, 位置不变性Location scale family, 位置尺度族Log rank test, 时序检验Logarithmic curve, 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution, 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale, 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation, 对数变换Logic check, 逻辑检查Logistic distribution, 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation, Logit转换LOGLINEAR, ***列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution, 对数正态分布Lost function, 损失函数Low correlation, 低度相关Lower limit, 下限Lowest-attained variance, 最小可达方差LSD, 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable, 潜在变量Main effect, 主效应Major heading, 主辞标目Marginal density function, 边缘密度函数Marginal probability, 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution, 边缘概率分布Matched data, 配对资料Matched distribution, 匹配过分布Matching of distribution, 分布的匹配Matching of transformation, 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation, 数学期望Mathematical model, 数学模型Maximum L-estimator, 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method, 最大似然法Mean, 均数Mean squares between groups, 组间均方Mean squares within group, 组内均方Means (Compare means), 均值-均值比较Median, 中位数Median effective dose, 半数效量Median lethal dose, 半数致死量Median polish, 中位数平滑Median test, 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic, 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation, 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose, 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose, 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator, 最小方差估计量MINITAB, 统计软件包Minor heading, 宾词标目Missing data, 缺失值Model specification, 模型的确定Modeling Statistics , 模型统计Models for outliers, 离群值模型Modifying the model, 模型的修正Modulus of continuity, 连续性模Morbidity, 发病率Most favorable configuration, 最有利构形Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL), ***尺度/***标度Multinomial Logistic Regression , 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison, 多重比较Multiple correlation , 复相关Multiple covariance, 多元协方差Multiple linear regression, 多元线性回归Multiple response , 多重选项Multiple solutions, 多解Multiplication theorem, 乘法定理Multiresponse, 多元响应Multi-stage sampling, 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution, 多元T分布Mutual exclusive, 互不相容Mutual independence, 互相独立Natural boundary, 自然边界Natural dead, 自然死亡Natural zero, 自然零Negative correlation, 负相关Negative linear correlation, 负线性相关Negatively skewed, 负偏Newman-Keuls method, q检验NK method, q检验No statistical significance, 无统计意义Nominal variable, 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability, 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression, 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics, 非参数统计Nonparametric test, 非参数检验Nonparametric tests, 非参数检验Normal deviate, 正态离差Normal distribution, 正态分布Normal equation, 正规方程组Normal ranges, 正常范围Normal value, 正常值Nuisance parameter, 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis, 无效假设Numerical variable, 数值变量Objective function, 目标函数Observation unit, 观察单位Observed value, 观察值One sided test, 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance, 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA , 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial, 开放型序贯设计Optrim, 优切尾Optrim efficiency, 优切尾效率Order statistics, 顺序统计量Ordered categories, 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression , 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable, 有序变量Orthogonal basis, 正交基Orthogonal design, 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions, 正交条件ORTHOPLAN, 正交设计Outlier cutoffs, 离群值截断点Outliers, 极端值OVERALS , 多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot, 迭代过度Paired design, 配对设计Paired sample, 配对样本Pairwise slopes, 成对斜率Parabola, 抛物线Parallel tests, 平行试验Parameter, 参数Parametric statistics, 参数统计Parametric test, 参数检验Partial correlation, 偏相关Partial regression, 偏回归Partial sorting, 偏排序Partials residuals, 偏残差Pattern, 模式Pearson curves, 皮尔逊曲线Peeling, 退层Percent bar graph, 百分条形图Percentage, 百分比Percentile, 百分位数Percentile curves, 百分位曲线Periodicity, 周期性Permutation, 排列P-estimator, P估计量Pie graph, 饼图Pitman estimator, 皮特曼估计量Pivot, 枢轴量Planar, 平坦Planar assumption, 平面的假设PLANCARDS, 生成试验的计划卡Point estimation, 点估计Poisson distribution, 泊松分布Polishing, 平滑Polled standard deviation, 合并标准差Polled variance, 合并方差Polygon, 多边图Polynomial, 多项式Polynomial curve, 多项式曲线Population, 总体Population attributable risk, 人群归因危险度Positive correlation, 正相关Positively skewed, 正偏Posterior distribution, 后验分布Power of a test, 检验效能Precision, 精密度Predicted value, 预测值Preliminary analysis, 预备性分析Principal component analysis, 主成分分析Prior distribution, 先验分布Prior probability, 先验概率Probabilistic model, 概率模型probability, 概率Probability density, 概率密度Product moment, 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace, 截面迹图Proportion, 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling, 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate, 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers, 成比例次级组含量Prospective study, 前瞻性调查Proximities, 亲近性Pseudo F test, 近似F检验Pseudo model, 近似模型Pseudosigma, 伪标准差Purposive sampling, 有目的抽样QR decomposition, QR分解Quadratic approximation, 二次近似Qualitative classification, 属性分类Qualitative method, 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot, 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q图Quantitative analysis, 定量分析Quartile, 四分位数Quick Cluster, 快速聚类Radix sort, 基数排序Random allocation, 随机化分组Random blocks design, 随机区组设计Random event, 随机事件Randomization, 随机化Range, 极差/全距Rank correlation, 等级相关Rank sum test, 秩和检验Rank test, 秩检验Ranked data, 等级资料Rate, 比率Ratio, 比例Raw data, 原始资料Raw residual, 原始残差Rayleigh's test, 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z, 雷氏Z值Reciprocal, 倒数Reciprocal transformation, 倒数变换Recording, 记录Redescending estimators, 回降估计量Reducing dimensions, 降维Re-expression, 重新表达Reference set, 标准组Region of acceptance, 接受域Regression coefficient, 回归系数Regression sum of square, 回归平方和Rejection point, 拒绝点Relative dispersion, 相对离散度Relative number, 相对数Reliability, 可靠性Reparametrization, 重新设置参数Replication, 重复Report Summaries, 报告摘要Residual sum of square, 剩余平方和Resistance, 耐抗性Resistant line, 耐抗线Resistant technique, 耐抗技术R-estimator of location, 位置R估计量R-estimator of scale, 尺度R估计量Retrospective study, 回顾性调查Ridge trace, 岭迹Ridit analysis, Ridit分析Rotation, 旋转Rounding, 舍入Row, 行Row effects, 行效应Row factor, 行因素RXC table, RXC表Sample, 样本Sample regression coefficient, 样本回归系数Sample size, 样本量Sample standard deviation, 样本标准差Sampling error, 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ), SAS统计软件包Scale, 尺度/量表Scatter diagram, 散点图Schematic plot, 示意图/简图Score test, 计分检验Screening, 筛检SEASON, 季节分析Second derivative, 二阶导数Second principal component, 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling), 结构化方程模型Semi-logarithmic graph, 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper, 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve, 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis, 贯序分析Sequential data set, 顺序数据集Sequential design, 贯序设计Sequential method, 贯序法Sequential test, 贯序检验法Serial tests, 系列试验Short-cut method, 简捷法Sigmoid curve, S形曲线Sign function, 正负号函数Sign test, 符号检验Signed rank, 符号秩Significance test, 显著性检验Significant figure, 有效数字Simple cluster sampling, 简单整群抽样Simple correlation, 简单相关Simple random sampling, 简单随机抽样Simple regression, 简单回归simple table, 简单表Sine estimator, 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate, 单值估计Singular matrix, 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution, 偏斜分布Skewness, 偏度Slash distribution, 斜线分布Slope, 斜率Smirnov test, 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation, 变异来源Spearman rank correlation, 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor, 特殊因子Specific factor variance, 特殊因子方差Spectra , 频谱Spherical distribution, 球型正态分布Spread, 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science), SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation, 假性相关Square root transformation, 平方根变换Stabilizing variance, 稳定方差Standard deviation, 标准差Standard error, 标准误Standard error of difference, 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate, 标准估计误差Standard error of rate, 率的标准误Standard normal distribution, 标准正态分布Standardization, 标准化Starting value, 起始值Statistic, 统计量Statistical control, 统计控制Statistical graph, 统计图Statistical inference, 统计推断Statistical table, 统计表Steepest descent, 最速下降法Stem and leaf display, 茎叶图Step factor, 步长因子Stepwise regression, 逐步回归Storage, 存Strata, 层（复数）Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Strength, 强度Stringency, 严密性Structural relationship, 结构关系Studentized residual, 学生化残差/t化残差Sub-class numbers, 次级组含量Subdividing, 分割Sufficient statistic, 充分统计量Sum of products, 积和Sum of squares, 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression, 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups, 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression, 偏回归平方和Sure event, 必然事件Survey, 调查Survival, 生存分析Survival rate, 生存率Suspended root gram, 悬吊根图Symmetry, 对称Systematic error, 系统误差Systematic sampling, 系统抽样Tags, 标签Tail area, 尾部面积Tail length, 尾长Tail weight, 尾重Tangent line, 切线Target distribution, 目标分布Taylor series, 泰勒级数Tendency of dispersion, 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses, 假设检验Theoretical frequency, 理论频数Time series, 时间序列Tolerance interval, 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit, 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit, 容忍上限Torsion, 扰率Total sum of square, 总平方和Total variation, 总变异Transformation, 转换Treatment, 处理Trend, 趋势Trend of percentage, 百分比趋势Trial, 试验Trial and error method, 试错法Tuning constant, 细调常数Two sided test, 双向检验Two-stage least squares, 二阶最小平方Two-stage sampling, 二阶段抽样Two-tailed test, 双侧检验Two-way analysis of variance, 双因素方差分析Two-way table, 双向表Type I error, 一类错误/α错误Type II error, 二类错误/β错误UMVU, 方差一致最小无偏估计简称Unbiased estimate, 无偏估计Unconstrained nonlinear regression , 无约束非线性回归Unequal subclass number, 不等次级组含量Ungrouped data, 不分组资料Uniform coordinate, 均匀坐标Uniform distribution, 均匀分布Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimate, 方差一致最小无偏估计Unit, 单元Unordered categories, 无序分类Upper limit, 上限Upward rank, 升秩Vague concept, 模糊概念Validity, 有效性VARCOMP (Variance component estimation), 方差元素估计Variability, 变异性Variable, 变量Variance, 方差Variation, 变异Varimax orthogonal rotation, 方差最大正交旋转Volume of distribution, 容积W test, W检验Weibull distribution, 威布尔分布Weight, 权数Weighted Chi-square test, 加权卡方检验/Cochran检验Weighted linear regression method, 加权直线回归Weighted mean, 加权平均数Weighted mean square, 加权平均方差Weighted sum of square, 加权平方和Weighting coefficient, 权重系数Weighting method, 加权法W-estimation, W估计量W-estimation of location, 位置W估计量Width, 宽度Wilcoxon paired test, 威斯康星配对法/配对符号秩和检验Wild point, 野点/狂点Wild value, 野值/狂值Winsorized mean, 缩尾均值Withdraw, 失访Youden's index, 尤登指数Z test, Z检验Zero correlation, 零相关Z-transformation, Z变换。
大地测量学常用英语词汇357个
大地测量学常用英语词汇357个大地测量学常用英语词汇357个，值得学习！001大地测量geodetic surveying002几何大地测量学geometric geodesy003椭球面大地测量学ellipsoidal geodesy004大地天文学geodetic astronomy005物理大地测量学(又称“大地重力学”)physical geodesy 006空间大地测量学space geodesy007卫星大地测量学satellite geodesy008动力大地测量学dynamic geodesy009海洋大地测量学marine geodesy010月面测量学lunar geodesy，selenodesy011行星测量学planetary geodesy012天文大地网(又称“国家大地网”) astro--geodetic network 013参考椭球reference ellipsoid014贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid015海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid016克拉索夫斯基椭球Krasovsky ellipsoid017参考椭球定位orientation of reference ellipsoid018大地基准geodetic datum019大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system020弧度测量arc measurement021拉普拉斯方位角Laplace azimuth022拉普拉斯点Laplace point023三角测量triangulation024三角点triangulation point025三角锁triangulation chain026三角网triangulation network027图形权倒数weight reciprocal of figure028菲列罗公式Ferreros formula029施赖伯全组合测角法Schreiber method in all combinations 030方向观测法method of direction observation，method by series 031测回observation set032归心元素elements of centring033归心改正correction for centring034水平折光差(又称“旁折光差”) horizontal refraction error 035基线测量base measurement036基线baseline037基线网base network038精密导线测量precise traversing039三角高程测量trigonometric leveling040三角高程网trigonometric leveling network041铅垂线plumb line042天顶距zenith distance043高度角elevation angle，altitude angle044垂直折光差vertical refraction error045垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient 046国家水准网national leveling network047精密水准测量Precise leveling048水准面level surface049高程height050正高orthometric height051正常高normal height052力高dynamic height053地球位数geopotential number054水准点benchmark055水准路线leveling line056跨河水准测量river－crossing leveling057椭球长半径major radius of ellipsoid058椭球扁率flattening of ellipsoid059椭球偏心率eccentricity of ellipsoid060子午面meridian plane061子午圈meridian062卯酉圈prime vertical063平行圈parallel circle064法截面normal section065子午圈曲率半径radius of curvature in meridian066卯酉圈曲率半径radius of curvature in prime vertical067平均曲率半径mean radius of curvature068大地线geodesic069大地线微分方程differential equation of geodesic070大地坐标geodetic coordinate071大地经度geodetic longitude072大地纬度geodetic latitude073大地高geodetic height，ellipsoidal height074大地方位角geodetic azimuth075天文大地垂线偏差astro—geodetic deflection of the vertical076垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical077标高差改正correction for skew normals078截面差改正correction from normal section to geodetic 079大地主题正解direct solution of geodetic problem080大地主题反解inverse solution of geodetic problem081高斯中纬度公式Gauss mid—latitude formula082贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem 083高斯一克吕格投影Gauss－Kruger projection又称“高斯投影”。
FEKO使用指南
FEKO使用指南一、FEKO简介FEKO是德简FEldberechnung bei Korpern mit beliebiger Oberflache的简～意写思是任意简简简磁简简算～适用于简简形三简物的简磁简分析。
状体FEKO是一款用于3D简简磁简分析的工具。
提供多简核心算法～矩量构仿真它法;MoM,、多简快速多子方法;极MLFMM,、物理光法;学PO,、一致性简射理简;UTD,、有限元;FEM,、平面多简介简的格林函～以及简的混合算数它法高效简理各简不同的简简。
来FEKO界面主要有三简成部分,个CADFEKO、EDITFEKO、POSTFEKO。
CADFEKO用于建立何模型和格剖几网分。
文件简简器EDITFEKO用简置求解～简可以用命令定简何模型～形成来参数几一以个*.pre简后简的文件。
前简理器/剖分器POSTFEKO用简理来*.pre简后简的文件～并生成*.fek文件～即FEKO简简简算的代简～简可以用于在求解前简示它FEKO的几何模型、激源、所定简的近简点分布情以及求解后得到的简简和简流。
励况FEKO主要有以下典型简用,天简简简,简天简、喇叭和口天简、反射面天简、微简天简、相控简天简、螺旋天简径、等等～天简布局,简简上～天简简是在一简上的～简简改简天简的“自由空简”简射装个构会性能～EMC/EMI分析,由于MoM中简简需要散简流流简的表面～离FEKO非常适合各简简型的EMC仿真～平面微简天简,FEKO采用全波方法分析微简天简～可以精简得合、近简、简确耦简、简射方向简、简流分布、阻抗等～参数简简系简,FEKO与CableMod简合起～可以非常高效地简理系简中的简简简简束的来耦与耦合以及简简天简的合简简～SAR简算,不同介简域的简简可以简算出。
然后简些简简被用于简算简范参数区内来吸收比;SAR,～雷散射截面;达RCS,简算,简于大型目简、地面目简等的RCS雷散射截面达;目简简简,简算也通常是简大尺寸简简～同简～FEKO的混合高简算法简简简简简也有好的很简算效果。
fernaback稠密光流计算
fernaback稠密光流计算
Farneback稠密光流算法是一种用于计算图像序列中像素点运动矢量的方法。
它通过在相邻帧之间寻找对应关系，计算出像素点的位移矢量，从而得到稠密光流场。
具体来说，Farneback稠密光流算法的基本步骤如下：
1、初始化：选择一个参考帧和其后的一个或多个帧作为目标帧。
2、特征点检测：在参考帧和目标帧中分别检测特征点，例如使用SIFT、SURF等算法。
3、特征点匹配：根据特征点描述子进行匹配，将参考帧中的特征点与目标帧中的特征点对应起来。
4、光流计算：对于每个匹配的特征点对，使用Farneback光流公式计算光流矢量。
5、优化：对计算得到的光流场进行优化，例如使用RANSAC算法剔除误匹配点，提高光流场的准确性和鲁棒性。
6、结果输出：将优化后的光流场输出为运动矢量图或运动轨迹等可视化结果。
需要注意的是，Farneback稠密光流算法在计算过程中需要使用到相邻帧之间的对应关系，因此对于视频序列中的运动物体和场景变化有一定的适应性。
但是，由于其计算复杂度较高，对于大规模的视频序列或实时应用场景可能不太适用。
转载遥感数字图像处理复习题三
转载遥感数字图像处理复习题三[转载]遥感数字图像处理复习题(三)00第七章一、名词解释1.模板2.图像平滑3.椒盐噪声4.中值滤波5.同态滤波二、简答题（10）1.图像滤波的主要目的是什么？主要方法有哪些？2.图像噪声有哪些主要类型，主要特点是什么？3.如何理解中值滤波的不变性？4.什么是梯度倒数加权法平滑？5.什么是Laplacian算子？它有哪些特征？6.罗伯特梯度与Sobel梯度有什么区别？7.根据像素的梯度值生成不同的梯度图像的方法有哪些？8.定向检测的模板有哪些？9.频率域滤波的主要滤波器有哪些？各有什么特点？10. 同态滤波的基本操作有哪些？三、填空题（20）1.图像滤波的方法：（）和（）。
2.图像滤波操作是（）操作，通过图像的（）实现。
3.空间域图像滤波称为（）和（）处理，强调像素与其周围相邻像素的关系，常用的方法是（），但是随着采用的模板窗口的（），运算量会越来越（）。
4.在频率域滤波中，保留图像的低频部分抑制高频部分的处理称为（），起到（）作用。
保留图像的高频部分而削弱低频部分的处理称为（），起到（）作用。
低通滤波、平滑、高通滤波、锐化5.图像噪声按其产生的原因可分为（）和（）。
从统计理论观点可分为（）和（）噪声。
6.按噪声对图像的影响可分为（）噪声模型和（）噪声模型两大类。
加性噪声通常表现为（）噪声或（）噪声。
7.遥感图像中常见的噪声有：（）（）（）8.图像平滑滤波有：（）（）（）（）（）9.均值滤波是最常用的（）滤波器，它（）地对待邻域中的每个像素。
对于每个像素，取邻域像素值的（）作为该像素的新值。
10. 中值滤波与均值滤波的目的都是为了去除图像上的尖锐“（）”，（）图像。
11. 中值滤波可用来减弱（）干扰和（）干扰。
12. 图像锐化滤波有：（）（）（）（）。
13. 窗口（）影响着锐化的结果。
窗口（），越突出主要地物的边缘。
14. 定向检测的模板有（）、（）、（）三类。
15. 按照信号处理理论，根据滤除的频率的特征，滤波有三种：（）、（）、（）。
视线估计原理
视线估计原理下载温馨提示：该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by the editor. I hope that after you download them, they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types of practical materials, such as educational essays, diary appreciation, sentence excerpts, ancient poems, classic articles, topic composition, work summary, word parsing, copy excerpts,other materials and so on, want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!视线估计原理在现代科学技术领域中扮演着重要角色，它为我们提供了一种有效的方法来估计人类的视线方向。
CST使用技巧
© CST China - Shanghai -
单机RCS宏
Macros -> Solver -> RCS -> Calculate monostatic RCS(V2)
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© CST China - Shanghai -
© CST China - Shanghai -
构建贴片柱
选择Objects->Pick->Pick face ，双击贴片选中 选择Objects->Extrude ，输入拉伸高度10后确定，生成贴片柱
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© CST China - Shanghai -
构建圆柱体
先画一个半径＝5，高＝20的圆柱
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2004.11.12 电大报告会－北京站
© CST China - Shanghai -
构建贴片轮廓
选择Curves->New Curve
选择Curves->Polygon 标
，按ESC键，输入三角形轮廓坐
（其他任意形状的图形均可采用此方式输入）
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© CST China - Shanghai -
基本概念：网络理论
路理论 x(t)
H(ω)
y(t)
H(w) = F{ y(t) } / F{ x(t) }
场理论 a1(t)
S21(ω)
b2(t)
S21(ω) = F{ b2(t) } / F{ a1(t) }
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End If
Next i
ReDim monit_ff(nmon_ff)
nmon_ff = 0
For i=1 To nmon STEP 1
monit_type = Monitor.GetMonitorTypeFromIndex (i-1)
Dim newdirnumber As Integer
InitFilesAndDirectories newdir,modfile,datafile, newdirnumber
' Output files
ReDim filnam_RCSam(nmon_ff)
ReDim filnam_RCStheta(nmon_ff)
ph1 = RealVal(dlg1.ph1)
ph2 = RealVal(dlg1.ph2)
phstep = RealVal(dlg1.phstep)
'Variables
Dim filnam_RCSam() As String, filnam_RCStheta() As String, filnam_RCSphi() As String, filnam_Etot As String
TextBox 120,84,90,21,.phstep
OKButton 20,175,90,21
CancelButton 120,175,90,21
OptionGroup .eth_ph
OptionButton 240,35,90,14,"E-Theta",.OptionButton1
' 03-jul-2003 imu: added E-field plots + file containing all E-field results; switched backups off
' 30-jun-2003 imu: userdialog improved, corrected angle in farfieldplot.calculatepoint
Public freqs() As Double
Public sSolver As String
Sub Main()
' Determine existing farfield monitors
Dim monit_name As String, monit_type As String
Dim nmon As Integer ', nmon_ff As Integer, monit_ff() As Integer
ReDim filnam_RCSphi(nmon_ff)
ReDim filnam_Etheta(nmon_ff)
ReDim filnam_Ephi(nmon_ff)
ReDim filnam_EPhaseTheta(nmon_ff)
ReDim filnam_EPhasePhi(nmon_ff)
OptionButton 240,56,90,14,"E-phi",.OptionButton2
Text 240,84,50,14,"theta",.Text5
TextBox 290,84,90,21,.theta_fixed
PushButton 220,175,90,21,"Help",.Help
If (Dialog(dlg1)=0) Then Exit All
StoreParameter "phi_low" , dlg1.ph1
StoreParameter "phi_high", dlg1.ph2
StoreParameter "phi_step", dlg1.phstep
EndHide
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Option Explicit
'#include "vba_globals_all.lib"
Public p As Double, ph1 As Double, ph2 As Double, phstep As Double, ph_crt As Double, ttheta As Double
OptionButton 220,140,90,14,"I",.OptionButton5
End Dialog
Dim dlg1 As UserDialog
dlg1.theta_fixed = "75"
dlg1.ph1 = "-50"
dlg1.ph2 = "50"
dlg1.phstep = "2"
GroupBox 10,119,380,49,"Used Solver",.GroupBox2
OptionGroup .Solver
OptionButton 40,140,60,14,"T",.OptionButton3
OptionButton 130,140,90,14,"F",.OptionButton4
BeginHide
Begin Dialog UserDialog 410,203,"Monostatic RCS Calculation",.DialFunc ' %GRID:10,7,1,1
GroupBox 10,7,380,105,"Angle range for MonoRCS (degrees)",.GroupBox1
Dim i As Integer
nmon = Monitor.GetNumberOfMonitors
nmon_ff = 0
For i=1 To nmon STEP 1
monit_type = Monitor.GetMonitorTypeFromIndex (i-1)
If monit_type = "Farfield" Then
Public icrt As Integer, imax As Integer, i_theta_phi As Integer
Public newdir$, modfile$, datafile$
Public fileext As String
Public nmon_ff As Integer, monit_ff() As Integer
filnam_RCSam(i) = datafile +"\RCS_am^" + monit_name +"_pw.txt"
filnam_RCStheta(i) = datafile +"\RCS_theta^" + monit_name +"_pw.txt"
filnam_RCSphi(i) = datafile +"\RCS_phi^" + monit_name +"_pw.txt"
Select Case dlg1.Solver
Case 0
sSolver = "T"
Case 1
sSolver = "F"
Case 2
sSolver = "I"
End Select
ttheta = RealVal(dlg1.theta_fixed)
i_theta_phi = dlg1.eth_ph
filnam_Etheta(i) = datafile +"\Etheta^" + monit_name +"_pw.txt"
filnam_Ephi(i) = datafile +"\Ephi^" + monit_name +"_pw.txt"
filnam_EPhaseTheta(i)= datafile +"\EPhaseTheta^" + monit_name +"_pw.txt"
' *Farfield / Calculate monostatic RCS
' !!! Do not change the line above !!!
'
' macro.956
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
If monit_type = "Farfield" Then
monit_name = Monitor.GetMonitorNameFromIndex (i-1)
nmon_ff = nmon_ff+1
monit_ff(nmon_ff) = i-1
End If
Next i
If nmon_ff = 0 Then
MsgBox "Error: No farfield monitors are defined! Monostatic RCS Calculation aborted. "