09高考英语最新时事热点作文预测4

度米作文汇编之预测09年高考英语作文话题社会热点类

度米作文汇编之预测09年高考英语作文话题：社会热点类内容概述：上过高考基础和强化的同学，最近更新的一些有价值的参考文章已经放在公共邮箱了，是我总结出的2009年易考题目以及参考范文，希望对大家有帮助。

从2006年开始的高考英语陕西自主命题卷，题目都是以和学生紧密联系的校园生活和日常生活为主（2006年假期在家呆着还是出去旅游，2007年做兼职与否，2008年班级读报日活动），今年这个继续是重点。

另外，个人认为今年应该加上特别受关注的社会生活话题（奥运，环保等）。

所以，近期我会继续给大家列出经典题目以及范文，陆续在公共邮箱给出，请大家前去下载、参考、吸收、背诵。

上过高考基础和强化的同学，最近更新的一些有价值的参考文章已经放在公共邮箱了，是我总结出的2009年易考题目以及参考范文，希望对大家有帮助。

从2006年开始的高考英语陕西自主命题卷，题目都是以和学生紧密联系的校园生活和日常生活为主（2006年假期在家呆着还是出去旅游，2007年做兼职与否，2008年班级读报日活动），今年这个继续是重点。

另外，个人认为今年应该加上特别受关注的社会生活话题（奥运，环保等）。

所以，近期我会继续给大家列出经典题目以及范文，陆续在公共邮箱给出，请大家前去下载、参考、吸收、背诵。

这期题目包括：1 idol worship2 how to reduce study pressure3 how to plan the coming summer vacation4 anxiety before exam5 advertisement6 white pollution建议大家先写或者选几个写了，再对照我的范文，这样可能效果会更好。

最近，很多考生很焦虑，害怕考试，怕自己考得不好。

包括大学的同学们（我在交大的学生也这样），有畏考情绪，常常消息和电话抱怨自己学不进去。

我记得自己在学生的时候也有这种感觉，越是害怕越焦虑，复习的效果越是不好。

09全国卷英语作文

09全国卷英语作文Ladies and gentlemen,Today, I am here to talk about a topic that is of utmost importance to all of us - the importance of environmental protection. The environment is the foundation of our existence and the source of our life. However, with the rapid development of industry and the ever-increasing population, the environment is facing severe challenges.Firstly, air pollution has become a serious issue in many cities. The excessive emission of harmful gases fromfactories and vehicles has led to a decline in air quality, posing a threat to human health. Secondly, water pollution is another pressing concern. The discharge of industrial waste and domestic sewage into rivers and lakes has resulted in the deterioration of water quality, affecting aquatic life and human consumption.To address these issues, it is imperative that we take immediate action. Governments should enact and enforcestricter regulations on industrial emissions and waste disposal. Companies should adopt green technologies and practices to minimize their environmental impact. Moreover, individuals should also play their part by reducing waste, recycling, and conserving energy.In conclusion, environmental protection is a collectiveresponsibility that requires the efforts of everyone. By working together, we can ensure a cleaner, healthier, andmore sustainable future for ourselves and generations to come. Thank you for your attention.。

高考英语热点预测优秀作文十篇

2009届高考英语热点预测优秀作文十篇1.某对外发行的英文报纸对中国群众体育现状进行了调查，请根据下列图表和所给提示，用英语写一篇报道，以便向该报投稿。

说明：1．体质下降；2．应充分认识体育锻炼的重要性；3．采取措施，提供人们锻炼的场地和器材（facilities ）；4．字数：120 — 140. 报道的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Recently, we have made a survey of the people on physical training. Only 35 percent of the people surveyed have taken part in physical activities.Over half of the people say they haven’t got enough time to take exercises. 34.9 percent of them complain they don’t have places w here they can relax themselves and that there are not enough training facilities, while another 12.9 percent of the people feel that they live too faraway from the training centers. Some of them even don’t know how to train.For lack of physical training, many people are not in good health. People should realize the importance of it, and measures should be taken to provide people with training facilities.2．以下是某英文报联合你校对你市（Kangming City）1998年到2008年家庭消费变化的图表，请据此写一篇短文，作一文字说明。

2010高考英语最新时事热点作文预测

2009高考英语最新时事热点作文预测一：翟志刚首次太空行走热点1：翟志刚首次太空行走2008年9月25日，中国成功地将三人小组送入太空，其中航天员翟志刚在太空首次行走，这是我国自2003年以来最具有挑战性的太空任务。

请简单介绍此次"神舟七号"的有关情况。

内容包括：1.这是一次具有历史使命的飞行，而且技术上的成果基本都是我国自主研发的。

2.这次的任务主要是太空行走，它将有助于中国在未来几年内建立中国的第一个空间站。

注意：载人飞船manned spaceship/spacecraft 出舱活动an extra-vehicular activity空间站space station参考例文：Shenzhou-Ⅶ，which was shot up into space on September 25，returned to Earth three days later，having completed its historic mission.It is the country's most challenging space mission since 2003.The main mission is to carry out the space walk，known as an extra-vehicular activity，or EV A，which is expected to help China master the technology to create it's first space station in the next few years. During the traveling，Zhai Zhigang，one of the three astronauts on board Shenzhou-Ⅶ，stepped out of the capsule and conducted the historic space walk. Most importantly，all along China has relied heavily on homegrown technology. The Shenzhou-7 mission marks a historic breakthrough in China's manned space program. It represents the comprehensive strength of our nation.热点2：北京奥运经过运动员们16天的激烈拼搏，第29 届奥运会于2008年8月24日在北京落下帷幕。

2009年高考英语最新热点写作预测

2009年高考英语最新热点写作预测热点1：翟志刚首次太空行走2008年9月25日，中国成功地将三人小组送入太空，其中航天员翟志刚在太空首次行走，这是我国自2003年以来最具有挑战性的太空任务。

请简单介绍此次"神舟七号"的有关情况。

内容包括：1.这是一次具有历史使命的飞行，而且技术上的成果基本都是我国自主研发的。

2.这次的任务主要是太空行走，它将有助于中国在未来几年内建立中国的第一个空间站。

注意：载人飞船manned spaceship/spacecraft出舱活动an extra-vehicular activity空间站space station参考例文：Shenzhou-Ⅶ，which was shot up into space on September 25，returned to Earth three days later，having completed its historic mission.It is the country's most challenging space mission since 2003.The main mission is to carry out the space walk，known as an extra-vehicular activity，or EVA，which is expected to help China master the technology to create it's first space station in the next few years. During the traveling，Zhai Zhigang，one of the three astronauts on board Shenzhou-Ⅶ，stepped out of the capsule and conducted the historic space walk. Most importantly，all along China has relied heavily on homegrown technology. The Shenzhou-7 mission marks a historic breakthrough in China's manned space program. It represents the comprehensive strength of our nation.2009高考英语最新时事热点作文预测二：北京奥运热点2：北京奥运经过运动员们16天的激烈拼搏，第29 届奥运会于2008年8月24日在北京落下帷幕。

09高考英语最新时事热点作文预测4

2009高考英语最新时事热点作文预测四：奥运会获奖运动员的高薪问题热点4：奥运会获奖运动员的高薪问题近几年，奥运会获奖运动员的高薪问题引起了广泛的社会关注.有些人支持这种做法,认为运动员们付出了很多努力，应该得到回报；有些人则持反对意见。

请你就此写一篇100词左右的英语短文并发表自己的看法。

参考例文：In recent years，the topic whether it is fair for athletes to pocket large sums of money has aroused more and more discussion。

Those who support giving sportsmen high salaries think that athletes have won a great reputation for our country in the Olympic Games. What's more，athletes must undergo painstaking physical and psychological training. Besides，they offer a lot of encouragement to young people to take part in physical activities。

However，some people have different ideas。

They consider that athletes do little to boost the national economy directly。

Thus they should not receive so much money。

I believe that they should get high salaries，considering all the efforts they have made。

名师预测2009年高考英语写作热点题目

定时练习查漏补缺09年高考英语复习四点建议教育部考试中心刚刚颁发2009年高考《考试大纲》，这里就高考英语复习给出一些建议。

一、巩固基础，不丢掉该得到的每一分知识的巩固是考试取得好成绩的基本保障。

通过六年的学习，同学们应该已经获得了大量的语言知识、语用知识、句法知识以及语法知识，但所学知识的掌握情况存在着较大的个体差异。

从平时练习及一模试卷分析可见有相当数量的同学对于基础知识的掌握还不够熟练，还没有达到能够灵活运用的程度，因此在考试中分不清考点与干扰项，丢掉了本来应该得到的分。

为了避免上述情况在高考中出现，在最后的两个多月的复习中，应就基础知识部分的复习加大力度：结合教材，反复复习考纲中要求掌握的词汇、句法结构、语法要点。

复习手段不应只是“观其形”，而应该是“眼看、心想、口诵、手写”，力求“眼前一棵树，心中一片林”。

如在复习as一词时，应该想到：作介词时，它与like的区别；它作连词引导时间状语从句时的基本用法以及与when，while等引导的时间状语从句有什么区别？它作连词引导原因状语从句时的基本用法，以及与si nce，nowthat，because等引导的原因状语从句有什么区别？它作连词引导让步状语从句时的基本用法，以及与though，although引导的让步状语从句有什么区别？它作连词引导方式状语从句时有哪些基本用法？它作关系代词时能引导哪些从句？它引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句分别有哪些条件？在每想到一个问题之同时如能用例句进行复习和巩固，埋藏在脑海深处的诸多知识将能得到激活，从而达到熟练掌握、灵活运用。

二、定时练习，提高高考应试的技巧针对高考题型，定时练习是提高高考应试能力和技巧的必要环节。

如能每天定时完成一定量的分项练习，如语法、完型或阅读，不但能通过熟悉题型提高单位时间内的做题效率，同时还能更加准确、高效地捕捉考点，从而减轻压力，达到考试时的正常发挥。

建议时间：听力20分钟，英语知识运用（包括单项填空和完型填空）25分钟，阅读理解35分钟，写作（包括短文改错和书面表达）40分钟。

高考英语作文最新热点练习

上周，联合国安理会授权各国在混乱的索马里水域采取行动，遏制亚丁湾猖獗的海盗袭击。
热点3：翟志刚首次太空行走
2008年9月25日，中国成功地将三人小组送入太空，其中航天员翟志刚在太空首次行走，这是我国自2003年以来最具有挑战性的太空任务。请简单介绍此次"神舟七号"的有关情况。内容包括：
1.这是一次具有历史使命的飞行，而且技术上的成果基本都是我国自主研发的。
The historic moment will be broadcast live across the world, and the space environment is expected to be fine for the mission.
The Shenzhou-7, carrying three taikonauts, will be launched on a Long-March II-F carrier rocket and then moved into orbit at an altitude of 343 kilometers.
The whole thing was one big scheme. Everything was great when houses were selling like hot cakes and their values go up every month. Lenders made it easier to borrow money，and the higher demand drove up house values. Higher house values means that lenders could lend out even bigger mortgages，and it also gave lenders some protection against foreclosures. All of this translates into more money for the lenders，insurers，and investors. Unfortunately，many borrowers got slammed when their adjustable mortgage finally adjusted. When too many of them couldn‘t afford to make their payments，it causes these lenders to suffer from liquidity issue and to sit on more foreclosures than they could sell. Mortgage-backed securities became more risky and worth less causing investment firms like Lehman Brothers to suffer.

2019-09年高考英语作文题目预测-word范文 (1页)

2019-09年高考英语作文题目预测-word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==09年高考英语作文题目预测预测1: 刘翔退赛在201X年北京奥运会上,中国著名运动员刘翔因腿伤退出比赛,引起人们的广泛争议,下面是腾讯网站的一项调查：运动员受伤后,应该坚持还是应该退出?选项名称投票数百分比趋势应该退出,健康比金钱重要22229234.77%上升运动场就是战场,刘翔应该坚持12375219.36%上升请你结合上表,写一篇英语短文,谈谈自己的看法.In the Beijing 201X Olympic Games Chinese athlete Liu Xiang dropped out of the race due to his foot injury , which led to a heated discussion among people across the country .According to a survey conducted by Tencent Website , about 34% of the people think an athlete should quit the race when injured since health is much more important than a gold medal ; While nearly 20% of the netizens believe that an injured athlete should hold on to the end instead of giving up halfway . They regard the sport field as a battlefield in which every athlete should fight for the honor of his or her country in spite of any difficulty .。

09综合年高考英语作文题目预测

09综合年高考英语作文题目预测D请你结合上表,写一篇英语短文,谈谈自己的看法.In the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Chinese athlete Liu Xiang dropped out of the race due to his foot injury, which led to a heated discussion among people across the country.According to a survey conducted by Tencent Website, about 34% of the people think an athlete should quit the race when injured since health is much more important than a gold medal; While nearly 20% of the netizens believe that an injured athlete should hold on to the end instead of giving up halfway. They regard the sport field as a battlefield in which every athlete should fight for the honor of his or her country in spite of any difficulty.In my opinion, it’s a right choice for Liu Xiang to choose to quit the race. For one thing, nothing is more important than healthand sports doesn’t mean sacrificing one’s health for a gold medal; for another, after Liu Xiang recovers fully, he still has many chances to realize his dream.预测2:北京奥运经过运动员们16天的激烈拼搏,第29 届奥运会于2008年8月24日在北京落下帷幕.中国运动员发挥出色,获得了51枚金牌,为中国赢得了巨大的荣誉.奥运会期间,有很多值得我们回味的地方.你作为一名中学生—李华,围绕奥运会对人类的影响,谈一下自己的看法,题目自拟.注意:词数120左右.What a Great Olympic Games!The 29th Olympic Games has been over in Beijing, China on August 24,2008, which has left a great impression on the whole world. About 204 countries and regions attended the Olympic Games. In the Games, our Chinese athletes have won 51 gold medals, whileAmerica,36; Russia,23. This is the first time that we, Chinese athletes have won so many gold medals in one Olympic Games, which means our sports games belong to the first class in the world!It is our athletes’ intelligence and other qualities that have won the great honor for us Chinese all! Days when we were looked down upon have gone forever! From the very Games, we have proved that our government has the ability to hold the Olympic Games successfully! Not only can we hold the Olympic Games well, but also we can perform well. The fact has showed everything to the world! It is the successful 29th Olympic Games that destroys the saying of those who doubted about it days ago! What a great, successful and impressive Olympic Games!预测3: 翟志刚首次太空行走2008年9月25日,中国成功地将三人小组送入太空,其中航天员翟志刚在太空首次行走,这是我国自2003年以来最具有挑战性的太空任务.请简单介绍此次“神舟七号”的有关情况.内容包括:1.这是一次具有历史使命的飞行,而且技术上的成果基本都是我国自主研发的.2.这次的任务主要是太空行走,它将有助于中国在未来几年内建立中国的第一个空间站.注意:载人飞船mannedspaceship/spacecraft; 出舱活动anextra-vehicular activity;空间站space stationShenzhou-Ⅶ, which was shot up into space on September 25,returned to Earth three days later, having completed its historic mission.It is the country’s most challenging space mission since 2003.The main mission is to carry out the space walk, known as anextra-vehicular activity, or EVA, which is expected to help China master the technology to create it’s first space station in the next few years. During the traveling, Zhai Zhigang, one of the three astronauts on board Shenzhou-Ⅶ,stepped out of the capsule and conducted the historic space walk. Most importantly, all along China has relied heavily on homegrown technology. The Shenzhou-7 mission marks a historic breakthrough in China’s manned space program. It represents the comprehensive strength of our nation.预测4：高三备考复习效率在紧张的高三备考阶段，英语老师为了提高复习效率，广泛征求学生意见。

2009年高考英语书面表达热点话题

2009年高考英语书面表达热点话题图画类押题【押题1】假设你叫李华，在你居住的小区有很多乱涂乱写的现象，有人在此做广告，有人在这里画画，甚至骂人。

请你根据下图内容，结合生活实际，给中国日报China Daily写一篇文章反映这种现象，说明自己对这一现象的看法，并提出解决办法。

注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；2.准确使用语法和词汇，使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思；3. 词数：100个左右。

开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear editor,What the picture shows is just a common scene in the neighborhoods where we live, whether it is in city or in town. Public places are now made too much use of by people._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours sincerely,Li Hua【押题理由】本篇看图作文针砭时弊，反映我们现实生活中的不良现象。

话题新颖，要求学生描述图画中的现象，并发表自己的看法，对考生组织文字材料和写作的能力要求都比较高。

【精彩范文】Dear editor,What the picture shows is just a common scene in the neighborhoods where we live, whether it is in city or in town. Public places are now made too much use of by people. Some make drawings or practising their handwriting on walls in these places to show their talents or for fun. Some take advantage of such public places to make free advertisements. Others even put dirty words in these places to curse those whom they don’t like.In my point of view, measures should be taken by local administration organizations to keep public places tidy, clean and well preserved. On the other hand, people should mind their behaviors. As we know, the image of a neighborhood ora city is reflected especially in public places. The practices above spoil our living environment and the impression on travelers to our hometown.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【好词、典句背诵】①Some take advantage of such public places to make free advertisements.②Others even put dirty words in these places to curse those whom they don’t like.③In my point of view, measures should be taken by local administration organizations to keep public places tidy, clean and well preserved.【押题2】假设你校举行题为“网吧的危害（Harmful Influence of Cyber Centers）”的征文活动。

2009高考书面表达预测及必背范文

2009高考书面表达预测及必背范文文字提示类◎仿真试题：有毒食品致病甚至致死的事例经常见诸报端，目前三鹿奶粉更是闹得人心惶惶。

现请你以“Let’s all go out for food safety”为标题根据下表提示完成一篇短文。

注意：①避免直译，要求层次清楚，内容连贯。

②字数120字左右。

参考词汇：添加剂addictive 严厉地severely 监督员supervisor 消费者consumer_____________________________________ _____________________________________ _________________Let us all go out for food safetyIt is frequently reported that poisonous food causes deaths. Sanlu Milk Powder is a good example at present. Therefore, food safety had been drawing the public’s great attention.Food problems mainly lie in the two factors. On the one hand, some food producers lack social conscience. Centeringon money, they produce lots of fake and junk food; On the other hand, other producers are short of common sense on food safety, thus poison and addictive abuse pollutes food.For the sake of health, we must take food safety seriously. Firstly, food producers shall pay more attention to food quality, and they are required to care about food safety as well as profits; Secondly, food supervisors shall operate strict food standards and punish the ill producers severely. Lastly, consumers had better go to regular markets to choose green food.◎仿真试题：假定你是李华，2009上海世博会现正在招募志愿者。

09全国卷英语作文

09全国卷英语作文With the rapid development of technology, its influence on various aspects of our lives has become increasingly evident. One of the most significant areas where technology has left a profound mark is education. This essay will explore the impact of technology on education, discussing both its advantages and challenges.Firstly, technology has greatly enhanced the accessibility of education. Online courses and digital resources have made it possible for students from all over the world to access high-quality educational content regardless of their location. This has been particularly beneficial for those living in remote areas or those with limited mobility.Secondly, the use of technology in the classroom has transformed the way teachers teach and students learn. Interactive whiteboards, educational software, and digital textbooks have made learning more engaging and interactive. Students can now visualize complex concepts, conduct research online, and collaborate with their peers more effectively.However, the integration of technology in education also presents certain challenges. One of the main concerns is the digital divide, where students from less privileged backgrounds may not have equal access to technological resources. This can lead to disparities in educational outcomes and exacerbate existing inequalities.Additionally, there is the issue of information overload. With the vast amount of information available online, it can be overwhelming for students to discern credible sources from unreliable ones. This requires a new set of skills for students to navigate the digital landscape effectively.In conclusion, technology has revolutionized the field of education, offering numerous opportunities for enhancing the learning experience. However, it is crucial to address the challenges that come with it, such as the digital divide and information overload, to ensure that technology benefits all students equally. As we move forward, it is essential for educators, policymakers, and technologists to work together to harness the power of technology for the betterment of education for all.。

09全国卷英语作文

09全国卷英语作文The world is changing at an unprecedented pace, and as a result, so is our society. With advancements in technology and globalization, we are now more connected than ever before. However, with this connectivity comes a new set of challenges and opportunities.One of the most pressing issues facing our society today is climate change. The effects of global warming are becoming increasingly apparent, with rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and the loss of biodiversity. It is imperative that we take action to address this issue, both as individuals and as a global community.Another challenge facing our society is income inequality. Despite the progress made in recent years, there is still a significant gap between the rich and poor. This not only affects individuals and their families, but also has wider implications for our economy and society as a whole.On a more positive note, the advancements in technology have brought about incredible opportunities. From the internet to social media, we now have access to a wealth of information and resources at our fingertips. This has the potential to revolutionize education, healthcare, and many other areas.Finally, as our society becomes more diverse, it is important that we embrace and celebrate our differences. Whether it is race, gender, or sexual orientation, we must work towards creating a more inclusive and accepting society for all.In conclusion, our society is facing a range of challenges and opportunities. It is up to us to work together to address these issues and create a better future for ourselves and future generations.。

高考预测英语书面表达(5)

2009年高考预测：英语书面表达(5)2009年4月22日，第63届联合国大会一致通过决议，决定将今后每年的4月22日定为“世界地球日”。

请根据提示，结合实际，以Making Every Day Earth Day为题写一篇短文。

词数120左右。

提示： 1. 地球的现状和存在的问题；2. 人们在“地球日”这天用什么行动关爱地球；3. 号召人们把每一天都当作地球日，天天关爱地球。

【范文精选】One possible version:Now the earth is in bad condition. For example, in some places, the air and water pollution is so serious that it causes many deaths. At the same time, many animals and plants are in danger because of the destruction of their habitats.Luckily, we human beings have realized the problem. On April 22nd, millions of people across the world do something good for the earth. Some clean up beaches and water, some pick up rubbish, others give speeches to call on more people to take action. But can we save the earth only by one day’s work? The future of our planet depends on our efforts. What we should do is to make every day Earth Day. Only by taking good care of it every day can we hope to live in harmony with nature.。

09年高考英语作文题目最新预测

09年高考英语作文题目预测1. 书面表达热点预猜（1）假设你是李红，你的一位美国笔友Robert写E-mail问及你高考后暑假的安排，请根据以下要点，写一封100词左右的email回复他, 可以适当增加细节。

1. 学开车2. 参加英语培训课程3. 去北京看奥运会4. 游览北京的名胜注意：1.根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。

2.要准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思；3. 词数：100个左右。

开头已给出，不计词数。

Dear Robert,How time flies! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 【命题方向与写作提示】高考英语书面表达写作素材都是与中学生的日常生活相关的话题，会避免出现考生不熟悉的话题，也不会出现农村或城市学生不熟悉的话题，注重考查考生的语言表达能力。

本篇素材考查书信体裁的作文，是应用文的写作，话题涉及社会热点：北京奥运会，内容与中学生的实际生活相关：高考后暑假的安排，体裁是书信体的电子邮件。

写作要点包括：1）问候；2）引入话题：高考临近，高考后的安排；3）学开车；4）参加英语培训课程；5）去北京看奥运会；6）游览北京的名胜；7）结束语。

09高考英语热点基础写作范例7篇

09 高考英语热点基础写作范例 7 篇直击 09 高考――英语热点基础写作范例 7 篇 1 假如你是李华，每天上学看到校园四周有许多小商贩在卖菜、卖鱼、卖肉等。

他们的叫卖声影响到了学生们的学习，而且还把街道弄得很脏、很臭，交通也不畅通。

请你写一封信给《中国日报》的编辑，反映以上情况，并希望目前情况得到改善。

【写作内容】1．反映校外集市存在的问题；2．建议有关部门采取措施，严格管理市场。

【写作要求】1．必须使用 5 个句子表达全部的内容；2．信的开头和结尾已给出；3．信的格式正确，写信时间是 2008 年 4 月 10 日；4．采用记叙文书信格式，第一人称，一般现在时。

【参考词汇】小贩–；编辑—【评分标准】句子结构的准确性和复杂度；信息内容的完整性和连贯性。

10,2008,,’_______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________,?,。