电脑控制器中英文对照
计算机硬件英汉对照
A/D--> 模拟/数据Address bus--> 地址总线ALT=Alternate--> 转换键/更改/更动ALT=Alteration Switch--> 转换开关AMD=Advanced Micro Devices Inc. --> 高级微设备公司AMI=American Megatrends Inc. --> 美国米格特雷德公司AGP=Accelerated Graphics Port --> 图形加速端口API=Application Program Interface --> 应用程序接口APM=Advanced Power Driver --> 高级动力驱动器ASCII=American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换用标准码BIN --> 收集器/二进制BIOS=Basic Input/Output System --> 基本输入输出系统Bit --> 位Block --> 模块BS=Backspace --> 退格键Cache --> 高速缓存CD=Compact Disc --> 致密盘，光盘CGA=Colour Graphic Adapter --> 彩色图形显示器CHCP=Display The Active Code Page Number --> 显示活动模式页码数Chips --> 芯片Clock Freq 时钟频率CMOS=Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor --> 互补型金属氧化物半导体CN=Connector --> 连接器Columns --> 列Com=Concatenation of Merge Way--> 串行口Control lines --> 控制线Controller --> 控制器Copyright --> 版权CPU=Central Processing Unit --> 中央处理器CRT=Circuits --> 电路CRT=Cathode Ray Tube --> 阴极射线管CTRL=Control --> 控制/控制键Cylinder --> 磁柱面Cyrix--->西列克斯公司DAta Bus --->数据总线Daughterboard--->子板3 -Ds= 3-Dimension studio --->三维绘图工作室DEL=Delete --->删除键DHCP=Dynamic Handle Configrue Processor--->动态配置处理器DM=Disk Manager --->磁盘管理器DMA=Direct Memory Access --->存储器直接存取（访问）DOT=Device Operating Terminal--->设备操作终端DPMI=Data Processing Memory Information--->数据处理内存信息DRAM=Dynamic Random-Access Memory--->动态随机存储器DRV=Drive --->驱动器DSP=Digital Signal Processor --->数字信号处理器EGA=Enhanced Graphic Adapter--->增强型图形显示器EMM=Expanded Memory Management--->扩展内存管理EMS=Expanded Memory System --->扩展内存系统EMS=Expanded Memory Specification --->扩展内存规范Encoded Keyboard --->编码键盘EROM=Erasable Read Only Memory--->可擦除只读存储器ESC=Escape --->退出键/退出系统ESDI=Enhanced Small Device Interface--->增强型小型设备界面（接口）FDD=Floppy Disk Drive --->软驱FPU=Floating Point Unit --->浮点处理器（数学协处理器）GB=Gigabyte --->千兆字节Gold Finger--->金插脚HDD=Hard Disk Light-emitting diode--->硬盘指示灯（发光二极管）Head--->磁头HPM=Hyper-Page-Mode--->超页模式IBM=International Business Machines Corporation--->国际商业机器公司ID=Identifier--->标识符ID=Inside Diameter--->内径IDE=Insede Diameter Enhanced--->内部直径增强接口INS=Insert--->插入行/插入键Intel--->英特尔公司Interleave--->交叉（存取）因子Intersections--->内部结点I/O=Input/Output---->输入输出IRC=Interrupt Controller--->中断控制IRQ=Interrupt Require --->中断请求Joysticks--->操纵杆JP(Jumper)--->跳线JCP=Jumper Channel Port--->跳通道线端KB=Kilobytes--->千字节KB=Keyboard--->键盘Land Zone Cylinder--->焊盘存储区磁柱面LASER=Light Amplification By Stimulation Emission Of Eadiation--->激光/镭射LPT=Line Parrallel Tandem--->并行口Mainboard--->主板MAP=Microprocessor Application Project--->微处理机应用计划Master Clock--->主时钟MCI=Media Control Interface--->媒体控制接口MIDI=Musecal Instrument Digital Interface--->乐器数字接口Modem=Modulator and Demodulator--->调制解调器Motherboard--->母板MPU=Micro-Processor(Processing) Unit--->微处理器MS=Microsoft---->微软MS=Memory System/Main Storage--->内存/主存NMOS=Negative Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor--->阴极金属氧化物半导体NT=New Technology--->新技术NTAS=New Technology Advanced Server--->新技术超级服务器NTFS=New Technology File System--->新科技文件系统PC=Private Compatible Machine--->个人兼容机PCI=Peripheral Component Interconnect--->外围元件互连PDI=Program Device Information--->程序设备信息PDQ=Parrallel Data Query--->并行数据查询Peripherals--->外设PgDn=Page Down--->向下翻页PgUp=Page Up--->向上翻页Pins--->插脚PMOS=Positive Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor--->阳极金属氧化物半导体Power--->电源Precompensation Cylinder--->预补偿磁柱面Printer--->打印机/打印PROM=Programmable Read Only Memory--->可编程序只读存储器RAM=Random-Access Memory--->随机存储器/内存RBS=Remote Boot Service--->远程引导（启动）服务Regulator--->调整器Reset--->复位/复位键REV.=Revision--->版本号RISC=Reduced Instruction Set Computer--->精减指令集计算机系统ROM=Read Only Memory--->只读存储器Rows--->行RTC=Real Time Clock--->实时钟SB=Sound Blaster--->有声装置/声卡SCSI=Small Computer System Interface--->小型计算机系统界面（接口）Sector--->扇区Selector--->选择器SFT=Shifter--->换档键SIMM（Single-In-Line Memory Modules）--->单列直插式内存模块SL=Slot--->插槽SMM(System Management Mode)--->系统管理模式SPK=Speaker--->喇叭SRAM(System Random Access Memory)--->系统随机访问存储器SW=Switch--->开关SYS=System--->系统Tag RAM--->标记随机存储器TM=Trade Mark--->商标Track--->磁道UPS=Uninterruptible Power System--->连续供电电源系统UPS=Uninterruptible Power Supply--->不间断供电电源VB=Vision Blaster--->视霸卡VCC=Volt Current Condenser--->电源电位Video Display Generator--->视频显示器VGA=Video Graphic Adapter--->视频图形显示器计算机常用英语术语、词汇表Computer Vocabulary In Common Use一、硬件类(Hardware)二、软件类(Software)三、网络类(Network)四、其它CPU(Center Processor Unit)中央处理单元mainboard主板RAM(random accessmemory)随机存储器(内存)ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器Floppy Disk软盘Hard Disk硬盘CD-ROM光盘驱动器(光驱)monitor监视器keyboard键盘mouse鼠标chip芯片CD-R光盘刻录机HUB集线器Modem= MOdulator-DEModulator,调制解调器P-P(Plug and Play)即插即用UPS(Uninterruptable Power Supply)不间断电源BIOS(Basic-input-OutputSystem)基本输入输出系统CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)互补金属氧化物半导体setup安装uninstall卸载wizzard向导OS(Operation Systrem)操作系统OA(Office AutoMation)办公自动化exit退出edit编辑copy复制cut剪切paste粘贴delete删除select选择find查找select all全选replace替换undo撤消redo重做program程序license许可(证)back前一步next下一步finish结束folder文件夹Destination Folder目的文件夹user用户click点击double click双击right click右击settings设置update更新release发布data数据data base数据库DBMS(Data Base ManegeSystem)数据库管理系统view视图insert插入object对象configuration配置command命令document文档POST(power-on-self-test)电源自检程序cursor光标attribute属性icon图标service pack服务补丁option pack功能补丁Demo演示short cut快捷方式exception异常debug调试previous前一个column行row列restart重新启动text文本font字体size大小scale比例interface界面function函数access访问manual指南active激活computer language计算机语言menu菜单GUI(graphical userinterfaces )图形用户界面template模版page setup页面设置password口令code密码print preview打印预览zoom in放大zoom out缩小pan漫游cruise漫游full screen全屏tool bar工具条status bar状态条ruler标尺table表paragraph段落symbol符号style风格execute执行graphics图形image图像Unix用于服务器的一种操作系统Mac OS苹果公司开发的操作系统OO(Object-Oriented)面向对象virus病毒file文件open打开colse关闭new新建save保存exit退出clear清除default默认LAN局域网WAN广域网Client/Server客户机/服务器ATM( AsynchronousTransfer Mode)异步传输模式Windows NT微软公司的网络操作系统Internet互联网WWW(World Wide Web)万维网protocol协议HTTP超文本传输协议FTP文件传输协议Browser浏览器homepage主页Webpage网页website网站URL在Internet的WWW服务程序上用于指定信息位置的表示方法Online在线Email电子邮件ICQ网上寻呼Firewall防火墙Gateway网关HTML超文本标识语言hypertext超文本hyperlink超级链接IP(Address)互联网协议(地址)SearchEngine搜索引擎TCP/IP用于网络的一组通讯协议Telnet远程登录IE(Internet Explorer)探索者(微软公司的网络浏览器) Navigator引航者(网景公司的浏览器)multimedia多媒体ISO国际标准化组织ANSI美国国家标准协会able 能activefile 活动文件addwatch 添加监视点allfiles 所有文件allrightsreserved 所有的权力保留altdirlst 切换目录格式andfixamuchwiderrangeofdiskproblems 并能够解决更大范围内的磁盘问题andotherinFORMation 以及其它的信息archivefileattribute 归档文件属性assignto 指定到autoanswer 自动应答autodetect 自动检测autoindent 自动缩进autosave 自动存储availableonvolume 该盘剩余空间badcommand 命令错badcommandorfilename 命令或文件名错batchparameters 批处理参数binaryfile 二进制文件binaryfiles 二进制文件borlandinternational borland国际公司bottommargin 页下空白bydate 按日期byextension 按扩展名byname 按名称bytesfree 字节空闲callstack 调用栈casesensitive 区分大小写causespromptingtoconfirmyouwanttooverwritean 要求出现确认提示,在你想覆盖一个centralpointsoftwareinc central point 软件股份公司changedirectory 更换目录changedrive 改变驱动器changename 更改名称characterset 字符集checkingfor 正在检查checksadiskanddisplaysastatusreport 检查磁盘并显示一个状态报告chgdrivepath 改变盘/路径china 中国chooseoneofthefollowing 从下列中选一项clearall 全部清除clearallbreakpoints 清除所有断点clearsanattribute 清除属性clearscommandhistory 清除命令历史clearscreen 清除屏幕closeall 关闭所有文件codegeneration 代码生成colorpalette 彩色调色板commandline 命令行commandprompt 命令提示符compressedfile 压缩文件configuresaharddiskforusewithmsdos 配置硬盘,以为 MS-DOS 所用conventionalmemory 常规内存copiesdirectoriesandsubdirectoriesexceptemptyones 拷贝目录和子目录,空的除外copiesfileswiththearchiveattributeset 拷贝设置了归档属性的文件copiesoneormorefilestoanotherlocation 把文件拷贝或搬移至另一地方copiesthecontentsofonefloppydisktoanother 把一个软盘的内容拷贝到另一个软盘上copydiskette 复制磁盘copymovecompfindrenamedeletevervieweditattribwordpprintlist C拷贝M移动 O比 F搜索R改名 D删除 V版本 E浏览A属性 W写字 P打印 L列表copyrightc 版权(ccreatedospartitionorlogicaldosdrive 创建DOS分区或逻辑DOS驱动器createextendeddospartition 创建扩展DOS分区createlogicaldosdrivesintheextendeddospartition 在扩展DOS分区中创建逻辑DOS驱动器createprimarydospartition 创建DOS主分区createsadirectory 创建一个目录createschangesordeletesthevolumelabelofadisk 创建,改变或删除磁盘的卷标currentfile 当前文件currentfixeddiskdrive 当前硬盘驱动器currentsettings 当前设置currenttime 当前时间cursorposition 光标位置defrag 整理碎片dele 删去deletepartitionorlogicaldosdrive 删除分区或逻辑DOS驱动器deletesadirectoryandallthesubdirectoriesandfilesinit 删除一个目录和所有的子目录及其中的所有文件deltree 删除树devicedriver 设备驱动程序dialogbox 对话栏directionkeys 方向键directly 直接地directorylistargument 目录显示变量directoryof 目录清单directorystructure 目录结构diskaccess 磁盘存取diskcopy 磁盘拷贝diskservicescopycomparefindrenameverifyvieweditmaplocateinitialize 磁盘服务功能: C拷贝 O 比较 F搜索R改卷名V校验浏览E编缉M图 L找文件 N格式化diskspace 磁盘空间displayfile 显示文件displayoptions 显示选项displaypartitioninFORMation 显示分区信息displaysfilesinspecifieddirectoryandallsubdirectories 显示指定目录和所有目录下的文件displaysfileswithspecifiedattributes 显示指定属性的文件displaysorchangesfileattributes 显示或改变文件属性displaysorsetsthedate 显示或设备日期displayssetupscreensinmonochromeinsteadofcolor 以单色而非彩色显示安装屏信息displaystheamountofusedandfreememoryinyoursystem 显示系统中已用和未用的内存数量displaysthefullpathandnameofeveryfileonthedisk 显示磁盘上所有文件的完整路径和名称displaysthenameoforchangesthecurrentdirectory 显示或改变当前目录doctor 医生doesn 不doesntchangetheattribute 不要改变属性dosshell DOS 外壳doubleclick 双击doyouwanttodisplaythelogicaldriveinFORMationyn 你想显示逻辑驱动器信息吗(y/n)? driveletter 驱动器名editmenu 编辑选单emsmemory ems内存endoffile 文件尾endofline 行尾enterchoice 输入选择entiredisk 转换磁盘environmentvariable 环境变量esc esceveryfileandsubdirectory 所有的文件和子目录existingdestinationfile 已存在的目录文件时expandedmemory 扩充内存expandtabs 扩充标签explicitly 明确地extendedmemory 扩展内存fastest 最快的fatfilesystem fat 文件系统fdiskoptions fdisk选项fileattributes 文件属性fileFORMat 文件格式filefunctions 文件功能fileselection 文件选择fileselectionargument 文件选择变元filesin 文件在filesinsubdir 子目录中文件fileslisted 列出文件filespec 文件说明filespecification 文件标识filesselected 选中文件findfile 文件查寻fixeddisk 硬盘fixeddisksetupprogram 硬盘安装程序fixeserrorsonthedisk 解决磁盘错误floppydisk 软盘FORMatdiskette 格式化磁盘FORMatsadiskforusewithmsdos 格式化用于MS-DOS的磁盘FORMfeed 进纸freememory 闲置内存fullscreen 全屏幕functionprocedure 函数过程graphical 图解的graphicslibrary 图形库groupdirectoriesfirst 先显示目录组hangup 挂断harddisk 硬盘hardwaredetection 硬件检测hasbeen 已经helpfile 帮助文件helpindex 帮助索引helpinFORMation 帮助信息helppath 帮助路径helpscreen 帮助屏helptext 帮助说明helptopics 帮助主题helpwindow 帮助窗口hiddenfile 隐含文件hiddenfileattribute 隐含文件属性hiddenfiles 隐含文件howto 操作方式ignorecase 忽略大小写inbothconventionalanduppermemory 在常规和上位内存incorrectdos 不正确的DOSincorrectdosversion DOS 版本不正确indicatesabinaryfile 表示是一个二进制文件indicatesanasciitextfile 表示是一个ascii文本文件insertmode 插入方式insteadofusingchkdsktryusingscandisk 请用scandisk,不要用chkdsk inuse 在使用invaliddirectory 无效的目录is 是kbytes 千字节keyboardtype 键盘类型labeldisk 标注磁盘laptop 膝上largestexecutableprogram 最大可执行程序largestmemoryblockavailable 最大内存块可用lefthanded 左手习惯leftmargin 左边界linenumber 行号linenumbers 行号linespacing 行间距listbyfilesinsortedorder 按指定顺序显示文件listfile 列表文件listof 清单locatefile 文件定位lookat 查看lookup 查找macroname 宏名字makedirectory 创建目录memoryinfo 内存信息memorymodel 内存模式menubar 菜单条menucommand 菜单命令menus 菜单messagewindow 信息窗口microsoft 微软microsoftantivirus 微软反病毒软件microsoftcorporation 微软公司mini 小的modemsetup 调制解调器安装modulename 模块名monitormode 监控状态monochromemonitor 单色监视器moveto 移至multi 多newdata 新建数据newer 更新的newfile 新文件newname 新名称newwindow 新建窗口norton nortonnostack 栈未定义noteusedeltreecautiously 注意:小心使用deltree onlinehelp 联机求助optionally 可选择地or 或pageframe 页面pagelength 页长pausesaftereachscreenfulofinFORMation 在显示每屏信息后暂停一下pctools pc工具postscript 附言prefixmeaningnot 前缀意即"不prefixtoreverseorder 反向显示的前缀presetswitchesbyprefixinganyswitchwithhyphenforexamplew 用前缀和放在短横线-后的开关(例如/-w)预置开关pressakeytoresume 按一键继续pressanykeyforfilefunctions 敲任意键执行文件功能pressentertokeepthesamedate 敲回车以保持相同的日期pressentertokeepthesametime 敲回车以保持相同的时间pressesctocontinue 敲esc继续pressesctoexit 敲<esc>键退出pressesctoexitfdisk 敲esc退出fdiskpressesctoreturntofdiskoptions 敲esc返回fdisk选项previously 在以前printall 全部打印printdevice 打印设备printerport 打印机端口processesfilesinalldirectoriesinthespecifiedpath 在指定的路径下处理所有目录下的文件programfile 程序文件programmingenvironment 程序设计环境promptsyoubeforecreatingeachdestinationfile 在创建每个目标文件时提醒你promptsyoutopressakeybeforecopying 在拷贝前提示你敲一下键pulldown 下拉pulldownmenus 下拉式选单quickFORMat 快速格式化quickview 快速查看readonlyfile 只读文件readonlyfileattribute 只读文件属性readonlyfiles 只读文件readonlymode 只读方式redial 重拨repeatlastfind 重复上次查找reportfile 报表文件resize 调整大小respectively 分别地rightmargin 右边距rootdirectory 根目录runsdebugaprogramtestingandeditingtool 运行debug, 它是一个测试和编辑工具runtimeerror 运行时出错saveall 全部保存saveas 另存为scandisk 磁盘扫描程序scandiskcanreliablydetect scandisk可以可靠地发现screencolors 屏幕色彩screenoptions 屏幕任选项screensaver 屏幕暂存器screensavers 屏幕保护程序screensize 屏幕大小scrollbars 翻卷栏scrolllockoff 滚屏已锁定searchfor 搜索sectorspertrack 每道扇区数selectgroup 选定组selectionbar 选择栏setactivepartition 设置活动分区setupoptions 安装选项shortcutkeys 快捷键showclipboard 显示剪贴板singleside 单面sizemove 大小/移动sorthelp S排序H帮助sortorder 顺序specialservicesdirectorymaint 特殊服务功能: D目录维护specifiesdrivedirectoryandorfilestolist 指定要列出的驱动器,目录,和文件specifiesthatyouwanttochangetotheparentdirectory 指定你想把父目录作为当前目录specifiesthedirectoryandorfilenameforthenewfile 指定新文件的目录或文件名specifiesthefileorfilestobecopied 指定要拷贝的文件stackoverflow 栈溢出standalone 独立的startupoptions 启动选项statusline 状态行stepover 单步summaryof 摘要信息suppressespromptingtoconfirmyouwanttooverwritean 取消确认提示,在你想覆盖一个swapfile 交换文件switchesmaybepresetinthedircmdenvironmentvariable 开关可在dircmd环境变量中设置switchto 切换到sync 同步systemfile 系统文件systemfiles 系统文件systeminfo 系统信息systeminFORMation 系统信息程序tableofcontents 目录terminalemulation 终端仿真terminalsettings 终端设置testfile 测试文件testfileparameters 测试文件参数theactivewindow 激活窗口theswitchymaybepresetinthecopycmdenvironmentvariable /y开关可以在copycmd环境变量中预置thetwofloppydisksmustbethesametype 两个软磁盘必须是同种类型的thismaybeoverriddenwithyonthecommandline 在命令行输入/-y可以使之无效togglebreakpoint 切换断点tomsdos 转到MS-DOStopmargin 页面顶栏turnoff 关闭typecddrivetodisplaythecurrentdirectoryinthespecifieddrive 键入cd驱动器:显示指定驱动器的当前目录typecdwithoutparameterstodisplaythecurrentdriveanddirectory 键入无参数的cd以显示当前驱动器的当前目录typedatewithoutparameterstodisplaythecurrentdatesettingand 键入无参数的date,显示当前日期设置和unmark 取消标记unselect 取消选择usesbareFORMat 使用简洁方式useslowercase 使用小写useswidelistFORMat 使用宽行显示usinghelp 使用帮助verbosely 冗长地verifiesthatnewfilesarewrittencorrectly 校验新文件是否正确写入了videomode 显示方式viewwindow 内容浏览viruses 病毒vision 景象vollabel 卷标volumelabel 卷标volumeserialnumberis 卷序号是windowshelp windows 帮助wordwrap 整字换行workingdirectory 正在工作的目录worm 蠕虫writemode 写方式writeto 写到xmsmemory 扩充内存youmay 你可以我把网络安全方面的专业词汇整理了一下，虽然大多是乱谈，但初衷在于初学者能更好的了解这些词汇。
电脑中英对照说明书
Service life time 保养定时器使用期限
Clock function
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Not activated
Modify parameters 修改参数
Configuration 配置
Service 维护保养 Saved data 存储数据
Ccm压缩机控制模式 Pressure band used压力带１ Node id节点地址 Language in use使用语言 time时间 Date日期 Date format日期格式 Pressure unit压力单位 Date format日期格式 Temperature unit温度单位 Vibration unit振动单位 Level unit高度单位 Fiow unit流量单位 Volume unit容积单位 Start mode起动模式 Auntomatic restart自动重启动 Password密码 Mcc 多压缩控制器 Digital presband selec数字压力带选择 Service timer running hours 保养定时器运行时间 Service timer life time 保养定时器使用期限
Parameters 参数
Service plan 保养计划
Clock function 时钟功能
Loading pressure 加载压力 Unloading pressure 卸载压力 Loading pressure2加载压力2 Unloading pressure2卸载压力２ Y-Time 星三角时间 Load delay加载延时 Nr of starts/day起动次数／天 Minimum stop time最小停机时间 Programmed stop time程序停机时间 Permissive start time允许起动时间
WINDOWS中英文对照表
BIOS中英文对照表Time/System Time 时间/系统时间Date/System Date 日期/系统日期Level 2 Cache 二级缓存System Memory 系统内存Video Controller 视频控制器Panel Type 液晶屏型号Audio Controller 音频控制器Modem Controller 调制解调器（Modem)Primary Hard Drive 主硬盘Modular Bay 模块托架Service Tag 服务标签Asset Tag 资产标签BIOS Version BIOS版本Boot Order/Boot Sequence 启动顺序（系统搜索*作系统文件的顺序）Diskette Drive 软盘驱动器Internal HDD 内置硬盘驱动器Floppy device 软驱设备Hard-Disk Drive 硬盘驱动器USB Storage Device USB存储设备CD/DVD/CD-RW Drive 光驱CD-ROM device 光驱Modular Bay HDD 模块化硬盘驱动器Cardbus NIC Cardbus总线网卡Onboard NIC 板载网卡Boot POST 进行开机自检时（POST）硬件检查的水平：设置为"MINIMAL"（默认设置）则开机自检仅在BIOS升级，内存模块更改或前一次开机自检未完成的情况下才进行检查。
设置为"THOROUGH"则开机自检时执行全套硬件检查。
Config Warnings 警告设置：该选项用来设置在系统使用较低电压的电源适配器或其他不支持的配置时是否报警，设置为"DISABLED"禁用报警，设置为"ENABLED"启用报警Internal Modem 内置调制解调器：使用该选项可启用或禁用内置Modem。
电脑主板BIOS中英文对照表
Time/S ystem Time时间/系统时间Date/Syste m Dat e 日期/系统日期Leve l 2 C ache二级缓存Syst em Me mory系统内存Vide o Con troll er 视频控制器Panel Type液晶屏型号Au dio C ontro ller音频控制器Mod em Co ntrol ler 调制解调器（Modem)Pr imary Hard Driv e 主硬盘Mod ularBay 模块托架Servi ce Ta g 服务标签As set T ag 资产标签B IOS V ersio n BIO S版本Bootorder/Boot Sequ ence启动顺序（系统搜索操作系统文件的顺序）Disk etteDrive软盘驱动器In terna l HDD内置硬盘驱动器Flopp y dev ice 软驱设备Hard-DiskDrive硬盘驱动器US B Sto rageDevic e USB存储设备CD/D VD/CD-RW D rive光驱C D-ROM devi ce 光驱Mod ularBay H DD 模块化硬盘驱动器Ca rdbus NICCardb us 总线网卡O nboar d NIC板载网卡B oot P OST 进行开机自检时（PO ST）硬件检查的水平：设置为“MINIM AL”（默认设置）则开机自检仅在BIOS升级，内存模块更改或前一次开机自检未完成的情况下才进行检查。
设置为“T HOROU GH”则开机自检时执行全套硬件检查。
Con fig W arnin gs警告设置：该选项用来设置在系统使用较低电压的电源适配器或其他不支持的配置时是否报警，设置为“DISAB LED”禁用报警，设置为“EN ABLED”启用报警I ntern al Mo dem 内置调制解调器：使用该选项可启用或禁用内置Mode m。
电脑词汇中英文对照文库
Battery 电池Battery Status 电池状态Power Management 电源管理Suspend Mode 挂起模式AC Power Recovery 交流电源恢复：该选项可以在交流电源适配器重新插回系统时电脑的相应反映。
Low Power Mode 低电量模式：该选项用来设置系统休眠或关闭时所用电量。
Brightness 亮度：该选项可以设置计算机启动时显示器的亮度。
计算机工作在电源供电状态下时默认设置为一半。
计算机工作在交流电源适配器供电状态下时默认设置为最大。
Wakeup On LAN 网络唤醒：该选项设置允许在网络信号接入时将电脑从休眠状态唤醒。
该设置对待机状态（Standby state）无效。
只能在操作系统中唤醒待机状态。
该设置仅在接有交流电源适配器时有效。
Auto On Mod 自动开机模式：注意若交流电源适配器没有接好，该设置将无法生效。
该选项可设置计算机自动开机时间，可以设置将计算机每天自动开机或仅在工作日自动开机。
设置在计算机重新启动后生效。
Auto On Time 自动开机时间：该选项可设置系统自动开机的时间，时间格式为24小时制。
键入数值或使用左、右箭头键设定数值。
设置在计算机重新启动后生效。
Dock Configuration 坞站配置Docking Status 坞站状态Universal Connect 通用接口：若所用操作系统为WinNT4.0或更早版本，该设置无效。
如果经常使用不止一个戴尔坞站设备，并且希望最小化接入坞站时的初始时间，设置为 "ENABLED"（默认设置）。
如果希望操作系统对计算机连接的每个新的坞站设备都生成新的系统设置文件，设置为"DISABLED"。
S***em Security 系统安全Primary Password 主密码Admin Password 管理密码Hard-disk drive password(s) 硬盘驱动器密码Password Status 密码状态：该选项用来在Setup密码启用时锁定系统密码。
电脑硬件设备菜单中英对照
电脑硬件设备菜单1 FXBus 路由器2 FXBus2 路由器3 FXBus32 路由器4 epiloglt_k1终解程序5 epiloglt_k2终解程序6 p16v 2496解码器7 prolog 初构程序8 prologlt9 xrouting基本处理器菜单1 FXMix 多路路由器2 FXMix2 多路路由器3 Mono Mix 单声混合器4 Pan 声道控制5 Pan x2 声道控制6 Peak 相位7 Phase8 St Vol 音量控制9 Stereo Mix 立体声混音器10 Stereo Mix +Gain 立体声加强混音器11 Summ 萨姆12 V ol 音量13 V ol+DC 麦克增益14 crossfade 淡出器15 div416 gain 放大器17 gainHQ 音量控制18 x4x4 放大4倍19 xSumm_x萨姆20 xor 异或E-MU APS菜单（电子亩接入点）1 APS AutoWah 自动哇音2 APS Compressor 压限器3 APS Compressor+ 压限增益4 APS Everb5 APS Expander 扩展器（扩张器、膨胀器）6 APS Expander+ 扩展增益7 APS Flanger 凸缘器(镶边)8 APS Fuzz 微噪音9 APS Pitch 音调器（变声插件）Creative LiveWare菜单(创新器件)1 CL Reverb 混音器2 CLEAX3Reverb3 CLEAX4Reverb环绕声处理器菜单1 3D Sound Gen 3D环绕2 HPhSp 重低音3 Pos3DFX 3D环绕路由4 Prologica 音效连接器5 Surrounder+ 环绕混音加强6 cnv51to207 downmix 低音混合8 encode4 解码器9 surrounderlt 环绕混音均衡器和滤波器菜单1 EQ Bandpass 滤波转换器（均衡带通）2 EQ G10 图示均衡器（十段均衡器）3 EQ Highpass 低切（高通）4 EQ Highshelf 高架5 EQ Lowpass 高切（低通）6 EQ Lowshelf 低架7 EQ Notch 断口器8 EQ P1 波段器（小一均衡器）9 EQ P1 (Mono) 单声道波段器（单声道小一均衡器）10 EQ P5 五段均衡器11 EQ P5 (Mono) 单声道五段12 EQ peaking 波段调峰13 Freq Splitter 频率分离器14 phat EQ Mono 单声均衡15 Phat EQ Stereo 混合均衡（单声道立体声）16 Timbre 音色调节直通菜单1 ac3passthrough 交流穿透器2 b2b 优质ProFX菜单1 proFx:ADC 麦克风输入插件2 proFx:ASIO 低延时器（音频流输入输出接口）3 proFx:MX6 六路调音台4 proFx:Src 系统音源输入插件5 proFx:kXLt 总音频输出插件旧版本插件菜单1 16to322 Delay Old3 Dynamics Processor 动态压缩器4 FXBusX 路由器5 Overdrive6 Overdrive27 RingMod8 Wave Generator9 Wave Generator 2.010 ac3passthru_old11 ac3passthru_x12 b2b_old13 xrouting_old 调音台EF-X菜单(英法X的)1 EFX Oscilloscope 示波器2 EFX ReverbStation 混响器3 EFX TubeDrive 吉他效果器2nd order crossover 第二路交叉4nd order crossover 第四路交叉Booble Gum 气泡Chorus 和声(合唱)Crossover-2 二路交叉Crossover-4 四路交叉Delay A 延迟Delay B 延迟Dynamics Processor 动态效果器(闪避效果器) FxRouter 外汇路由器GainX 放大器HarmonicsGen 谐频Info 域名（信息）Loudness Comensator 响度补偿Mixy 4x2 四路混合台Mixy 8x2 八路混合台Mono V ocoder 单声码器Noise Gate 2T 噪声门Noise Gate 2Ts 噪声门PeakX 限制器Phaser 相位器ProFx:MX8 八路调音台ProFx:NoiseGate 噪音门ProFx:NoiseGateST 噪音门ProFxeak4 四路限制器ProFx:Peak6 六路限制器ProFx:Peak8 八路限制器Reverb Lite 精简效果器Reverb R 效果器Stereo Chorus 混合和声器Stereo Decimator 混响抽取器（立体声降频）Streo V ocoder 单声道混合器Surrounder 镶边TheDelay 替换延迟TheSmallDelay 小延迟TimeBalanceV2 时间平衡TubeSound 声音传导Wave Generator 3.0 波形震荡器epilogepilog_oldprolog_oldroutingvibrato 颤音roPhaser 相位器putnik 普特呢克真人发音器ibrato 震动器remolo 颤音调和器。
BIOS中英文对照表
Different Ranks（）
On The Same Rank（）
Load-Line Calibration（是否启动Load-Line校准功能）
CPU Vcore（CPU 核心电压设置）
QPI/Vtt Voltage（QPI/Vtt电压设置）
PCH Core（PCH核心设置）
Isochronous Support（同步支持）
=====BIOS标准CMOS基础项中英文对照表=====Date (mm:dd:yy) （日期）
Time (hh:mm:ss)（时间）
IDE Channel 0, 1 Master/Slave（第一二组主/从IDE/SATA通道 ）
IDE Channel 2, 3 Master, 4, 5 Master/Slave（第三四组主、五六组主/从IDE/SATA通道）
Drive A（软驱设定）
Halt On（系统停机设定）
Memory（内存）
Base Memory（传统内存，会保留640KB为MS-DOS系统使用）
Extended Memory（扩展内存）
Total Memory（系统上的总内存）
=====BIOS高级功能设置中英文对照表=====Hard Disk Boot Priority（硬盘启动优先级）
USB-CDROM（USB光驱）
USB-HDD（USB 硬盘）
Legacy LAN（网卡开机）
Password Check（密码检查，每次开始是否需要输入密码）
HDD S.M.A.R.T. Capability（硬盘自动监控报警是否开启）
Limit CPUID Max. to 3（最大CPUID极限值）
电脑各种中英文信息对照及错误信息总汇 系统出错信息及解决方案
A20 hardware error. Contact technical support to identify the problem 地址线A20错误。联系技术支持来识别该问题
Type the name of the Command Interpreter (e.g., C:\WINDOWS\) Press any key to continue… 请输入命令解释器的文件名(如：C:\WIN DOWS\)后，按任意键继续
Press Esc now to cancel MS-DOS mode and restart Windows 98... 按Esc退出MS-DOS 模式，重新启动Windows 98…
There is an unrecognized command in your CONFIG.SYS file 在你的CONFIG.SYS文件中有不可识别的命令
$False$
sp; 说明
Invalid system disk 无效的系统盘
Disk I/O error, Replace the disk and press any key. 磁盘I/O错误，替换磁盘后按任意键(当C盘系统文件丢失或被破坏时出现该提示信息。这时可能SYS C:为修复系统文件)
Starting Windows 98... 正在启动Windows 98……
Windows 98 is now starting your MS-DOS-based program Windows 98正在启动基于MS-DOS的程序
控制器CP2102 USB转UART芯片中英文资料对照外文翻译文献
(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文翻译译文CP2102 USB转UART芯片数据手册单芯片USB数据传输到UART-- 综合USB收发器无需外部电阻要求-- 集成的时钟无需外部晶振体要求-- 综合1024-Byte EEPROM用于产品的供应商ID,ID,序列号，电源描述，版本号和产品描述字符串-- 片上电复位电路-- 片上电压调节器：3.3v电压输出-- 100%引脚和软件兼容与CP2101USB功能控制器-- USB规范2.0标准：（全速12 Mbps）-- USB暂停支持国家通过悬浮pins异步串行数据总线（UART）-- 所有的握手和调制解调器借口信号-- 数据格式支持- 数据bits：5，6，7和8- 停止bits：1，1.5和2- 校验：奇，偶，标记，空间，无校验-- 波特率：300 bps到1兆位-- 567字节的接受缓冲区；640字节的发送缓冲区-- 支持硬件或X-On/X-Off 握手-- Event字符支持-- 输电线路中断虚拟设备驱动程序COM口-- 使用现有的COM端口的PC应用-- 免版税发行许可证于Windows Vista / XP / 服务器2003 / 2000 / 1998SE-- 苹果OS-X / 0S-9-- LinuxUSB Express 直接驱动器支持-- 免版税发行许可证-- 于Windows Vista / XP / 服务器2003 / 2000-- 视窗CE 5.0 和4.2应用实例-- 传统设备的RS-232升级到USB-- 蜂巢式电话USB接口电缆-- PDA USB 接口电缆-- USB到RS-232 串行适配器电源电压-- 自供电：3.0 v到3.6 vUSB总线供电：4.0 v到5.25 v包装-- 无铅28-pin QFN （5 * 5mm）订购零件编号-- CP2102-GM温度范围：-40到+85摄氏度图1. 系统功能电路1.系统概述该CP2102是一个高度集成的USB-UART桥控制器提供了一个简单的解决方案更新RS-232设计，USB使用的组件和PCB空间最小，该CP2102包括USB2.0全速功能控制器，USB收发器，振荡器和带有全部的调制解调器控制信号的异步串行数据总线（UART），全部功能集成在一个5 * 5 mm MIP-28封装的IC中，无需其他的外部USB元件，片内EEPROM可用于由原始设备制造商自定义USB 供应商代码、产品代码、产品描述文字、功率标牌、版本号和元件序列号等数据的存储空间。
SG控制器中英文对照表
LOW SUMP AIR PRESSURE(分离前压力底 ) CHANGE SEPR ELEMENT(调换油分离芯） CHANGE COOLANT FILTER(调换油过滤器）
CHANGE INLET FILTER(调换进气过滤器）
ALARM HISTORY (报警纪录）
Loaded Hour（加载运行小时） %Loaded Modulation（加载调节%）
SENSOR FAILURE 4 ATT(机组排气温度传感器故障）
CHECK MOTOR ROTATION(检查电机转向） CONTROL POWER LOSS(失去控制电压) EMERGENCY STOP(紧急停机） FAN MOTOR OVERLOAD（风扇电机过载） LOW ONLOAD SUMP PRESS(卸载前压力底 ) MAIN MOTOR OVERLOAD(主电机过载) MEMORY FAULT(存储出错) REMOTE START FAILURE（远控启动故障） REMOTE STOP FAILURE （远控停机故障） STARTER FAULT（启动器出错）
Software Title and Version(软件名称及版本）
Offline Pressure （起跳压力）
Online Pressure（回跳压力）
OPERATOR SETPOINTS (用户设定点)
Mode Load Stop
of Operation（运行模式） Delay Time（加载延迟时间） Delay Time（停me*（星-三角启动时间）
(Scree)Contrast(屏幕对比度)
SENSOR CALIBRATION Sensor 1 AVPT(进气真空传感器）
(传感器校零)
中英文文献翻译-PLC控制器的简介
英文原文Introduction To PLC ControllersAlong with the development of the ages, the technique that is nowadays is also gradually perfect, the competition plays more strong; the operation that list depends the artificial has already can't satisfied with the current manufacturing industry foreground, also can't guarantee the request of the higher quantity and high new the image of the technique business enterprise.The people see in produce practice, automate brought the tremendous convenience and the product quantities for people up of assurance, also eased the personnel's labor strength, reduce the establishment on the personnel. The target control of the hard realization in many complicated production lines, whole and excellent turn, the best decision etc., well-trained operation work, technical personnel or expert, governor but can judge and operate easily, can acquire the satisfied result. The research target of the artificial intelligence makes use of the calculator exactly to carry out, imitate these intelligences behavior, moderating the work through person's brain and calculators, with the mode that person's machine combine, for resolve the very complicated problem to look for the best pathWe come in sight of the control that links after the electric appliances in various situation, that is already the that time generation past, now of after use in the mold a perhaps simple equipments of grass-roots control that the electric appliances can do for the low level only; And the PLC emergence also became the epoch-making topic, adding the vivid software control through a very and stable hardware, making the automation head for the new high tide.The PLC biggest characteristics lie in: The electrical engineering teacher already no longer electric hardware up too many calculations of cost, as long as order the importation that the button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem, pass to output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power after the electric appliances, but the exportation equipments direct conjunction of the small power can.PLC internal containment have the CPU of the CPU, and take to have an I/ O for expand of exterior to connect a people's address and saving machine three big pieces to constitute, CPU core is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute, mathematics that they have the logic operation ability, and can read the procedure save the contents of the machine to drive the homologous saving machine and I/ Os to connect after pass the calculation; The I/ O add inner part is tired the input and output system of the machine and exterior link, and deposit the related data into the procedure saving machine or data saving machine; The saving machine can deposit the data that the I/ O input in the saving machine, and in work adjusting to become tired to add the machine and I/ Os to connect, saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure saving machine ROM and dates, the ROM can do deposit of the data permanence in the saving machine, but RAM only for the CPU computes the temporary calculation usage of hour of bufferspace.The PLC anti- interference is very and excellent, our root need not concern its service life and the work situation bad, these all problems have already no longer become the topic that we fail, but stay to our is a concern to come to internal resources of make use of the PLC to strengthen the control ability of the equipments for us, make our equipments more gentle.PLC language is not we imagine of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to carry on weaving the distance, but the trapezoid diagram that the adoption is original after the electric appliances to control, make the electrical engineering teacher while weaving to write the procedure very easy comprehended the PLC language, and a lot of non- electricity professional also very quickly know and go deep into to the PLC.PLC is one of the advantage above and only, this is also one part that the people comprehend more and easily, in a lot of equipments, the people have already no longer hoped to see too many control buttons, they damage not only and easily and produce the artificial error easiest, small is not a main error perhaps you can still accept; But lead even is a fatal error greatly is what we can't is tolerant of. New technique always for bringing more safe and convenient operation for us, make we a lot of problems for face on sweep but light, do you understand the HMI? Says the HMI here you basically not clear what it is, also have no interest understanding, change one inside text explains it into the touch to hold or man-machine interface you knew, and it combines with the PLC to our larger space.HMI the control not only is reduced the control press button, increase the vivid of the control, more main of it is can sequence of, and at can the change data input to output the feedback with data, control in the temperature curve of imitate but also can keep the manifestation of view to come out. And can write the function help procedure through a plait to provide the help of various what lies in one's power, the one who make operate reduces the otiose error. Currently the HMI factory is also more and more, the function is also more and more strong, the price is also more and more low, and the noodles of the usage are wide more and more. The HMI foreground can say that think ° to be good very.The PLC correspondence has already come more body now its value, at the PLC and correspondence between PLCs, can pass the communication of the information and the share of the dates to guarantee that of the equipments moderates mutually, the result that arrive already to repair with each other. Data conversion the adoption RS232 between PLC connect to come to the transmission data, but the RS232 pick up a people and can guarantee 10 meters only of deliver the distance, if in the distance of 1000 meters we can pass the RS485 to carry on the correspondence, the longer distance can pass the MODEL only to carry on deliver.The PLC data transmission is just to be called a form to it in a piece of and continuous address that the data of the inner part delivers the other party, we, the PLC of the other party passes to read data in the watch to carry on the operation. If the data that data in the watch is a toestablish generally, that is just the general data transmission, for example today of oil price rise, I want to deliver the price of the oil price to lose the oil ally on board, that is the share of the data; But take data in the watch for an instruction procedure that controls the PLC, that had the difficulty very much, for example you have to control one pedestal robot to press the action work that you imagine, you will draw up for it the form that a procedure combine with the data sends out to pass by.A line of transmission of the information contains a string of and combine the cent of: The usual PLC is 8 machines, certainly also having 16 machines. We can be an at the time of sending out the data a send out to the other party, also can be 88 send out the data to the other party, an and 8 differentiations are also the as that we say to send out the data and combine sends out the data. A speed is more and slowly, but as long as 2 or three lines can solve problem, and can use the telephone line to carry on the long range control. But combine the ocular transmission speed is very quick of, it is a string of ocular of 25600%, occupy the advantage in the short distance, the in view of the fact TTL electricity is even, being limited by the scope of one meter generally, it combine unwell used for the data transmission of the long pull, thus the cost is too expensive.When you are reading the book, you hear someone knock on door, you stop to start up of affair, open the door and combine to continue with the one who knock on door a dialogue, the telephone of this time rang, you signal hint to connect a telephone, after connecting the telephone through, return overdo come together knock on door to have a conversation, after dialogue complete, you continue again to see your book, this kind of circumstance we are called the interruption to it, it has the authority, also having sex of have the initiative, the PLC had such function .Its characteristics lie in us and may meet the urgently abrupt affairs in the operation process of the equipments, we want to stop to start immediately up of work, the whereabouts manages the more important affair, this kind of circumstance is we usually meet of, PLC while carry out urgent mission, total will keep the current appearance first, for example the address of the procedure, CPU of tired add the machine data etc., be like to stick down which the book that we see is when we open the door the page or simply make a mark, because we treat and would still need to continue immediately after book of see the behind. The CPU always does the affair that should do according to our will, but your mistake of give it an affair, it also would be same to do, this we must notice.The interruption is not only a, sometimes existing jointly with the hour several inside break, break off to have the preferred Class, they will carry out the interruption of the higher Class according to person's request. This kind of breaks off the medium interruption to also became to break off the set. The Class that certainly break off is relevant according to various resources of CPU with internal PLC, also following a heap of capacity size of also relevant fasten.When we are work a work piece, giving the PLC a signal, counting PLC inner part the machine add 1 to compute us for a day of workload, a count the machine and can solve problem inbrief, certainly they also can keep the data under the condition of dropping the electricity, urging the data not to throw to lose, this is also what we hope earnestly.The PLC still has the function that the high class counts the machine, being us while accept some dates of high speed, the high speed that here say is the data of the in all aspects tiny second class, for example the bar code scanner is scanning the data continuously, calculating high-speed signal of the data processor DSP etc., we will adopt the high class to count the machine to help we carry on count. It at the PLC carries out the procedure once discover that the high class counts the machine to should of interruption, will let go of the work on the hand immediately. The trapezoid diagram procedure that passes by to weave the distance again explains the high class for us to carry out procedure to count machine would automatic performance to should of work, thus rise the Class that the high class counts the machine to high one Class.You heard too many this phrases perhaps:" crash", the meaning that is mostly is a workload of CPU to lead greatly, the internal resources shortage etc. the circumstance can't result in procedure circulate. The PLC also has the similar circumstance, there is a watchdog WDT in the inner part of PLC, we can establish time that a procedure of WDT circulate, being to appear the procedure to jump to turn the mistake in the procedure movement process or the procedure is busy, movement time of the procedure exceeds WDT constitution time, the CPU turn but the WDT reset the appearance. The procedure restarts the movement, but will not carry on the breakage to the interruption.The PLC development has already entered for network ages of correspondence from the mode of the one, and together other works control the net plank and I/ O card planks to carry on the share easily. A state software can pass all se hardwires link, more animation picture of keep the view to carries on the control, and cans pass the Internet to carry on the control in the foreign land, the blast-off that is like the absolute being boat No.5 is to adopt this kind of way to make airship go up the sky.The development of the higher layer needs our continuous effort to obtain. The PLC emergence has already affected a few persons fully, we also obtained more knowledge and precepts from the top one experience of the generation, coming to the continuous development PLC technique, push it toward higher wave tide中文译文PLC控制器的简介随着时代的发展,当今的技术也日趋完善、竞争愈演愈烈;单靠人工的操作已不能满足于目前的制造业前景,也无法保证更高质量的要求和高新技术企业的形象.人们在生产实践中看到,自动化给人们带来了极大的便利和产品质量上的保证,同时也减轻了人员的劳动强度,减少了人员上的编制.在许多复杂的生产过程中难以实现的目标控制、整体优化、最佳决策等,熟练的操作工、技术人员或专家、管理者却能够容易判断和操作,可以获得满意的效果.人工智能的研究目标正是利用计算机来实现、模拟这些智能行为,通过人脑与计算机协调工作,以人机结合的模式,为解决十分复杂的问题寻找最佳的途径我们在各种场合看到了继电器连接的控制，那已经是时代的过去，如今的继电器只能作为低端的基层控制模块或者简单的设备中使用到；而PLC的出现也成为了划时代的主题，通过极其稳定的硬件穿插灵活的软件控制，使得自动化走向了新的高潮。
PID控制器中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文:Memory-Based On-Line Tuning of PID Controllers for Nonlinear Systems Abstract—Since most processes have nonlinearities, controller design schemes to deal with such systems are required.On the other hand, PID controllers have been widely used for process systems. Therefore, in this paper, a new design scheme of PID controllers based on a memory-based(MB) modeling is proposed for nonlinear systems. According to the MB modeling method, some local models are automatically generated based on input/output data pairs of the controlled object stored in the data-base. The proposed scheme generates PID parameters using stored input/output data in the data-base. This scheme can adjust the PID parameters in an on-line manner even if the system has nonlinear properties. Finally, the effectiveness of the newly proposed control scheme is numerically evaluated on a simulation example.I. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, many complicated control algorithms such as adaptive control theory or robust control theory have been proposed and implemented. However, in industrial processes, PID controllers[1], [2], [3] have been widely employed for about 80% or more of control loops. The reasons are summarized as follows. (1) the control structure is quitsimple; (2) the physical meaning of control parameters is clear; and (3) the operators’ know-how can be easily utilized in designing controllers. Therefore, itis still attractive todesign PID controllers. However, since most process systems have nonlinearities, it is difficult to obtain good control performances for such systems simply using the fixed PIDparameters. Therefore, PID parameters tuning methods using neural networks(NN)[4] and genetic algorithms(GA)[5] have been proposed until now. According to these methods, the learning cost is considerably large, and these PID parameters cannot be adequately adjusted due to the nonlinear properties. Therefore, it is quite difficult to obtain good control performances using these conventional schemes.By the way, development of computers enables us to memorize, fast retrieve and read out a large number of data. By these advantages, the following method has been proposed: Whenever new data is obtained, the data is stored.Next, similar neighbors to the informat ion requests, called’queries’, are selected from the stored data. Furthermore,the local model is constructed using these neighbors. Thismemory-based(MB) modeling method, is called Just-In-Time(JIT) method[6], [7] , Lazy Learning method[8] or Model-on-Demand(MoD)[9], and these scheme have lots of attention in last decade.In this paper, a design scheme of PID controllers based onthe MB modeling method is discussed. A few PID controllers have been already proposed based on the JIT method[10] and the MoD method[11] which belong to the MB modeling methods. According to the former method, the JIT method is used as the purpose of supplementing the feedback controller with a PID structure. However, the tracking property is not guaranteed enough due to the nonlinearities in the case where reference signals are changed, because the controller does not includes any integral action in the whole control system. On the other hand, the latter method has a PID control structure.PID parameters are tuned by operators’ skills, and they are stored in the data-base in advance. And also, a suitable set of PID parameters is generated using the stored data. However,the good control performance cannot be necessarily obtained in the case where nonlinearities are included in the controlled object and/or system parameters are changed, because PID parameters are not tuned in an on-line manner corresponding to characteristics of the controlled object. Therefore, in this paper, a design scheme of PID controllers based on the MB modeling method is newly proposed.According to the proposed method, PID parameterswhich are obtained using the MB modeling method areadequately tuned in proportion to control errors, and modifiedPID parameters are stored in the data-base. Therefore, moresuitable PID parameters corresponding to characteristics ofthe controlled object are newly stored. Moreover, an algorithmto avoid the excessive increase of the stored data,is further discussed. This algorithm yields the reduction of memories and computational costs. Finally, the effectiveness of the newly proposed control scheme is examined on asimulation example.II. PID CONTROLLER DESIGN BASED ON MEMORY-BASED MODELING METHODA. MB modeling methodFirst, the following discrete-time nonlinear system is considered:, （1）where y(t) denotes the system output and f(·) denotes the nonlinear function. Moreover, _(t−1) is called ’information vector’, which is defied by the following equation:)](),1(),(,),1([:)(u y n t u t u n t y t y t ----= φ, （2） where u(t) denotes the system input. Also, ny and nure spectively denote the orders of the system output and the system input, respectively. According to the MB modeling method, the data is stored in the form of the information vector _ expressed in Eq.(2). Moreover, _(t) is required in calculating the estimate of the output y(t+1) called ’query’.That is, after some similar neighbors to the query are selected from the data-base, the predictive value of the system can beobtained using these neighbors.B. Controller design based on MB modeling methodIn this paper, the following control law with a PID structure is considered: )()()()(2t y T T k t e T T k t u SD c I s c ∆+∆-=∆ （3）)()()(2t y K t y K t e K D P I ∆-∆-= （4）where e(t) denotes the control error signal defined bye(t) := r(t) − y(t). （5） r(t) denotes the reference signal. Also, kc, TI and TD respectively denote the proportional gain, the reset time and the derivative time, and Ts denotes the sampling interval. Here, KP , KI and KD included in Eq.(4) are derived by therelations P K =c k ，I K =c k s T /I T 和D K =c k D T /s T 。
COMS各选项对应翻译
BIOS中英文对照表Time/System Time 时间/系统时间 Date/System Date 日期/系统日期Level 2 Cache 二级缓存 System Memory 系统内存Video Controller 视频控制器 Panel Type 液晶屏型号Audio Controller 音频控制器 Modem Controller 调制解调器（Modem)Primary Hard Drive 主硬盘 Modular Bay 模块托架Service Tag 服务标签Asset Tag 资产标签 BIOS Version BIOS 版本Boot Order/Boot Sequence 启动顺序（系统搜索操作系统文件的顺序）Diskette Drive 软盘驱动器 Internal HDD 内置硬盘驱动器Floppy device 软驱设备 Hard-Disk Drive 硬盘驱动器USB Storage Device USB 存储设备 CD/DVD/CD-RW Drive 光驱CD-ROM device 光驱 Modular Bay HDD 模块化硬盘驱动器Cardbus NIC Cardbus总线网卡Onboard NIC 板载网卡Boot POST 进行开机自检时（POST）硬件检查的水平：设置为“MINIMAL”（默认设置）则开机自检仅在BIOS升级，内存模块更改或前一次开机自检未完成的情况下才进行检查。
设置为“THOROUGH”则开机自检时执行全套硬件检查。
Config Warnings 警告设置：该选项用来设置在系统使用较低电压的电源适配器或其他不支持的配置时是否报警，设置为“DISABLED”禁用报警，设置为“ENABLED”启用报警Internal Modem 内置调制解调器：使用该选项可启用或禁用内置Modem。
禁用（disabled）后Modem在操作系统中不可见。
常见电脑系统中英文对照
常见电脑系统中英文对照Time/System Time时间/系统时间Date/System Date日期/系统日期Le二级缓存System Memory系统内存Video Controller视频控制器Panel Type液晶屏型号Audio Controller音频控制器Modem Controller调制解调器(Modem)Primary Hard Drive主硬盘Modular Bay模块托架Service Tag服务标签Asset Tag资产标签BIOS Version BIOS版本Boot Order/Boot Sequence启动顺序(系统搜索操作系统文件的顺序) Diskette Drive软盘驱动器Internal HDD内置硬盘驱动器Floppy device软驱设备Hard-Disk Drive硬盘驱动器USB Storage Device USB存储设备CD/DVD/CD-RW Drive光驱CD-ROM device光驱Modular Bay HDD模块化硬盘驱动器Cardbus NIC Cardbus总线网卡Onboard NIC板载网卡Boot POST进行开机自检时(POST)硬件检查的水平：设置为"MINIMAL"(默认设置)则开机自检仅在BIOS升级，内存模块更改或前一次开机自检未完成的情况下才进行检查。
设置为"THOROUGH"则开机自检时执行全套硬件检查。
Config Warnings警告设置：为"DISABLED"禁用报警，设置为"ENABLED"启用报警Internal Modem内置调制解调器：使用该选项可启用或禁用内置Modem。
禁用(disabled)后Modem在操作系统中不可见。
LAN Controller网络控制器：使用该选项可启用或禁用PCI以太网控制器。
禁用后该设备在操作系统中不可见。
常用电脑术语中英文对照【】
常用电脑术语中英文对照graphic英音：['gr?fik]美音：['gr?f?k]显卡GrahpicCard显卡驱动GraphicsDriversdriver英音：['draiv?]美音：['dra?v?]显卡BIOSGraphicsBIOS显卡工具GraphicsTool stool英音：[tu:l]美音：[tul]显卡说明书GraphicsManualsmanual英音：['m?nju?l]美音：['m?nju?l]CRT显示器CRTMonitormonitor英音：['m?nit?]美音：['mɑn?t?]显示器驱动CRTMonitorDrivers显示器工具CRTMonitorToolsCRT显示器说明书CRTmonitorManuals液晶显示器LCDMonitor液晶显示器驱动LCDMonitorDrivers液晶显示器工具LCDMonitorTools液晶显示器说明书LCDMonitorManualsHP惠普电视卡/盒TVTunertuner英音：['tju:n?]美音：['tjun?]电视卡驱动TVTunerDrivers电视卡应用程序TVTunerTools电视卡说明书TVTunerManuals主板 Motherboardmotherboard英音：['m?e?b?:d]美音：['m?e?,b?rd]主板BIOSMotherboardBIOS主板驱动MotherboardDrivers主板应用程序MotherboardTools主板说明书MotherboardManuals CPUCPU驱动CPUDrivers CPU应用程序CPUTools硬盘驱动HardDiskDriver disk英音：[disk]美音：[d?sk]硬盘固件HardDiskDriverFirmwaresfirmware英音：['f?:mw??]美音：['f?m,w?r]硬盘工具HardDiskDriverTools光驱/刻录机ODDOpticalDiskDrive optical英音：['?ptik?l]美音：['ɑpt?k!]光驱/刻录机驱动OddOpticalDiskDriveDrivers光驱/刻录机工具OddOpticalDiskDriveTools光驱/刻录机固件ODDOpticalDiskDriveFirmwares光驱/刻录机说明书ODDOpticalDiskDriveManuals声卡SoundCard声卡驱动SoundCardDrivers声卡工具SoundCardTools声卡固件SoundCardFirmwares声卡说明书SoundCardManualsU盘FlashDriveflash英音：[fl??]美音：[fl??]U盘驱动FlashDriveDriversU盘工具FlashDriveToolsMP3/MP4播放器PortbleMediaPlayer media英音：['mi:di?]美音：['mid??]MP3/MP4驱动PortbleMediaPlayerDriversMP3/MP4应用程序PortbleMediaPlayerToolsMP3/MP4固件PortbleMediaPlayerFirmwaresMP3/MP4说明书PortbleMediaPlayerManuals数码相机DititalCameradigital英音：['did?it?l]美音：['d?d??t!]数码相机驱动DigitalCameraDrivers数码相机应用程序DigitalCameraTools数码相机固件DigitalCameraFirmwares数码相机说明书DigitalCameraManuals数码摄像机DigitalVidelCamera数码摄像机驱动DigitalVideoCameraDrivers数码摄像机应用程序DigitalVideoCameraTools数码摄像机固件DigitalVideoCameraFimwares数码摄像机说明书DigitalVideoCameraManuals数码录音笔DigitalVoiceRecorder数码录音笔驱动DigitalVoiceRecorderDrivers数码录音笔应用程序DigitalVoiceRecordTools数码录音笔固件DigitalVoiceRecordFirmwares数码录音笔说明书DigitalVoiceRecordManuals摄像头WebCamera摄像头驱动WebCameraDrivers摄像头说明书WebCameraManuals笔记本Notebook笔记本电脑BIOSNotebookBIOS笔记本电脑驱动NotebookDrivers笔记本电脑工具NotebookTools笔记本说明书NotebookManuals上网本Netbook上网本BIOSNetbookBIOS上网本驱动NetbookDrivers上网本工具NetbookTools上网本说明书NetbookManuals品牌机DesktopPC品牌机BIOSDesktop PCBIOSdesktop英音：['deskt?p]美音：['d?sktɑp]品牌机驱动DeskktopPCDrivers品牌机说明书DesktopPCManuals打印机Printer打印机驱动PrinterDrivers打印机应用程序PrinterTools打印机说明书PrinterManuals扫描仪驱动ScannerDriversscanner英音：['sk?n?]美音：['sk?n?]扫描仪说明书ScannerManuals多功能一体机All-in-OnePrinter多功能一体机驱动All-in-OnePrinterDrivers多功能一体机说明书All-in-OnePrinterManuals投影机 Projectorprojector英音：[pr?'d?ekt?]美音：[pr?'d??kt?]投影机固件ProjectorFirmwares投影机说明书ProjectorManuals网卡NetworkCard网卡驱动NetworkCardDrivers网卡应用程序NetworkCardTools无线网卡WirelessNetworkAdapter wireless英音：['wai?lis]美音：['wa?rl?s]无线网卡驱动WirelessNetworkAdapterDrivers adapter英音：[?'d?pt?]美音：[?'d?pt?]无线网卡应用程序WirelesssNetworkAdapterToolsModem调制解调器Modem调制解调器驱动ModemDrivers路由器Routerrouter英音：['ru:t?]美音：['rut?]路由器固件RouterFirmwares路由器说明书RouterManuals交换机Switchswitch英音：[swit?]美音：[sw?t?]交换机固件SwitchFirmwares交换机说明书SwitchManuals网络存储设备NetworkAttachedStorageattached英音：[?'t?t?t]美音：[?'t?t?t]storage英音：['st?:rid?]美音：['stor?d?]网络存储设备固件NetworkAttachedStorageFirmwares网络存储设备应用程序NetworkAttachedStorageTools网络存储设备说明书NetworkAttachedStorageManuals/PDAMobilePhone/PDA/PDAMobilePhone/PDATools驱动及应用程序MobilePhone/PDATools/PDA驱动及应用程序/PDA固件MobilePhone/PDAFirmwares/PDA说明书MobilePhone/PDAManualsGPS设备GPSGPS设备固件GPSFirmwaresGPS设备说明书GPSManuals蓝牙设备Bluetooth蓝牙设备驱动BluetoothDrivers 蓝牙设备说明书BluetoothManuals LEXMARK手写板设备PenTable ttablet英音：['t?blit]美音：['t?bl?t]手写板驱动PenTabletDrivers手写板应用程序PenTabletTools手写板说明书PenTabletManuals鼠标键盘设备Mouse/Keyboard鼠标键盘驱动Mouse/KeyboardDrivers鼠标键盘应用程序Mouse/KeyboardTools鼠标键盘说明书Mouse/KeyboardManuals游戏机GameConsoleconsole英音：[k?n's?ul]美音：[k?n'sol]游戏机固件GameconsoleFirmwares 游戏机说明书GameConsoleManuals游戏手柄Gamepad游戏驱动GamePadDrivers游戏手柄应用程序GamePadTools游戏手柄说明书GamePadManuals其它音频设备OtherSoundDevice其它音频设备驱动OtherSoundDevicesDrivers其它音频设备应用程序OtherSoundDevicesTools其它音频设备说明书OtherSoundDevicesManualsSCSI/RAID控制器SCSI/RAIDControllerSCSI/RAID控制器驱动SCSI/RAIDControllerDriversSCSI/RAID控制器固件SCSI/RAIDControllerFirmwares其他类别驱动OtherDriver微软系统软件补丁MicrosoftPatchespatch英音：[p?t?]美音：[p?t?]其他OthersMydrivers 驱动之家软件MydriversSoftware驱动精灵DriverGeniusSoftware驱动光盘MydriversUniversalDriversISO万能驱动UniversalDrivers高氯酸阿胶行湿消化, 导数火 原子收光技术定阿 中的、中药三大 人、鹿茸和阿 。
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使用寿命
Not activated
未启动
Activated
已启动
Node id
节点编号（工厂设置）
Language in use (english)
当前使用语种（英语）
Pressure unit
压力单位
Temperat unit
温度单位
卸载
Delay at signal
得信号后延时时间
Display test
显示屏的（测试）
Safety valve
安全阀的（测试）
Outputs
输出点的（测试）
Enter code
要求输入密码
parameters
控制参数设置
Protections
保护功能设置
Service plan
保养计划设置
Clock function
紧急停止关闭
Rem stay stop open
遥控起动停止与打开
Rem load unl open
遥控加载卸载与打开
Rem pressure open
遥控压力打开
Overload motor closed
电机过载关闭
Overl fanmotor closed
风扇电机过载关闭
Open
开
All conditions are ok
一切正常
Status data
状态数据
Measure data
实测数据
Element outlet
出口温度
shd
停机
Mod
修改
Protections
保护
主要菜单参数
Status data
状态参数
Measure data
运行实测数据
Counters
计时器
Test
测试
Modify params
修改参数
service
可设置极限值
Load delay
加载延时
Nr starts/day
每日允许启动次数
Min stop time
最小停机—启动间隔
Prog stop time
停机程序停机时间
Commun time out
通讯超时溢出时间
Service timer
保养计时
Level (a b c d)
保养级别(a b c d )
运行时间
Loaded hours hrs
加载时间
Motor starts
电机启动次数
Module hors hrs
控制器运行时间
Load relay
加载继电器运行次数
Compr outlet bar
压缩机出口压力
Op oil separ bar
油分压差
Lement outlet C
出口温度
Emergency stop closed
定时器功能的设置
Configuration
静态参数（时间。日期）
Loading press
加载压力点
Unloading press
卸载压力点
Loading press2
第二压力带加载压力点
Unloading press2
第二压力带卸载压力点
Min
最小值
Max
最大值
Y- -time
星三角转换延时
Prog limits
英文
中文
Compr outlet bar
出口压力
Auto unlouded
自动卸载
Menu
菜单
Unld
卸载
Auto operation
自动操作
Localcontrol
本地控制
Timer inactive
定时器激活
Main
主要
Help
帮助
Max pressure bap
最大压力
Running hours hrs
机器保养
Saved data
已存储数据（最后五次停机）
子菜单主要参数
All conditions are ok
一切正常
Closed
触点状态（闭合）
Open
触点状态（打开）
Serv max
保养前最高许用值
Shd max
停机前最高许用值
Shdw max
停机预警前最高许用值
Shd
停机
Shdw
停机预警
Unld