2020版高考英语大二轮专题复习新方略专练：专题一阅读理解词义猜测题专练(三)——句意猜测类Word版含解析

词义猜测题专练(三)——句意猜测类
A
[2019·贵阳市高三适应性考试(一)] Elena Griffing has just spent her 72nd year working for the same San Francisco Bay Area hospital, and she has no plans to stop working anytime soon. The hospital has seen her recent 92nd birthday.
For Griffing, who has held several different positions in her decades of employment, every day on the job is a celebration. She can't wait to go to work every day and likes doing anything to help patients and others. She has taken only four days of sick leave in her 72 years of work.
On a Sunday about 17 years ago, she had her appendix (阑尾) cut off at the Berkeley facility. The following day, she put on her dress, walked one floor down from her hospital room and got to work. But when the doctor got wind, he sent her home.
Griffing's first day on the job was April 10, 1946, when she was 20. She worked there with founder and nurse Alta Alice Miner Bates. Her first job in the hospital was in the lab, where a woman's urine (尿) was put into animals like frogs and rabbits to determine if she had a baby. Griffing was the_right-hand_woman__to_the_doctor and quickly became experienced in the job.
Now, she is living a regular and comfortable life, enjoying gardening, jazz and coming to work. If she has her way, she'll keep working “until they throw me out or they carry me out in a box”．
体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：一个工作了72年的护士
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个在医院连续工作72年的护士的爱岗敬业的故事。

【熟词生义】leave常用义：v.离开
例句：He was not allowed to leave the country. 他不被允许离开这个国家。

本句义：n. 休假
例句：I enclose the doctor's certificate and ask you for sick leave
of two days.现附上医生证明并向您请病假两天。

【难句分析】Her first job in the hospital was in the lab, where a woman's urine (尿) was put into animals like frogs and rabbits to determine if she had a baby.
分析：本句是一个复合句。

where引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the lab; if引导宾语从句。

译文：她在医院的第一份工作是在实验室里把一位女士的尿液注入诸如青蛙和兔子等动物(的身体中)来确定她是否怀孕。

1．What does Griffing think about her work in the hospital?
A．It is a money-earning job.
B．It is a birthday celebration.
C．It is enjoyable.
D．It is helpful to her illness.
答案与解析：C考查推理判断。

根据第二段第一句“For Griffing, who has held several different positions in her decades of employment, every day on the job is a celebration”可知，在医院工作的每一天对Griffing来讲都是一种庆祝。

由此可推知，Griffing 认为在医院的工作是令人愉快的，故选C项。

2．What does the underlined part “the right-hand woman to the doctor” mean?
A．The woman newly being a doctor.
B．The woman good at helping the doctor.
C．The woman good at using the doctor's right hand.
D．The woman knowing nothing about the doctor.
答案与解析：B考查句意猜测。

根据第四段最后一句中的“quickly became experienced in the job”可推知，画线部分所在句表示Griffing是医生的得力助手，并很快对工作娴熟起来，故选B 项。

3．When will Griffing probably stop working?
A．When she is 94 years old.
B．When she is dead.
C．When she is 72 years old.
D．When her appendix is cut off.
答案与解析：B考查推理判断。

根据最后一段最后一句“If she has her way, she'll keep working ‘until they throw me out or they carry me out in a box’”可推知，对Griffing来说，她将是生命不
息，工作不止，故选B项。

4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Never Too Old to Work
B．A Right-hand Woman
C．The Oldest Woman in the Hospital
D．An Old Woman Without Her Appendix
答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。

根据第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了一个在医院连续工作72年的护士爱岗敬业的故事，而且这名护士将是生命不息，工作不止，故选A项。

B
[2019·潍坊高考模拟] It's not easy feeling like you're always under the spotlight being judged for each little mistake you make. Your mind is in an endless circle playing what you said and did over and over again. You wish you had a time capsule to go back and make things right if you find mistakes. You fear what others will think about you and that they will reject and dislike you. You seek to be socially perfect.
Academically, you work long endless hours just to make those excellent marks. Although most would say “it's good to have high standards，” they have no idea about the internal hell you put yourself through to achieve perfection. If you come up less than your desired goal you feel as though you have failed, but you're far from failing, you just don't see it that way. So instead you are telling yourself that you're stupid, and not smart. The pressure you place on yourself weighs you down and you wear the “not good enough”label each and every day.
You not only have high standards for yourself but you also have them for others. If people don't perform up to your expectations, then you think they are incompetent. This causes a lot of frustration because you can't trust anyone to get things right. So instead of being a team player you fly solo (单飞) and try to do two or three jobs at once. Your unrealistic expectations cause you to criticize and judge others and that leads to problems in other areas of your life.
The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and it's the unachievable American dream that's damaging our emotional and mental health. We strive for perfection with our body, in our
Paragraph 4?
A．More and more people are tolerating mistakes.
B．The society is partly to blame for perfectionism.
C．Many young people find it impossible to be perfect.
D．It's unusual for a society to seek perfectionism nowadays.
答案与解析：B考查句意猜测。

根据第四段中的“The attempt to be perfect is called perfectionism and... in our relationships.”可知，美国梦就是追求完美，这个无法实现的梦想正在破坏着我们的情感和心理健康。

美国梦代表的是美国社会，而这个夸大错误、追求完美的社会对年轻人追求完美的行为产生了一定影响，所以这个社会应为完美主义负部分责任，故选B项。

8．What does the author think of imperfection?
A．It's part of our life.
B．It's unbearable.
C．It deserves to be overcome.
D．It does harm to our mental health.
答案与解析：A考查推理判断。

根据文章最后一段可知，我们都有缺点，都会犯错误，正是这些不完美使得我们的生活变得有趣，帮助我们成为更强大且适应性更强的人，所以它是我们生活的一部分，故选A项。

C
[2019·长沙四校高考模拟卷(一)]Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of hard work, his dream has come true. The house is now in the early stages of building.
Six years ago, Josh and his dad went into a Habitat for Humanity ReStore, a home improvement store and donation center run by the nonprofit organization. They were there to buy a sink. Josh, then 11, also noticed a collection of pennies. “I instantly felt the urge to help out with that，” he said. Josh set a fundraising (筹款) deadline of four years. Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000, but it didn't shake his faith. He raised money at his school and other nearby schools. He collected money from neighbors, got publicity from local newspapers, and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
Josh's fundraising efforts began to produce results. Still, there were challenges. Four months before his deadline, he was
$30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $19,000.
“I didn't care how long it took me，”Josh said. “I would raise $100,000.”With three weeks left, a company called Josh's house, offering to donate $18,000. Eventually, Josh reached a total of $124,000 before his deadline. “The___momentum_just_kept_going,_and we decided to do more，” he said. “Josh's Penny House” is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new townhouses. Josh has helped with some of the construction, as have other volunteers. He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
Next year, the 17-year-old will head to college in British Columbia, Canada's westernmost province. As an 11-year-old kid when starting fundraising, Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world. No matter how old you are, if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it, it can come true.
体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：募捐建房
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

一个11岁的少年因一次偶然的经历，决定为低收入家庭募捐建房，经过数年的不懈努力，实现了这一梦想。

9．Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in paragraph 2?
A．Straightforward. B．Open-minded.
C．Determined. D．Cautious.
答案与解析：C考查推理判断。

结合文中对Josh Morrison 筹款过程的描述以及第二段中的“Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000, but it didn't shake his faith”可知，尽管很多人怀疑他是不是能在四年中完成这件事，但是他信念坚定。

由此可见他是“意志坚定的”，故选C项。

10．Why was the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge held?
A．To call for more attention.
B．To attain his goal.
C．To win approval from the locals.
D．To find sponsors for a family.
答案与解析：B考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“his goal of $100,000”和第三段中的“Still, there were challenges. Four months before his deadline, he was $30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair... $19,000”可知，在截止日期前的四个月，离他的筹款目标还差30 000美元，于是他决定举办这个活动来达到目标，故选B项。

11．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 mean?
A．His project became more popular.
B．He received continuous donations.
C．The result was beyond expectations.
D．He got more support from the company.
答案与解析：B考查句意理解。

根据下文中的“we decided to do more”以及“‘Josh's Penny House’is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new townhouses. Josh has helped with some of the construction”可知，捐款势头一直保持下去，他收到了比最初目标多的钱，于是打算做更多，他帮助建造Josh's Penny House以及24所新住宅来帮助需要的人，所以画线处应意为“他继续收到捐款”，故选B项。

12．What will be the best title of the text?
A．An Astonishing Fundraiser
B．A Boy with a Warm Heart
C．Kindness from a Company
D．The Penny House Dream
答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。

文章主要讲述了一个11岁的少年经过几年不懈的努力，实现为低收入家庭募捐建房的梦想的经历。

本文提到的“Josh's Penny House”是解题的暗示。

钱是Josh一分分筹来的，因此本文最佳标题是D项。