高中英语_必修一 unit4 语法教学设计学情分析教材分析课后反思

教学设计
Teaching aims:
1.Knowledge goals (知识目标)
Let the students fully understand the attributive clause
2.Ability goals (能力目标)
Develop the students’ reading and writing skills
自学探究合作解疑
Task one
✧This is a moving story. （形容词作前置定语）
✧The cup broken by Tom is mine. （介词短语作后置定语）
✧The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister.（定语从句）
总结：单个单词作定语通常放在名词________, 作____________.
短语和从句作定语常放在名词________, 作____________.
Task two
定语从句:用来修饰名词或代词，放在名词或代词之后.
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词。

关系代词：who，whom, that, which, whose 关系副词：where, when, why 定语从句的种类:
限制性定语从句: 对先行词起修饰和限定作用,是不可缺少的成分, 在句中没有逗号.
非限制性定语从句: 非限制性定语从句中的附加信息可以省去, 句中有逗号 .
He didn’t finish his homework, which made the teacher angry.
精讲精练答疑解惑
Task one
关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略)
The man (whom/who) I talked with is our teacher.
1. The boy _______ is strong is Tom.
2. The man_________________ everyone likes is kind.
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)
The apple _______ is red is mine.
Can you lend me the book ___________you talked about last night.
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine ________ can fly.
He is the man _________I talked with.
(1) The scientist is very famous. We met her yesterday.
The scientist ______________________ we met yesterday is very famous. (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress ________________she is wearing is new.
5. whose 人/ 物作定语表所属关系
This is the girl ________ mother is a doctor.
This is the house ________ windows face south.
注意：如果whose所修饰的是物，常用“ the +名词+of which ” 代替“whose+名词”
(1)This is the building whose walls are green.
This is the building the walls of which are green.
(2)The dictionary whose cover has come off is mine.
The dictionary ______________________has come off is mine.
6. as引导的定语从句
(1)as 引导非限制性定语从句，用于固定搭配中，意思是“正如”。

as引导的从句可放在句前，句中或句后。

而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在句后,指前面提到的那件事。

As we all know, China has made great progress in the past few years.
He didn’t finish his homework, which made the teacher angry.
(2)as 引导限制性定语从句，要满足两个条件
①句中有the same和 such。

②从句中缺成分，as可以作主语，宾语和表语。

I want the same car as he drives.（as作宾语）我想有一辆他开的一样的车。

注意：
1. 只用that不用which的情况
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时。

I am sure she has something ____________ you can borrow.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the first book __________he has read.
(3)先行词被the only, the very , the same, the last 修饰时。

This is the very book _________ belongs to him.
(4)先行词被all, every, much , some, any, little, no,等修饰时。

I’ve read all the books ___________ are not mine.
(5)当先行词中既有人也有物时。

We often talk about the persons and things _________ we remember.
(6) 以疑问词 who, which 开头的疑问句为避免重复用 that.
Who is the boy ________ shook hands with you just now?
2. 只用which不用that的情况
(1)引导非限制性定语从句时。

(that 不引导非限制性定语从句)
Tom broke the cup, _________ made his mother angry. (which 指前面提到的那件事)
(2)当关系词前有介词时
This is the room in _________ my family live.
3.one of +复数名词中,关系代词引导的从句中的谓语动词用复数,
但如果one前有the only修饰时,谓语动词用单数。

✧This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
✧This is the only one of the most interesting questions that _________ been
asked.
Task two
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
一．关系代词的选择
先行词是人用介词 + whom 先行词是物用介词 + which
1.Do you know the man with _________ Mr. Black talked just now?
2.We can’t find the house in _________ we used to live.
二. 介词的选用原则
1) 根据从句中谓语动词的搭配。

如：
① This is the book _______ which I spent 8 yuan. This is the book _________ which I paid 8 yuan.
2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。

如：
①I remember the day ____ which I joined the League.
②I remember the month ______ which I stayed there.
注意：
1. 含有介词的动词短语不拆开，介词仍放在短语的后面。

如：look for, look after, take
care of
①This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for.
2. the way 作先行词
①作主语或宾语，关系词用that或which
②作方式状语，关系词用that 或in which或省略
The way ____________________ he answered the questions was surprising.
I don’t like the way ______________ you thought of.
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, 等
代词时：
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. Task three
关系副词引导的定语从句
一定语从句中关系副词有：when, where, why
He remembered the day_________ I arrived in this big city.
I went back to the place__________ I was born and grew up.
Please give me the reason__________ you were late this time.
1. when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语。

We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.
2. where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。

Can you tell me the company __________ he works?
Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily.
where 引导的定语从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间概念的名词，如 case(情况), point(地步)
situation(情形), position(位置), stage(阶段)…
What are some situations_____________ body language is the only form of communication?
3. why在定语从句中作原因状语，它的先行词是reason，
Can you tell me the reason ________________ you didn’t come to his birthday party?注意：并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。

We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside. which在定语从句中作宾语
比较: We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside. when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days。

We believe the reason that he told us.
比较: The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.
4. 关系副词when, where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词(名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。

when 相当于“at/in/on/during + which”
where 相当于“in/at/on + which”
why 相当于“for + which”
Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum?
Please put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it.
This is the reason why/for which he didn’t come to the meeting.
结论：只有当“介词+关系代词”充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。

当堂达标
1. This is the book _____ I am looking for.
2. The man to _____ I spoke last night is very good at wrestling.
3. Do you like the book _____which she learned a lot?
4. Do you like the book _______ she often talks?
5. Is this the reason _______ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
高考链接
（2015全国）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the
limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River___________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
佳句链接
1.我想借此机会表达你对我慷慨帮助的感激之情，没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此快的进步。

2.我努力学习的原因是我想被重点大学录取。

I'd like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for your generous help , without which I wouldn't make such rapid progress.
The reason why I spare no effort to study hard is that I want to be admitted into a key university.
Homework
用所学定语从句造句
学情分析：
我所教的班级是实验班，大部分同学对英语很感兴趣。

但有几名同学存在严重的偏科现象，这些同学往往理科思维很强，语言学科方面比较薄弱。

针对这一现象，我采取了分层教学，每堂课设计都是由易到难、由简入繁、循序渐进地把学生引入英语学习环境中来。

效果分析：
本节是一节语法课，又是定语从句这一高考重点和难点。

整节课的整体效果没有热火朝天的讨论，而是学生安静的思考，分析句子成分。

学生们至始至终都听得非常认真，一直紧跟老师的步骤。

积极思考每一个问题。

在最后的当堂检测中，同学们都积极回答对了每一个问题。

说明这堂课的授课效果还是不错的。

到了最后佳句链接部分，学生在背诵时都非常认真，每位学生都在全身心的投入这堂课，作为他们的老师，我感到很欣慰。

毕竟，定语从句是一大难点，也许还有一小部分孩子存在一些疑问，我会在课下一一作答。

教材分析：
我讲的是高中英语必修一unit4的语法——定语从句。

本课是复习课，是对学完两课时的语法进行复习。

定语从句对高中英语语法来说是一个非常重要的语法点，它在高考中占得比重也是举足轻重的。

高考各种题型它都无处不在。

甚至在作文中，轻轻松松的写出几个定语从句也能为你的作文增添光彩。

因此，对于定语从句我们要重点掌握。

测评练习：
语法填空：（用所学关系代词和关系副词填空）
1. This is the book _____ I am looking for.
2. The man to _____ I spoke last night is very good at wrestling.
3. Do you like the book _____which she learned a lot?
4. Do you like the book _______ she often talks?
5. Is this the reason _______ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
课后反思
在语法教学中，定语从句是重点内容之一，也是其中的难点之一。

高一学生在初三下学期学过一点有关知识，但是通过前半期的检测发现学生几乎忘光了。

所以在高一阶段只有全部重来。

这一堂课不是教师对语法规则的满堂灌,而是体现了新课标的精神,把语言的形式、意义和用法有机的结合起来,使学生在语境中了解和掌握定语从句的关系代词的用法,这种学习就是学生的学习过程。

个人学习在先,然后是小组学习,出现问题了,最后才是教师的点拨和引导。

这种学习方式体现了学生自主学习、探究学习和合作学习的特点。

因此,我认为语法课堂教学不是教师的教,而是学生的学的学习过程。

要真正体现学生的学,教师在语法教学中要注意培养学生探究的学习方式,引导学生靠自己的观察和实践来发现问题的答案。

在教学过程中教师只是起引导、点播、组织的作用。

教师的教学实际上是导学式的教学。

以上只是我在教学中的一点尝试,希望能与大家一起共享。

当然，定语从句是一个复杂的语言现象，包括关系词的具体选用、特殊用法，非限制性、限制性定语从句，特殊的句式，介词+关系代词等用法。

这些都需要一个循序渐进的过程，不可超之过急。

课标分析：
社会生活的信息化和经济的全球化，使英语的重要性日益突出。

定语从句是英语教学中的重点和难点，我们要在新课标的指导下，改变教学策略，突出培养学生的语言运用能力，体现学生的主体地位，激发他们的学习积极性和主动性。

定语从句这一语法也不是孤立存在的，在阅读理解、语篇填空及完形填空的长难句分析中都有体现，并且对做好语法填空和改错都有很大帮助。

新课标中指出，此次英语改革的重点就是要强调从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和知识水平出发，倡导体验、实践、参考与交
流的学习方式和任务型的教学途径，发展学生的综合语言运用能力。

使语言学习的过程成为学生形成积极的情感态度、主动思维和大胆实践，提高跨文化意识和形成主动学习能力的过程。