牛津译林版八年级上8AUnit6知识点梳理

8A Unit 6 知识点解析与练习
1. birdwatching n. 观鸟 watch the birds 动词短语 观鸟
去观鸟 go birdwatching = go to watch the birds
2. market [C] 市场 在市场 at/in the market
去市场上观鸟 go to the market to watch the birds = go birdwatching at the market
3. society 社会[U];协会[C] There are many _____________________ （协会）in my school.
加入观鸟协会 join the Birdwatching Society
social 社会的 adj.
4. wetland 湿地[C] 在湿地 ________________ the wetlands
5. feather 羽毛[C] fur 皮毛[U] the bird with brown and grey _________________
6. 天鹅 __________ 麻雀 ____________ 鹤 ________ 鹰 _________ 丹顶鹤 _____
一只鹰 ______________________
7. wing 翅膀[C] one of its broad brown __________________ （翅膀）
8. 你最喜欢什么鸟 ? What 's your favourite bird? = What bird do you like best?
9. 鹤长什么样 ? What do cranes look like? = How do cranes look? = What are cranes like?
10. types of cranes 鹤的种类 How many types of cranes are there in the world?
11. rare 稀有的； perfect
完美的； favourite 最爱
的； top 顶尖的；
excellent 极好的 以上形容词无最高级和比较级
Red-crowned cranes is one of the
12. nature 自然 n.
（ 羽毛 ）
（ 稀有的 ） birds in the world. natural 自然的 , 天然的 adj. reserve 保护区 n. [C] many nature reserves 自然界 : the ___________________ world
a nature reserve
13. north 北 south 南 east 东 west 西 东南 south-east 西北 north-west
在中国东北 in North-east China = in the north-east of China 在中国东部 in East China
= in the east of China in 在范围内部 t o 在范围外部
Japan is _______ the west of China and Taiwan is ____
14. one of +限定词 +形容词最高级 +复数
one of the world 's most important wetlands = _____________
15. 为某人提供某物 provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.
offer sth to sb. = offer sb. sth.
provide a lot of wildlife with food and cover = provide ________
16. cover n. 庇护所 [U]; 封面 [C] food and cover 食物和庇护所
v. 覆盖 ; 包括 cover an area of 100 square meters 占地面积 100 平方米
17. …的地方: a place for sth; a place to do sth; …的家园 : be home to …
问题的答案 : the answer to the question; the key to the question; 一些珍稀鸟类的完美之地
a perfect place ________________________________________
一个观鸟的完美之地 __ 丹顶鹤的第二大家园 ___
18. all year round 常年 =
19. stay the south-east of China. red-crowned cranes
20. while n. 停留 , 逗留 go there ______________________ v. 停留 , 暂住 stay there ____________________
n. 一会儿 , 一段时间 run only for a short while conj. 然而 I like
English while my brother likes Maths.
V.动作，行动
actor 男演员（n.） actress 女演员（n.） action 行动（n.） （ 去那里做短暂停
留 ） _（去那里做短暂停留 ） 21. act actiVe 活跃的 （adj.） inactiVe 不活跃的 （adj.） actiVity 活动 （n.） 更活
跃的
22. 在白天 ________ the daytime 在夜晚 at night 23.leave v 离开；剩下 过去式 ___________ There be …left / Sb. have 还剩下…（固定句式）
Hurry up! The train _____________ There are not many cranes ______ 24. per cent = precent 百分之五十
1) . per cent of 后加名词 时，名词前要加 限定词 40 percent of them; 50 percent of the water
2) . per cent of 后加可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数
后加不可数名词或单数名词时，谓语动词用单数
In this village, 90 percent of the water ________ (be) polluted( 被污染)but only 1 percent of the childre n ___________ (be) ill last year.
3) 对百分比提问要用 what 40 percent of the cranes live in Zhal ong. What percent of the cranes live in Zhal ong?
25. space [U] have/make space for … 为…腾出空间
为农场和建筑物腾出更多空间 _______________________________________________
越来越少的空间 _______
26. lead v.领导，带领 lead to (doing)导致做某事 27. Moreover,
Otherwise, They didn ' They did n '
28. kee p (on) doing sth. = not stop doing sth.
He didn ‘ t stop practicing English. = He _________________________ E nglish.
Keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 Sorry for keeping you _____________ (wait).
29. prevent sb. (from) doing sth. = stop sb. (from) doing sth. = keep sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事
他不让我等你。

He kee ps me from wait ing for you. = He prevents me wait ing for you.
30. study n.学习，研究[U] for further study;书房[C] two studies
v.学习，研究 study differe nt types of cranes
31. record their types and changes in their numbers 记录他们的类型和数量上的变化
1) . record v.记录 n.记录 break a record 打破纪录
2) . change vi. 变化 The weather changes.天气变了。

vt.改变 It changed me.它改变了我。

n. [C] cha nges in the nu mbers.
in area / in size / in height / in weight
tourist 旅行者[C]
the descri pti on(s) of
n.
n.重要性
This message is of great importance. = This message is __________________ .
对…重要 ___________________________ = _____________________________________
野生动物保护区的重要性 ______________________________________________
36. 世界上的其他地方 ______________ p arts of the world
37. To-infinitives (动词不定式小结)
1. 构成：不定式的基本形式：to +动词原形，有时可以省略to 。

这里的to 是不定式符号，本 身无词义。

动词不定式的否定形式是“ not (+to)+动词原形”。

2. 用法：
(leave).
_(leave) in the world.
领导者，首领 ____________
____ (fail) in the game.
However, …但是=…but …
As a result, 结果 =…so … , they asked the p olice for help. , they
still could n
过去式__ It led to _ …此外=What ' s more, •否则=…or … ; t give up Horag for the girl. _ t give up look ing for the girl. '
t find 3). in 在某方面 32. tour n.旅行 33. count and describe the birds 数鸟并描述鸟
describe vt.扌苗述 n.[C] descri p tion 34. understand vt.理解，明白 过去式 35. im porta nt adj.重要的 不重要的 _ be imp orta nt = be of imp orta nee 重要的
1) .作主语：不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为
：
It + be + adj.什for sb.) + 动词不定式。

It ' s important for us _________________ (protect) cranes.
2) .作表语：当主语是dream/work/duty/job/purpose等词时，常用to do作表语。

My dream is ____________ (be) a social worker.
My work is _____________ (record) the cha nges in their nu mbers.
3) .作宾语：
⑴•一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示命令、打算或希望，如:would like, want, wish, hope, decide, pIan 等。

I hope __________ (be) a member of the Birdwatch ing Society.
(2).在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面。

I find it meanin gful ____________ (build) more reserves.
4) .作宾语补足语:不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主动关系。

Lucy asked him not to catch the bird for money. (对划线部分提问)
________ _________ Lucy ask him ________ ____________ ___________ f or mon ey? tell、ask、want、would like、invite、order(命令卜wish、allow(允许卜encourage(鼓励)、advise warn(警告)等后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。

to。

注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，此时不定式要省略
这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看
(look at, see, watch, notice)。

Mr. Wu makes me ____________ (describe) more clearly about the swan ‘ s feathers.
5) .不定式作定语：
(1).动词不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后，与名词有逻辑上的被动关系。

Would you like someth ing _______________ (drin k)?
⑵.如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有被动关系, 要在不定式后加上适当的介词。

没有什么可担心的。

There is nothing __________________________ .
这是一个可居住的完美房屋。

It ' s a perfect house _______________________ .
6) .不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how 连用作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。

Miss Zhang told me what to do. (what to do = what I should do)
He didn ‘ t know whei®go. (where to go= where he should go)
注意：不定式和含有介词to的固定搭配的区别：
在含有介词的短语中，有的介词是to,此时to后面需要接名词、代词或动词的ing形式，注意与to do不定式区分。

look forward to 期盼，盼望做某事；lead to 导致
Sometimes, look ing forward to winning too much leads to faili ng in stead.
有时太期望赢反而会导致失败。

38. to do表目的时，等于in order to do,均可放于句末，也可放于句首(首字母大写谑号隔开) 否定为in order not to do.
In order ____________ (not be) late, he gets up much earlier tha n usual.
39. take photos of birds 扌白鸟的照片；draw pictures of birds 画鸟的图画
include birds in the poems 将鸟写入诗中；at bird shows 在鸟展上
40. have to do sth.不得不做某事(有时态和单复数变化)
41. 一双舒适的鞋 ________________________ 一副望远镜___________________________
42. 走很长的路walk a long way
43. fly (to the) south for the win ter = fly (to the) south to spend the win ter 飞往南方过冬
fly --- 过去式____________
44. facts about …于…现状
45. 占地面积… cover an area of
•- = have an area of 面积…irFOu e a/in size
平方千米square kilometres
46. the health of peopie all over the world 全世界人们的健康
47. take 1).携带take sth. with sb.某人随身携带某物(主语是人)
What else should we take with us? 我们还要随身携带什么东西 ？
2).花费 it takes sb. some time to do sth.(主语必须是 it 或 sth.)
It takes hours to watch the birds. 观鸟通常要花费数小时。

Flying to the south _________ the birds over three hours every year. (spen d/cost/take/pay) 类比 make 1).使役动词 make sb. do sth.; make sb. adj. 2).制作 make a pumpkin lantern
3) .发出 make sounds 发出声音
发出美妙的声音 __________
不同的鸟叫声听起来很美妙。

The cold weather makes the birds _________ (fly) south.
He _________ (make) a paper rose ___________ (make) his mother happy the other day. 类比 get 1).系动词 变得 get hungry/tired/thirsty thirsty — thirst ier 2).实义动词，得到 After getting a new present, he get much happier. 得至U —份新礼物后，他变得更高兴了。

48. ______ clear adj.清晰的 比较级 ;adv.清晰地
_________ adv.比较级 ___________
;adv.简单地 ___________________ adv.比较级
adj. & adv.比较级 ___________________
英语学得越早，记单词就会越简单。

_____________ you lear n En glish, __________________ y ou can remember the words.
49. else adj.别的,其他的(可置于不定代词或 wh-疑问词后)
An ythi ng else? 还有别的什么吗？ what else/who else
50. Take a notebook with you to write dow n what you see. 随身带个笔记本以便记下你看到的 东西。

1). to do 表目的； 2). write it/ them down 代词置中
2). what you see 作write down 的宾语从句，所以用陈述句语序
PI ease write dow n what she said. = PI ease write dow n ___________________ .
52. be part of …… 的一部分(无复数，无冠词)
53. application [C] 申请 form [C] 表格 一份申请 ________________________________
一份表格 ________________________ 一份申请表 _________________________________
54. date of birth 出生日期
55. address [C]地址 一个地址 ____________________ 地址复数 ____________________
56. interest [C]兴趣 adj.有趣的 ___________________ 对…感兴趣 __________________ 短语：对…感兴趣 be interested in (doing) sth. 兴趣和爱好 ______________________________ I find Miss Zha ng very _____________.
I find Miss Zhang very _____________in eat ing sweets.
57. free time 空余时间 when sb. be free = ____________________
58. introduce vt.介绍 [C]介绍 __________________________________
把A 介绍给B _____________________ 请让我自我介绍 _______________________________
59. learn about 了解 … learn more about … 对…了解更多
differe nt ki nds of 不同种类的 all kin ds of 各种各样的 动植物 p la nts and ani mals
60. be a member of = be in = join
61. 参加保护野生动物的活动 ____________________________
62. do someth ing to p rotect them= _______ to p rotect them= 63. from …to 从•…到… 何加时间或地点)
发出不同的鸟叫声 easy adj.简单的比较级 early to P rotect them
64. call sb. on +电话号码给某人打电话email sb. at +邮箱地址给某人发邮件。