六年级英语阅读理解应试技巧+专项训练练习题(含答案解析)

部编六年级英语阅读理解应试技巧
阅读是增长知识获取信息的主要途径，阅读能力是英语教学的重点。

近年来，注重对阅读理解能力的考核已成为部编小升初的一大趋势。

阅读理解能力影响并制约听、说、读、写能力的形成和发展，英语教学大纲也把培养阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标。

要做好阅读理解，应从以下几方面入手。

分门别类识别文体
随着信息时代的到来，阅读内容更趋于信息化、时代化，突破了单一的故事、寓言等题材，内容涉及新闻、广告、科普、医疗、教育等，文章的体裁也从记叙扩大到产品说明、逻辑推理及实际应用等文体。

不同的文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。

记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系、表现，从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等；议论文是阐明作者对人或事好坏的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论；应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格、地址、网址等，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。

统览全篇摘录要点
阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。

如某试卷C篇阅读并回答问题中，通过对全篇的布局谋篇以及问题的设置看到的不是片言只语，而从中感悟到人文思想的体现，人类和自然界生态相辅相成的关系，从而得出第6小题：From the passage, we learn that＿＿＿.答案为B。

即：The rainforest people have done something to protect their home.
在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。

统览全篇，摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。

开动脑筋推测词意
英语学科教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料，换言之，这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程，学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为，可以借助以下的几种方法完成内化过程：
根据上下文猜测词意
如某模拟题，阅读B篇中passed away，根据上文的An illness had kept the boy home.和下文写给Rick的信中可以猜测出意为"去世"。

根据构词法猜测词意
前缀un-表反义词，如：happy－－unhappy，fair－－unfair，important－－unimportant等。

后缀-ment表名词，如：develop－－development，state－－statement，argue－－argument 等。

后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词，如：calculate－－calculator，visit－－-visitor，law－－lawyer，wai－－waiter，science－－scientist，art－－artist等。

用知识和生活经验理解短文
如：根据化学知识，可以理解科普读物Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen.根据生活经验可以理解Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.
根据逻辑推理理解短文
逻辑推理实际上就是文章的"弦外之音"、"言下之意"。

如：某试卷阅读C篇回答问题中，根据：Have the police taken your driving licence away, too?可以推断问题6：Why was the other man riding a bicycle instead of diving a car?的答案为：Because the police had take his driving license away.
再如：Then they cam e to the second picture. The assistant was going to draw the cloth as he did before. As soon as he touched the cloth，he cried, Wonderful It's the best picture I have ever seen!据此可以推断出第二张画画的是一块布。

条分缕析理解长句
长句是初中生阅读理解的难点之一，长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次，先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。

如：Parents whose children show a special interesting particular sport have a difficult decision to make about their children's career.先找出本句的主、谓、宾为Parents have a cession.再找出修饰语Whose children show a special interesting particular sport.为Parents的定语从句，difficult修饰decision，to make about their children's careers为不定式做decision的定语。

经过分析，化整为零，化繁为简，此句就不难理解了。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解(一)
It's Saturday afternoon. What is my family doing? My mother is in the kitchen. She is cooking. We will have potatoes and some meat for dinner. I like them. My father is in his bedroom. He is working on the computer. He is very busy. My brother is in the living room. He is watching TV. He likes to watch basketball games. My grandmother is in her bedroom. She is watering the flowers. They are very beautiful. I am in the study. I'm reading a book. It's interesting. I like it very much. This is a wonderful afternoon.
根据短文内容补全信息。

mother；cooking；kitchen；watching TV；living room；reading a book；study
【解析】【分析】短文描述了作者和家人在家里星期六下午所做的事情，妈妈正在做饭，爸爸正在用电脑工作，哥哥正在看电视，奶奶正在卧室浇花，我正在书房看书，这是一个美好的下午。

（1）根据所给的短文，My grandmother is in her bedroom. She is watering the flowers.我祖母在她的卧室里。

她正在浇花。

故答案为grandmother，her bedroom。

（2）根据所给的短文，My father is in his bedroom. He is working on the computer. 我父亲在他的卧室里。

他正在用电脑工作。

故答案为working.
（3）根据所给的短文，My mother is in the kitchen. She is cooking.我妈妈在厨房里。

她正在做饭。

故答案为mother，cooking，kitchen.
（4）根据所给的短文，My brother is in the living room. He is watching TV. 我哥哥在客厅里。

他在看电视。

故答案为watching TV，living room.
（5）根据所给的短文，I am in the study. I'm reading a book.我在书房里。

我在看书。

故答案为reading a book，study.
【点评】理解短文的意思后，然后根据表格的事项，结合文章的需求填写合适的单词，补全表格使句意完整。

3．阅读理解阅读短文，根据短文填空 It is Saturday. The Browns are at home. Mrs. Brown is in the kitchen. She is making lunch. Mr. Brown isn't in the living room. He is outside. He is washing his car. The car is new and very beautiful. Jim is playing football with some boys. Where is his sister, Sue? She's watching TV in her bedroom with her friend, Ann.
（1）There are ________people in Mr. Brown's family.
（2）Mrs. Brown is ________.
（3）Mr. Brown is ________his car.
（4）________is playing football.
（5）Sue and Ann are ________in Sue's bedroom.
【答案】（1）four
（2）making lunch
（3）washing
（4）Jim
（5）watching TV
【解析】【分析】通读短文了解到，星期六布朗一家在家正在做什么，妈妈正在做饭，爸爸正在洗车，吉姆正在和孩子们踢球，妹妹正在和她的朋友看电视。

（1）通读短文知道，布朗一家有四口人，爸爸，妈妈，哥哥和妹妹。

故答案为four.
（2）根据所给的短文，Mrs. Brown is in the kitchen. She is making lunch. 布朗太太在厨房里。

她正在做午饭。

故答案为making lunch.
（3）根据所给的短文，Mr. Brown isn't in the living room. He is outside. He is washing his car. 布朗先生不在起居室里。

他在外面。

他正在洗车。

故答案为washing.
（4）根据所给的短文，Jim is playing football with some boys.吉姆正在和一些男孩踢足球。

故答案为Jim.
（5）根据所给的短文，Where is his sister, Sue? She's watching TV in her bedroom with her friend, Ann.苏，他的妹妹在哪里？她正在卧室和她的朋友安安一起看电视。

故答案为watching TV.【点评】阅读的关键在看懂短文，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量使用的短
文中词语填写答案。

4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。

Mr.Smith looks young,but he is sixty-eight years old.He has some children.One of his sons is a doctor.The other is studying in America.The daughter is working with her father.Now, Mr.Smith works in a factory near here.He thinks Chinese people are friendly and Chinese food is very good.He can speak a little Chinese.So he goes to Chinese classes every day.He says it is hard to learn Chinese.And he must study hard.
（1）Mr. Smith is a young man.
（2）Mr. Smith has three children.
（3）Mr. Smith's daughter is studying in America.
（4）Mr. Smith thinks Chinese people are not friendly.
（5）He says it's hard to learn Chinese.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】该短文主要是九月一号开学的第一天莉莉的心情及所干的事情。

（1）细节阅读，根据Today is September 1. It's the first day of school.得知这是开学的第一天，故答案为：错误。

（2）细节阅读，根据She wants to meet her friends.得知她想见她的朋友，故答案为：正确。

（3）细节阅读，根据Then she rides her bike to school. 得知她骑自行车去上学，故答案为：错误。

（4）细节阅读，根据Lily thinks she is a nice teacher.得知她的新老师是个很好的妇女，故答案为：正确。

（5）细节阅读，根据Lily meets her new English teacher. Her name is Mrs. Green. 得知格林夫人是她的英语老师，故答案为：正确。

【点评】此题目要求快速阅读文章，把握内容、了解大意，然后细致阅读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词，然后做出选择，完成题目。

5．阅读理解
My summer holiday is coming to the end．During the holiday，we went to Dalian for a visit，
I saw the beautiful sea there，it was really amazing．The sea water was as blue as the sky，and it was very clean．Also，the beach in Dalian was very nice，we built a small sand palace．When I was swimming in the sea，as if I was a little fish．I like that feeling very much．I also spent time to study for school．I read many books，practiced math problems，and I finished all of my homework．I was very happy．
（1）Where did she go during the holiday?
A. Shanghai
B. Dalian
C. Sanya
（2）How about the sea water?
A. blue
B. clean
C. both A and B
（3）What did they do on the beach?
A. Pick up shells
B. Have a sun bath on the beach
C. Built a small sand palace
（4）Did he like swimming in the sea?
A. Yes，he did．
B. Yes，he does．
C. No，he didn't．
（5）Did he finish all his homework?
A. Yes，he did．
B. Yes，he does．
C. No，he didn't．
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者是怎样度过她的暑假的。

（1）细节理解 . 题意：他在假期期间去哪儿了？根据短文中的语句“ During the holiday，we went to Dalian for a visit，”可知她在假期期间去大连了。

故答案为：B .
（2）细节理解 . 题意：海水怎么样？根据短文中的语句“The sea water was as blue as the sky，and it was very clean．”可知海水是蓝色的和干净的。

故答案为：C .
（3）细节理解 . 题意：他们在海滩上做什么？根据短文中的语句“ the beach in Dalian was very nice，we built a small sand palace．”可知他们在海滩上建立了一个小沙宫，故答案为：C .
（4）细节理解 . 题意：他喜欢在海里游泳吗？根据短文中的语句“When I was swimming in the sea，as if I was a little fish．I like that feeling very much．”可知他喜欢在海里游泳，故答案为：A .
（5）细节理解 . 题意：他完成了他所有的作业了吗？根据短文中的语句“I finished all of my homework．”可知他完成了他所有的作业，故答案为：A .
【点评】本题考查对细节的识别能力和推理，答题时注意在文章中寻找答案。

6．阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子是否正确
I was only nine years old when I learnt how to use a computer．My mother is my first teacher．I know how to type，how to copy a file，and how to visit a website on the Internet．One day，mom was not at home．I turned on the computer and began to learn how to
chat on net．The first one I met there was a boy called Tom．He greeted me politely．When he knew that I was only a 9-year-old girl and almost knew nothing about chatting on net，he started showing me how to use the chatting tools，how to download，and how to send e-mails．I learnt a lot from him．
（1）I was only nine years old when I learnt how to use a computer．
（2）When mom was at home．I began to learn how to chat on net．
（3）The first one I met on net was a boy called Tom．
（4）Tom is my first computer teacher．
（5）He showed me how to use the chatting tools．
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】本文主要关于作者学电脑的事。

⑴题意：当我学会如何使用电脑时，我才九岁。

比较本小题题干和短文第一句可知内容是一模一样的，故答案为：正确 .
⑵题意：当妈妈在家里，我开始学着上网聊天。

根据短文中语句“One day，mom was not at home．I turned on the computer and began to learn how to chat on net．”可知我是妈妈不在家时开始学着上网聊天的。

这与题意不符，故答案为：错误 .
⑶题意：我在网上遇到的第一个是一个叫汤姆的男孩。

短文中语句“The first one I met there was a boy called Tom．”的句意是“我在那里遇到的第一个是一个叫汤姆的男孩。

”。

这与题意相符，故答案为：正确.
⑷题意：汤姆是我的第一个计算机老师。

根据第一句和第二句可知妈妈是我的第一个计算机老师。

这与题意不符，故答案为：错误 .
⑸题意：他给我看如何使用聊天工具。

短文中语句“he started showing me how to use the chatting tools，”的句意是“他开始教我如何使用聊天工具。

”。

这与题意相符，故答案为：正确.
【点评】本题考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意在短文中寻找答案。