浙江省杭州市七县(市、区)2018-2019学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题

浙江省杭州市七县（市、区）2018-2019学年高二上学期期末
检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Scott Halley was a farmer...until a year ago. But the farm kept losing money. “You look at the numbers at the end of the pencil.” said Mr. Halley, 44, “and you realize it’s time to try something different.”
With a heavy heart but a clear head, Mr. Halley became one of the thousands of American farmers who sell their land each year. What surprised Mr. Halley and others is that the move to the city was so easy. The farmers are finding jobs and their families are enjoying the city way of life.
Mr. Halley found a good job working as a scientist at North Dakota State University. His salary is now twice what it was when he was a farmer.
But even for those farmers who find good jobs, there is a price to pay in leaving farming.
“It’s not just about making money but about the other rewards that farming can bring...working land your parent’s parents worked, spending your days in nature, caring for animals,” said Dr Michael Rosmann, a farmer and psychologist who helps farmers. “For most of them, that pain lasts for the rest of their lives. To make the decision to quit farming, to do what’s best for the family, takes an awful lot of courage.” Mr. Halley feels the pull of the land every day. Once a week, he drives eight hours to work a small piece of his old farm.
It was hard to leave, but Mr. Halley knows he did the right thing. For most families that leave the land, salary goes up and the stress from having little money goes down. Both parents and children are happier.
Halley’s children love living in the city.
“The kids don’t want to go back now,” said Mr. Halley. “The telephone never stops ringing.”
Megan Halley, 13, spoke with excitement about her new school. She especially likes art and computer technology. “Back on the farm,” she said. “the old phone system took five minutes or more just to dail up the Internet.”
“It’s cool here,” said Megan. “She loves going to the nearby mall to shop for new clothes and get the latest CDs of her favorite group.” The closest store to the Halley’s farm was a
10-mile drive.
Before moving to the city, Megan worried about getting along with city kids.
“The boys here aren’t any different than back in the country,” she said, “There’s just a lot more of them.”
1．Why Mr. Halley decide to quit farming one year ago?
A．He didn’t like farming any longer.
B．He found a more satisfactory job in the city.
C．He can hardly make money to support his family.
D．It is not so convenient to live on the farm.
2．Why does Mr. Halley drive back to his old farm once a week？
A．To keep his connection to the land.B．To appreciate the beautiful scenery. C．To do a part-time job to earn more money.D．To relax himself from work. 3．According to Megan, what words can be used to describe the life in the country? A．Comfortable and peaceful.B．Inconvenient and boring.
C．Easy and worthwhile.D．Busy and meaningful.
US food author M.F. K. Fisher once wrote about humans, “First we eat, then we do everything else.”
This is why each year we celebrate World Food Day, which falls on Oct. 16. But despite the importance of food around the world, food cultures often differ greatly from country to country. For example, things like chicken feet, duck heads, and pig brains are commonly eaten in Asia. If you asked most Westerners to try one of these things, though, the very thought would probably be enough to make them give up meat altogether.
At the same time, however, the majority of people in Western nations regard themselves as meat eaters. So, what could be the reason behind this double standard?
There are a number of possible answers to that question, yet one major reason could lie in recent cultural changes. During the mid-20th century and the years following it, eating most parts of an animal was common in many Western countries such as the UK—perhaps owing to rationing(定量配给) as a result of World War(1939-1945).
But later, during the 1960s and 70s, following the introduction of highways in the US and the UK, the popularity of supermarkets in those countries increased, wrote Francesco Burnett, author of Cultural History of Meat: 1900-The Present.
Thanks to the popularity and convenience of supermarkets which tend not to sell animal parts such as the head or limbs(四肢), the public’s attitude of meat soon shifted. “The ‘animal’ gradually disappeared from meat, and people’s ignorance about what animal the meat they ate came from increased.” Burnett added.
As a result, it’s believed that many Western cultures slowly began to view meat as simply a food product, rather than as something that came from an animal.
However, this theory may go even further back if we look at the words the English language uses to describe meat. “We ‘de-animalize’ certain foods that we eat by giving them different names,” Hal Herzog, author of Why It’s So Hard To Think Straight About Animals, told online magazine Grist. “We don’t say it’s cooked pig; we say it’s pork. And we don’t say hamburger is made of cow; we say it’s made of beef.”
So it seems that there’s not one simple answer to this question. When it comes to eating meat, however, perhaps we should simply just enjoy the taste.
4．The main purpose of the first three paragraphs is to ________.
A．introduce various food cultures
B．stress Westerners’ love for food
C．show differences in Chinese and Western food cultures
D．draw attention to Westerners ‘de-animalizing’ meat
5．What changed people’s attitudes toward meat in the 1960s and 1970s?
A．The words used to describe meat.B．The rise of supermarkets.
C．The need for a healthier lifestyle.D．The introduction of highways. 6．What does the underlined word “ignorance” mean in Paragraph 6？
A．Blindness.B．Fear.
C．Misunderstanding.D．Challenging.
What makes a human being? Is it our thoughts? Our emotions? Our behavior?
All of these things make us who we are, but at the center of the matter is the genome(基因组) the genes inside our bodies that may determine everything from our hair color to our intelligence. But if we could change our genome, what would it mean to us?
In an online video posted on Nov. 26, He Jiankui, a biological researcher from Southern University of Science and Technology in China, said that he had helped to make the world’s first genetically edited babies.
These are twin girls, born in November, with genes edited in an attempt to help them resist possible future infection with the AIDS virus.
He said that he chose to do this because HIV infections are a big problem in China. “I feel such a strong responsibility that it’s not just to make a first, but also to set an example,” He told the Associated Press(AP).
The announcement has caused an international storm.
Some believe that success will benefit the families of HIV patients. Given that HIV is “a major and growing public health threat,” attempted gene editing for HIV is “justifiable(无可非议的),” Harvard Medical School genetics professor George Church told AP.
However, others think that since gene editing technology is still premature, it is unsafe to attempt it.
“Gene editing itself is experimental and is still associated with unexpected mutations(突变), capable of causing genetic problems early and later in life, including the development of cancer.” Julian Savulescu, a specialist in ethics(伦理学) at the University of Oxford, told BBC News.
Others fear that this could open the door to using gene editing technology to make designer babies. It might give the parents the options to choose everything from their baby’s eye color to intelligence.
“You could find wealthy parents buying the latest ‘upgrades’(升级) for their children, leading to even greater inequality than we already live with,” Marcy Darnovsky, director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics, told BBC News.
However, Merlin Crossley, a biologist at the University of New South Wales, Australia, believes that’s a long way off . According to him, many genes produce qualities like height and intelligence—not to mention environmental influences.
And he believes the technology will be better controlled in the future.
“It’s hard to get genies(妖怪) back into bottles... but I’m optimistic that this technology, which I think of as ‘genetic surgery’, could be regulated quite effectively in the future,” Crossley told BBC News.
7．According to the passage, which of the four statements is correct?
A．The twin girls with genes edited will not be infected with AIDS.
B．He Jiankui found a way to cure people of AIDS.
C．The genetically edited babies have aroused a heated debate.
D．It makes no sense to edit genes.
8．Who shares the same idea with Julian Savulescu?
A．He Jiankui.B．George Church.
C．Merlin Crossley.D．Marcy Darnovsky.
9．What can we infer from the underlined sentence “that’s a long way off”?
A．People will finally accept gene editing, but it takes time.
B．In the future gene editing will surely benefit people.
C．It will take a long time before gene editing succeeds.
D．There is much research to do on gene editing.
10．Which is the most suitable title for the passage？
A．Gene Editing: A Trend for the Future
B．Is Gene Editing the Way we should Go？
C．Can Gene Editing Free People of Future Diseases？
D．Gene Editing: Genies out of Bottles
二、七选五
Finishing my high school life in Canada, I started classes at the University of Toronto at the beginning of September and soon I found that there are lots of differences between Canadian high schools and universities.
____11____ Although high schools in Canada also need students to choose courses by themselves, most of the students have the same compulsory (必修的) classes, and the options (选择) are quite limited. For university students, almost everyone has different classes, as the classes one takes depend on one’s major. ____12____ There are hundreds of majors that students can choose from, and each major has at least three or four compulsory classes each year. Do the math and you’ll be surprised by how many options students have.
Each class has a maximum student number, usually between 100 to 300.
____13____The university will assign (分派) a certain time for students to select classes on the course-enrolling website. So everything depends on one’s luck and fortune.
Even if a student doesn’t successfully enroll in the classes that he or she wants, they can still be on the waitlist. If someone drops a class, another student will automatically (自动地) be enrolled (注册). ____14____
Usually, there are two parts to most classes, the lecture and the tutorial (辅导课). Lectures usually have more than 100 students, and the instructors are the professors. For tutorials, they’re always run by teacher assistants, usually master’s or PhD students. Tutorials contain at most 30 students, and that’s where quizzes and discussions take place.
____15____ For instance, my philosophy professor asks us to finish one book every week, which is the hardest thing for me to do right now.
A．Take my university for example.
B．To me, the biggest difference is the course selection system.
C．There is a saying that goes, “If you are at ease with yourself in the world, the world will be at ease with you.”
D．The biggest challenge for a freshman in Canada is how to get on well with the teacher assistants.
E．Since universities in Canada have a longer summer holiday, the semesters are quite short, which means the progress of the class is very fast.
F．The limited number of students means that some students may not be enrolled in the classes that they want to get into.
G．Therefore, the university suggests that everyone should have a plan B in case something goes wrong.
三、完形填空
In my younger years, my mother gave me some advice that I’ve been turning over in my
After chatting for only 20 minutes, our friendship took ____24____. We exchanged phone numbers and left ____25____ our separate bus journeys after breakfast. ____26____, afterwards, we reunited with each other again and again in different cities in the UK.
Taeko is an elegant and friendly lady who always speaks to people in a ____27____ voice. Although there’s a huge age difference between us, we still ____28____ many interests. Taeko told me her husband was a ____29____ in American literature at the University of Tokyo. They met one another at a party in their 20s, with a mutual love for literature
____30____ them together.
But ____31____, her husband passed away 18 years ago, and Taeko has remained
____32____ since then. She produces films, runs marathons, travels around the world and makes global friends. You can never tell ____33____ she will be tomorrow.
Once, I asked her if she ever felt lonely, ____34____ she said she never did.
____35____, she feels fulfilled. She’s been doing exactly what she likes to do: be happy. 16．A．Travel B．Read C．Study D．Relax 17．A．Because B．Since C．So D．Although 18．A．behavior B．habit C．routine D．experience 19．A．which B．when C．that D．where 20．A．boat B．train C．bus D．plane 21．A．rare B．common C．usual D．regular 22．A．gesture B．conversation C．occupation D．action 23．A．when B．before C．after D．while 24．A．root B．interest C．time D．care 25．A．apart B．off C．away D．for 26．A．Eventually B．Actually C．Interestingly D．Additionally 27．A．gentle B．loud C．clear D．low 28．A．follow B．have C．take D．share 29．A．driver B．doctor C．professor D．writer 30．A．bringing B．finding C．joining D．meeting 31．A．unbelievably B．unfortunately C．surprisingly D．unexpectedly 32．A．lonely B．positive C．single D．optimistic 33．A．who B．when C．what D．where 34．A．but B．and C．or D．yet
35．A．Instead B．However C．Besides D．Therefore
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

A tramp lay down and slept in a park. He had been sleeping for about 5 minutes the
______36______ a young couple walked by. The couple stopped, woke the tramp up, and asked him, “Excuse me. Do you know what the time is?” The tramp ______37______(reply), “I’m sorry—I don’t have a watch, so I don’t know the time.” The couple apologized for waking him up and then walked away.
The tramp lay down again, and after a few minutes went back to sleep. Just then, a woman, ______38______ was out walking her dog, shook the tramp’s shoulder until he woke up again. The woman said, “I’m sorry to trouble you, but I’m afraid I’ve lost my watch—do you happen ______39______(know) the time?” The tramp was a little annoyed at
______40______(wake) up again, but he ______41______(polite) told the woman that he didn’t have a watch and didn’t know the time.
After the woman had left, the tramp came up with ______42______ idea. He opened the bag that contained all his ______43______(belong) and got out a pen, a piece of paper and a piece of string. ______44______ the paper, he wrote down, “I do not have a watch. I do not know the time.” He then hung the paper round his neck and finally dropped off again.
About 15 minutes later, a policeman who was walking through the park noticed the tramp asleep on the bench, and the sign around _______45_______(he) neck. He then woke the tramp up and said, “I read your sign. I thought you’d like to know that it’s 2:30 pm.”
五、概要写作
46．阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy: there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity. When having a science discussion with them, you need to notice at least three things.
Firstly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that after
asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers.
Secondly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “V ery good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting,” or “I’d never thought of it that way before.” or coming up with more questions or ideas.
Lastly, show, don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
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