中考英语书面表达议论文论证过程单选题40题

中考英语书面表达议论文论证过程单选题40题
1. In a debate, when you start your speech, the first thing you should do is to _____.
A. state your opinion clearly
B. give examples
C. quote others' words
D. ask questions
答案：A。

本题考查论点提出的方式。

A 选项“state your opinion clearly”清晰地陈述你的观点，这是在辩论中开始发言时首先应该做的。

B 选项“give examples”举例，通常在后续论证中使用。

C 选项“quote others' words”引用他人的话，不是首先要做的。

D 选项“ask questions”提问，一般不是论点提出的首要动作。

2. When writing an argumentative essay, which of the following is the best way to present your main point at the beginning?
A. Telling a story.
B. Describing a scene.
C. Making a bold statement.
D. Listing some data.
答案：C。

在写议论文时，C 选项“Making a bold statement”做出大胆的陈述，能直接有效地在开头提出主要观点。

A 选项“Telling a story”讲故事，更多用于引出话题或增加趣味性。

B 选项“Describing a scene”描述场景，并非直接提出论点的好方式。

D 选项“Listing some
data”列举一些数据，常用于论证过程而非开头提出论点。

3. To introduce your argument in an essay, which of the following sentences is the most appropriate?
A. Have you ever thought about this problem?
B. In my opinion, this is a serious issue.
C. Let me tell you a joke first.
D. Many people have different ideas.
答案：B。

B 选项“In my opinion, this is a serious issue.”以“在我看来，这是一个严重的问题。

”直接表明自己的观点，适合用于引入论点。

A 选项“Have you ever thought about this problem?”是提问，不是直接提出论点。

C 选项“Let me tell you a joke first.”与论点无关。

D 选项“Many people have different ideas.”只是陈述有不同观点，没有明确提出自己的论点。

4. In an argumentative writing, what is the key point when presenting your initial point?
A. To be very polite.
B. To be very long.
C. To be very confusing.
D. To be very clear.
答案：D。

在议论文中提出初始观点时，关键是要非常清晰，D 选项“To be very clear.”符合要求。

A 选项“To be very polite.”礼貌不是关键。

B 选项“To be very long.”太长不利于清晰表达观点。

C 选项“To
be very confusing.”令人困惑是错误的。

5. When starting an argumentative text, you should _____.
A. repeat others' opinions
B. express your own view directly
C. wait for others to speak first
D. avoid having a definite position
答案：B。

在开始一篇议论文时，应该直接表达自己的观点，B 选项“express your own view directly”符合。

A 选项“repeat others' opinions”重复他人观点不正确。

C 选项“wait for others to speak first”等待他人先说不符合主动提出论点的要求。

D 选项“avoid having a definite position”避免有明确立场也是错误的。

6. When writing an argumentative essay, which of the following can be used as evidence?
A. Personal opinions without any facts.
B. Unreliable sources from the Internet.
C. Verified data and real-life examples.
D. Random guesses and assumptions.
答案：C。

本题考查论据的选择。

选项A 个人意见没有事实依据，不能作为有力的论据。

选项 B 来自网络的不可靠来源缺乏可信度。

选项 C 经过验证的数据和真实生活中的例子具有可靠性和说服力，能作为有效的论据。

选项D 随意猜测和假设没有依据，不具备作为论据的条件。

7. Which of the following is a suitable piece of evidence for an essay arguing about the benefits of exercise?
A. A story about a person who never exercised and was healthy.
B. Scientific research showing that exercise improves physical and mental health.
C. A friend's claim that they don't like to exercise.
D. An advertisement promoting a new exercise equipment.
答案：B。

本题关于运动好处的论据选择。

选项A 一个从不运动却健康的人的故事，不能有力证明运动的好处。

选项B 科学研究表明运动对身心有益，具有权威性和可靠性。

选项C 朋友声称不喜欢运动，与论证运动的好处无关。

选项D 一则推广新运动器材的广告，重点在于器材而非运动的好处。

8. In an essay discussing the importance of reading, which of the following could be a weak evidence?
A. Statistics showing that people who read regularly have better vocabulary.
B. Personal experiences of enjoying reading different books.
C. Anecdotes about famous authors and their reading habits.
D. A single person's complaint about having no time to read.
答案：D。

本题涉及阅读重要性的论据强弱。

选项A 统计数据显示常阅读的人词汇量更好，有力支持阅读的重要性。

选项B 个人享受阅读不同书籍的经历能体现阅读的益处。

选项C 关于著名作家及
其阅读习惯的轶事有一定的说服力。

选项D 一个人抱怨没时间阅读，不能证明阅读重要与否，属于较弱的论据。

9. When arguing for the need to protect the environment, which is NOT a strong evidence?
A. Images of polluted rivers and damaged forests.
B. Government reports on the decline of biodiversity.
C. A fictional story about a magical clean world.
D. Studies showing the impact of climate change.
答案：C。

本题关于环境保护论据的强弱判断。

选项A 污染河流和受损森林的图片直观展示环境问题。

选项B 政府关于生物多样性下降的报告具有权威性。

选项C 虚构的神奇清洁世界的故事，缺乏现实依据，不能作为有力论据。

选项D 关于气候变化影响的研究有科学依据，能支持论点。

10. Which of the following can be a good evidence in an essay about the advantages of teamwork?
A. A description of a team that failed due to conflicts.
B. Examples of successful projects completed by teams.
C. A person's opinion that they prefer working alone.
D. A story of a solo worker achieving great success.
答案：B。

本题考查团队合作优势的论据选择。

选项A 描述因冲突而失败的团队，不能体现团队合作的优势。

选项B 团队成功完成项目的例子能有力证明团队合作的好处。

选项C 个人偏好独自工作
的观点与团队合作的优势无关。

选项D 一个单独工作者取得巨大成功的故事，不能说明团队合作的优势。

11. Which of the following is the best example to support the topic "Exercise is good for health"?
A. Reading books can improve knowledge.
B. Eating too much junk food is harmful.
C. Running every day can make you stronger.
D. Playing computer games is very interesting.
答案：C。

本题考查对主题“Exercise is good for health（锻炼有益于健康）”的支持性论据。

选项A 提到阅读书籍能增长知识，与锻炼和健康的主题无关；选项B 说吃太多垃圾食品有害，这是关于饮食而非锻炼；选项C 每天跑步能让你更强壮，直接体现了锻炼对健康的积极影响；选项D 玩电脑游戏有趣，与锻炼和健康均无直接关联。

12. The following sentence is used in an argumentative essay: "To be successful, one needs to work hard and have a positive attitude." What is the function of this sentence?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To present a conclusion.
C. To provide evidence.
D. To give an example.
答案：A。

此句在议论文中的作用是引出主题。

它明确指出成功所需的条件，为后续的论证奠定基础，而非直接呈现结论、提供证据
或举例。

13. In an argumentative essay, which of the following statements is a counter-argument?
A. Studying abroad can broaden one's horizons.
B. Online learning has some disadvantages.
C. Travelling is a great way to relax.
D. Reading is beneficial to our minds.
答案：B。

本题考查反论点的识别。

选项 A 说留学能开阔视野，是对某一观点的支持；选项C 旅行是很好的放松方式，也是支持性观点；选项D 阅读对我们的思维有益，同样是支持观点。

而选项B 在线学习有一些缺点，是与普遍认为在线学习有益的观点相对立的反论点。

14. Which of the following transitions is used to show contrast?
A. Firstly
B. Moreover
C. However
D. Therefore
答案：C。

“Firstly”用于列举的开头，表示首先；“Moreover”表示此外、而且，是递进关系；“However”表示然而，用于表示对比、转折；“Therefore”表示因此，用于得出结论。

15. When writing an argumentative essay, which of the following should be avoided?
A. Using clear examples.
B. Presenting a strong thesis statement.
C. Repeating the same point over and over.
D. Organizing the essay logically.
答案：C。

写议论文时，应避免反复重复同一个观点。

使用清晰的例子（选项A）、提出有力的论点（选项B）、有逻辑地组织文章（选项D）都是应该做到的。

16. Which of the following is an example of using facts to support an argument?
A. "I think learning English is very important because it can help us communicate with people from all over the world."
B. "According to a recent survey, 80% of students prefer online learning."
C. "Everyone says that exercise is good for health, so we should do it."
D. "If you don't study hard, you won't get good grades."
答案：B。

本题考查论证方法。

选项A 是个人观点的表述，不是基于事实。

选项C 是“每个人都说”，属于引用他人观点，并非事实。

选项D 是假设的情况，不是事实。

选项B“According to a recent survey, 80% of students prefer online learning.” 是根据最近的调查得出的事实，用于支持论点。

17. Which one is an example of reasoning in an argumentative essay?
A. "In the past few years, the number of tourists visiting this city has increased significantly."
B. "If we don't take action to protect the environment, our future will be in danger."
C. "The benefits of exercise include improving physical health and mental well-being."
D. "Since many countries have successfully implemented this policy, we should also adopt it."
答案：D。

选项A 是陈述事实。

选项B 是假设情况。

选项C 是列举好处。

选项D“Since many countries have successfully implemented this policy, we should also adopt it.” 通过其他国家的成功经验进行推理，得出我们也应该采取该政策的结论，属于推理。

18. Which of the following is an example of using examples to support an argument?
A. "Studies have shown that reading can enhance one's vocabulary and comprehension skills."
B. "For instance, Mark worked hard and finally achieved his goal."
C. "It is widely believed that honesty is the best policy."
D. "The law states that driving under the influence is illegal."
答案：B。

选项A 是引用研究结果。

选项C 是普遍的观点。

选项 D 是陈述法律规定。

选项B“For instance, Mark worked hard and finally achieved his goal.” 通过“Mark”的例子来支持论点。

19. Which one shows the method of comparison and contrast in an argument?
A. "Some people like coffee, while others prefer tea."
B. "Exercise is as important as a balanced diet for a healthy lifestyle."
C. "Living in the city has its advantages and disadvantages compared to living in the countryside."
D. "Both music and art can have a positive impact on our emotions."
答案：C。

选项A 只是列举不同人的喜好。

选项B 是强调同等重要。

选项D 是说两者都有影响。

选项C“Living in the city has its advantages and disadvantages compared to living in the countryside.” 对城市生活和农村生活进行了比较和对比。

20. Which of the following is an example of using quotations to support an argument?
A. "As the saying goes, 'Practice makes perfect.'"
B. "A recent report shows that air pollution is a serious problem."
C. "Most scientists agree that climate change is a global challenge."
D. "The number of tourists has been increasing steadily in recent years."
答案：A。

选项B 是引用报告。

选项C 是引用多数科学家的观点。

选项D 是陈述事实。

选项A“As the saying goes, 'Practice makes perfect.'” 直接引用了谚语来支持论点。

21. In the argument, the phrase "on the contrary" is used to _____.
A. introduce a similar idea
B. present an opposite idea
C. emphasize the previous point
D. summarize the main idea
答案：B。

本题考查短语“on the contrary”在论证中的作用。

选项A，“introduce a similar idea”（引入相似的观点），“on the contrary”并非此意；选项C，“emphasize the previous point”（（强调前一个观点），不符合其用法；选项D，“summarize the main idea”（（总结主要观点），也不正确。

“on the contrary”通常用于呈现相反的观点，所以选B。

22. The expression "for instance" is often employed to _____.
A. provide an example
B. show a contrast
C. start a new paragraph
D. conclude the argument
答案：A。

“for instance”这个表达常用于提供例子。

选项B，“show a contrast”（展示对比），并非其主要作用；选项C，“start a new paragraph”（（开启新段落），不准确；选项D，“conclude the argument”（总结论点），不符合其含义。

所以答案是A。

23. When we say "in conclusion", it indicates that _____.
A. more details will follow
B. the main point is coming
C. the argument is ending
D. a new topic will be introduced
答案：C。

“in conclusion”意味着论证即将结束。

选项A，“more details will follow”（（更多细节随后），不正确；选项B，“the main point is coming”（（主要观点即将到来），不符；选项D，“a new topic will be introduced”（将引入新主题），错误。

故选C。

24. The word "therefore" is mainly used to _____.
A. explain a reason
B. show a result
C. raise a question
D. make a comparison
答案：B。

“therefore”主要用于展示结果。

选项A，“explain a reason”（解释原因），不对；选项C，“raise a question”（（提出问题），不是其用法；选项D，“make a comparison”（进行比较），不符合。

所以选B。

25. "To sum up" is a phrase that _____.
A. starts an argument
B. continues the discussion
C. gives a summary
D. presents an opposing view
答案：C。

“To sum up”这个短语是用来做总结的。

选项A，“starts an argument”（开始论证），错误；选项B，“continues the discussion”（继续讨论），不对；选项D，“presents an opposing view”（（提出相反
观点），不符。

答案是C。

26.Which of the following is the best structure for the introduction of an argumentative essay?
A. Present the topic and state your opinion directly.
B. Start with a long story to attract readers.
C. List all the arguments first.
D. Give no information about the topic.
答案：A。

解析：在议论文的引言部分，直接呈现主题并表明观点是最清晰有效的方式。

选项B 以冗长的故事开头可能会使读者偏离主题。

选项C 先列出所有论点不符合引言的常见结构。

选项D 对主题不提供任何信息无法引起读者兴趣。

27.In the body paragraphs of an argumentative essay, what should you do?
A. Only present your own opinions.
B. Present both your opinions and opposing views.
C. Just list facts without any opinions.
D. Ignore the opposing views.
答案：B。

解析：在议论文的主体段落中，应该呈现自己的观点和对立观点，这样能使论证更全面。

选项 A 只呈现自己的观点会使论证不够客观。

选项C 只列事实没有观点无法达到论证目的。

选项
D 忽略对立观点会使论证不完整。

28.Which of the following is a proper conclusion for an argumentative
essay?
A. Repeat the introduction word for word.
B. Introduce a new topic.
C. Summarize the main points and restate your opinion.
D. Leave the readers confused.
答案：C。

解析：议论文的合适结论应总结主要观点并重申自己的观点，选项A 逐字重复引言没有新意且没有总结作用。

选项B 引入新话题不符合结论的要求。

选项D 让读者感到困惑不是一个好的结论方式。

29.The structure of an argumentative essay usually follows:
A. Introduction - Body Paragraphs - Conclusion
B. Body Paragraphs - Introduction - Conclusion
C. Conclusion - Introduction - Body Paragraphs
D. Introduction - Conclusion - Body Paragraphs
答案：A。

解析：议论文的结构通常是引言- 主体段落- 结论，这是常见且有效的顺序。

选项B 先主体段落再引言不符合逻辑。

选项C 先结论再引言和主体段落顺序错误。

选项D 引言- 结论- 主体段落也不符合正常的写作流程。

30.In an argumentative essay, the body paragraphs should:
A. Be of different lengths.
B. All have the same length.
C. Be short and simple.
D. Be organized and logical.
答案：D。

解析：在议论文中，主体段落应该有条理且有逻辑性。

选项 A 长度不同可能会使文章结构不整齐。

选项 B 长度相同可能会限制内容的表达。

选项C 简短简单可能无法充分论证观点。

31.Which of the following could best improve the overall effect of the argumentative essay?
A. Adding more examples.
B. Using complex sentences throughout.
C. Repeating the main point frequently.
D. Ignoring counterarguments.
答案：A。

解析：添加更多的例子可以使议论文的论证更加充分和具体，增强说服力。

选项B，通篇使用复杂句子可能会使文章晦涩难懂。

选项C，频繁重复主要观点可能会让文章显得单调。

选项D，忽略反论点会使论证不够全面和客观。

32.What has the greatest negative impact on the overall effect of an argumentative essay?
A. Poor organization of paragraphs.
B. Using vivid adjectives.
C. Presenting only one point of view.
D. Having a long introduction.
答案：C。

解析：只呈现一种观点会使文章的论证不够全面和深入，缺乏说服力。

选项A，段落组织不好会影响文章的结构和逻辑。

选项B，使用生动的形容词可以增加文章的表现力，并非负面影响。

选项D，引言过长可能会使文章重点不突出，但不如只呈现一种观点的负面影响大。

33.Which factor is most crucial for achieving a good overall effect in an argumentative essay?
A. Correct spelling and grammar.
B. A catchy title.
C. A clear thesis statement.
D. A large number of quotes.
答案：C。

解析：一个清晰的论点陈述能够为整篇议论文提供明确的方向和核心，是取得良好整体效果的关键。

选项A，正确的拼写和语法是基础，但不是最关键的因素。

选项B，吸引人的标题能引起读者兴趣，但不如清晰的论点重要。

选项D，大量的引用如果不恰当可能会使文章显得堆砌。

34.Which of the following contributes least to the overall effect of an argumentative essay?
A. A strong conclusion.
B. Interesting anecdotes.
C. Fancy vocabulary.
D. Logical reasoning.
答案：C。

解析：华丽的词汇如果不能准确表达观点和逻辑，对议论文的整体效果贡献较小。

选项A，有力的结论能够总结和强化论
点。

选项B，有趣的轶事可以增加文章的趣味性和吸引力。

选项D，逻辑推理是议论文的核心，对整体效果至关重要。

35.In evaluating the overall effect of an argumentative essay, what should be given the highest priority?
A. The number of words.
B. The variety of sentence structures.
C. The validity of the arguments.
D. The use of advanced words.
答案：C。

解析：论点的有效性是议论文的核心，直接关系到论证的质量和说服力，应给予最高优先级。

选项A，字数不是衡量议论文质量的关键。

选项B，句子结构的多样性是重要方面，但不如论点的有效性关键。

选项D，使用高级词汇如果不恰当也不能提升整体效果。

36. Which of the following is the best way to start an argumentative essay?
A. In my opinion...
B. Let me tell you...
C. Some people think...
D. First of all...
答案：D。

本题考查议论文开头的方式。

选项A“ In my opinion...”较为主观，不太适合作为开篇方式。

选项B“Let me tell you...”过于口语化。

选项C“Some people think...”表述较平淡。

选项D“First of all...”
能够清晰、正式地开启论述，符合议论文的要求。

37. What should be avoided in the body of an argumentative essay?
A. Using examples.
B. Repeating the same point.
C. Presenting counterarguments.
D. Explaining your viewpoint clearly.
答案：B。

在议论文的主体部分，应避免重复相同的观点。

选项A 使用例子能增强论证。

选项C 提出反驳观点是常见的论证手段。

选项D 清晰地解释自己的观点是必要的。

38. How can you strengthen your conclusion in an argumentative essay?
A. By raising new questions.
B. By restating your main points.
C. By adding more details.
D. By introducing a new topic.
答案：B。

重述主要观点可以强化议论文的结论。

选项A 提出新问题不适合用于强化结论。

选项 C 添加更多细节通常在主体部分。

选项D 引入新话题与强化结论无关。

39. When presenting counterarguments in an argumentative essay, what should you do?
A. Ignore them completely.
B. Agree with them fully.
C. Acknowledge and refute them.
D. Just mention them briefly.
答案：C。

在议论文中呈现反驳观点时，应承认并反驳它们。

选项 A 完全忽略不正确。

选项 B 完全同意不符合论证逻辑。

选项 D 简单提及不够充分。

40. Which of the following is an effective transition in an argumentative essay?
A. However.
B. Because.
C. Also.
D. So.
答案：A。

“However”是有效的转折过渡词。

选项B“Because”用于解释原因。

选项C“Also”表并列。

选项D“So”表结果。