【英语】高三英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编及解析

【英语】高三英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Customers who come into the Waffle House recognize server Evoni Williams, a soft-spoken 18-year-old from Texas City. It all started with a Facebook post. On the morning of March 3, Laura Wolf was eating breakfast at the Waffle House in La Marque when she overheard an older man, who reminded her of her late father, tell Williams he had trouble with his hands. The man, later identified as regular customer Adrien Charpentier, had an oxygen tank nearby and needed help cutting up his food. “Without hesitation,” Wolf wrote, Williams “took his plate and began cutting up his ham.”
Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth and kindness with all. The following day, Williams's Facebook notification（关注）began to light up. Her friends saw Wolf's post and tracked her in it.
Williams had no idea that someone took a photo that morning. The diner was so busy that a line extended outside the door. She said helping Charpentier was reflexive. She has been working at Waffle House since last June to save for college, and this, she figured, was just the right thing to do. “I would want someone to help my grandmother or grandfather,” Williams said.
The post began to make its rounds in La Marque and eventually landed in front of the city's mayor, Bobby Hocking. He decided to declare March 8 as Williams's day, and also received an email from Texas Southern University President Austin ne, asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.
Williams still works at Waffle House five days a week and plans to do so until she starts classes in the fall at Houston-based Texas Southern. Wolf said Williams does not have a car to get to classes, but some people have offered to start a GoFundMe page for her, proving that a moment of a kindness can change a life.
（1）Why did Wolf post the photo on Facebook?
A. The photo reminded her of her late father.
B. It could satisfy her inner needs.
C. She was touched by the sight.
D. The customer had trouble with his hands.
（2）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Without a second thought.
B. After careful consideration.
C. Winning a reward.
D. Better serving customers.
（3）What can we infer about Evoni Williams?
A. She seldom saw Charpentier come to the House for breakfast.
B. It was GoFundMe page that led to her good luck.
C. She is no longer working in service business.
D. She has probably received a scholarship for her college education.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing the article?
A. To help Williams receive higher education.
B. To introduce a random act of kindness.
C. To show that young generation can always help.
D. To emphasize the influence of the social media.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Williams在饼店无意中帮助了一位老人，这件事被上传到脸书上，这让大家非常感动，并对她的善意大加赞扬。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth a nd kindness with all.”被（所见的事情）感动了，于是保鲁夫在她的脸谱网页上张贴，与大家分享这一温暖和善良的时刻。

其中的impressed“受感动的”，与touched“被感动的”是同义词，故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“‘Without hesitation,’ Wolf wrote, Williams ‘took his plate and began cutting up his ham.’”可知，Williams毫不犹豫地帮忙了。

第三段中的“Williams … Sh e said helping Charpentier was reflexive. this, …she figured, was just the right thing to do. ‘I would want someone to help my grandmother or grandfather,’ Williams said.”可知，Williams说帮助Charpentier是reflexive.，我认为这是正确的事，我但愿也会有人来帮助我的祖父母。

所以reflexive就是Without hesitation，即毫不犹豫地，不加思考地帮助那位老人。

故选A。

(3)考查推断判断。

根据第四段中的“ He decided to declare March 8 as Williams's day, and also received an email from Texas Southern University President Austin ne, asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.” 城市市长Bobby询问学校是否可以向威廉姆斯颁发奖学金。

由此可推断，Williams可能会得到一份奖学金。

故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。

本文讲述了Williams在饼店无意中帮助了一位老人，这件事被上传到脸书上，这让大家非常感动，并对她的善意大加赞扬。

最后一句讲了一个善良的时刻可以改变生活。

由此可推断出文章介绍了一种随意的善意行为可改变生活。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, when it has collected enough information to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way. Pure mathematics is one of the fields in which this happens, and we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.
But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.
Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom. One can have a very quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience, but if one uses these foolishly, one harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not always come with age ——there are plenty of foolish middle-aged people about ——but the average person tends to learn wisdom as he gets older, usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes. Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible; and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature; how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature, but which is basically a waste of time because it is not.
（1）According to the writer, the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a result in________.
A.years of hard work
B.sharpness of the brain
C.rich experience
D.his deep understanding of the nature
（2）Some people achieve success much later in life because .
A.their work often requires much experience
B.they do not have a chance to show their talents
C.they have to learn lessons from failures
D.they fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work
（3）The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that .
A.it helps to avoid various mistakes
B.it contributes to one's creativity
C.it encourages one to go forward in face of difficulty
D.it provides the right direction of efforts
（4）The writer came to believe that .
A.it is always a waste of time to make plans about the future
B.it is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible
C.one should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward
D.one has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类的大脑在20岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成就多数是因为需要丰富的经验。

除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧为人们提供了正确的努力方向。

人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die
off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and we know that Albert Einstein made all his world-shaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人们发现，16岁以后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。

在某些类型的活动中，人类的大脑在20岁早期处于巅峰状态,... 我们知道阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在20到25岁之间做出了所有震惊世界的发现。

用余生来整理和安排这些发现。

根据对爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大的发现是在20-25岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在20年代初达到了巅峰，可推断出，本段主要研究人类大脑巅峰期，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他类型的活动中(作家可能是其中一种)，经验比头脑的敏捷更重要，人们通常会发现一个人在他一生的晚期才达到顶峰。

可推断出有些人在晚年取得成功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经验。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Besides sharpness of brain and exper ience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏锐的头脑和丰富的经验外，还有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。

学习成为智者，要基本的了解什么是不可能的；学习有可能但又很困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。

最重要的是了解人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。

由此可推断出智慧的重要性在于智慧能让人知道什么可做，什么不能做，即为人提供正确的努力方向。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,”成为智者，要大体上知道什么是不可能的。

学习有可能但又如此困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。

最重要的是学习人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反应的。

人们可以读到和听到很多关于如何使世界变得更美好的理想主义的东西.......由此可推断出聪明的人必须运用智慧来决定最好要做什么事。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a
professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.
Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is important for critical (有判断力的)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.
So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.
Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.
At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.
（1）What is David Strayer's opinion?
A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.
B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.
C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.
D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.
（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?
A. To try another lifestyle.
B. To refresh our brain.
C. To make better decisions.
D. To play with our family and friends.
（3）What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?
A. Reborn
B. Memorable
C. Remarkable
D. Tiring
（4）Which is the proper title for the passage?
A. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.
B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.
C. Tips on Using New Technologies.
D. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第二段Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain可知，电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选
C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第三段So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature , Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.可知，亲近大自然，可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据前文Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do.可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能够为必须做的工作做好准备，故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。

本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Visitors to the grounds of New College at England's Oxford University pass under an iron gate with the advice: Manners make the man. Even after an appropriate update to: Manners make the person, it's thought-provoking(引人深思的)—especially to today's Americans.
When we think about what makes the person—it's more likely the degree, the job, the salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?
We do know that these would make life nicer, if more tolerable. However, we forget or overlook our manners. So , it seems, does everyone else—including, unluckily, our children.
As a university president, one of my great joys is to visit our campuses and see our students, though we're separated by different generations, interests, and, of course dressing, each student tells me something within the first few minutes that we meet: whether he or she has been taught manners. I sense this in different ways: through her words or her gestures, in the way she listens or how he refers to friends and faculty, how she greets and says goodbye, how he responds when an elderly person enters the room.
In the absence of manners, however, I make some allowances. For instance, the many ethnic(种族的)groups that students represent often have different explanations of what makes up good manners. In other cases, some students may reject what they've learned to break from their parents and be accepted by other students. Whether students are being different or openly opposing, a recent experience I had with them tells me that there's some hope for reviving and good manners.
Good manners don't just guarantee acceptance. Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society. Good manners are gentle signals that show we care about one another and allow us to relate to another person in a thoughtful way but at a respectable distance.
（1）Which of the following is seldom a mark of success to people today?
A. Handsome income.
B. An academic degree.
C. High ranks in the office
D. Polite behavior.
（2）What does the underlined part “make some allowances” in Paragraph 4 probably mean ?
A. treat the absence of manners differently
B. reject the absence of manners
C. oppose bad manners somehow
D. partly permit being in the absence of manners （3）Which of the following is the benefit by good manners?
A. Good manners makes people thoughtful
B. Good manners help deeper connections with others
C. Good manners guarantee acceptance of ourselves
D. Good manners inspire people to care about one another
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了目前社会上很少把礼貌当作成功的衡量标准，但是良好的礼
仪是打开更深的关系和更有意义的角色之门，礼仪非常重要。

（1）D推理判断题。

由第二段中的“When we think about what makes the person—it's more likely the degree, the job, th e salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?”
可知，我们说起一个人的成功很可能谈的是学位、工作和薪水，我们什么时候把礼貌当作
成功的衡量标准呢？可推知，对今天的成功者来说礼貌的举止是很难成为成功的标志的。

故选D.
（2）A词义猜测题。

根据本段中的“Whether students are being different or openly opposing”
可知，作者涉及了两种学生缺乏礼貌的不同情况，所以作者此处是指区别对待不礼貌的现象。

故选A.
（3）B细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的“Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society.”可知，在我们社会，良好的礼仪打开更深的关系和
更有意义的角色之门。

故选B.
【点评】本文是一篇议论文，论述人们忽视了良好的礼仪的重要性。

第一题为推理判断题，要在了解短文主旨大意及主要细节分布的基础上，对事实或证据进行分析和评价，并
在准确合理分析做出符合作者写作意图的推论或判断。

难点在于第二题，要根据后面的内
容对其加以理解来做出选择。

考生要注意弄清文章主旨。

5．阅读理解
It's 3 o'clock and you've been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn't. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl
of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.
Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger.” When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (荷尔蒙) sends a
message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.
A craving is more complex. It activates (使活跃) brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. So, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger.” People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.
In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally in creases the possibility of food craving.” So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting is a bit different. They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.
So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.
（1）What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To remind readers of their own special food.
B. To deepen the understanding of hunger.
C. To report the discovery of craving study.
D. To lead to the topic of the whole passage.（2）What do we learn about food craving?
A. It shows food is linked to feelings.
B. It ensures a person survives hunger.
C. It means the stomach functions well.
D. It proves the brain decides your appetite.
（3）What's the likely result of dieting?
A. The decrease of chemicals.
B. The increase of food desire.
C. The refusal of fat and sugar.
D. The disappearance of appetite.
（4）What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The functions of brain areas.
B. What hunger is all about.
C. The findings of food craving.
D. What dieting may bring us.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。

食物与情感有关系，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。

(1)目的意图题。

根据第一段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.可知，第一段是为了引导整篇文章的话题。

故答案选D。

(2)推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.可知，食物与情感有关系。

故答案选A。

(3)推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段第一句In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that“dieting or restricted eating gener ally increases the possibility of food craving.可知，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。

故答案选B。

(4)主旨大意题。

根据最后一段So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that
your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。

故答案选C。

【点评】说明文主题和文章大意的技巧：应对文章主题和中心大意考题时，寻找和发现文章主题句就是关键。

这个主题句一般具有如下特点：①表达的意思比较概括。

②句子结构简单，大多数时候，不采用长句、难句的形式。

③段落的其他句子必定是用来解释或发挥主题句所表达的主题思想的。

④主题句的位置除个别情况下是在文中的句子，大多数情况下，主题句往往是在段首和段尾。

所以，在阅读文章时，要特别注意文章的首段、首句和末句。

6．阅读理解
Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and helps them remember to take their medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a $ 3-million-dollar award from the National Science Foundation for a special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or A.I., to Hasbro's “Joy for All” robotic
The cat has already been for sale for two years. Though priced over 1000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a “companion” for older people. Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers at Brown's Humanity-Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or visit their doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.
It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The Joy for All cat that Elliott bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elliott is at work. Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.
The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.
（1）What's the purpose of the project?
A. To relieve the pain of the elderly.
B. To promote the sales of a medicine.
C. To invent a robotic cat for the elderly.
D. To help make the robotic cat smarter.
（2）Compared with the old model, the new robotic cat will be
A. smaller
B. cheaper
C. more talkative
D. more expensive
（3）What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us?
A. The cat gives much help to the elderly.
B. The more functions of the cat, the better.
C. There is no cure for dementia at present.
D. Mary Derr would have died without the cat.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.
B. Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.
C. Each family can afford such a cat in the future.
D. The feeling of being needed is vital to the elderly.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍新型的人工智能机器猫。

机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助，同时机器猫也离不开他们。

被需要的感觉是至关重要的。

他们甚至可以帮助防止老年人的孤独和悲伤情绪。

(1)目的意图题。

根据第一段第一句Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and help them remember to take their medicine.项目的目地是帮助机器猫更聪明。

故答案选D。

(2)推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.可知，与旧模型相比新的机器猫更便宜。

故答案选B。

(3)段落大意题。

根据第三段最后一句Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.可知，机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助。

故答案选A。

(4)推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后两句In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.可知，被需要的感觉是至关重要的。

故答案选D。

【点评】推论性考察题一般包括事实推断、指代推断、逻辑推断和对作者意图与观点的推断。

常见的提问方式有：①The writer believes that ＿＿＿＿.②From this passage we can guess ＿＿＿＿.③The write suggests that ＿＿＿＿。

除了一般的事实题可直接从文中找出答案外，其他诸如对条件变化、因果关系以及作者意图等较为深层的逻辑推断题，则必须要建立在对全文的理解基础上，通过文章所提供的线索，加以综合分析，才能做出正确的推断。

7．阅读理解
Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.
Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”
In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.
There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.
The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his company's knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.
The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.
However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits.
（1）Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .
A. it was for people with good eyesight only
B. the company failed to go on with its business
C. the company didn't produce hammocks
D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork
（2）It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .
A. has been blind all through his life
B. used to work as a hunter to support his family
C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight
D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years
（3）What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?
A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock.
B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.
C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it.
D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. the success of the Hammock Source Company
B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks
C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand
D. how to become a successful craftsman
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知，Lenwood十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的organization closed，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的，也说明在（1973-18=1955）1955年之前他的眼睛是好的。

故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知， Lenwood所用的计步器显示，他在店里织吊床总共来回行走8英里，由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。

所以选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。

全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出错，而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world. Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.
Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a tough time determining "which came first, the chicken or the egg," says Julie C. Lumeng of the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.
To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions. By sixth grade, 18percent of kids involved in the study were obese.
The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender. It also。