初高中衔接 英语句子成分 课件(共36张PPT)

二、谓语 谓语在主语后，只能由动词充当
谓语是对主语动作的陈述和说明，一般在主语之后。表明主语“做
什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”。有时态、语态的变化，与主语在人
称和数上保持一致。
He likes cold milk. He works hard.
简单谓语
I shall answer your questions after class.
we should do exercise every day.
名词短语 代词
动名词 不定式 宾语从句
四、表语 表语是说明主语「是什么」或「怎么样」的词语，也可以说是说 明主语的情况，或者主语状态的词语。 表语放在连系动词后。 Lily is a Chinese girl. 名词 Five and five is ten. 数词 Mr. Li is over there. 介词 The book is mine. 代词 She looks beautiful in white. 形容词 This is where I first met him. 从句
What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”）
一、主语 主语是一个句子的主题，是句子表达的主体。表示句子所说是“什 么人”“什么事”是动作的发出者。 主语放在谓语动词前 American country music becomes more and more popular. 名词 We often speak English in class. 代词 One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
6. The woman in red is my teacher.
7. The boy who is tall and strong is Tom.
开宝箱：找出被定语修饰的中心词
your mother his best friend one of her friends a book about stars a village which has a library a special village
五、定语 2.后置定语：位于所修饰的词之后。 短语较长，做后置定语 I have something interesting to tell you. 形容词 The man over there is my old friend. 副词 The book on the left shelf is mine. 介词短语 Let＇s try another way to do this. 不定式 The boys playing football are cool. 动名词 The trees planted last year are growing well. 过去分词 She should do everything that I do. 从句
英语句子成分
CONTENTS
01 句子成分
02 习题练习
01
句子成分
Why do we learn 英语句子成分？ 1.阅读理解长难句分析 2.写出正确句子 3. 语法填空 What is 英语句子成分？ 一般来说英语句子基本成分包括：主干部分（主语，谓语，宾语， 表语，补语） 枝干部分也叫修饰部分（定语，状语，同位语）。
a hero of our time a pair of glasses a lot of water beef noodles two bowls of beef noodles three people
六、状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句 子成分叫作状语。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、 条件、让步、方式、程度等意义。相当于汉语的“......地”。 I can run fast/slowly. 副词 My father gets to work by bike/by car. 介词短语 To let us experience the life in the countryside, our school 不定式 organized a fruit-picking activity on a farm last weekend. Because it is raining heavily, I can’t go out to play. 从句
She can speak English very fluently.
复合谓语
The boy didn’t like playing the piano.
简单谓语：单个动词/动词短语构成的谓语。 She likes cats. My father always comes back late. 复合谓语： （1）情态动词+实义动词 I can swim. The boy needn't bring his book. （2）助动词+实义动词 Sarah doesn’t like reading books.
六、状语 The next day, we set off quickly（quick）in the morning. The room is extremely (extreme) large. Unfortunately (unfortunate)，he missed his textbook on the way to school.
三、宾语
（1）直接宾语：主要表示动作的直接对象或结果。
（2）间接宾语：表示动作的间接对象，即动作“为谁做的”或“对谁
做的”。 直接宾语
She shows a flower to the dog .
She gives it a lollipop.
间接宾语
Note:动词发出的直接对象是直接宾语
探索发现
Seeing is believing. （动名词）
To see is to believe. （不定式） He likes dancing. （代词）
你能辨别出我的 各位家人吗？
What he needs is a book. （句子）
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It作形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
从句
Please find the subject of the following sentences.
The sun rises in the east.（名词）
Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词）
The poor are now living in the shelter. (名词化的形容词）
Note: 常考副词（adj+ly）作状语，修饰动词、形容词、句子。
探索发现
找出下面的状语
She was born on Jan 15th, 1987. The war broke out in 1945. I like reading English in the morning. We were sleeping when she came back. We have lessons at school as usual. I come from Zhejiang, China. Go back where you came from. We can’t go out because of the heavy rain. Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.
Practice
找出下面句子的表语
1. She is a lovely girl.
名词短语
2. He is a high school student.
3. My mother is an English teacher.
4. His brother is a soldier.
5. My dream is to become a doctor. 6. Seeing is believing. 7. His suggestion is that we should s sentences loudly.
He can’t speak English.
三、宾语 宾语表示动作的对象、行为的承受者或动作的结果。宾语分为直 接宾语和间接宾语。 宾语在谓语动词或及物动词后。 Rose goes for a walk. 名词 The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time. 代词 How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 数词 He pretended not to see me. 不定式 I enjoy listening to popular music. 动名词 I think（that）he is fit for his office. 从句
Who is her Mr. right with blessing? 代词
介词短语
The boy who grows roses will win her love. 从句
五、定语 1.前置定语：位于修饰的词之前。 单个形容词较短，做前置定语 They had a good time yesterday. 形容词 Look at your hands. 代词 There are two apples on the table. 数词 This is a flower shop. 名词 My eating habits are pretty good. 动名词 The above photo was taken fifty years ago. 介词
语法探究
1. The boy needs a ball pen.
找出下面句子的定语
2. She is a kind girl.
3. There is nothing to do today.
4. That is a girl writing the letter.
5. This is a book written by Lucy.
找出下面句子的宾语
1. We had a wonderful time. 2. She took a fancy photo. 3. They left me a lot of money. 4. My sister sent me a bunch of flowers
on my birthday. 5. I am fond of reading books. 6. He refused to go with us. 7. My teacher suggested that
不定式 动名词 表语从句
五、定语
一般来说，修饰或限定名词的词语，叫定语，相当于汉语的“......
的”。
Beautiful Rose likes beautiful things. 形容词
Champagne rose is her favorite. 名词
Six roses seem not enough. 数词
The small theater.
The meeting lasted an hour.
I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.
He has caught a bad cold.
He pretended not to see me. He was deeply moved by the story. This must be your pen.