北师大版高中英语必修五14-1Lesson1YourChoice

高中英语学习材料
（灿若寒星*制作整理）
必修5 Unit 14 Lesson 1
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．This hotel________$ 140 for a single room with bath.
A．charges B．claims
C．prices D．accepts
解析：句意为：这个旅馆有浴室的单间开价140美元。

charge意思是“收费”；claim 意思是“主张，要求”；price作为动词意思是“给……定价”；accept意思是“接受”。

根据语境，这里指“收费”，所以选A。

答案： A
2．We are________by doctors to eat more natural food and take plenty of physical exercises.
A．suggested B．warned
C．informed D．advised
解析：句意为：医生建议我们多吃天然食物、多做运动。

advise sb.to do sth.意思是“建议某人做某事”。

答案： D
3．In no way can you work ou t the problem.I’d like to give you________.Would you________？
A．some advice；receive it B．some advices；accept them
C．a piece of advice；take it D．an advice；accept that
解析：句意为：你不可能解决这个问题。

我想给你一些建议，你接受吗？give sb.advice on...意思是“就某事给某人提建议”。

根据语境，这里选C最合适。

答案： C
4．—Where have you been?
—I________in the heavy traffic.Otherwise I________here earlier.
A．have got stuck；would have come B．got stuck，was
C．got stuck；would have come D．had to stuck，would come
解析：句意为：你去哪里了？我遇上交通阻塞了。

不然的话我会来得早些的。

otherwise，表示由真实语气转换成虚拟语气。

由前面的一般过去时可知，后面要用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

答案： C
5．The government________the citizens that they should pay their income________in time.
A．announced；pay B．announced to；pay
C．announced；tax D．announced to；tax
解析：本题考查动词和名词的用法。

句意为：政府向居民通告，他们应该及时地交纳个人所得税。

announce指公开或当众正式宣布人们所关心的某件事情。

announce to sb.sth.中的to不能省略，像explain，suggest一样，必须接上to以后才能接间接宾语。

答案： D
6．I washed my hands and________the supper while my mother was busy________the supper.
A．prepare；prepared B．prepared for；preparing
C．prepare for；prepared D．prepared；prepared for
解析：句意为：我洗了手准备吃晚饭，而我妈妈在忙于做晚饭。

prepare for sth.意思是“为……做准备”；prepare sth.意思是“准备……”，是直接地准备。

根据语境，这里选B 最合适。

答案： B
7．You will find as you read this book that you just can’t keep some of these stori es to________.You will want to share them with a friend.
A．itself B．yourself
C．himself D．themselves
解析：句意为：你会发现，当你读这本书的时候，你会忍不住把其中的一些故事和你的朋友一起分享。

to yourself是介词短语，在句子中作动词keep的宾语补足语。

keep...to oneself意思是“将……秘而不宣”。

这里的反身代词要与主语保持一致。

答案： B
8．—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else________，is there?
A．who to turn to B．she can turn to
C．for whom to turn D．for her to turn
解析：本题考查固定词组搭配。

句意为：“为什么她总是找你帮忙？”“她没有其他人可以找了，不是吗？” turn to中“to”不可以省略。

答案： B
9．________about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A．So curious the couple was B．So curious were the couple
C．How curious the couple were D．The couple was such curious
解析：be curious about意思是“对……感到好奇”。

so...that结构若把so和它所修饰
的部分提到句子前面，应该用倒装形式。

答案： B
10．Work hard，and________yourself，and you’ll succeed sooner or later.
A．believe in B．believe
C．respect D．depend
解析：句意为：努力工作，相信自己，你迟早会成功的。

believe in意思是“信任”。

答案： A
11．—I’m sorry to________you，but can you tell me the way to the nearest supermarket?
—I will do some shopping，too.Shall we walk there together?
A．bother B．carry
C．affect D．award
解析：句中I’m sorry to bother you相当于Excuse me对不起，打扰一下。

答案： A
12．She________my question，but she didn’t________to what he asked.
A．replied；reply B．answered；reply
C．answered；answer D．answered for；reply
解析：句意为：她回答了我的问题，但是没有回答他的提问。

answer是及物动词，而reply往往用作不及物动词，接宾语的时候后面加to。

答案： B
13．________of danger in the street at night，she had to go home，with a friend________her.
A．Warned；followed B．Warning；following
C．Having warned；following D．Having been warned；following
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。

句子的主语she与warn之间是被动关系，且发生在句子谓语动词前，故应使用完成时的被动式；后一个空格处是介词with的复合结构，friend与follow之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词。

答案： D
14．Children under six are not________to school except those of extraordinary intelligence.
A．permitted B．admitted
C．accepted D．received
解析：本题考查动词的区别。

句意为：除了特别聪明的孩子，6岁以下的小孩不允许上学。

be admitted to school意思是“被吸收入学”。

答案： B
15．I’ve visited a lot of different places and stayed in a lot of different hotels，and nothing else________this one.
A．matches B．catches
C．goes with D．compares
解析：本题考查动词的区别。

句意为：我参观过很多地方，也住过很多旅馆，没有哪一家能比得上这一家。

match在这里指“两样东西互相匹配”；catch意思是“捕获，赶上(车、船等)，发觉，感染(疾病)”；go with意思是“伴随，与……相配”；compare意思是“比较，相比”。

根据句子的语境，这里选A最合适，其他选项与句子意义不符。

答案： A
Ⅱ.单词拼写
16．His________(收入) allows of no extravagance in his way of living.
答案：income
17．Such________(随意的) dress would not be correct for a formal occasion.
答案：casual
18．As a group leader，you should take________(负责)．
答案：charge
19．They set to work accumulating a huge mass of________(资料)．
答案：data
20．At this time Hitler made a crowning________(错误) in strategy and direction.
答案：error
21．Those children are always________(争吵，吵架) over little things.
答案：quarrelling
22．I must________(提出) them an apology for not going to attend their party.
答案：offer
23．Our teacher told us to write a________(摘要，总结) of the text as homework.
答案：summary
24．Under the teachers’________(指导)，we have made much progress.
答案：guidance
25．After we paid the bill，the assistant gave me the________(收条)．
答案：receipt
Ⅲ.同义句转换
26．A：She really didn’t know how to control the troubled situation here.
B：She really didn’t know how to________ ________ ________the situation here.
答案：take charge of
27．A：I’ll go to bed after I finish my homework.
B：I________go to bed________I finish my homework.
答案：won’t；until
28．A：I loved the book when I read it for the first time.
B：________ ________ ________I read the book，I loved it.
答案：The first time
29．A：After he graduated from university，he went to work in the west.
B：________ ________from university，he went to work in the west.
答案：After graduating
30．A：I was very interested in what she was reading，so I quickly looked at the book’s cover.
B：I was very interested in what she was reading，so I________ ________the book’s cover.
答案：glanced at
Ⅳ.完成句子
根据汉语，完成下列英语句子。

31．他在解决这个问题时遇到了难处。

He________________________solving the problem.
答案：has difficulty/problems/trouble in
32．在老师的帮助下，我的英语提高得很快。

________________________________the teacher，my English has been greatly improved.
答案：With the aid/help of
33．这个部门直到被她接管，运营才有所好转。

The department was badly organised until she ________________________ it.
答案：took charge of
34．雷锋给我们每个人树立了乐于助人的好榜样。

Lei Feng ________________________________ to everyone of helping others.
答案：set a good example
35．昨天她与丈夫吵了一架。

She________________her husband yesterday.
答案：quarrelled with
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Recently，a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life.He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has more meaning than we usually think.One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep record of every penny they spend for a week.From the way they spend their money，they can see what they really value in life.
He says our relation with others often becomes clearly defined when money enters the picture.You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are a very
good friend.But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money.If he does，it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before.Or it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t.This person may say that he has a certain feeling，but if it is not carried out in the money world，there is something less real about it.
Since money is so important to us，we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important.The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.
Question：What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich，because you are a self-made man?
Answer：The most surprising thing is how people give me so much respect.I am nothing.I do not know much.All I am is rich.
People just have an idea of making more and more money，but what is it for？How much do I need for any given purposes in my life？In his book，the professor uncovered an important need in modern society：to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end.Money plays an important role in the material world，but expecting money to bring happiness may be missing the meaning of life.
36．The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money________.
A．is a good way to test your friendship
B．will do harm to your friendship
C．will strengthen your friendship
D．is a good way to break off your friendship
解析：推理判断题。

从文章第二段可知，如果朋友借钱给你会加强你们的友谊，但如果他不借，就会削弱你们的友谊。

所以作者认为找朋友借钱是测试友谊的一种很好的方式。

答案： A
37．What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview?
A．He does not feel that he is well educated.
B．He does not think that he is a very important person.
C．He doesn’t think that being rich is worth so much attention.
D．He does not consider himself to be very successful.
答案： C
38．What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?
A．Money is an end. B．Money is a means.
C．Money is everything. D．Money is unimportant.
解析：推理判断题。

从文章最后一段“...money is an instrument rather than the end”可知金钱只是一个工具，不是我们生活的最终目的。

所以B项说金钱只是一种方式、手段正确。

答案： B
39．Which of the following might the author disagree with?
A．Money is important in modern society.
B．The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.
C．Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness.
D．Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.
答案： C
40．What does the answer means by “All I am is rich.”？
A．I am a rich person. B．I only have money.
C．I have all money. D．I’ve got a large sum of money.
解析：句意理解题。

由前句中“I am nothing.”可知“All I am is rich”意为“我所拥有的只是钱”。

A、C、D三个选项不符，故选B项。

答案： B
Winter weather has returned to northern areas of the world.In much
of the United States，winter means the return of snow.
Snow is a form of frozen water.It contains many groups of very
small ice particles called snow crystals (晶体)．These crystals grow from
water particles in cold clouds.They usually grow around a piece of
dust.All snow crystals have six sides，but they grow in different shapes.The shape depends mainly on the temperature and water levels in the air.The shape of a snow crystal may change from one form to another as the crystal passes through levels of air with different temperatures.Snow contains much less water than rain.About seventy-five centimeters of snow has as much water as two and a half centimeters of rain.
Generally，the color of snow and ice appears white.This is because the light we see from the sun is white.Most natural materials take in some sunlight.However，when light travels from air to snow，some light is sent back，or reflected.Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight.It is this light that gives snow its white color.
Much of the water we use comes from snow.Melting snow gives water to rivers and crops.Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from the cold.Fresh snow is made largely of air which is kept among the snow crystals.Because the air has trouble moving，the movement of heat is greatly reduced.However，snow is responsible for the deaths of hundreds of people in the United States every year.Many people die in traffic accidents on roads that are covered with snow or ice.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文，对于雪的结构、颜色及其影响做了介绍。

41．In the center of a snow crystal there is________.
A．air B．water
C．dust D．sunlight
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第四句可知，雪花的中心是dust。

答案： C
42．If fifteen centimeters of snow completely melts，the height of water will be________.
A．0.5 centimeters B．1 centimeter
C．1.5 centimeters D．15 centimeters
解析：推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句可以推出，15厘米高的雪完全融化后为0.5厘米高的水。

答案： A
43．According to the text，snow looks white because________.
A．snow is actually white
B．the ice particles are white
C．the reflection of light makes it look white
D．there is a lot of air in the snow
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章第三段的内容“This is because the light we see from the sun is white...It is this light that gives snow its white color”可知，雪的颜色实际上是反射太阳光的颜色。

答案： C
44．How can snow protect plants from the cold?
A．Snow gives the plants much heat.
B．Snow turns into water and waters the plants.
C．Snow makes the plants keep moving.
D．Snow contains air which has trouble moving.
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段第四、五两句话可知，雪中含有的空气流动困难，从而给植物起到了保暖的作用。

答案： D
45．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Snow can give water to rivers and crops.
B．Snow can help crops keep warm in winter.
C．Snow has both advantages and disadvantages.
D．Snow is the cause of the deaths of many people.
解析：主旨大意题。

文章的最后一段既写了snow对自然环境的帮助，又写了它对人类造成的危害。

C项很好地概括了整段内容。

答案： C。