雅思阅读高频词汇解析

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雅思阅读高频词汇解析
List1
1.random (adj./n.) 随便(的),随机(的)
2.secondary (adj.) 中等教育的,第二期的,继发的,次要的
elementary (adj.) 基础的,简单的tertiary (adj.) 第三的,第三级的
3.accidentally = by chance 偶然的
4.seal (v.) 封住
5.hazardous (adj.) 危险的,危害的dangerous
6.resemble (v.) 像= look like
/doc/16fe69d29cc3d5bbfd0a79563c1ec5da 51e2d641.html itary (adj.) 军事的army →battlefield/ battleground
mimic
8.copy (v./n.) 复制→ duplicate→ reproduce→ imitate→
9.deadly (adj.) 致命的le thal →fatal
10. expose (v.) 暴露,揭露→exposure(n.)
11. toxic = poisonous (adj.) 有毒的→ toxin (n.) = poison
12. waterproof (adj.) 防水的
earthquake-resistant houses 防震房子wear-resistant shoes耐穿的鞋13. identical =exactly alike →identify 识别,认出→recognize→distinguish
→ident ity 身份,特性,特色
适应…
14. adapt 1) adapt to…
2) adapt sth. 调整
→adaptation (n.) 适应,适合,改编物
→adaptable (adj.) 适应性强的
15. innovation (n.) 创新,革新
→innovate (v.)
→innovative (adj.)
16. antiafterglow 防复燃的
→anti- against
e.g.: anti-freeze 防冻液anti-pollution laws 反污染法
17. novel (adj.) 新颖的
18. preserve (v.) 保护→ preservation (n.)
→ conserve (v.) 保存,保护
→ conservation (n.)
19. persistent (adj.) 坚持的,持续的
20. previous (adj.) 先的,以前的
21. original (adj.) 最初的,最早的,独创的= first
→originally (adv.) = at the beginning
origin(n.) 起源,起因,由来,出身originate (v.) 发源,发生,创始→initially(adv.) initial (adj.)开始的,最初的initiate(v.) 开始,创始,发动
initiative (n.) 始创,主动
22. arise (v.) 出现,发生→ emerge (v.) = appear
23. commitment (n.) 承担义务,许诺→commit(v.) 犯(错误,罪行),致力于
24. unrealistic (adj.) 不现实的
→realistic 现实的
25. underestimate (n.) 低估→under- : not enough
→underuse使用不足understaffed 员工不足
→over- : too much
→overestimate 高估overdose过量用药over-stimulate 过度刺激26. assume (v.) 假定,设想,假设→assumption (n.)
→ presume (v.) presumption (n.) presumably (adv.)
27. criterion = standard (n.) 标准
→criteria (复数)
28. notorious (adj.) 臭名昭著的,声名狼藉的
→notoriety (n.)
29. complete (adj.) 完整的,全部的intact
30. optimistic (adj.) 乐观的→optimism (n.)
→pessimistic (adj.) 悲观的pessimism (n.)
31. approximately = about 大约
32. objective (adj. 客观的n.目的)
33. impartial (adj.) 公正的→反义biased
34.architecture (n.) 建筑学,建筑风格,建筑式样
→ architect (n.) 建筑师,设计师architectural (adj.) 建筑学的,建筑的35. coexistence (n.) 共存
→coexist
→co- : together, with
→ cooperate合作collaborate合作correlation共同联系
36. economical (adj.) 经济的,节约的
37. originate (v.) 发源,发生,创始
→origin (n.) 起源,起因,由来,出身
original (adj.) 最初的,最早的,独创的
38. virtually (adv.)=almost 几乎
39. distinct : different 不同的→ distinctive与众不同的,有特色的
40. systematic (adj.) 系统的
41. categorise (v.) 归类classify (v.)
42. genetic (adj.) 基因的→gene (n.) 基因
43. automatically (adv.) 自动的→ automatic (adj.)
→-auto-: self
→ autono my= independence (n.)自治,独立
autonomous =independent (adj.) 自治的,独立的
44. stroke / a blood clot in the brain 血栓
45. . paralysis(n.) 瘫痪→paralyze (v.)
46. reverse (v. 颠倒,改变,倒转,使反向adj. 颠倒的,相反的) →invert (v.) 颠倒,倒转
→conversely= on the contrary
48. evolution (n.) 进化,演化→ evolve (v.)
49. secrete (v.) 分泌
50. hormone (n.) 荷尔蒙
→hormonal (adj.)
List 2
1. male (adj.男性的n. 男性)
→反义female
2. reinforce (v.) 增援,加强
→reinforcement (n.)
3. subliminally (adv.) 下意识
→subconscious(adj.)下意识
→sub- : under在…之下, smaller更小的, less than 低于,亚于e.g.: submarine 潜水艇submerge淹没
sub-region分区sub-health亚健康
4. prejudice (v. n. ) 歧视,偏见
→bias (v. n. ) 偏见,倾向性,偏爱
eg: a bias against 反对
a bias towards 支持
5. feature (n.)
→characteristic (n. 特点adj.典型的)
6. undergo (v.) 经历,遭受,忍受
7. migratory (adj.) 迁移的
→ migrate (v.) migration (n.)
8. up to 高达…(强调多)
→反义down to
→ more than 多于…(强调多)
at least 至少….( 强调多)
9. extension (n.) 延伸
→ extend (v.) extensive (adj.)
10. temporary (adj.) 临时的,暂时的
→contemporary (adj.) 当代的,同时代的
11.frame (n.) 构架,框
12.insert (v.)
13.extract (v.) 分离,提取
14. tranquil = quiet (adj.) 安静的
→tranquility (n.)
15. reject (v.) 抛弃,拒绝近:refuse
16. spin (v.) 旋转→rotate (v.) 旋转
17. on the face of 表面看来
18. considerable (adj.) 相当大(多)的→substantial (adj.)
19. account for 解释,说明
20. apply (vt.)..(to) 应用…于→ apply (to) (vi.)适用于
→ apply for 申请→ application (n.)
21. characteristic (n.) 特点(adj.) 典型的
22. concept (n.) 概念,观念,想法→conception (n.)概念,观念,想法→conceive (v.) 构想,想到,考虑→ perceive 察觉,发觉,理解→ perception (n.) 观念,概念,洞察力,直觉
23. definition (n.) 定义→ define (vt.)
24. short-term 短期的→反义long-term
25.proportion (n.) 比例,比率,部分
→ in proportion with/to 成比例,合情理
→ out of proportion with/to 不成比例,不合情理
26. socialize (v.) 社会化
→computerize 电脑化urbanize城市化commercialize 商业化
27. provision (n.) 提供,供应→ provide (v.)
28. character (n.) 特性,性质
29. as opposed to 截然想反,完全不同→oppose (v.) 反对,反

→ object (v.)反对→be opposed to 反对
30. anticipation (n.) = expectation 期望→anticipate (v.)= expect
31. sustain (v.) 持续,维持→sustainable (adj.) 可持续的
→retain 保持,保留
32. → retain 保持,保留reinforce (v.) 增援,加强
→reinforcement (n.)
33. tend to 倾向于,趋势→tendency (n.) 趋势
→ be prone to 有…倾向
34. feature (n.) 特点,特征→ character → characteristic
35. recapture (v.) 回忆
→re- : again, back e.g.: reassess 重新评估revert 回复
36. subject (n.) 主题,科目(discipline),受实验者(vt.) 使受到,使遭遇
37. pseudo- : false 假的e.g.: pseudonym 假名pseudo-event
→inauthentic (adj.) 假的→artificial (adj.)人造的,假的artificiality (n.)
38. generate (v.)发生,产生
→generation (n.)
→generator 发电机,发生器
39. constitute (v.) 构成→make up →account for
40. object (n.) 物,物体,目的,目标(v.)反对,不喜欢
→ objection (n.) 反对
41. distinction (n.) 差别= difference
→distinct 明显的,区分的→distinctive →distinguish (v.)区分
42. in accordance with = according to 根据
42. justify (v.) 证明…是正当的,为…辩护→justification (n.)
43. alternative (adj.) 可替换的(n.)二选一,抉择,抉择
44.versus (prep.) 对抗Vs
45.enhance (v.) 增加,美化
46.provenance 起源1)origin 2)derivation
47. vibrant 振动的,有活力的1)vigorous 2)lively
48. up-to-date 最新的1)advanced 2)contemporary 3)current 4)modern
49. discreetly 小心谨慎地1)carefully2)cautiously3)considerately
4)prudently5)thoughtfully
50. related 有关联的1)associated 2)link 3)allied
4)affiliated5)connected
List 3
1.transform vt.转换, 改变1)alter 2)modify 3)convert 4) revise
2. vital adj. 极为重要的1)important 2)main 3) crucial
4) essential 5) significant 6) major
3. prevent vt.阻止1) thwart 2) hinder 3) forbid
4) deter 5) inhibit 6) prohibit 7) block
4. reveal vt.揭示,展示1)demonstrate2)disclose3)display
4)exhibit 5)expose 6)manifest 7)present
反义词:conceal vt.隐匿,隐藏
5. convey vt.搬运,传达1)transmit 2)communicate 3)deliver
4)inform 5)transfer 6)transport
6. detect vt.发觉,侦查find 1)discover 2)perceive 3)recognize
7. dismantle vt.拆除1)demolish 2)disassemble 3)take apart 4)wreck
8. conventional adj.惯例的,常规的,传统的1)traditional 2)customary
3)established 4)accepted
9. submerge vt.淹1) immerse 2)inundate 3)sink
10. consist of v. phr. 由……组成1)comprise 2)include 3) be made up of
11. extreme adj.极端的,尽头的1)drastic2)exaggerated 3)excessive
4)radical 5)terminal
12. escape vi.逃脱1)evade2)flee 3)get away
13. complex adj.复杂的1)complicated 2)confused
14. complete (adj.) 完善的,完整的v. 完成
incomplete adj.不完整的deplete vt. 减少
15, massive adj.大块的large-scale大规模
1)clumsy 2)coarse
16. commercial adj.商业的1)mercantile
17. consume vt.消耗,消费exhaust vt. 使。

精疲力尽
18. occupy vt.占据1)account for 2) take up
19. obstacle n.障碍1)barrier 2)obstacle3)hindrance
4)impediment 5)obstruction 6)block
20. disguise vt.&n. 伪装(undisguised) 1)conceal 2)cover
3)hide 4)misrepresent
21. chronic adj.慢性的,长期的long-term 1)lasting 2)constant
22. comprise vt.包含1)consist of 2)contain
3)include 4)involve
23. adapt vt.使适应1)adjust 2)alter
3)change 4)modify 5)vary 6) transform
24. develop vi.发展1)advance 2)flourish繁荣
3)grow 4)progress
25. stimulate vt.刺激1)activate 2)energize
3)motivate 4)arouse 5)spur 6)stir
26. equip vi装备equipment 1)costume 2)fit 3)furnish
27. virtual adj.实质上的1)actual 2)basic 3)essential
4)fundamental 5)realistic 6)elementary
28, evolve vi.发展,进展evolution 1)advance 2)progress
29. increase vi.&n增加1)rise 2)raise 3)extend 4)expand
30. shrink vi.缩小1)contract 2) dwindle 3)retreat
4)withdraw 5)flinch 6)cringe
31. reserve vt.储存,保留1)preserve 2)conserve 3) maintain 4)reserve
32. respond vi. 回应1)react 2)reply
33. profit n.利润1)advantage 2)benefit
3)earnings 4)gain
34. supply vt.补给1)offer2)provide4)furnish
35, diminish vi.减少1)lessen 3)decrease 4)curtail 5)reduce
36. fatigue n.&vt.使疲劳1)exhaust 2)tire 3)wear out
37. capture vt.抓住,俘获1)arrest2)apprehend 3)imprison 4)seize
38. form vt.形成1)shape /又可作n.形式1).category 2) classification
39. versatile adj.多功能用途的;多才多艺的1)adaptable2)all-around
3)capable 4)competent
40. function n.功能;运行1)operate 2)exercise 3)perform
41. equivalent adj.相等的n.相等的等价物1)equal 2)match
42. compress vt.压缩1)press 2)squeeze
3)condense 4)crush 压倒vi
43. rigid adj.刚强的,坚硬的1)firm 2)solid 3)tense
44. random adj.任意的,随机的1)aimless 2)irregular 3)unorganized
45. tremendous adj.巨大的,极大的1)colossal 2)enormous
3)giant4)vast
46.instant adj.立即的,即刻的1)immediate3)prompt4)urgent
47. concentrate vi.集中,浓缩1)focus 2)intensify
3)strengthen 4)heighten
48. isolate vt.使孤立,隔绝1)separate 2)segregate 3)seclude 4)set apart
49. exceptional adj.例外的,异常的1)extraordinary 2)notable
3)outstanding 4)remarkable 5)unusual
50. thoroughly adv.彻底地1)completely 2)fully 3)completely
List 4
/doc/16fe69d29cc3d5bbfd0a79563c1ec5da 51e2d641.html itary (adj. n.) 军事的、军队→army → battlefield→camouflag e
2. concept (n.) 概念、观念→ conception→ perception
3. mechanism (n.) 机制、原理
4. propel推动
5. breakthrough (n.) 重大发现、突破
6. automatically (adv.) 自动地
7. accelerate (v.) 加速
反义:decelerate
8. sophisticated adj.
人:精明能干的,善于诡辩的,老于世故的,
物:精心设计的
9. discharge (v. n.) 排放→emit/ release
10.. exhaust (n.) 尾气→exhaustive全面彻底的
11. compound复合,合成
12. stability (n.) 稳定
→ stable (adj.)反义:unsable
13. incentive (n.) 动力,激励→motivation
14. aggressive侵略的。

过分的
15. complete with 配备
16. insert (v.) 植入、插入
17. humble (adj.) 谦卑的,卑贱的
18. previous (adj.) 以前的prior adj.
19. component n.部分adj.部分的
20. fatal (adj.) 致命的→ lethal/ deadly
21. exhale (v.) 呼出exhalation (n.)
反义:inhale inhalation (n.)
22. illustration插图,例证,阐明illustrate v.(The chart illustrates…)
23. be attributed to 归因于
be blamed on 归咎于
24. adolescence 青春期
adolescent n.孩子teenager
同义替换:offspring, descendant, next generation
25. exposure (n.) 暴露expose(v.)
26. adverse adj.坏的,不利的adverse effects=adversity
27. continual adj.持续不断的
同义替换:simultaneous
28. interfere with 干扰,影响,干涉
intervene with 干预
29. toxin (n.) 毒素toxic 有毒的→ poison →poisous
30. likelihood (n.) 可能性possibility probability
31. underestimate (v.) 低估反义:overestimate
32. illegal (adj.) 非法的反义:legal
→illegitimate 非法的→反义:legitimate
33. absorption (n.) 吸收absorb (v.)
34. formation (n.) 形成form(v.)
35. intake (n.)摄入,吸入
36.imaginative (adj.) 想象力丰富的imaginable (adj.) 能够想象得到的
37.inspirational 鼓励的,有启示的
同义替换:motivated
37.unbiased (adj.) 无偏见的,公正的impartial 反义:biased
unprejudiced 反义:prejudiced
38. relevant adj.相关联的同义替换:pertinent
39.emerge (v.) 出现反义:vanish (vi)消失
40. initiative (n.) 主动、始创、发端
initiate(v.)开始、创始
initial (adj.) 最处的=original=first
41. discard v.丢弃
42. modify (v.) 修改
modification (n.)
43. retain (v,) 保持、保留
= maintain= suatain
44. myth n.神话,谣言
45. fashion n.方式,流行(同义替换:vogue)
46. output (n.)输出
反义:input 输入
47. evaluate (v.) 评估
assess(v.)
48. remarkable (adj.) 卓越的、显著的
→phenomenal (adj.) 非凡的、出众的
49. breed (v.) 生产、繁殖interbreed (vi) 联姻
50. evolve (v.) 进化、发展= develop
evolution (n.)
List 5
1.. adapt (v.) vt. 调整vi. 适应
adaptation (n.) adaptable (adj.)
2. native (adj.) 本土的、当地的
→ indigenous / local/ aboriginal
3. dweller (n.) 居民
同义替换:inhabitant,settler
4. import (v.) 进口importation (n.)
反义:export (v.) exportation (n.) 联:transport (v.&vi.)交通运输
5. integrate (v.)使成整体,使合并
同义替换:consolidate, unify
6. release (v.) 释放emit (vi.) 排放,释放emission (n..)
7. pasture n.牧场v.作为牧场ranch vi.放牧
8. permanent (adj.) 永久的近义:perpetual (adj.) 反义:temporary adj. 临时的
9. sustain (v.) 维持、持续sustainable (adj.)可持续的
→maintain (vt)支持,支撑→ retain (vt) 保持,保留
10. ecology (n.) 生态学、生态ecological (adj.)
→ ecosystem 生态系统→ ecotourism 生态游
11. predator (n.) 食肉动物,捕食者carnivore 肉食者herbivore 食草者
→prey (n.) 猎物prey (v.) 捕食
12. originate (v.) 发源,发生、创始origin (n.) original (adj.)
→initiate vi.发起initial adj. 起初的→launch vi 发起
13. roll (n. v.) 滚动、卷rotate /spin (vi)旋转
14. attach (v.) 系、连接、固定
反义:detach (vi)分离,分开
15. overlap v.与…重叠,与…部分一致
16. offspring (n.) 子孙、后代、幼仔近义:ancestor/
forebear/forefather
17. annual (adj.) 每年的、年度的
18. initial (adj.) 最初的
initiate(v.)发起、创始initiative (n.) 主动
19. fertilizer (n.) 化肥fertile (adj.) 肥沃的fertilize (v.)施肥;使受精
20. habitat (n.) 栖息地habitant (n) 居住者
21. deprive v.是不能享受,剥夺deprive sb. Of sth.剥夺某人某物deprivation (n.)
22. subsidise v.资助,给与津贴
subsidy n.津贴,财政拨款
23. consumption (n.) 消费、消耗consume (v.) consumer (n)消费者
24. bonus (n.) 奖金、红利、额外的好处
25. confront (v.) 勇敢正视→confrontation (n.) be confronted/ faced with
面对着
26. proportion (n.) 比例percentage 比重
27. irrigation (n.) 灌溉irrigate (v.)
28. deforestation (n.) 乱砍乱伐forestation (n.)植树造林
29. fertilizer (n.) 化肥fertile (adj.) fertilise (v.)
30. pesticide (n.) 杀虫剂insecticide 杀虫剂herbicide 除草剂
31. contaminate (v.) =pollute 使污染
contamination (n.) 污染contaminant (n.) 污染物
32. intensive (adj.) 精心的、深入细致的、集中的intensive farming
33. abandonment (n.) 抛弃abandon (v.) desert (vt)抛弃,丢弃
34. exacerbate (v.) 使加剧、使恶化exacerbation (n.) →aggravate (vt)
35. erosion n.侵蚀erosive ( adj. ) erode v.侵蚀
36. accompany (v.) 陪伴、伴随
37. diminish (v.) 减少、降低dwindle ; 削弱undermine /weaken
38. subsequent (adj.) 随后的、后来的consequent adj.
39. embark upon 开始、着手be engaged in
把…转换成.. 近义: shift
40. convert (v.) 转变、变换convert … into …
41. vanish (v.) 消失=disappear 反义: emerge = appear
42. compound (v.) 使更坏、使加剧→exacerbate (v.)加剧→deteriorate (v.)
毁坏
43. immense (adj.) 巨大的→ enormous → tremendous
→ numerous 数目众多的→ vast →giant
44. option (n.) 选择opt (v.) optional (adj.)
近义:choice /alternative
45. readily available 随时可得到的easily accessed adj.触手可及的
46. application (n.) 应用apply (v.) applicant 可应用的
47. diversify (v.) 使多样化diversity (n.) 多样化diverse adj.多样化的
48. eliminate (v.) 消除
49. environmentally friendly 环保的
50. . incentive (n.) 激励→motivation (n)动机
List 6
1.contribute to 导致→ give rise to / bring about
2. aggravate (v.) 加重,使恶化→compound (v.)
→exacerbate (v.)→deteriorate (v.)
3. artificial adj.人造的,伪造的,假装的
artifact n.手工艺品(同义替换:craft)
4. resistant (adj.) 有抵抗力的
resist (v.) resistance (n.)
5. lethal (adj.) 致命的
→deadly→fatal
6. overuse (n.) 过量使用
→overestimate 高估overdose 药剂过量overstaffed 冗员的
7. negotiation n.谈判negotiator n.谈判者
8. outcome (n.) 结果output
9. desirable (adj.) 理想的→ideal
10. intensity (n.) 强烈、剧烈intense adj.密集的
11. trivial adj. 繁琐的,微不足道的→subtle 细微的
12. likelihood n. 可能→ possibility probability chance
13. circumstance n. 环境→ environment setting surrounding
14. subordinate n. adj. 下级(的)、次要(的)
→sub- 在…之下、低于、次于、亚于submarine 潜水艇
15. ritual n. 典礼、仪式
16. ambiguity n. 模棱两可→ ambiguous
→ am bi- 两者、二、双
17. irritation n. 恼怒,苦恼irritate vt.
18. specify v. 指定、指明、具体说明
19. reverse v. 使倒转、使反向→ reversible adj.
→ converse adj. invert v.
20. eliminate v. 消除
21. small-scale 小的、小规模的
反:large-scale/massive scale/massive/ mass
22. extraordinary adj. 不寻常的
23. vital= critical =crucial 关键的
24. collaboration (n.) =cooperation collaborate v.
in collaboration with 与…合作的
25. executive adj.执行的,管理的,行政的
chief executive CEO
26. draw on = make use of
27. ingenuity n. 机灵、足智多谋
28. ecological (adj.) ecology (n.) 生态学
→ecotour ism 生态旅游ecosystem 生态系统
29. exceptional adj.杰出的
→ outstanding prominent eminent famous distinguished 30. disposable adj.一次性的
→ dispose v. 处理disposal n.
31. assume (v.) assumption (n.) 假设
→presume (v.) presumption (n.)
32. assimilation (n.) assimilate (v.) 吸收、同化culture assimilation
33. marginal (adj.) 边缘的marginal communities =small-scale societies
34. community 社会,共同体;国家the sense of community
35. notorious (adj.) notoriety (n.) 臭名昭著、声名狼藉
36. the advent of …
的来到,来临
37. contribute to = lead to = give rise to 导致
38. indigenous =native/local 本土的、当地的
39. invert (v.) 颠倒,倒转→reverse (v. adj.)
→ conversely= on the contrary
40. focus on =concentrate on
→put/lay emphasis on
→ emphasize
→ give priority to
41. prediction (n.) predict (v.) 预测→foresee envision 预见
42. sustain v. 支撑、维持、持续maintain vt.
43. prehistoric adj. 史前的
→ pre- before e.g.: pre-linguistic pre-school
44. deplete v. 使耗尽、大量减少
→depletion n. use up exhaust
45. handicapped adj.残疾的,智力不健全的
46. hostile adj. 敌对的adverse 不利的
→hostility n. adversity n.敌对
47. evolutionary adj. 进化的、发展的
→ evolve v. evolution n.
48. adaptation to 适应
→ adapt to 近义:adjust vt. 使…调整,适应
49. elaborate adj.精心设计的,刻苦的
50. enormous adj.极大的
→ tremendous substantial immense
List 7
1. mood (n.) 心境、情绪、精神状态→psyche
2. gloomy adj.黑暗的,阴沉的
3. expose (v.) 暴露、揭露→ exposure (n.)
4. impair (v.) 损害、削弱weaken /undermine vt.
5. skeptical (adj.) 怀疑的suspected adj.
6. optimistic (adj.) 乐观的optimism (n.)
→反义pessimistic (adj.) pessimism(n.)
7. trigger v.搬动扳机;触发,引发cause / create/pose
8. cope with 处理deal with / address/ dispose of
9. generate (v.) 产生generation n.
10. intense (adj.) 强烈的、剧烈的
11. implement (v.) (strategy/ policy/ solution) 实行implementation (n.)→enforce (la ws)
13. deteriorate v.恶化devastate vt. 14.authorities n.当局campaign (n. v.) 运动
15. exhaust (n.) 尾气(v. )exhaust= use up/ deplete →traffic fumes→ smog/ haze
16. stationary(a.) →static静止的
→stagnant adj. stagnate vt.停滞
17. tendency = trend 趋势
18. emission (n.) 排放emit (v.)
→ release→discharge
19. ease (v.) 缓解ease congestion →alleviate vt.
20. opposition (n.) oppose(v.) opponent (n.)反对者
→object(v.) objection (n.)
→critic adj. criticize vt.
→anti- 反抗→contra- →counter
21. scope n. 范围
22. immense adj.无穷的infinitive adj.
23. pollutant污染物contaminant (n)
pollute (vt.) pollution
contaminate (vt.) contamination
24. monitor (v.) 监督,监测monitor the exhausts of cars
25. vulnerable (adj.)易于受…影响的be ~ to do / suspected
26. acute (adj.) 严重的,急性的an acute lack of water
→chronic disease慢性病
27. linger v.徘徊,留恋,苟延残喘
28. in proportion with /to 和..成比例→ out of proportion with/ to
29. corporate (adj.) 集体的、全体的、企业的
30. campaign (n. v.) 运动
31. counterpart (n.) (职级地位) 相当的人、物
32. previous (adj.) 以前的prior to 在…之前
33. minimal (adj.) 最低限度的、最小的→minimum minimize
34. vital (adj.) = critical =crucial 关键的
35. invaluable (adj.) 无法估价的、无价的
36. sufficient (adj.) 足够的→反义insufficient 不充足的
→ adequate inadequate
37. numerous (adj.) 大量的
38. equivalent (adj. n.) 相等的、相同的;等价物、对等
→ n . equality adj. equal
→ (反) n . inequal different
39. oppose (v.) 反对→ opposition (n.) 反对opponent (n.)反对者
→anti- contra-
40. supervision (n.) 监督、管理supervise (v.)
supervisor (n.) supervisory (adj.)
41. substantial (adj.) 大量的、可观的、结实的
42. exploit (v.)开拓、开发,开采利用exploitation (n.)
43. parallel (adj.) 平行的、类似的
44. continuous adj.连续的
45. endeavour n.努力effort (n) make endeavour/effort to do
47. modify vt.修改modification
→alter vi.改变adj . alterable n. alteration
→ convert vt. 转换~…to sth → vary /change
48. eliminate vt.排除,清除;淘汰→exclude vt.
49. confront 勇敢正视、面对→ encounter→ face
(n.) confrontation be confronted with
50. illustration n.解释,图示→ example → drawing
(易混)→ illusion n . 错觉, 幻象
List8
1. estimate vt. 估计,评估
→ assess (vt) n . assessment adj. assessable
→ evaluate (vt) n . evaluation
→ calculate (vt) n . calculation
2. endanger vt.使…危险→ imperil → hazard → jeopardize
→ at risk at stake
3. harbor vt. 持有,怀有→ hold
eg: Childre n harbor misconception about “ pure”.
4. incorporate vt. 合并,混合incorporation(n .)incorporable adj.
→ combine → merge →unify
5. accessible adj. 可获得的→ approachable :accessible to reason通情达理
6. absorb vt.吸收absorption (n.) absorbing adj. 吸引人的,有趣的
→ assimilate vt.使同化→ take in / suck up
7. refine vt. 提炼, 精炼;→ polish → rectify 矫正,调整
8. displace vt. 替换→ replace→ substitute
9. response n.反应,回应respond vi. ~ to sth
→react vi. n. reaction → feedback n.反馈
10. consistent adj.与…一致be consistent with 反义:inconsistent 不一致的
→ corresponding → harmonic→ accordant
→ compatible 协调的,一致的,亲和的;incompatible 不和谐的,不一致的的
11. intrinsic adj. 内在的,本质的,本身的innate adj.天生的
12. destruction (n.)毁坏. 近义、:devastation →destruct (vi.&n.) → damage/ruin
13. embrace vt. 持有,包括→ harbor /hold → contain /include/ involve
14. evolve vi.进化,演变evolution(n.)→ advance
反义: degenerate v. 退化
15. ritual (n.)→routine行为习惯,例行公事
16. object vi. 反对→ oppose/ disagree→p rotest
17. restrict vt.限制restriction n.
→confine vt. be confined t o
18. preliminary (adj.) 初步的preliminary remarks 开场白,序言
a preliminary estimate初步估计→ initial → preceding→ prior
19. variation n.变体→ diversion→ variety n. 多样化,种类
various adj. 多种多样的diverse
20. inhabit n.居住者inhabitant n.居民resident n. 居民
占据→ reside vi. 居住→settle v i.定居→ dwell vi. dwell in → occupy vt.
21. compensate vt.赔偿compensation n. compensable adj.
compensate for 补偿→ make up for → balance vt. 使…平衡
22. utterance n. 说话,发表→declaration n. 宣言
23. haunt n. 常去的地方v. 出没于;作祟→ hang around
24. appreciate vt. appreciation n. 欣赏,感激,感谢→ admire/ enjoy
appreciate diverse cultures 欣赏不同的文化
25. perspective n. 观点perspective adj. 透视的
26. arrangement n. arrange v. 安排→ order→ organization
27. surface n.表面→ face → outside
→ exterior adj. → external adj.
28. representation n.代表represent (v.)→ exposition
29. initiative n. 初步行动, 主动; adj.开始的; 创始的; 初步的→ first step
→ commencement (n.)开始
30. spin vi. 旋转→ rotate → twirl
31. take aback = surprised , shocked震惊的
32. rendition n. 译文,翻译→ translation→ version
33. suggest vt.表明suggestion (n.)→ hint→ s how
→ indicate (vt.) indication ( n.) indicator n.指示器
→ imply implication n.
34. apt adj.合适的→ suitable→ proper → appropriate
35. idiosyncratic adj. 有气质的; 有特性的
→ distinguishing → distinctive → characteristic
36. interpret (vt.) interpretation n.→ translate→ account for
→ explain explanation n. → illustrate illustration n.
37. depict vt. 描述→ describe → represent → portray
38. assign vt. 分配assignment n.任务
→ distribute → dispense → allot
39. signify vt.表示,意味着→ indicate→ imply→ mean
40. consensus n. 一致意见→ agreement→ concord→ unanimity
41. solve vt. → deal with / cope with → handle → tackle
→ resolve resolution
42. figure out 理解, 想出→ unravel
43. come up with 提出propose
44. deem vt.认为→ think→ believe → consider / regard
45. ascribe vt. ascribe sth. to sth. 把…归因于
→ a ttribute
46. reveal vt.揭示→ expose → disclose
47. resemble vt.相似,像→ be similar/alike/analogous to
48. sprawl vi.蔓延,扩散→ spread → extend → stretch out 伸展,延长
49. vanish vi.消失disappear→ fade vi.暗淡
反义:emerge vi.出现appear
50. shrink vi.收缩,缩小(过去时:)shrunk→ contract vi.缩小
→ wither vi. 枯萎,衰退→ wane vi.衰落,暗淡。

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