【配套K12】[学习](2014-2018)高考英语试题分项版解析 专题21 语法填空(含解析)

专题21 语法填空
2018年高考题
【2018·全国I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___64___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___65___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherw ise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's
always___69___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.
【答案】61. longer
62. to see 63. dying
64. is 65. than
66. that \which
67. causes 68. strength
69. energetic
70. it \running
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。

63. 考查动名词。

你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。

此处of是介词，其后用动名词。

故填dying。

64. 考查动词的时态。

医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。

这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。

故填is。

65. 考查比较句型。

跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。

根据文章中的more effective可知此处填than。

66. 考查定语从句的关系词。

此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。

点睛：本文比较难的一个题是10题。

短语give it a try不容易想出来。

give a try试试。

Give sb sth；give sth to sb这些短语学生都很清楚。

但give后加it或sth的形式，比较少见。

高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语，尤其是用的比较多，而课本中出现较少的短语。

【2018·全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past
25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】61. has grown
62. the 63. actually
64. to improve
65. than 66. pollution
67. global 68. started
69. that/which
70. feeding
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可。

63. 考查副词。

句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。

句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。

故填actually。

64. 考查非谓语动词。

句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。

没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。

此处表示目的，故用不定式。

故填to improve。

65. 考查连词。

句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。

根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。

故填than。

66. 考查词性转换。

句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。

has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。

67. 考查词性转换。

句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。

fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。

故填global。

68. 考查谓语动词。

句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。

本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。

故填started。

69. 考查定语从句关系词。

根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。

指物用that/which，故填that或者which。

70. 考查省略句。

句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。

这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。

空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be 动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。

故填feeding。

点睛：学会分析句子成分。

The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 - when the government started a soil-testing program which /that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 这句话中有两个定语从句。

一个是关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是2005，the government是主语，a soil-testing program 是宾语，故此空缺少谓语动词，我们可以看出时态是一般过去时。

另一个是关系代词指代program引导的定语从句，先行词是program，gives是第三人称谓语动词，可以看出是考查关系词。

代指物并作主语，关系词要用that/which。

【2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the ___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
I was searching ___67___ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
【答案】61. which
62. the 63. loudest
64. looking
65. challenged
66. scientist
67. for 68. them
69. meant 70. to stay
【解析】本文为记叙文。

文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。

64. 考查动词。

动词avoid后要加doing。

此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。

用looking。

65. 考查非谓语。

根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。

feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。

66. 考查名词。

根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。

scientist科学家。

【点睛】此题考查固定搭配较多，其中第2,4,7，10 都为固定搭配，对于这类题目我们需要熟练掌握动词的固定搭配以及介词短语。

而此题的第一题则考查从句，对于从句我们可以通过分析句子成分确定连接词的选择。

如本题为宾语从句，宾语从句中缺主语，所以应该从连接代词who，whom，what，which，whose，再根据指人做主语可判断用which。

【2018·浙江】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ___56___(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners ___57___ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap ___58___ can be to eat out. I still remember ___59___ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ___60___(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that t ime.
While regularly eating out seems to ___61___(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ___62___(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even ___63___ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ___64___(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your
mum’s home ___65___ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
【答案】56. dishes
57. who/that
58. it 59. visiting
60. was shocked
61. have become
62. affordable
63. higher 64. weight
65. for
【解析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。

56. 考查名词。

此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。

57. 考查关系代词。

句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。

60. 考查形容词。

此处表示我感到很震惊。

shock的主语是I,用形容词和系动词组成系表结构，表示过去发生的事，系动词用过去式。

故填was shocked。

61. 考查动词时态。

根据时间状语in recent years可知用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。

62. 考查形容词。

此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的，系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得起的”故填affordable。

63. 考查形容词比较级。

此处修饰名词cost用形容词，由even表示程度修饰比较级，故填higher。

64. 考查名词。

此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。

65. 考查介词。

表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示目的用介词for，故填for。

2017年高考题
语法填空
[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61.________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62.________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63.________ (process) the
food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and
salt 64.________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As
65.________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even
66.________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67.________ (be)
full of fat and salt; by 68.________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than
they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals
and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69.________ (care) not to go to extremes.
Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70.________ is not good for the health.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。

脂肪和盐分对
于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。

61. as 考查介词。

这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。

as表示“作为”，故填as。

62. effects 考查名词复数。

分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些意料之外的副作用”，根据前文的some
可知副作用有很多，故填effects。

66. worse 考查比较级。

更糟糕的是，人们所吃的快餐的数量增加了。

故填worse。

67. is 考查主谓一致。

fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形
式。

故填is。

68. eating 考查动名词。

根据前文中的by可知此处应该填eat的动名词形式。

故填eating。

69. careful 考查形容词。

分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。

70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。

分析句子结构可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的to have too much of both，即“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。

故填which。

【名师点睛】
语法填空题的考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。

考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。

具体考查形式有以下几种：
一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词，或是填写非谓语动词；
二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；
四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。

有提示词：考查谓语动词，非谓语动词，形容词，副词
例如第62题has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease，给出了提示词effect。

考生可以从词性变化和单复数两方面考虑，effect可变为形容词effective，变为副词effectively，分析语境可知划线处应该填名词，不需要做词性上的变化。

所以考生可以从单复数方面考虑，根据划线处前的some可知应该填名词的复数形式。

所以考生可以确定正确答案为effects。

无提示词：考查冠词，介词，连词，代词
例如第70题it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 结合语境可知作者要表达“很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处”的意思。

分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”，所以填which。

[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometres and allowed people to avoid terrible 61.________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62.________ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63.________ (lay) the track and then
building a strong roof over 64.________ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 65.________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66.________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using 67.________ every day.
Later, engineers 68.________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69.________ (introduce) of electric­powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70.________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white­painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。

61. crowds 考查名词复数。

伦敦人口众多，导致路面交通拥堵，于是修建地铁。

用crowds这一复数形式，表示不断涌现的人群，用来形容人口稠密。

62. from 考查介词。

与前面的介词to一起来表示上下班(to and from work)。

63. laying 考查非谓语动词。

此处用lay的动名词形式laying与前面的digging形成并列。

该词填空难度较大，若考生未辨明lie—lying/lay/lain和lay—laying/laid/laid等特殊词形变化会导致错误。

64. the 考查冠词。

此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。

70. successful 考查形容词。

形容词与定冠词连用，相当于名词，由于该词后有介词of结构，故只能用形容词。

【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。

如本文的【小题69】，横线前是冠词the，所以横线上要使用名词introduction。

【小题66】，在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。

所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。

词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。

技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。

技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。

技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。

技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。

技巧5：词义转换题。

词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。

考点：考查语法填空
[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh­faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A­level course. But unlike her sc hool friends, 16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term 61.________ (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6，500 a day as 62.________ model in New York.
Sarah 63.________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44，wants her to give up school to model full­time. But Sarah, 64.________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65.________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66.________ (educate)．She has turned down several 67.________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before going to university to get a degree 68.________ engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69.________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modelling. It is 70.________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.”
【文章大意】文章介绍了纽约市16岁的高中女孩萨拉，她不仅学习成绩好，长得漂亮，而且是一名收入不菲的时装模特。

她爸爸希望她退学专门从事模特行业，但是她以学业为重，坚持学业和工作两不误。

61. resting 考查非谓语动词。

spend…(in) doing sth是固定句式，意为“花……做某事”。

62. a 考查冠词。

根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个
音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。

65. to prove 考查动词不定式。

want to do sth为固定搭配，故用动词不定式。

66. education 考查名词。

前面是形容词性物主代词her，故用名词形式。

67. invitations 考查名词复数。

根据句意“她拒绝了几个邀请”可知，此处需要填名词，而且invitation 是可数名词，前面有several修饰，故用复数形式。

68. in 考查介词。

get a degree in是固定搭配，意为“在……方面获得学位”。

69. comes 考查动词的时态。

根据at the moment可知这个句子应用一般现在时，而且主语是单数，故用comes。

70. certainly 考查副词。

certainly在此处修饰形容词fun。

【名师点睛】语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成10道语法填空题。

做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

纯空格题一般要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等，如果是物主代词，则空后需跟名词，比如66题。

而有提示词的需要根据语境，分析句子结构，判断所填词的词性，再确定所填词的形式。

例如67题，several是修饰复数名词的词，所以判断后面用名词的复数形式。

[2017·浙江卷6月考]
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56.________ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57.________ (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long­lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58.________ loudly that her daughter came running from the h ouse. “She thought I had hurt 59.________ (I)，” says Pahlsson.
Sixteen years 60.________ (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61.________ (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62.________ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up
nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of
kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64.________ it remained until the carrot's leafy
top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65.________ wonder.
【文章大意】本文是一则小故事，主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在16年前丢失了结婚戒指，现在失而
复得的故事。

60. earlier 考查比较级。

此处语意表示“16年前”，故填earlier。

【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。

如本文的57题，“she noticed a 57 (shine) object”，
句中a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。

故填shiny或shining 。

词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。

技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。

技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。

技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。

技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；若是
形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。

技巧5：词义转换题。

词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后
逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。

考点：考查语法填空
2016年高考题
1.【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61_(attract).
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.
【答案】
61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when
66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。

讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。

67. introducing考查动名词。

介词后面应该用动名词形式。

68. its考查代词。

修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填its。

69. days考查名词复数。

Few修饰复数名词。

【归纳总结】修饰复数名词的词和短语包括：many, few, a few, several, a number of, hundreds of等。

修饰不可数名词的词和短语包括：much, a little, little , a bit of等。

既能修饰复数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词和短语包括：more , such, plenty of, a lot of , lots of, a quantity of, quantities of等。

70. the考查冠词。

固定短语：one …the other“一个……另一个”。

考点：语法填空
【归纳总结】
语法填空题的考查范围：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、数词，连词，固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装、虚拟语气，省略、强调等。

如：63题是考查副词；68题考查代词；69题考查名词复数；70题考查冠词等。

解题策略：1.略读理解—分析填空—连贯检查（语法正确、语意连贯、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确）2. 了解语法、词法、句法、章法和惯用法。

2.【2016·全国新课标II】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 41 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 42 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 44 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 45 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 46 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 49 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】41. greater 42. achievement 43. is 44. on 45. as
46. studies 47. regularly 48. a 49. to bring 50. make
【解析】
试题分析：本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。

44.on 考查固定搭配。

形容词短语be focused on集中于....；很多人早晨对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。

45.as 考查固定搭配。

短语as...as....和...一样；正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以我们要早起，要和午饭之前一样的高效率。

46.studies 考查名词单复数。

本句的谓语动词是show，说明主语是复数名词studies。

47.regualrly 考查副词。

在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。

所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词take short breaks。

【名师点睛】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。

如本文的【小题42】，横线前面有介词of，横线上要使用名词achievement作为of的宾语。

【小题47】，在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。

所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词take short breaks。

词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。

技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。

技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。

技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。

技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；若是
形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。

技巧5：词义转换题。

词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后
逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。

考点：考查语法填空
3.【2016·全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In much of Asia, especially the so-called ＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create) special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.
【答案】
41. and
42. be made
43. to create
44. using
45. as/when
46. gradually。