职称英语(理工类)C级模拟试卷30(题后含答案及解析)

职称英语（理工类）C级模拟试卷30(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空
词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．Jack was dismissed.
A．fired
B．fined
C．exhausted
D．criticized
正确答案：A
解析：句意为：Jack被解雇了。

画线单词dismiss意为“解雇”。

fire意为“解雇”；fine意为“罚款”；exhaust意为“排出”；criticize意为“批评”。

根据画线单词意思，只有fire与其同义，可进行替换。

因此A项正确。

2．His claims seem credible to many people.
A．workable
B．convincing
C．practical
D．eligible
正确答案：B
解析：句意为：他的主张在许多人看来是可信的。

credible意为“可信的，可接受的”，与convincing(令人相信的，有说服力的)意思相近。

workable可行的；practical实际的；eligible合适的。

3．I’m afraid that your daughter has failed to get through her mid-term exams.
A．pass off
B．pass away
C．pass
D．pass out
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：恐怕你女儿期中考试不及格。

get through意为“通过”，与pass(通过)意思相近。

pass off停止；pass away去世；pass out昏倒。

4．She is a highly successful teacher.
A．fairly
C．very
D．moderately
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：她是个非常成功的教师。

句中的highly意为“很、非常”。

四个选项中：fairly意为“相当的”；rather意为“宁可、相当”；very意为“非常”；moderately意为“适当的、中庸的”。

5．Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.
A．moved
B．touched
C．surprised
D．worried
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：救援人员被他们所看到的震惊了。

句中的shock意为“震动、震惊”。

四个选项中move意为“移动、迁居”；touch意为“触及、触动”；surprise 意为“使惊奇”，与题意最接近，因此选C。

D项worry意为“使烦恼、焦虑”。

6．Mary has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.
A．tried
B．promised
C．decided
D．attempted
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：Mary决定不去参加会议了。

画线短语make up her mind意为“下定决心”。

try意为“试图”；promise意为“承诺”；decide意为“决定”；attempt意为“企图”。

根据画线短语意思，只有decide与其同义，可进行替换。

因此C项正确。

7．Her behaviour is extremely childish.
A．simple
B．immature
C．extraordinary
D．rare
正确答案：B
解析：句意为：她的行为非常幼稚。

childish意为“幼稚的”，与immature(不成熟的)意思相近。

simple简单的；beautiful漂亮的；foolish愚蠢的。

8．The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.
A．difficult
C．anxious
D．unhappy
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：周围陌生人好奇的表情让她感到不安。

uneasy意为“不安心、心神不定的”，与anxious(焦虑的、不安的)意思相近。

difficult困难的；worried 担心的；unhappy不高兴的。

9．The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.
A．puzzling
B．difficult
C．terrifying
D．urgent
正确答案：D
解析：句意为：任何经济体系所面临的至关重要的问题是如何使用缺少的资源。

crucial“至关紧要的”和urgent“紧急的”含义最接近。

puzzling“(使)迷惑的”；terrifying“使感到恐怖的”。

10．It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.
A．frightens
B．scares
C．arouses
D．confuses
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：使公牛兴奋的是物体的运动而非物体的颜色。

句中的excite 意为“唤起、引起、使兴奋”。

四个选项中frighten意为“使惊吓、恐吓”；scare 意为“惊吓”；arouse意为“唤醒、激起、引起”，为最合适的选项；confuse意为“困惑、混淆”。

11．I catch cold now and then.
A．always
B．occasionally
C．constantly
D．regularly
正确答案：B
解析：句意为：我偶尔会感冒。

now and then意为“时而、偶尔”。

occasionally 意为“时而、偶尔”。

always意为“经常”，constantly意为“不断地”，注意：动词跟constantly，always等表达“反复”意义的副词搭配时，动词动作具有反复性。

这种搭配表达说话人对某人的某种行为的不满，具有强烈的感情色彩。

下面
这句话是不带感情色彩的客观报道：Sheconstantly changes her mind．她常常改变主意。

regularly意为“经常地、定时地”。

12．There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.
A．a steady
B．a plentiful
C．an extra
D．a stable
正确答案：B
解析：句意为：这个国家有大量的廉价劳动力。

steady和stable是近义词，都表示“稳定的”，所以可以相互排除掉。

再根据构词法：plentiful是“大量的”。

判断B项最合适。

13．What were the effects of the decision she had made?
A．reasons
B．results
C．causes
D．bases
正确答案：B
解析：句意为：她做出的决定带来的影响是什么?effect意为“结果，影响”，与result(结果)意思相近。

reason意为“原因”；cause意为“原因”；base意为“基础”。

14．She was close to success.
A．fast
B．quick
C．near
D．tight
正确答案：C
解析：句意为：她离成功很近了。

句子中的画线部分意思为“靠近的、亲近的”。

四个选项中fast意为“快速的、紧紧的”，quick意为“快的、迅速的”；near 意为“近的、近似的”，与题意最接近；tight意为“紧的”。

15．I am not certain whether he will come.
A．determined
B．sure
C．sorry
D．glad
正确答案：B
解析：句意为：我不确定他是否会来。

画线单词certain意为“确定的”。

determined意为“决心的”；sure意为“确定的”；sorry意为“抱歉的”；glad意为“高兴的”。

根据画线单词的意思，只有sure与其同义，可进行替换。

因此B 项正确。

阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Look After Your V oice Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. Save your voice for your health. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If it is necessary, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter”. Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.
16．To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：B
解析：文章在第二段提到“Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat．”避免喝牛奶或者乳制品饮料，因为那些饮品会使你的嗓子发干。

17．The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：A
解析：文章的第一段的第三、四、五句，分别提到三种调动唾液的方法。

18．The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：B
解析：文章第三段指出，如果你感觉嗓音变沙哑，你要彻底停止讲话，并向专业歌手征求保护嗓子的建议。

19．The writer’s advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：B
解析：文章第四段指出，酒精给予人的自信只是刺激大脑产生的感觉，但事实上酒精会破坏大脑和嘴的协调性。

20．Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：A
解析：文章第四段指出喝酒对于讲话的弊端“．．．but in fact your brain and your mouth donot work together properly．”
21．Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：C
解析：文章没有提及。

22．The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change one’s habits.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
正确答案：A
解析：文章引用歌德的名言就是为了给读者以励志，来证明一个人是可以改掉他多年的习惯的。

概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题；(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

The Weight Experiment1 Nicola Waiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a” calorimeter”(热量测量室)is one way to find out. The signs above the two rooms read simply”Chamber One”and”Chamber Two”, these are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads, “Please do not enter-work in progress”and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers(记录)every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.2 Nicola Waiters is one of the twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help her with training and fitness program.
A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert(广告)for volunteers at her gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.3 The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence(次序)was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 a. m. on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis.4 The scientists helped volunteers impose(确立)a kind of order on the long days they faced in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book. But it was OK, because I watched TV the rest of the time, “says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled(踩踏板)for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn’t go too fast. 5 It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. V olunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss
diet. V olunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.A What does the calorimeter look like inside?B What program was designed for the experiments?C What is a calorimeter?D What was the first impression?E How did the volunteers kill the time?F Why did Nicola join in the experiments?
23．Paragraph 1______
正确答案：C
解析：本文的主旨是体重试验，主要谈哪些活动可以减轻人的体重。

要达到这样的目的，人们就有必要建立专门的热量实验室。

第一段详细地介绍了热量实验室的有关情况，比如它的外观、尺寸、用途等。

选项C的意思是“热量测量室是什么?”作为第一段的大意最合适，故选C。

24．Paragraph 2______
正确答案：F
解析：第二段主要讲尼古拉作为一名志愿者，在热量测量室进行了多次试验，文章说她到这里来的目的主要不是减肥，因为她没有体重问题，而是看看这里的饮食和活动对她的健身活动如何有益。

因为她是跳舞的，她认为通过参加这里的活动会给自己的工作带来益处。

选项F的意思是“她为什么来参加试验?”正好概括了这段的主旨大意，所以选F。

25．Paragraph 3______
正确答案：B
解析：第三段的第一句就指出了尼古拉所面对的试验的要点，整段主要介绍了针对她安排的实验的详细情况，这与选项B的意思相符，故选B。

26．Paragraph 4______
正确答案：E
解析：第四段主要介绍志愿者接受试验时如何打发自己的时间，主要是看看电视或看书。

选项E中的kill the time就是打发时间的意思，与第四段相符，故选E。

A the volunteers do
B because she does not have a weight problem
C because the life there can be very boring
D make people overeat
E because she was her own boss
F after passing a high-protein test
27．The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything______.
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。

此句的意思是实验室外面的机器都记录了什么，根据第一段的介绍，显然是志愿者所作的各种活动的情况等，故选A。

28．Nicola Walters had time for the experiments______.
正确答案：E
解析：本题考查的是对文章细节的了解。

此句问为什么尼古拉有时间来参加试验，文章提到她是自由职业者，可以自由支配和安排她的时间，故选E。

29．V olunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter______.
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解，以及对上下文之间的意义关系的理解。

此句问的是为什么接受试验者要对在实验室里待上一段时间做好准备，文章也提到了做试验时是很枯燥的，如果接受试验，就要做好如何打发时间的心理准备，选项C补充到原句中意思合适，故选C。

30．The experiments show that high-fat diets______.
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。

此句问的是“试验表明，高脂肪的饮食会导致什么?”文章最后一段说，志愿者表示高脂肪的食谱让人感觉吃不饱，所以导致人们饮食过量。

因此选D。

阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题选1个最佳选项。

Losing Weight Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes a-bout weight, body image and food, a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday. Their study of 2, 279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender age of 10, nearly 32 percent of girls felt”too fat”and 31 percent said they were trying to diet. McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal. Nearly 80 percent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7. 2 percent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure. Nearly 30 percent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting. Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10. 5 percent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating
disorder. “We’re not talking about kids who’ve been prescribed a diet because they’re above average weight or overweight. We’re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight, “ McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.
31．The study showed that most of the girls______.
A．were overweight
B．were on a diet
C．had unhealthy attitudes about weight
D．had a healthy body weight
正确答案：D
解析：文章第二段中的第一句和第四段中的第一句先后提到，接受调查的女孩中的绝大多数体重都在健康范围内。

32．What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?
A．Nearly 80 percent.
B．7.2 percent.
C．Nearly 30 percent.
D．10.5 percent.
正确答案：C
解析：文章的第二段提到，有将近1／3的女孩认为自己超重。

33．The survey participants were girls______.
A．who were 10
B．who were 14
C．who were 10 to 44
D．who were 10 to 18
正确答案：C
解析：文章的第二段提到，接受调查的是年龄为lO岁至14岁的女孩。

34．What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with?
A．A school.
B．A hospital.
C．An association.
D．A charity.
正确答案：B
解析：文章的第三段提到，主要研究人员McVey女士在一家医院工作。

35．Unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food may______.
A．lead to an eating disorder
B．result from self-induced vomiting
C．make it easier to gain weight
D．bring about greater competition
正确答案：A
解析：文章的第六段提到，有关体重、体形和饮食等的不健康态度使得一些女孩子面临饮食失调的危险。

About eight million school-age children are home alone after school. These are the hours when the number of violent crimes peaks and when youths are most likely to experiment with alcohol, tobacco, and drugs. Many older children take care of themselves after school for an hour or two until a parent comes home, and research suggests that some of these children are more at risk of poor grades and risky behaviors. Studies have been done to find out what helps to reduce these kinds of risky behaviors among youths. One study of Chicago neighborhoods showed that after-school programs resulted in less violence even in poor neighborhoods. After-school programs can help to reduce crime and violence because they offer activities to children and youths during their out-of-school time. In addition to helping youths make use of after-school hours, after-school programs provide teens with opportunities to develop caring relationships with adults. Studies have found that high-quality relationships with parents and other adults, as well as good use of time, are very important for healthy development in youth. After-school programs can also be used for teens who hang out at friends’houses and play basketball when a parent or other responsible adult is at home. The programs can also be helpful for formal after-school activities, including”drop-in “programs that are provided by organizations. Despite the benefits of after-school programs, there are many reasons why some parents do not use them. Programs may be too expensive, of poor quality, or hard to join. Some older children and young teens may refuse to attend programs that seem like they are just child care. Parents may feel uncertain about how much freedom is proper for children and youths who are beyond the traditional child care years. However, research supports the effectiveness of these programs in protecting middle school and high school youths from risk and harm.
36．Which of the following is a benefit of after-school programs?
A．They help to avoid crime and violence during that time.
B．They help youths do things on their own during after-school hours.
C．They help teens develop caring relationships with classmates.
D．They help to reduce risky behaviors among youths.
正确答案：D
解析：依据是第二段“Studies have been done to find out…resulted in less violence even inpoor neighborhoods”。

A选项中的“avoid(避免)”用在这里不准确，根据第二段内容课后活动只能减少并没有说彻底避免危险行为及暴力行为的产生，因此不选A。

根据第三段第一句话“很多活动会安排给学生们在课后参加”，所以他们并不是on their own(独自一人的)，因此不选B。

根据第三段第二句“…develop caring relationships with a—dults．”可知，并不是和同学之间，而是和成年人之间形成良好关系，因此不选C。

37．Why do many parents refuse to use after-school programs?
A．The programs are just like child care programs.
B．The programs offer no freedom to their children.
C．The programs bring little benefit to parents and children.
D．The programs can be expensive or poor in quality.
正确答案：D
解析：依据是最后一段的前两句话“…there are many reasons why some parents…or hardto join”，根据最后一段第三句“Some older children and young teens may refuse to attendprograms that seem like they are just child care．”可以判断出，只是某些学生认为这样的活动类似于child care programs因此不喜欢，但并不是家长们拒绝课后活动项目的原因。

因此不选A。

根据最后一段第四句话可知，这些活动并不是不给孩子们任何自由，故不选B项。

C选项和前面第二段所讲的“after-school programs resulted in less violenceeven in poor neighborhoods”矛盾，本身就不正确，更不是家长们拒绝课后活动的原因。

38．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Teenagers tend to stay at their friends’ houses for a long time.
B．Relationships with adults may cause unhealthy development in youths.
C．The after-school programs can be used for many different kids.
D．Teenagers do not like the after-school programs.
正确答案：C
解析：根据第四段的第一句话可以得知，除了适合那种放学之后父母都不在家的孩子外，课后活动项目也同样适用于课后在朋友家打篮球，而家里会有一位父母或是其他成年人在场的情况，因此可以推断C是正确选项。

文章中只说了学生会在朋友家“hangout”，并没有说“stay for a long time”，因此不选A。

根据笫三段最后一句话“…high—quality relationships with parents and other adults…are very important for healthy develop—ment in youth．”可以推断和父母亲以及成年人之间的高质量的关系对于年轻人的健康发展很重要，如果这种关系质量不高，那么可能会造成年轻人的不健康发展，因此不选B。

根据最后一段的第三句话可以得知，只是某些学生不喜欢这样的课后活动，并非D选项中所说的那么绝对，因此不选D。

39．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The grades of those children who are home alone after school are more likely
to suffer.
B．Parents want to give their children as much as possible freedom.
C．The after-school programs help the students to make use of the time after school.
D．The after-school programs are effective in protecting middle school and high school youths from risk and harm.
正确答案：B
解析：根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，父母亲不确定到底可以给年龄较长已经过了托管年龄的孩子多大自由，可以判断父母亲并没打算让孩子们随心所欲，给他们彻底的自由，因此B选项的内容是不正确的。

A选项的依据是第一段最后一句“…research suggests that some of these children are more at risk of poor grades and risky behaviors”，C选项的依据是第三段第二句“In addition to helping youths make use of after-school hours…”，D选项的依据是第三段第一句“After-school programs can help to reduce crime and violence…”。

40．Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A．Youth Crimes
B．After-school Programs
C．Problem Children
D．Extracurricular Activities
正确答案：B
解析：全文都在讲述after-school programs出现的必要性、作用、适合群体以及来自家长和学生的反应，因此最佳标题应该是After—school Programs。

Late-Night Drinking Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick” pick-me-up”cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again. “It’s the neurohormone that controls our sleep tells our body when to sleep and when to wake, “says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caf-feinated coffee halves the body’s levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off—twice as long as usual—and jigged around in bed twice as much. In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication
in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production. Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.
41．The author mentions” pick-me-up” to indicate that______.
A．melatonin levels need to be raised
B．neurohormone can wake us up
C．coffee is a stimulant
D．decaf is a caffeinated coffee
正确答案：C
解析：pick-me—up指提神饮料，也就是一种刺激物，在这篇文章里具体指咖啡。

所以，答案选C。

42．Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?
A．Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.
B．Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.
C．Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.
D．Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.
正确答案：C
解析：第二段第三个句子谈到，“控制我们睡眠的是神经激素”，而这一段的最后一个句子告诉我们“含咖啡因咖啡能使这种激素减半”。

这正是咖啡因影响睡眠的原因。

43．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.
B．Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.
C．The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf.
D．The proof that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.
正确答案：A
解析：第三段涉及的是一个实验，这个实验的目的是测试含咖啡因咖啡和脱咖啡因咖啡对睡眠的影响，该段主要谈论的是这个实验的结果。

44．What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove?
A．There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers’ urine sample.
B．There are more melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers’ urine sample.
C．Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin.
D．Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone that decaf drinkers.
正确答案：D
解析：第四段是第三段实验的继续，是该实验的第二阶段。

研究人员通过对志愿者尿样进行化验发现，咖啡因摄入者体内的褪黑激素仅为非咖啡因摄入者的一半。

褪黑激素就是睡眠激素，所以答案应该选D。

45．The author of this passage probably agrees that______.
A．coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee
B．we should not drink coffee after supper
C．people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a. m.
D．if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately
正确答案：B
解析：文章结尾谈到，“Ohayon建议爱喝咖啡的人午饭后应该换喝脱咖啡因咖啡”。

另外，整篇文章都在探讨咖啡因影响睡眠的机理，所以，作者大概会同意“晚饭后不应该喝咖啡”的说法。

选项A是一个全称判断，这等于说“所有喜欢喝咖啡的人都比不喝咖啡的人睡觉少”。

这不一定，因为如果咖啡适量，喝咖啡的时间适当，咖啡不会影响睡眠。

所以，作者可能不会同意这种说法。

根据文章第二段第二句，选项C是错的。

根据文章第二段第一个句子，我们体内的褪黑激素(睡眠激素)的浓度在我们上床时间前两小时开始上升，而这个时候我们会开始有困意。

反过来说就是，人们并非一有困意就睡觉。

所以，选项D不是答案。

补全短文(第46-50，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

New Changes in American Life Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. 【B1】______But by the middle of this century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed. In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. 【B2】______The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. 【B3】______Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam. In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people.【B4】______ Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods. In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s
liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers.【B5】______But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion. Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.A In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier.B Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work.C These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles.D But its influence spread to many parts of American society.E The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals.F A great many jobs that used to belong to men are now taken by women.
46．【B1】
正确答案：C
解析：空格46后面的句子中出现了一个比较级“less firmly”，这说明空格中也应有这样一个副词。

从句意上看，空格后面的句子以转折词but引导，说明该句与空格中的句子成转折关系。

综合考虑，本题选C。

47．【B2】
正确答案：E
解析：空格47所在段落主要是在谈论20世纪50年代的“反文化”运动给传统意义下的美国男女作用对比带来的影响。

选项中只有E项出现了“the movement”这个词组，所以大致圈定选项E。

从上下文来看，选项E实际上是该段中所谈到的变化的总括，故选E。

48．【B3】
正确答案：A
解析：空格48后面的句子是在讲许多年轻人不愿服兵役参加越战，该句与段落中其他句子没有直接联系，这说明空格中的句子应该是承上启下的连接句。

选项A中出现inaddition连接上文，male role of soldier照应下文，这表明A项是合适的选项。

49．【B4】
正确答案：D
解析：空格所在的段落继续谈论“反文化”运动对美国社会的影响，但从上下文来看，该段已不仅仅在说对男女角色关系的影响，所以与上段之间缺少一个连接句来照应。

选项D的意思是“它影响到美国社会的很多方面”，符合题意，。