2018-2019学年新导学高中英语(外研版)必修三讲义：Module 3 Period OneWord版含答案

Anearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters(灾难)．Soitisnecessarytolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.
Somethingslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybrokenandshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface，nearthegroundinsteadofplacingtheminthecupboardshigherup.Neverplacethemnearyourbed，sofasandotherfurniturewhereyouwouldbesittingorlyingdown.Whenthereisastrongmovement，thesepieceswillfallonthefloordirectlyandnotonyou.
Thereisastrongchanceofshortcircuits(短路) andfireduringanearthquake.Makesureyouturnoffelectrical(电的) connectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.
Duringanearthquake，liebeneath(在……下面) anobjectthatisnoteasilybroken.Donotgonearobjectsthatcoulddirectlyfallonyou.Neverusetheelevator togodown.Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Researchhasshownthatmostinjurie ethestaircasesatalltimes.
Ifyouareoutdoors，donottakeshelterunderatree，streetlights，ortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving，stopyourcarandstayinasafeplace.Donotparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.
根据短文判断正(T)误(F)
1．Duringanearthquake，youcanlieanywhereintheroom.(F) 2．Whentheearthquakehappens，youmustn’tstandunderatree.(T)
PeriodOne Introduction&ReadingandV ocabulary
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．disaster n．灾难
2．lightning n．闪电
light n．光
3．experience v t.经历
experienced adj.有经验的
4．cause v t.引起；导致
5．furniture n．家具
6．bury v t.埋葬
7．occur v i.发生
8．tropical adj.热带的
9．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的
violence n．暴力
10．strike v t.&n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．pickup卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起；接收；无意中学会
2．takeoff去掉；脱下；起飞；取下
3．onaverage平均起来
4．ofalltime有史以来
5．endup结果为……，以……结束
Ⅲ.重点句式
1．leave＋宾语＋宾补
Theycandestroyhouses，butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.
它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。

2．现在分词(短语)作结果状语
Onaverage，thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear，causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries. 平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1500人受伤。

3．bythetime引导时间状语从句
Bythetimeitended，morethan700peoplehad been killed(kill) and2,700hadbeeninjured(injure)．等到风停时，已有700人死亡，2700人受伤。

Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F)
1．Alltornadoeshavewindsofmorethan400kilometersperhour.(F) 2．TherearemoretornadoesoccurringintheUSthaninotherpartsoftheworld.(T) 3．Tornadoescan’tdestroyfurniturebecausetheyarenotviolentenough.(F)
4．IntheUS，thereareusuallyabout80peoplekilledintornadoeseveryyear.(F) 5．EveryyeartherearesixAtlantichurricanes.(F)
6．BoththeworsttornadoandtheworsthurricaneoccurredintheUS.(T) 7．CharlesCoghlandidn’tbecomefamousuntilhemovedtoNewYork.(T) 8．Coghlan’scoffinwasdestroyedbythe1990Galvestonhurricane.(F)
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．HowmuchdamagedidtheworsttornadocausetotheUS? A．Thetornadohadwindsofmorethan400kilometresperhour. B．Thefurofthebackofmanycatsandthefeathersofmanychickenshadbeentakenoff. C．Itcausedabout80deathsand1,500injuries.
D．Morethan700peoplelosttheirlivesand2,700hadbeeninjured.
答案 D 2．Whatarethesimilaritiesbetweenthetornadoandthehurricane? A．Theybothoccurtogetherwithstrongwinds. B．Americaisthecountryoftenaffectedbybothofthem. C．Theybothcancausealotofdamagetopeopleandthebuildings. D．Alloftheabove.
答案 D
3．WherewasCharlesCoghlanbornindeed?
A．InIreland.
B．InCanada.
C．InNewYork.
D．InGalveston.
答案 A
4．Whatarethecausesofthesenaturalviolence? A．Thedifferentatmosphericpressurebetweentwoareas. B．Thechangeableweatherintheseareas. C．Thedestructionofthenaturebyhumanbeings. D．Notmentionedinthepassage.
答案 D
Ⅲ.课文阅读填空
Ⅳ.课文难句分析
1．Theworsttornadoofalltimeoccurredin1925，affectingthreeUSstates：Missouri，IllinoisandIndiana. [句式分析]
[自主翻译]有史以来最恶劣的一次龙卷风发生在1925年，波及了美国的三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺伊州和印第安纳州。

2．ThecemeterywhereCoghlanwasburiedwasdestroyedbythehurricaneandCoghlan’scoffinended upinthesea.
[句式分析]本句的主干是ThecemeterywasdestroyedandCoghlan’scoffinendedupinthesea，是由and连接的两个并列句。

从句whereCoghlanwasburied是定语从句，修饰thecemetery，其中where在从句中作状语，表地点。

[自主翻译]埋葬科格伦的公墓被飓风摧毁，他的灵柩最终也被卷到了大海里。

小组讨论
1．Canhumanbeingsconquernaturaldisasters?
2．Tocopewithnaturaldisasters，whatshouldwedo?
e．g.
•Raisetheawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment，whichcanhelpreducetheoccurrenceofsomenaturaldisasters，suchassandstormsandglobalwarming. •Offerhelptothevictimsofdisasterareas.Donatelivingsuppliestothem，
raisemoneyforthemorbeavolunteer.
重点词汇
1．Haveyoueverexperiencedathunderstorm? 你经历过雷暴天气吗？
(1)Everyone experiences theseproblemsatsometimeintheirlives. 每个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题。

(2)Thebestwaytolearnistolearnby/fromexperience. 学习的最好方法就是从经验中学习。

(3)Sheisexperiencedinteaching.她在教学方面有经验。

[单句改错]
(4)Jumpingoutofanairplaneattenthousandfeetisquite ∧
an excitingexperience. 2．Doyouknowanythingabouttheevents ？Forexample ，whatcausesthem ？ 你知道关于这些灾难的一些事情吗？例如，是什么引起它们的？
(1)Theprojectisstill causinghimalotofproblems . 这项工程现在仍然给他带来很多问题。

(2)Theyarefightingforthe cause ofpeace.他们在为和平事业而奋斗。

(3)Thepoorharvestcausedpricestorise(rise) sharply.
收成不好导致物价急剧上涨。

[易混辨析]cause，reason，excuse
※cause原因，起因。

表示造成某种事实或现象的起因，后接of短语或不定式。

※reason理由，原因。

指一种行为或看法的理由，后接for。

※excuse辩解，借口。

指为某一行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。

[选词填空]cause，reason，excuse
(4)Thecauseoftheaccidentwasthathedrovetoofast.
(5)Ihavenoparticularreasonfordoubtinghim.
(6)Don’tmakea(n) excuseforit.
[单句改错]
(7)Carelessnessisoneofthe cause
causes ofhisfailure.
(8)Tellmethereason of
for yourbeinglatetoschool.
3．AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS，intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国，从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。

(1)Manymistakes occurred inyourcomposition.
你的作文中出现了很多错误。

(2)Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldpersuadehimintochanginghismind.
我从没想到你能说服他改变主意。

[易混辨析]occur，happen，takeplace
※occur无被动用法，指发生、想起，有计划无计划均可。

脑海中出现某种想法sth.occurs/occurredtosb.。

※happen无被动用法，指事先无计划，偶然地发生。

碰巧做某事happentodosth.。

※takeplace无被动用法，指事先安排、计划的事情。

[选词填空]occur，happen，takeplace。