内分泌胰腺(英文)

胰高血糖素
somatostatin /,səʊmətəʊ'stætɪn/ 生长激素抑制素
polypeptide /,pɒlɪ'peptaɪd/
多肽
ghrelin/'ɡrelɪn/
胃饥饿素
enzyme /ˈenzaɪm/
酶
Vocabulary
chromosome /ˈkrəʊməsəʊm/ 染色体
transcription /trænˈskrɪpʃn/
Action of somatostatin
Pancreatic Polypeptide
PP ← PP cells located chiefly in islets in the posterior portion of the head of the pancreas.
Although it has been implicated in the regulation of exocrine pancreatic secretion and gall bladder contraction, the physiological actions of PP remain uncertain.
Action of Glucagon
Somatostatin
✓ Pancreatic δ cells → a 14 amino acid cyclic polypeptide, somatostatin-14.
✓ First identified in the hypothalamus, somatostatin has been found in a number of tissues, including many areas of the brain and peripheral nervous system, the endocrine D cells in the epithelial lining of the stomach and intestine, and the cells in the pancreatic islets.
Meglitinide
格列奈类药物
ribosomal /,raɪbə'səʊməl/
核糖体的
ketogenesis /ˌkiːtoʊˈdʒenəsɪs/ 生酮作用
ketoacidosis /,kɪ'təʊæsɪ'dəʊsɪs/ 酮症酸中毒
coma /ˈkəʊmə/
昏迷
Anatomy and Histology
Ghrelin
Ghrelin and leptin
Clinical Disorders
Clinical disorders
Glucagon Hyposecretion
Insulin Deficiency
Diabetes Mellitus
A
Gestational Diabetes
B
C
Insulin Excess
D
E
Acute lications of Diabetic Therapy
1 hypoglycaemia
2 ketoacidosis and diabetic coma
Major complications of Diabetes
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The Endocrine Pancreas
CONTENTS
Anatomy and Histology
Hormones of the Endocrine Pancreas
Clinical Disorders
Vocabulary
digestive /ˌdaɪˈdʒestɪv/
消化的
glucagon /'ɡluːkəɡən; -ɡɒn/
转录
proinsulin /,prəu'insjulin/
胰岛素原
cleavage /ˈkliːvɪdʒ/
分裂；卵裂
reversible /rɪˈvɜːsəbl/
可逆的
cytoplasmic /ˌsaɪtəʊˈplæzmɪk/ 细胞质的
Vocabulary
sulfonylurea /,sʌlfənɪl'jʊərɪə/ 磺脲类药物
The endocrine pancreas
Anatomy of pancreas
Histology of the pancreatic islets
Hormones of the Endocrine Pancreas
Hormones of the endocrine pancreas
01 insulin
Pancreatic α cells generates → the glucagon peptide from the large proglucagon peptide encoded by the preproglucagon gene located on human chromosome 2.
02 glucagon
03 Somatostatin
04
Pancreatic Polypeptide
05 Ghrelin
Biosynthesis of Insulin
Mechanism of action of insulin
Metabolism effects of insulin
Biochemistry of Glucagon
The pancreas comprises two functionally distinct organs
the exocrine pancreas
the major digestive gland of the body
the endocrine pancreas
the source of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and ghrelin