高考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(人生百味)(及答案)含解析

高考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(人生百味)(及答案)含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1．阅读理解
When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life. I was a total outsider, bullied (欺凌) at school. I felt completely alone in my small town.
But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive energy I shared, the more kindness and appreciation I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, specifically teenagers, and help them feel less alone.
Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.
After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved, is what I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day.
Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small acts of kindness can change someone's life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change.
（1）What was the author's life like when he was 12?
A.Boring.
B.Peaceful.
C.Unhappy.
D.Meaningful.
（2）How did the volunteer work benefit the author?
A.It made him popular in his town.
B.It helped him find the meaning of life.
C.It helped him understand others' lives better.
D.It helped to shape his dream career.
（3）Why did the author choose writing as his job?
A.He was inspired by his teacher.
B.He could pass positive energy to readers.
C.He wanted to share his school experiences.
D.He found he had a talent for writing.
（4）What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph?
A.Say 'no' to bullies bravely.
B.Make positive changes in their lives.
C.Treat others with kindness in daily life.
D.Learn to care more about others' feelings.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己参加志愿活动的经历，告诉人们：一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life.”可知，十二岁时，“我”就意识到青少年时期是“我”一生中最糟糕的阶段；以及“I was a total outsider, bullied at school”，“我”觉得自己是局外人，说明此时的生活是不如意的。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness in the face of so much anger made me feel like my life had a greater purpose.”可知，但是在我14岁的时候开始做志愿者工作，我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。

面对如此多的愤怒，我有机会实践仁慈，这让我觉得我的生活有一个更大的目标。

因此推断参加志愿活动给“我”提供了表达善意的机会，让“我”感觉到生活有更大的意义。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The kindness they offered me with thei r books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.”可知，书中作者的善意拯救了“我”的生活，“我”最大的梦想就是成为一名作家，可以写书去帮助其他的青少年，把善意传递给他们。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Even small ac ts of kindness can change someone's life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change.”可知，作者在提醒我们注意善意的力量，一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生，平时以善意待人，会让人们成为积极改变的缔造者。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
A few hours after my first mission, returning to Earth on the space shuttle Endeavour, I completed all of my medical tests after flight, met with NASA officials, and reunited with my family. Finally, I was alone in my office room in astronaut crew quarters at the Kennedy Space Center, exhausted and ready for bed. And I did what anyone does when they return to their hotel room on a business trip: I turned on the TV. The television news started up: Such and such had happened, people were shocked, blah blah blah. Sports scores. Silly commercials.
It didn't take more than a minute before I had to turn it off. It felt like my body was rejecting all this input, just as it would reject an organ donation that had the wrong blood type. All of this noise was just completely foreign to who I was—or, more appropriately, who I had become. A few hours before, I had been orbiting Earth, seeing our planet from space, flying the most amazing
machine ever built by human hands, working with a team that was the absolute success of human. And now here in my room watching what was being sold as news, and with my newfound perspective, I just could not stomach it. My worldview was changed forever in a profound (深刻的) way.
The biggest change by far and the one for which I will always be most grateful is this big-picture perspective. That will stick with me for the rest of my life.
Whenever I feel the pressure of modern life, the stress about work, or worry about the future, I remember my time in the space station. Back to seeing the sun set Or watching our galaxy rise on the horizon. Or seeing a sea of lightning flash a hundred times a second. Or simply back to floating weightlessly.
When I'm there in my mind and realize how many billions of these beautiful sunsets there have been and will be in the future, the cares of the world just don't seem that pressing. It goes that, "Do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself." Living daily life down here on the planet is so much better with this attitude!
（1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word stomach in paragraph 2?
A. Access.
B. Attend.
C. Accept.
D. Afford.
（2）What is the most important change to the writer?
A. He has a broader view of the world.
B. He doesn't like watching TV any more.
C. He will always be most grateful for everything.
D. He can fly the most amazing machine by hands.
（3）What attitude to life does the writer tend to have?
A. caged bird longs for clouds.
B. Live in the present moment.
C. Let bygones be bygones.
D. Time works great changes.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了在一次太空之旅后作者对待生活的态度的变化。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“It didn't take more than a minute before I had to turn it off.”以及画线词后的“My worldview was changed forever in a profound (深刻的) way.”可知，我的世界观以一种深刻的方式永远改变了，因此此处是说以我现在的视角，看这种新闻是我无法忍受的，所以不到一分钟我就关掉了电视，由此可知画线词词义为“接受、忍受”，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The biggest change by far and the one for which I will always be most grateful is this big-picture perspective.”可知，作者最重要的改变是他对世界有更广阔的看法，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“It goes that, ‘Do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself.’ Living daily life down here on the planet is so much better with
this attitude!”可知，它说，“不要为将来担心，生活在这个星球上的日常生活是如此的好，这句话表明了作者对待生活的态度是不要担心将来，活在当下，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. We are used to passive learning, and it's not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor.
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn't show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.
That's what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen to improve on it, stamping(打上标记) it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
（1）According to the passage, what situation may passive learning occur in?
A. Doing a medical experiment
B. Solving a math problem
C. Visiting an exhibition
D. Doing scientific reasoning
（2）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to?
A. Active learning
B. Knowledge
C. Communication
D. Passive learning
（3）Why does the author mentions the game Rumor?
A. To show that a message may be changed when being passed on.
B. To show that a message should be delivered in different ways.
C. To show that people may have problems with their sense of hearing.
D. To show that people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor.
（4）What can we infer from the passage?
A. Active learning is less important.
B. Passive learning may not be reliable.
C. Active learning occurs more frequently.
D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要主要介绍了被动获得知识所存在的一个严重的问题——被告知的可能是谣言。

并用现实生活中简单的事说明。

（1）推理判断题。

由文章第二段we achieve knowledge passively by being told by some else.Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV of read newspaper or magazines is passive可知被动学习是通过别人告诉获取知识，而A做实验；B解决数学问题；D做科学推理都是主动学习，故选C。

（2）推理判断题。

根据it 所在句We are used to passive learning, and it's not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers可知这我们依赖的是前句所提的被动学习，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。

通过第三段最后一句Typically, the original message has changed.可知人们传递信息到最后时，信息原始的意思已经改变了。

和第二段最后一句话 It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor.它让我们更倾向于接受我们被告知的事物，有时候甚至是传闻或者谣言。

可知文章想要告诉我们信息在传递的过程中发生了变化。

故选A。

（4）推理判断题。

A、C两个选项说的是主动学习，文中没有提到，D选项说被动学习在学者中不会出现，这和最后一段第一句 This process is also found among scholars and authors 不符合，而根据第二段和第三段可知人们传递信息到最后时，信息的原始意思已经改变了，故得出被动学习不可靠，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及推理判断题，需要联系上下文，推断出所需要的信息，也可以利用排除法，根据文章内容，排除错误选项。

4．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. That's when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks. Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device. She had never driver the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. "I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train," she told the BBC.
Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely's story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it's not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.
The problem with his argument in the book is that it's not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left
the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn't say.
It's a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable, Perhaps, but maybe it's also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors.
The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.
If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just a. s long.
（1）What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident?
A. She was not familiar with the road.
B. It was dark and raining heavily then.
C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.
D. Her GPS device didn't tell her about the crossing.
（2）The phrase "near miss" (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by ________.
A. close hit
B. heavy loss
C. narrow escape
D. big mistake
（3）Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?
A. Modern technology is what we can't live without.
B. Digtal technology often falls short of our expectation.
C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.
D. GPS error is not the only cause for Ceely's accident.
（4）In the writer's opinion, Stevenson's argument is ________.
A. one-sided
B. reasonable
C. puzzling
D. well-based
（5）What is the real concern of the writer of this article?
A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.
B. The human unawareness of technical problems.
C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.
D. The relationship between humans and technology.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了一起交通事故，司机没有看到火车
路口导致了一起事故，司机却将责任归咎到自己的导航仪没有路口提示上。

引发作者对于人与科技的关系上的深思。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"Ceely's near miss made the news because she blamed it on he GPS(导航仪)." 可知Ceely认为事故发生的原因是GPS没有指出那个路口。

故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段可知Ceely的车被卡在铁路上并且被火车撞飞了，而她自己则死里逃生，文章用"near miss"来形容这个事故，由此可推断narrow escape 最符合文意，即Ceely很惊险地逃生了，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job." 可知Stevenson认为是科技设备应该被指责，即它们不能满足人们的需要，故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的 "The problem with his argument in the book is that it's not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes." 可知作者认为Stevenson只关注到了片面的，故选A。

（5）考查主旨大意。

根据倒数第二段中的"The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex." 可知作者在讨论完Ceely这起事故后，在最后两段将讨论延伸到了人与科技的关系上，因此作者实际关心的内容是人与科技的关系，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
I am a taxi driver. One Monday morning, I had stopped at New York Hospital when I found a well-dressed man coming over. He was waving to me. I waited until he jumped into the taxi. "La Guardia Airport, please," he said.
As always, I wondered about my passenger. "What do you do?" "I am working at the hospital." For some unknown reason, I decided to ask for his help.
"Could I ask a favor of you?" He didn't answer. "I have a son, 16. He's doing well in school. He wants a job this summer. Is there any possibility that you might get him a summer job?" After a minute, he said, "The medical students have a research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school records." He searched his pocket and handed me a card.
That evening, I pulled the card from my pocket. "Robbie," I said proudly, "This could be a summer job for you. Send him your school records." He read it out loud, "Fred Plum, New York Hospital." "Is this a joke?" he said in doubt. After I shouted and threatened (恐吓) to cut off his pocket-money, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning.
Two weeks later, when I arrived home, my son handed me a letter from Plum. He was to phone Plum's secretary for an interview.
Robbie got the job. The white coat he wore made him feel more important than he really was. As high school graduation neared, Plum was kind enough to write letters of recommendation (推荐) for universities. At last, Robbie was admitted to New York Medical College.
It never happened to me that a stranger should change my son's future.
（1）The author threatened to cut off Robbie's pocket-money probably because _________.
A.he was tired after a day's work.
B.he didn't earn enough money.
C.Robbie was unwilling to work.
D.Robbie didn't believe what he said.
（2）It can be inferred from the passage that Plum is _________.
A.patient and selfless.
B.generous and careful.
C.kind and helpful.
D.wealthy and handsome.
（3）What message does the passage want to tell us?
A.A stranger may change your life.
B.One must be friendly to strangers.
C.A father should be responsible for his son.
D.Doctors may have a great effect on people.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述一名作为出租车司机的父亲求助他的医生乘客为他的儿子求得一份暑期工作，最终他的儿子被纽约医学院录取了，陌生人也可能改变你的生活。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第四段中“Is this a joke?” he said in doubt. After I shouted and threatened (恐吓) to cut off his pocket-money, Robbie promised to send off his grades the next morning. “这是个玩笑吗?”他怀疑地说。

在我大喊大叫并威胁要切断他的零用钱后，Robbie 答应第二天早上把他的成绩寄出去。

可知，作者威胁切断了他的零用钱，是因为作者不相信罗比所说的。

故选D。

（2）推理判断题。

根据第三段中“The medical students have a research project. Maybe he could fit in. Have him send me his school records.”“ 医学院的学生有一个研究项目。

也许他能适应。

让他把他的成绩单寄给我。

”和倒数第二段中As high school graduation neared, Plum was kind enough to write letters of recommendation (推荐) for universities.“随着高中毕业的临近，Plum好心地为大学写了推荐信。

”可知Plum是一个亲切好心、乐于助人的人。

故选C。

（3）推理判断题。

根据最后一段It never happened to me that a stranger should change my son's future.“我从未想过一个陌生人会改变我儿子的未来。

”可知，文章想告诉我们陌生人可能改变你的生活。

故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

推理判断题是常考的题型，在阅读时，抓住文章主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在的联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。

6．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

We were silently waiting on the platform in the late afternoon. There he was, my 80-year-old grandfather with his silvery hair. And there I was, a teenage girl in my jeans and T-shirt. His aged but still clear blue eyes were taking in the scene as I wondered how I was going to get through
the next two days. Why did I ever agree to accompany my cranky grandpa on a train ride from New York to Georgia?
No one else wanted to be the fellow traveler since my grandfather refused to fly. In contrast, I loved to fly since I wanted to get to the destination as quickly as possible. No matter what anyone told my grandfather about the comfort and safety of flying, he refused to book a flight, saying, "It's not just the trip; it's the adventure of getting there."
With my first step onto the train, the journey was already different from what I expected. The train was modem and filled with friendly travelers. We settled into the club car, where we could enjoy food and drinks while watching the scenery pass. Instead of listening to my music, I became a willing audience and learned family history that I had never had the time or patience to learn. With teary eyes, he told me that going to family events was hard for him since my grandmother died. It always made him think about those who were no longer with us. For the first time I felt I understood him. I gained a new appreciation for our time together.
In this fast-paced world, we often miss important moments. There is great significance in listening to elders who offer a piece of their history and experience. I may be more open to opportunities to stay with my grandpa. Life isn't just about the destination; it's about the journey.（1）What does the underlined word "cranky" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Health.
B. Strange.
C. Selfless.
D. Outgoing.
（2）What did the author think of the journey at first?
A. It would be boring.
B. She would learn something during it.
C. It would be a chance to know about her grandpa.
D. She would enjoy the beautiful scene during it.
（3）What made the author change her attitude towards staying with her grandpa?
A. Her grandpa's appreciation of her.
B. Her grandpa's missing her relatives.
C. The sad stories of her grandmother.
D. The new understanding of her grandpa.
（4）What can we learn from the text?
A. Listening to elders will help us learn a lot.
B. Caring for elders needs a lot of creativity.
C. There always is beautiful scenery along the journey.
D. Travelling by train is more comfortable than by plane.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过讲述自己和爷爷坐火车的经历，说明了聆听长者讲述他们的历史和经历，意义重大。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的“No one else wanted to be the fellow traveler since my grandfather refused to fly.”自从我祖父拒绝坐飞机后，没有人愿意和我们一起旅行。

由此可知，Why did I ever agree to accompany my cranky grandpa on a train ride from New York to Georgia?的意思是我为什么要答应陪我那奇怪的爷爷从纽约坐火车去乔治亚州呢？"cranky"
的意思是奇怪的，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“His aged but still clear blue eyes were taking in the scene as I wondered how I was going to get through the next two days.”他那双苍老但依然清澈的蓝眼睛看着眼前的情景，我不知道接下来的两天该怎么过。

由此推断出，起初，作者认为这次旅行非常无聊，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

答案第三段中的“For the first time I felt I understood him. I gained a new appreciation for our time together.”我第一次觉得我理解了他。

我对我们在一起的时间有了新的认识。

由此可知，她对她爷爷的新认识让作者改变了她和爷爷在一起的态度，故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“There is great significance in listening to elders who offer a piece of their history and experience.”聆听长者讲述他们的历史和经历，意义重大。

可知，聆听长辈的话会帮助我们学到很多东西，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
WISH YOU WERE MORE CREATIVE?
I want to ask you a favor. I have a pair of pants. Tell me: How many different ways can I put a pair of pants to use? Now imagine you're an architect. Same question. Now imagine you're Bill Gates. A scuba diver. A medieval knight. You still have the pants. What alternative uses come to mind?
What you just practiced--the conscious act of "wearing" another self-is an exercise that, according to psychiatrist SriniPillay, MD, is essential to being creative.
One great irony (讽刺) about our collective addiction to creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we're "creative" or we aren't, without much of a middle ground. "I'm just not a creative person!" a discouraged student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, making a comment "I'm very right-brained."
Dr.Pillay, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent years overturning these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to "believe in yourself." In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.
He points to a study showing the impact of stereotype on one's behavior. The authors, psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into two
groups, instructing one group to think of themselves as "eccentric poets" and the other to imagine they were "rigid librarians". The researchers then presented them all with ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. The former group came up with the widest range of ideas, whereas the latter had the fewest.
These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a "product of context and perspective". Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person.
Dr. Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the brave, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of "wearing" another self. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought. Most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of "unfocus." This doesn't make us lazy; it makes us human.
Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive. You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about.
（1）What's the function of the questions in paragraph 1?
A. To lead in the topic.
B. To make a comparison.
C. To state an opinion.
D. To ask a favor.
（2）The study led by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar proves
A. creativity is an individual characteristic
B. librarians are more creative than poets
C. ordinary objects can improve creativity
D. your creativity is determined by yourself
（3）According to Dr. Pillay, Halloweenism works because .
A. it is an act of unconscious focus
B. certain brain areas begin to act together
C. people are in a state of laziness
D. all actors employ this technique
（4）If you want to be more creative, you are supposed to .
A. focus on a specific task
B. believe in your own talent
C. pretend to be someone else
D. turn to be right-brained
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如何让自己更有创造力，给读者展示了一种心理学理念--心理角色扮演：遇见更有创造力的自己。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段可知作者问读者一条裤子可以有多少种不同的用法?并让读者假设自己是一名建筑师，比尔盖茨，带水肺的潜水员，一个中世纪的骑士等等思考同样的问题；再根据第二段”What you just practiced--the conscious act of "wearing" another self--is an exercise that…is essential to being creative.“可知作者接着说刚才你所练习的--有意识地"穿戴"另一个自我的行为--是一种对保持创造力至关重要的练习。

这说明作者在第一段问这
些问题就是为了引出下文中的"创造力"话题，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第六段”These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a‘product of context and perspective’. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person.“可知Denis Dumas 和Kevin Dunbar的研究结果表明创造力不是个体特征，而是"环境和视角的产物"。

每个人都可以有创造力，只要他或她觉得自己是一个有创造力的人。

也就是说一个人的创造力是取决于自己的。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第七段中的”Accor ding to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.“可知据皮莱博士说，心理万圣节之所以有效，是因为它是一种有意识的分散注意力的行为，当你不专注于某一特定任务或思想时，大脑中一系列区域就起作用。

这说明心理万圣节有效是因为大脑的某些区域大脑协同工作，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的”He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to ‘believe in yourself.’ In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.“可知想象自己处在一个新的环境中，或者是一个全新的身份，你会感到从未有过的高效，你让自己更有创造力。

由此推断所以要变得有创造力的话，要想象自己有一个全新的身份，也就是把自己想象成另外一个人。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Learning, Fast and Deep
Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.
The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.
That is changing.
Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a。