六年级小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析

六年级小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧+阅读理解专项练习
含答案解析
部编六年级小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧
在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有以下题型：
一、读一读，然后选一选。

这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last! Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!” And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!
阅读短文，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her.
A. three
B.third
C.No.3
D.the third
( )2. Carlos brings some一．
A. cola
B.napkins
C.soda water
D.cups
( )3． brings some cakes.
A. Amy
B.Carlos
C.Joey
D.Kate
分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。

在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。

如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。

卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A
二、读一读，然后判断句子正误。

该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。

做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers?
110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things.
119 is a number using for a fire accident.
120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt.
Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden.
阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。

( )1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.
( )2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( )3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.
( )4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.
分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。

读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。

110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。

1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。

可以判断它是正确的，
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。

120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
三、读一读，然后回答问题。

这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。

这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends.
The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?
2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week?
4．What is the weekend？
5. When do we usually go to school?
分析
题1 问一周有几天。

用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。

短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。

应该是工作日了。

正确答案：1．There are seven. 2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. 3.Sunday. 4.Saturday and Sunday.
5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空。

该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in the park. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and
Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
阅读短文，然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.
3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.
4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.
5. The most popular food in the USA is___一．
分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。

题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away 4．popular 5．fried chiken
五、读一读，然后画一画。

该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。

要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。

Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following:
She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag.
Can Tom find her'l
根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。

短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一
双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。

读懂了这些，就不难画出
这幅画了。

可不要忘记了涂色哦！
总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。

遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。

2．
1．Mary with her friends every day.
A．goes to school B．does her homework
C．plays soccer D．has lunch
2．What does Alan usually have for lunch?
A．Hamburgers. B．Vegetables.
C．Chicken. D．Fruit.
3．Alan goes to bed at about .
A．9:00 B．10:00 C．11:00 D．12:00
4．Helen runs with her in the morning.
A．mother B．friend
C．brother D．father
5． has an unhealthy life.
A．Helen B．Alan C．Mary D．John
【答案】
1．C
2．A
3．C
4．D
5．B
【解析】
【分析】
本文介绍了玛丽、艾伦、海伦的生活方式是否健康。

1．细节理解题。

由句子And every day I play soccer for two hours with my friends.可知，每天我和朋友踢两个小时的足球。

故选C。

2．细节理解题。

由句子For lunch,I usually eat lots of hamburgers.可知，午餐，我通常吃很多汉堡包。

故选A。

3．细节理解题。

由句子I go to bed late,at about eleven o’clock.可知，我睡得很晚，大约十一点。

故选C。

4．细节理解题。

由句子I run with my father for half an hour in the morning. 可知，早上我和爸爸一起跑了半个小时。

故选D。

5．细节理解题。

由对Alan的叙述可知，Alan的健康方式不对，故选B。

3． There are 55 students in my class. They come from different places, so they go to school in different ways. Twenty students go to school on foot because they live near the school. Ten students ride the bikes to school because they live not far from the school. Ten students go to school by bus because they live far from the school. Ten students go to school in their parents’ cars. The other five students go to school by boat because there is a river between their houses and the school.
1．How many students are there in the class?
A．55 B．20 C．10 D．50
2．Twenty students ______ to school because they live near the school.
A．walk B．by bus C．ride a bike D．on foot
3．Ten students ride the bikes to school because they live ______.
A．near the restaurant B．far from the school
C．not far from the school D．near the river
4．Five students go to school by boat because ______.
A．they have boats
B．they live far from the school
C．they would like to go by boat
D．there is a river between their houses and the school
5．If you live far from the school, you should ______ to go to school.
A．walk B．ride bike C．take a bus D．by boat
【答案】
1．A
2．A
3．C
4．D
5．C
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析：本文叙述了我班学生上学的交通方式。

我班有55名学生。

20
名学生步行上学，10名学生骑自行车去上学，有5名学生坐船上学，10名学生坐父母的车上学，还有10名学生坐公交车去上学。

1．A 细节理解题。

根据There are 55 students in my class.可知班里有55名学生，故选A。

2．A细节理解题。

根据 Twenty students go to school on foot because they live near the school.可知20名学生步行上学，故选A。

3．C细节理解题。

根据 Ten students ride the bikes to school because they live not far from the school.可知10名学生因为离学校不远，因此骑自行车去上学，故选C。

4．D细节理解题。

根据 The other five students go to school by boat, because there is a river between their houses and the school.可知有5名学生坐船上学，是
因为在他们家和学校之间有一条河，故选D。

5．C推理判断题。

根据 Ten students go to school by bus because they live far from the school.可知如果你离学校较远，你应该坐公交车去上学，故选C。

考点：日常生活类短文阅读。

1．What is Cindy doing?
A．She is writing to her friends. B．She is watching TV.
C．She is making some cards. D．She is cleaning her room.
2．How's the weather in Australia?
A．It's cold. B．It's sunny. C．It's rainy. D．It's snowy.
3．Where is Tony from?
A．China. B．Australia. C．The USA. D．Canada.
4．Tony always goes to see his ________ with his parents on New Year's Day.
A．grandparents B．teacher C．friend
D．uncle
5．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Cindy is an American girl. B．Oliver is doing his homework.
C．It's raining and cold in Canada. D．Oliver's father is not at home now.
【答案】
1．C
2．B
3．D
4．A
5．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是新年那天辛迪，奥利弗和托尼三个人的自我介绍。

1．题意：辛蒂在干什么？A. She is writing to her friends. 她正在给她的朋友写信；B. She is watching TV. 她在看电视；C. She is making some cards. 她正在做一些卡片；D. She is cleaning her room. 她正在打扫房间。

根据第一段Cindy第3句I'm making some cards for my family and friends.（我为我的家人和朋友制作了一些卡片。

）可知辛蒂在做一些卡片；结合句意和语境可知选C。

2．题意：澳大利亚的天气怎样？A. It's cold. 天气很冷；B. It's sunny. 晴天；C. It's rainy. 下雨了；D. It's snowy. 下雪了。

根据第2段 Olive第2句It's sunny in Australia today.可知澳大利亚的天气是晴天；结合句意和语境可知选
B。

3．题意：托尼来自哪里？A. China.中国；B. Australia. 澳大利亚；C. The USA. 美国；D. Canada. 加拿大。

根据第3段Tony 第1句I'm Tony from Canada.可知托尼来自加拿大；结合句意和语境可知选D。

4．题意：托尼总是与他父母在元旦那天看望他的________。

A. grandparents祖父母；B. teacher教师；C. friend朋友；D. uncle叔叔。

根据第3段Tony 第4句I always go to visit my grandparents with my parents.可知“托尼总是与他父母在元旦那天看望他的祖父母。

” 结合句意和语境可知选A。

5．题意：下列哪一项是正确的？A. Cindy is an American girl. 辛迪是一个美国女孩；B. Olive is doing his homework.奥利弗正在做他的家庭作业；C. It's raining and cold in Canada. 加拿大又冷又下雨；D. Olive's father is not at home now. 奥利弗的父亲现在不在家。

根据第2段Olive第6句My father is out to buy some drinks.（我父亲出去买饮料了。

）可知D是正确的。

故选D。

点睛：阅读理解最能体现学生的英语能力的题型，分值较高。

如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。

初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。

做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。

（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。

（2）考查猜词能力。

做这种题型时，要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。

3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。

本文主要考查学生的细节理解能力。

准确理解题意后，到文中找出相关的叙述，做出正确的判断。

1．When is Bob’s birthday?
A．January 28th.B．March 1 st. C．January 14th.
2．March 1st is ______ birthday.
A．Lucy and Victor’s B．Victor and Tina’s C．Lucy and Mike’s
3．Victor was born in ______.
A．1994. B．1995. C．1996.
4．______ were born in 1994.
A．Bob and Lucy B．Lucy and Tina C．Victor and Mike
5．下面哪项陈述是错误的？
A．Victor’s birthday is January 14th. B．Mike was born in 1996.
C．Tina was born in January.
【答案】
1．A
2．C
3．B
4．B
5．C
【解析】
【分析】
表格中列举了Bob, Lucy, Victor, Tina和Mike5位同学的出生年月日。

1．细节理解题。

由表格的第二行信息January 28th可得Bob的生日是1月28日，答案为B。

2．细节理解题。

由表格的第三行和最后一行信息可得Lucy和Mike的生日在三月一日，答案为C。

3．细节理解题。

由表格的倒数第三行信息可得Victor出生于1995年，答案为B。

4．细节理解题。

由表格的第二行和倒数第二行信息可得Lucy和Tina出生于1994年，答案为B。

5．判断正误题。

根据表格倒数第二行信息Tina出生在9月份，故答案C 错误。