2019年秋季高中英语 Unit 2 Working the land Period 1 Warming Up

Unit 2 Working the land Period 1 Warming Up & Reading
课后阅读作业
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
“Eat local. ”It’s one way to reduce human effect on the planet. Eating
local means to try to buy and consume foods that are grown in places close to
home. However, most of the food sold at supermarkets is not locally grown or
produced. Trucks and planes deliver these foods from hundreds or thousands of
miles away. During the transportation, greenhouse(温室)gases are produced, causing global warming. So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less the harm is done to the environment.
But how do you get local food if you live in a large city, hundreds of miles away from farms? Environmental health scientist Dickson Despommier and his students came up with the idea of a“vert ical(垂直的)farm”.
A vertical farm is a glass-walled structure that could be built as tall as a skyscraper(摩天大楼). Since the garden is built upwards, rather than outwards, it requires much less space than an ordinary farm. The world is quickly running out of room for ordinary farming. Vertical farms could be a key to this situation. Despommier imagines a 30-story building with a greenhouse on every floor. The walls of the building would be clear, to allow crops to get as much sunlight as possible. Depending on a city’s water resources, Despommier thinks hydroponic(水培的)farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants.
Despommier says the hydroponic greenhouses would use a system that would use a city’s waste water and fill it with nutrition to make the crops grow. If this method works, it would provide food to a city and save millions of tons of water.
The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we don’t have much land left for us, ”Stringer said. “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan. ”
Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality.
“But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way, ”he says.
【语篇概述】本文向大家介绍了一种新的种植方式——垂直农场。

1. Why are people advised to eat local?
A. Because it means convenience(方便)to people.
B. Because it can help people save a lot of money.
C. Because local food has more nutrition.
D. Because it is environmentally friendly.
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

由第一段可知当地所种的食物是离家近的, 不需经过运输的, 可是经过运输的食物在运输过程中产生了温室气体, 造成了全球变暖, 由此可知建议人们吃当地食物的原因是为了环保。

2. Which is one of the vertical farm’s benef its when compared with ordinary farming?
A. It produces healthier food.
B. It does less harm to the cities.
C. It needs more space of the city.
D. It requires less transport costs.
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

普通农场所种的食物要经过运输才可到达城市, 运输过程要花钱, 可垂直农场则省略了运输这一步骤, 当然也减少了运输成本。

故D项是垂直农场的一个好处。

3. By saying“the sky is the limit in Manhattan”, Stringer means______.
A. people can make full use of vertical space of Manhattan
B. there is a limit for using empty land in Manhattan
C. the height of buildings in Manhattan is limited
D. Manhattan can spread as far as possible
【解析】选A。

句意理解题。

在曼哈顿建垂直农场天空是限制, 可天空是无限大的, 因此所表达意义是人们可以充分利用垂直空间。

4. What can we learn about the vertical farming in the passage?
A. No soil is needed to grow plants in a vertical farm.
B. It has solved the problem of the food shortage in a big way.
C. The walls of the building would be clear, to let people see the plants clearly.
D. Crops are mainly grown in the rainwater in a vertical farm.
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句“Depending on a city’s water resources, Despommier
thinks hydroponic farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants”可知在垂直农场不需要用土壤来种植植物, 可以用水培的方法。

B
“Can I hug you? ”community nurse Joyce Jebambula asks with a smile
as she welcomes me back to her village. “Of course, ”I say as I put
my arms around her. It’s an unbelievable moment. Just at the height
of the outbreak more than a year ago, there was an“avoid body
contact”rule here. It’s now been removed.
One of the most challenging parts of reporting this outbreak over the past 18 months is that
I haven’t been able to touch anyone in the worst-affected countries. When Ebola(埃博拉病毒)survivors described in tears describing losing their families, I had to almost sit on my hands to avoid reaching out to comfort them.
The outbreak was declared over in Sierra Leone on 7 November. I returned for the celebrations. But despite reaching this long-awaited milestone, all is not well.
Ibrahim Koroma, 21, clings to his survivor’s certificate outside the home. All 17 of his fa mily are now dead. The certificate is one of his most prized possessions. “He does not pose any risk to the community”it reads.
Ibrahim tells me how his landlord has allowed him to stay in one of the rooms of his former family home until the end of the year. He says he doesn’t know what he’ll do after that. He does some part-time work, relying heavily on help from neighbors. His two little sisters and little brother died in the very room where he now sleeps. He says he often lies awake thinking about them, feeling very bad.
The Ebola outbreak in West Africa was the worst on record. In past outbreaks there had only been a few hundred deaths and a few hundred survivors. It was thought Ebola could live for only three months. But research has now shown it can linger for at least nine months. Scientists are still trying to find how long it could be infectious.
【语篇概述】本文记叙作者在西非采访埃博拉病毒幸存者时, 目睹了埃博拉病毒对西非造成的巨大影响。

5. When interviewing Ebola survivors the author______.
A. couldn’t touch them with hands
B. kept comforting them with hands
C. held their hands to show sympathy
D. couldn’t help comforting them with hands
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据第二段内容可知我不能碰他们的手。

选A。

6. Ibrahim Koroma values his certificate because it______.
A. is a sign of his contributions
B. shows he is healthy person
C. has been the only one for patients so far
D. is a great honor to have it in his village
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据第四段第三句可知这个证书是他最自豪的财产。

他对社区没有带来任何风险。

选B。

7. We can learn from the passage that______.
A. Ebola can only survive a few days
B. Ibrahim’s neighbors treat him badly
C. Ebola still influences Ibrahim’s life
D. there were once 17 people in Ibrahim’s family
【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据第四段第二句“All 17 of his family are now dead. ”可知D项错误; 根据第五段第三句“. . . heavily on help from neighbors. ”可知B项错误; 根据第六段第二句In past outbreaks there had only been a few hundred deaths and a few hundred survivors. 可知A项错误; 根据第五段后两句可推知埃博拉影响了Ibrahim的生活, 故选C。

Ⅱ. 阅读填句
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余
At the time of birth, babies can explore all of the five senses—hearing, seeing, touching, tasting, and smelling, though these senses are not fully developed. They explore the new world with their available senses.
Right from the time of birth, babies have a good understanding of sound. In fact, the sense of hearing develops much befor e the birth of them. When in their mother’s womb(子宫), they can hear their mothers’heartbeats. 1 And it is very easy for them to understand the tone(语调)of speech.
The sight also develops with time. Just after birth, babies can see things which are within
eight to ten inches from their eyes. 2 With time their range of vision and understanding of colors also develop.
3 They love sleeping in lap(大腿)just because personal touches make them feel secure. Touch is an important sense, which affects the relationships between the parents and their babies.
Babies explore most things by putting them inside their mouth. 4 And they will spit(吐)out anything that doesn’t taste good immediately.
Babies recognize their mother through smell. 5 They also quickly recognize the smell of the food or fruit they love. With time, they develop an understanding of all the smells around.
Though the sensory development takes a long time, you can certainly help to make it fast. But remember: do not over-burden your kid, and do not be overprotective about your kid.
A. Small babies love to be touched.
B. They express their feelings by cries.
C. They taste them through their sensitive tongue.
D. Babies respond to touch in the same way as adults do.
E. They also easily recognize black, white and red colors.
F. Then they start recognizing the smell of other family members.
G. Gradually they can remember words and understand the meanings.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了婴儿的各种感觉的特点。

1.【解析】选G。

本段讲的是婴儿的听觉特点。

婴儿首先是能识别声音, 然后逐渐记住词汇并理解词汇的含义, 故选G。

2.【解析】选E。

本段讲的是婴儿的视觉特点。

空后讲到经过一定的时间, 婴儿的视野和对颜色的认知都会发展, 由此可知此空讲的是一开始婴儿只能简单地辨别黑、白和红色, 故选E。

3.【解析】选A。

本段讲的是婴儿的触觉特点。

婴儿喜欢被抚摸, 所以他们喜欢睡在大人的腿上, 因为身体上的接触能给他们安全感, 故选A。

4.【解析】选C。

本段讲的是婴儿的味觉特点。

婴儿几乎会将所有东西都放在嘴里用敏感的舌头进行探索, 故选C。

5.【解析】选F。

本段讲的是婴儿的嗅觉特点。

婴儿首先识别的是妈妈的味道。

然后是其他人的味道, 故选F。

【补偿训练】
A
Jackie Chan recently shared the origin of his English name with his
Australian fans, a befitting audience for his story since Australia was
the country where he first got his name.
As reported on CRI News, the actor, who attended his first public talk
in Sydney titled“Jackie Chan in Conversation”, revealed that he first
came to the country, to Canberra to be exact, at the age of 13 with almost zero understanding of the national language.
Jackie said that his father used to leave him at the shopping mall with some money for food before heading off to work. Since he hardly spoke any English, Jackie stated that he would often use hand gestures and facial expressions. Sometimes, he would even stay hungry for hours. “That’s when I decided that I could no longer go on and needed to learn English, ”said Jackie.
It was at his first school in Canberra that his teacher decided to give him an English name, Steve, as his original name Chan Kong Sang was hard to pronounce. However, he later changed his name to Jack—one that was given to him by a Taiwanese man he befriended and who found him a job at a construction site. “The owner of the firm asked him what my name was, and since his own name was Jack, he called me Jack as well, ”said Jackie. He later added the“ie”at the end after being told by a Feng Shui expert that it would bring him better luck.
The actor is currently in Sydney filming his new movie, Bleeding Steel.
【语篇概述】本文讲述了成龙的英文名字的由来。

1. Why did Jackie Chan suffer from hungry in Australia when he was young?
A. Because he had no money.
B. Because his family was very poor.
C. Because he couldn’t find shopping mall.
D. Because he didn’t know English.
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据第二段“with almost zero understanding of the national language. ”可知, 成龙对英语几乎是完全不懂, 所以有时会挨饿。

2. What’s Jackie Chan’s first English name?
A. Jackie
B. Jack
C. Steve
D. Chan Kong Sang
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据第四段“It was at his first school in Canberra that his teacher decided to give him an English name, Steve”可知, Steve是他的第一个英文名。

3. Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.
a. filming the new movie in Sydney
b. deciding to study English
c. moving to Canberra
d. Changing his name into Jackie
e. receiving the first English name
A. cbeda
B. cdeab
C. bceda
D. cebda
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据全文内容可知, 成龙搬家到堪培拉, 因为不懂英语而挨饿, 所以决定学习英语, 并在学校得到第一个英文名字, 后来改名字叫Jackie, 现在正在拍摄新电影《机器之血》。

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. An introduction of a new film.
B. The way to be popular among audiences.
C. The process of getting the English name.
D. The reason to learn English in Australia.
【解析】选C。

主旨大意题。

纵观全文可知, 本文属于记叙文, 讲述了成龙得到英文名字的过程。

B
A female honor guard, once one of the most popular models in the 11th
CCTV model contest, made her debut(露面)with 50 other female honor guard
members in the Sept. 3 parade.
Men Jiahui joined the army with her dream of becoming a female honor
guard after graduating from Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology in July 2014. At the time she was a well-known car model in China.
The ex-model realized her dream and appeared in the Sept. 3 parade with other female honor guards who have won worldwide acclaim since their debut at a diplomatic event on May 12, 2014. They were selected in February 2014.
The female honor guards, whose average age is 20 with an average height of 1. 78 meters, have bachelor’s degrees and higher qualifications.
Sept. 3 witnessed the debut of the female honor guards, who marched in the parade with male honor guards to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the end of World WarⅡ.
To achieve orderly military marching, the female honor guards had to overcome the figure
differences between males and females during the training. On average, their male counterparts are 10 centimeters taller and have wider bodies. So with the same stride length of 0. 75 meter, the honor guards have to adjust their movements to ensure horizontal spacing between them is identical.
“The female honor guards have to widen their elbows while the males narrow their elbows, ”said a person who is in charge of t he PLA Guard of Honor.
【语篇概述】本文记叙了曾经做模特的女孩门佳慧, 实现了做仪仗女兵的梦想, 为9月3日的大阅兵做准备。

5. Men jiahui joined the army after graduation in order to_________.
A. earn a lot of money
B. become a female honor guard
C. make herself more popular
D. make her learn more about weapons
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

由第二段的第一句Men Jiahui joined the army with her dream of becoming a female honor guard after graduating from Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology in July 2014. 可知选B项。

6. What can we learn about the female honor guards?
a. Their average age is 20.
b. They have bachelor’s degrees and higher qualifications.
c. Their average height is 1. 78 meters.
d. It’s their first debut at a diplomatic event.
A. abc
B. abd
C. bcd
D. abcd
【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

通过第四段可知abc表述正确; 通过第三段可知d错误; 故选A项。

7. To achieve orderly military marching, what should the female honor guards have to do?
A. Walking faster than males.
B. Narrowing their elbows.
C. Adjusting their movements to ensure horizontal spacing between them is identical.
D. Walking slower than males.
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据第六段最后一句可知答案选C项。

8. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Men Jiahui—a well-known car model in China.
B. How the female honor guards adjust their movements to achieve orderly military marching.
C. The female honor guards will match in the parade with male honor guards to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the end of World WarⅡ.
D. Former model, now a female honor guard, ready for V-Day parade debut
【解析】选D。

主旨大意题。

本文主要讲述曾经的模特门佳慧, 实现了做仪仗女兵的梦想, 为9月3日的大阅兵做准备。