新外研版高中英语必修四 Module 5 Grammar教学课件

must
may, might, can, could
1. She can’t be serious. 2. We couldn’t have done better.
强 语 气
3. People may not pick flowers in this garden.
4. She was afraid they might not like the idea. 否定句 弱 can’t, couldn’t may not, might not
should, must have to 有时态变化
翻译下列句子, 体会情态动词的不同用法: 1. Tom, you mustn’t leave all your clothes on the floor like this! (表示禁止, 意为 “不许”) 2. He must have completed his homework; otherwise, he couldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (must+ have+过去分词, 表 示对过去事情肯定的推测)
1. They ______ could go anywhere they wished.
2. You _________ shouldn’t go on those ships. 3. There _______ won’t be any other foreigners. 4. We just ________ had to show our passports. 5. We ______ could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda.
表许可, 征询意 见
语 气
can, will
could / may / would / shall / might
1. There must be a mistake. 强 2. You may walk ten miles without seeing a house. 语 3. He might get there on time. 气 4. It can be true. 5. In those days few workers could support 弱 their families. 肯定句 表可能性 (猜测)
5. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I should report it to the police? (表示应该) 6. Children under 12 years old in that country must be under adult supervision when in a public library.
14. There must be some reason for his
absence. (表示对现在事情的推测) 15. --- Need I do the experiment again
② 表示说话人对事物的推测, 意思为 “一 定” 或 “准是”, 语气比may要强得多。 4. have to
表示 “不得不” “必须” 的概念, 比 must更含有 “客观条件使得必须如此 做”, 并有较多的时态。
5. shall ① 作情态动词在陈述句中用于第二和 第三人称, 表示说话人给对方的 “命令” “警告” “许诺” “威胁” “强制” 等。 ② 但在疑问句中, 主语为第一或第三人 称, 表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对 方提出请示。
9. You can’t imagine that a well behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 表示吃惊, 意为 “竟然会” 10. The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides. (表示义务或规定)
2. Correct the mistakes and say why.
should 1. John shoulds go to school on time. must 2. At that time we thought we musted hand in our paper. 3. You must to finish your homework in time. can’t 4. We don’t can be there tomorrow. 5. They should may do that. should / may
基本用法
1. can, could ① 表示体力或脑力方面的 “能力”,或 根据客观条件能做某种动作的 “能力”。 ② 用于否定句或疑问句中表示说话人对 发生的事情的 “怀疑” “猜测” “不 肯定”的语气。 ③ could比can 语气更弱。 ④ can 不用于肯定句(除非是经验谈)。
2. may, might
8. would ① 可用于各人称, 表示过去时间的 “意志” “愿望” 和 ‘决心”。 ② 表示说话人本身的 “意志” 或向对方 提出 “请求’。 ③ 还可以表示过去习惯发生的动作。 9. ought to ① 表示 “有义务或必要”做某事。 ② 表示劝告。
1. Complete the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.
3. Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.
(表示可能性, 意为 “可能”) 4. --- Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there? --- No, it can’t be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. (对目前状态表示否定推测, 意为 “不可能”)
Module 5
A Trip Along the Three Gorges
Grammar
必修四
Grammar
情态动词
特征
1) 情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人的语气 或情态,但词义不完全,不能单独作谓语动词, 只能和不带to的动词不定式(即动词原型) (ought等除外)一起构成谓语动词。
2) 情态动词所表示的情态有: 命令、允许、 请求、拒绝、愿望、愿意、义务、必要、 可能、敢于、需要等。
Modal Verb Indicate could an ability to do something shouldn’t use to give advice make a prediction about the won’t future had to the past form of must could the permission to do something
Conclusion can 表能力
could
be able to 有时态变化
1. You can go now. 强 2. I won’t let you down. 3. Could I say it in Chinese? 4. May I know your name? 5. Would you mind closing the door? 6. Shall we dance? 7. Might I have a word with you? 弱
① may 表示 “允许” 或 “请求”。 在 口语中可用can替代, 但may比较正式，
② 表示说话人的猜测, 认为某一事情 “或许” 或 “可能” 发生。用might 指现在的时候语气较为委婉客气或更加 不肯定, might 还可表示 “规劝”。
3. must ① 表示 “必须” 或 “应当”。其否定式 表示 “不应该” 或 “不许可”, 语气比较 强烈。
6. will ① 作情态动词用时在陈述句中可用各 人称作主语, 表示其 “意志” “意愿” “决心”等。 ② 在疑问句中用第二人称作主语, 表示 说话人向对方提出请示或询问。 ③ 有时表示一种习惯动作或状态或自 然规律。
7. should ① 表示 “劝告” “建议”, 译为 “应 当”。 ② 可表示说话人的感情如 “惊奇” “愤怒” “失望” “不满”等。 ③ 表示一种估计、预测的可能情况, 译 为 “估计” “按理应当”。
形式变化
1) 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，第 三人称单数的现在时也无变化。 2) 有些情态动词有过去式，有的过去 式和它的原型相同。 如：can – could; shall - should
情态动词的种类
要运用好情态动词，就要首先对情态动词 有一个完整的认识： 1. 只用作情态动词的有： must, can / could, may / might, ought to, be able to 2. 既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有： need, dare，have /had to, used to
11. --- Is John coming by train? --- He should, but he may not. He likes driving his own car. (表示对现在或将来的推测) 12. Since it is raining, we have to stay indoors. (表客观需求) 13. I must go now. There are a lot of things I want to do. (强调主观意图)
表不可能 (猜测)
1. We mustn’t waste our time. 2. They shouldn’t left so soon. 3. You’d better not disturb him. mustn’t, shouldn’t had better not
表禁止
1. You should do what your parents tell you. 2. If you can’t finish the book by then, you must come and renew it. 3.This is a lovely party, but we have to go because of the baby-sister. 4. The bridge was not wide enough so that somebody had to give way. 表义务(应该)
表示义务或必要, 意为 “必须”
7. ---Who is the girl standing over there? --- Well, if you must know, her name is Mary. 表示主张, 意为 “一定要” 8. ---I’ll tell Mary about her new job tom week. 表示与过去事实的相反, 意为 “本应该……”
3. Observation
1. Two eyes can see more than one. 2. I am so strong that I can lift this stone. 3. He said that Jack couldn’t finish his work in such a short time. 4. Could you follow my step? 5. He is only four, but he is able to read. 6. She was able to do it without my help. 7. Will you be able to come to my party tomorrow?