(教师用书)高中英语 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors教案 新人教版选修8

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
【美文阅读】
北京猿人复原头盖骨
(1960年发现的) 北京猿人塑像
Peking Man was discovered in Zhoukoudian village，on the Longgu Mountain，Fangshan district，Beijing，which was listed as a world cultura l heritage site in 1987.In the 1920s archaeologists discovered a complete skull of an ape­man dating back 600,000 years which was later named as Peking Man.Stone tools and evidence of Peking Man's use of fire were later found on the mountain.Studies have shown that Peking Man walked on his feet and lived 690,000 years ago.His society lived in groups in caves and survived by hunting.The group could make use of rough stone tools and knew how to use fire for heating and cooking.
The discovery included six complete skulls of Peking Man,12 skull fragments,15 mandibles(下颌骨)，157 teeth and some sections of broken femurs(大腿骨)，shinbones(胫骨)，and upper arm bones belonging to more than 40 individuals of different ages and sexes.In addition 100,000 fragments of stone tools were found together with sites used for fire and burnt bones and stones.
Peking Man created a unique Old Stone Culture which had much influence to the Old Stone Culture of North China.Stone tools are the principal relics of this remote culture.Also discovered in Zhoukoudian are stone points，a new production tool then，and bone articles made and used by Peking Man.Found in the caves were such tools as the larger end of an antler(鹿角，茸角) that had been used as a hammer and the sharp end of an antler used as a digging tool.
The use of fire was a milestone of the development of civilization and the discovery of Peking Man has pushed back the time that man first used it by tens of thousands of years.The largest ash pile discovered in the caves is six metres thick.Fire allowed people to eat cooked food instead of raw food and promoted the development of the brain and improved health.With his rough tools and simple living conditions，Peking Man created a unique and very ancient culture.
【诱思导学】
1．When was Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian listed as a world cultural heritage?
______________________________________________
2．According to the studies，when did Peking Man live?
______________________________________________
3．What kind of tools did Peking Man use?
______________________________________________
【答案】 1.In 1987. 2.About 690,000 years ago.
3．Stone tools.
Period ⅠPreviewing
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。

●教学地位
本单元的主题是考古学，涉及到历史和人类学，语言知识和语言技能都是围绕这一主题设计的。

具体涉及“周口店遗址的北京猿人”、“早期人类生活方式”、“如何判断遗址年份”、“秦始皇兵马俑”和“埃及金字塔”等，帮助学生增长考古学知识，更好地了解早期人类的
生活方式和人类文明的发展进程。

(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
根据教材P37“读前”(pre­reading)呈现的北京猿人的头盖骨图片，让学生通过谈论我们今天使用的生活用品及生活方式猜测几十万年前北京猿人可能使用的生活用品和生活方式，将学生的思维引入“史前人类生活”，为下文阅读做好铺垫。

●教学流程设计
导入新课。

⇒学生阅读“话题美文导读”与“诱思导学”(见学案第74页)。

⇒学生就“话题美文导读”进行讨论，统一答案。

⇓学生再次阅读课文(课本第38－39页)并完成“语篇理解”(见学案第75页)。

⇐师生共同讨论并统一答案。

⇐让学生快速阅读课文(课本第38－39页)并完成“篇章结构”(见学案第75页)。

⇓
学生共同讨论，并让学生发表各自见解，最后统一答案。

⇒学生再次仔细阅读课文(课本第38－39页)，进行深度理解，并完成“课文缩写”(见学案第76页)。

⇒老师指导学生讨论，共同找出答案。

⇓
让学生根据所给出的表格进行自我评估(见学案第77页)。

⇐学生讨论，并让学生代表发表他们讨论得出的答案。

老师予以更正。

⇐让学生完成“知识初探”部分(见学案第76页)。

⇓
老师布置作业，让学生看课本第38－39页并完成课本第39页1、2、3 题，预习学案Period Ⅱ(见学案第77页)，写一篇描述考古发现的短文。

Ⅰ.篇章结构
阅读P38－39Reading部分，然后完成下列表格
【答案】
3．keep warm yers of ash 5.wild animals 6.Needles 7.sharpened 8.smaller scrapers 9.made it soft 10.seashells Ⅱ.语篇理解
阅读P38－39Reading部分，选择最佳答案
1．The main idea of the text is about the ________ of the earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves.
A．life and habits
B．food and clothing
C．homes and fishing
2．The primitive necklace found in the cave shows that ________.
A．our ancestors made ornaments and sold them for money
B．our ancestors valued necklaces more than other ornaments
C．the earliest people had already cared about their appearance
3．We can infer from the passage that people living in the Zhoukoudian caves ________.
A．didn't live mainly on crops
B．didn't know how to trade with others
C．burnt what they could find outside the caves
4．From “but others are made of shells”，we can infer that________.
A．the sea was not far away at that time
B．the shells could be sold and bought
C．they could make necklaces by machines
5．Which of the following is the correct order about how early people made clothes?
a．clean the fat and meat from the skin
b．cut up the animals
c．rub salt inside the skin
d．remove the skin
e．sew the pieces together
A．b，d，c，a，e
B．b，d，a，c，e
C．b，a，d，c，e
【答案】1－5 A C A B B
Ⅲ.课文缩写
A group of students from England，who are interested in 1.________，have come to Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archeologist gives them a brief introduction to the life and habits of the earliest people in Zhoukoudian：
Early people lived in caves and they made 2.________ in the centre of caves to keep them 3.________，cook the food and 4.________ their enemies away，such as tigers and bears.
Early people made their own clothes from animal 5.________.They used sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skins.Smaller scrapers were used to 6.________ the fat and meat from the skin.Finally they would use needles made of animal bones to 7.________ the pieces together.
Early people also paid attention to their 8.________ and wore necklaces.Some of the necklace beads were made of animal bones but some were made of shells，which told us that all the fields around Zhoukoudian caves used to be part of a large 9.________ lake.Early people didn't grow their own crops，but picked fruit when it was 10.________ and hunted animals for food.
【答案】 1.archeology 2.fires 3.warm 4.scare
5．skins 6.remove 7.sew 8.appearance 9.shallow 10.ripe
Ⅰ.词义搭配
1．alternative A．something you can choose to do or use instead of something else
2．tentative B．belonging to a simple way of life that existed in the past without modern industries and machines 3．assume C．to make something have a sharper edge or point
4．ample D．the detailed study or examination of sth.，in order to understand it.
5．sharpen E．not definite or certain，and may be changed later
6．primitive F．more than enough
7．analysis G．to think that something is true，although you do not have definite proof
【答案】 1.A 2.E 3.G 4.F 5.C 6.B 7.D
Ⅱ.短语填空
show around；be aware of；regardless of；at most；compare...with...；cut up；keep out；come to a conclusion；differ from
1. To save the drowning child，the boy plunged into the icy water without hesitation，________________ his own safety.
2. It will take two hours ______________ to get there，so you needn't be too worried.
3. Though most smokers ______________ the dangers of smoking，they won't give up.
4. ______________ the meat before you put them into the pot.
5．One of your classmates will ________ you ________ the campus this afternoon.
【答案】 1.regardless of 2.at most 3.are aware of
4．Cut up 5.show；around
Ⅲ.句型背诵
1. It_is_a_great_pleasure_to_meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.
很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学生。

2．We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where_they_made_fires.
我们发现在洞穴的中央有生火用的火炉。

3．...as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used_to be part of a large shallow lake.
……正如植物学的分析结果告诉我们的，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。

4．That's_why they are called hunters and gatherers.
这就是他们被称之为是猎人和采摘者的缘故。

5．They couldn't have mats，blankets or quilts like we do.It must_have_been very uncomfortable.
他们不可能像我们一样有席子、毛毯或棉被。

那肯定很不舒服。

Period ⅡWarming Up & Reading
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。

(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。

(3)通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。

(4)通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写一些关于描述考古发现或某个遗迹的短文，并培养学生养成自觉用英语写作的好习惯，以提高学生的书面表达能力。

●教学地位
单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起着至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。

(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
We all know that China is a country with a lot of ancient cultural relics. We can learn our ancestors' life and living conditions through these relics. Now I want to ask xxx to say something about a relic he/she is familiar with. (老师让xxx 同学谈谈他/她所熟悉的某个遗址。

)
●教学流程设计
老师检查上节课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。

⇒导入新课。

⇒让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第77页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。

⇓
让学生再次阅读课文(课本第38－39页)，以加深对所学单词与短语的理解。

⇐老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。

⇐让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。

⇓
让学生完成“自我评估”(学案第81页)。

⇒布置作业。

让学生完成课本第39页第1、2、3题，“课时作业”和预习Period Ⅲ(见学案第82页)。

1. alternative n．可能的选择adj.供选择的，其他的
Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(教材P37)
你能想出今天我们使用的替代品吗？
I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.
我提议这次要么到山区要么到海边度假。

have the alternative of doing sth.
有做……的选择；可以做……
have no alternative/choice but to do sth.
别无选择只好做……
If you don't like the school lunch，you have the alternative of bringing your own.
要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐，你可以自己带饭。

I had no alternative but to accept the offer.
我除了接受该项提议之外，别无选择。

alternative/choice/selection
The store offers a wide choice of fruit and vegetables.
商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜。

Parents should be careful in their selection of the movies their young children see.
家长们在为孩子们挑选电影时应小心谨慎。

用alternative，choice或selection填空
①You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly and those are the two ________.
②The shop has a wide ________ of hats.
③The final team ________ will be made tomorrow.
【答案】①alternatives②choice③selection
单项填空
④(2013·天水高二质检)In this school，the students have three ________ courses and seven ________ courses. A．required；alternative
B．requiring；alternative
C．require；alternate
D．require；alternative
【解析】句意：在这所学校里，学生有三门必修课，七门选修课。

空处分别为过去分词和形容词作宾语修饰courses。

【答案】 A
2．starvation n．挨饿；饿死
Did they suffer from cold，starvation or disease？(教材P37)他们遭受寒冷，饥饿或疾病吗？
There are many people suffering from starvation in the world at present.
现在，世界上仍然有许多人在挨饿。

starve vt.& vi.(使)饿死；渴望
starve...to death 使……饿死
starve to death 饿死
starve for sth.渴求/需要什么
starve to do sth.想要干某事
starve sb.into sth./into doing sth.
断绝食物(或资金)来源以迫使某人做某事
The explorers starved to death in the desert.
探险者们在沙漠中饿死了。

They starved their enemies into giving in.
他们断绝敌人的食物来源迫使他们屈服。

完成句子
①She's________(挨饿)herself to lose weight.
②At present no one suffers from________(挨饿)．
【答案】①starving②starvation
3. It_is_a_great_pleasure_to_meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology.(教材P38)很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学生。

这是一个复合句。

who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students；主句部分It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，是一个以it作形式主语的句子，真正的主语是to meet you students from England。

It is very important for us to learn English well.
对我们来说学好英语非常重要。

it作形式主语的句型有：
It＋be＋n./adj.＋v结构
It＋be＋n./adj.＋(for sb.)to do sth.
It＋be＋n./adj.＋of sb.to do sth.
It＋be＋n./adj.＋that...
It is no use crying.哭是没有用处的。

It is not easy for a person to do good things all his/her life.一个人一辈子做好事是不容易的。

It was foolish of her to waste money on such clothes.
她真蠢，把钱花在买这些衣服上。

【提示】在此句型中表示赞扬或批评的形容词是wise，clever，stupid，foolish，kind，nice，good，rude，cruel等时，介词of不能换成for。

此句型也可以转换成sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.。

She was foolish to waste money on such clothes.
她很愚蠢花钱买这种衣服。

It is foolish________them to make such mistakes.
A．for B．on C．at D．of
【解析】在it作形式主语的句型中，若形容词是表示赞扬或批评(人)的，要用介词of。

【答案】 D
4．interrupt v．打断；中断；插嘴
I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？(教材P38)对不起，打断了你(的讲话)，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？
Don't interrupt the speaker；ask questions afterwards.
不要打断演说者，等他讲完后再问问题。

①interruption n．中断；阻断物
without interruption 不间断地
②interruptive adj.阻碍的；打扰的
The birth of her son was a minor interruption to her career.她儿子的出生对她的事业造成一个小小的中断。

I managed to work for two hours without interruption.我总算连续工作了两个小时。

interrupt/disturb
你最好别打扰他。

他在睡觉。

The noise of the machine disturbed my sleep last night.
昨晚，机器的噪声使得我没睡好觉。

完成句子
①他们的谈话被敲门声打断了。

Their talk ________ by a knock at the door.
②她连续讲了50分钟。

She spoke for 50 minutes ________.
【答案】①was interrupted②without interruption
单项填空
③If you keep ________ with silly questions，I shall go out of my senses.
A．interrupt B．interrupting
C．interrupted D．to interrupt
【解析】keep doing意为“总是做……”；go/be out of senses意为“发疯；失去理智”。

【答案】 B
5．So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless_of the cold.(教材P38)
因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。

(1)assume v．假定；假想；以为；假装；装作；担任；承担
I had assumed him to be a Belgian.
我本以为他是比利时人。

Don't always assume the worst.别总往最坏处想。

①assume sb./sth.to be...假定/假设某人/某事为……
It is assumed that...……被认为……
②assumption n．假定；设想
make an assumption认为，假定
on the assumption that...假定……
③assuming that假设/假定
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为压力来自于过多的工作。

assume/guess/imagine
用assume/guess/imagine的适当形式填空
①假如明天下雨，我们该怎么办？
________it rains tomorrow，what shall we do?
②我们难以想象没有电的生活情形。

We can hardly ________life without electricity.
③我猜不到你的心思。

I can't ________your thoughts.
【答案】①Assuming②imagine③guess
(2)regardless of不管；不顾
They rebuilt the house regardless of cost.
他们不惜成本重建了那所房子。

He went to the rescue of a drowning child regardless of his personal safety.
他把个人安危置之度外去救一个溺水儿童。

regardless of/despite/in spite of
尽管医生嘱咐他休息，但杰克还是去了西班牙。

In spite of all his efforts，he failed in his English exam.
尽管他付出了极大努力，他的英语考试还是不及格。

【提示】regardless，despite，in spite of后不能直接跟从句，但可以接the fact that...。

用in spite of或regardless of填空
④________ the weather，the sports meeting will be held on time.
⑤________ all the danger signs，they went swimming.
⑥I went out ________ heavy rain.
【答案】④Regardless of⑤In spite of⑥regardless of/in spite of
6．We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where_they_made_fires.(教材P38)
我们发现在洞穴的中央有生火用的火炉。

(1)这是一个复合句。

we've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves是主句部分，where引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the caves，并在定语从句中作状语。

(2)where引导定语从句，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词一般是表示地点的名词，相当于介词＋which。

Is there a shop around where(in which) we can get fruit？附近有我们能买到水果的商店吗？
【提示】where在从句中只能充当状语，如果不是作状语，就要换用that或which。

This is the factory where his father worked last year.
这是去年他父亲工作的那家工厂。

This is the factory (which/that) we visited yesterday.
这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。

【对接高考】
(2013·北京高考)Many countries are now setting up national parks________animals and plants can be protected.
A．when B．which C．whose D．where
【解析】题干的意思是：眼下，许多国家正在建立一些国家公园，动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。

分析结构可知，此处是考查定语从句的引导词，先行词为national parks，定语从句中缺少地点状语，要用where来引导，相当于in which。

关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语；which在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whose只作定语，三者均不符合语境，故正确答案为D项。

解答这类题目首先要找准先行词，然后根据定语从句所缺的成分来确定选项。

【答案】 D
用适当的关系代词或副词填空
①This is a house ________ Lu Xun once lived.
②This is the pen ________ I'm looking for.
③They have reached the point ________ they have to separate with each other.
【答案】①in which/where②that/which ③where
7．It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut_up animals and remove their skin.(教材P38)
看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮。

(1)sharpen vi.& vt.使尖锐；使急剧；变尖锐，变急剧
The walk has sharpened my appetite.
散步增加了我的食欲。

sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；敏锐的；尖刻的
sharpener n．磨具；削具
sharpen sth. up使达到标准；使符合质量要求
Be careful with that knife—it's very sharp.
当心那把刀子——它很锋利。

He decided to come here at two o'clock sharp.
他决定两点整来这儿。

【教师备课资源】
­en是后缀，en­是前缀。

有些名词、形容词前或后加上该词辍后可构成动词，表示“变为”、“使有”、“变得”、“变得有”，如：hearten，strengthen，darken，harden，weaken，ripen，soften，enrich，enlarge等。

一些物质名词之后加上该词缀后可构成形容词，表示“由……制作的”，如：wooden，woolen，golden。

用所给单词的正确形式填空
①The sky began to ________(dark) as the storm approached.
②The government's power needs to be ________(strong) n ot ________(weak)．
③The ________(gold) age only comes to men when they have forgotten ________(gold)．
④A pencil ________(sharp) is a device that can be used to ________(sharp) a pencil.
【答案】①darken②strengthened；weakened
③golden；gold ④sharpener；sharpen
(2)cut up切碎；剪碎；用刀等把某物切成小块；摧毁，粉碎；使伤心；使悲痛
He has to have his food cut up for him.
他得让人替他把食物切碎。

Our army cut up the enemy's forces.
我们的军队摧毁了敌人的武装部队。

He was badly cut up by the news of his son's death.
得知儿子的死讯，他极为悲伤。

cut across 抄近路；径直穿过
cut away切掉；剪掉
cut down 砍倒；杀死；消减，缩短
cut in 插嘴；突然插入
cut into halves/pieces切成两半/碎块
cut out切掉；删掉
cut through 将……凿穿；抄近道
cut off 切掉；砍掉；从……上截下
I wish Jane would stop cutting in on our conversation.
我希望简不要打断我们的谈话。

One of his fingers was cut off in the accident.
在那场事故中，他的一个手指被切掉了。

They decided to cut through the forest.
他们决定抄近路穿过森林。

用适当的介/副词填空
⑤Our water supply has been cut ________.
⑥She was pretty cut________ about the m leaving.
⑦It is impolite for children to cut________ when their seniors are talking.
⑧The car industry cut________production.
⑨They cut________all the dead branches from the tree.
⑩I usually cut________the park on my way home.
【答案】⑤off⑥up⑦in⑧down⑨aw ay ⑩across
8．ample adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的；大的；宽敞的
After that they would rub an ample amount of salt onto the skin...(教材P38) 然后，他们可能在兽皮上边擦上大量的盐……
We have ample money for the journey.
我们用于度假的钱很充裕。

We have ample supply of water.
我们的水供应很充足。

【教师备课资源】“足够”的程度：
ample
充足有余＞enough
sufficient
足够＞adequate
刚够
完成句子
①We have ________________ (充足的贮存空间) in our new house.
②We have ________________(充足的食物供应)．
【答案】①ample storage room②ample supplies of food
9．...as_the_botanical_analyses_have_shown_us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.(教材P39)
……正如植物学分析结果所显示的那样，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。

句中as引导的是非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指后面句子的内容。

The Pacific is the largest ocean，as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道。

(正如我们所知道的，太平洋是最大的洋。

)
as/which
我们赢了，这一点在我们预料之中。

(正如我们预料的一样，我们赢了。

)
As is known to all，he is the best student in our class.
众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。

(正如我们所知道的一样，他是我们班上最好的学生。

)
Tom suddenly fell ill，which made us sad.
汤姆突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。

He has to work on Sunday，which he doesn't like.
他周日还得上班，这是他不喜欢的。

【对接高考】
(2013·山东高考)There is no simple answer，________ is often the case in science.
A．as B．that
C．when D．where
【解析】句意：没有简单的答案，在科学上情况通常是这样。

因句中有逗号，其后面的句子中无连词引导，可判断是定语从句。

本句的先行词是空格前的整个句子，有此用法的是 as。

as在句中意为“正如，正像”。

“as is often the case”常被看作是一个固定搭配，意为“情况通常是这样”，符合句意。

that不能引导非限制性定语从句，when的先行词在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，where的先行词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故B、C、D三项都不符合句意，应被排除。

【答案】 A
用as，which填空
①He passed the exam，________ surprised us a lot.
②He passed the exam，________ we had expected.
③________ was reported，ten people were badly injured in the accident.
【答案】①which②as③As
Period ⅢLearning about Language
(教师用书独具)
●教学目标
(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。

(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。

(3)通过对语法的复习让学生能够理解并能够运用本单元的语法知识：现在完成进行时。

●教学地位
语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。

让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。

(教师用书独具)
●新课导入建议
通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。

●教学流程设计
老师检查上节课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。

⇒让学生就“互动探究”(见学案第82页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。

⇒让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。

⇓老师对语法部分给以点拨。

让学生掌握本单元语法知识。

⇐让学生讨论完成“语法精析”部分(见学案第83页)并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。

⇐老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。

⇓
让学生完成“当堂双基达标”(见学案第84页)。

⇒师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地方给出详解。

⇒自我评估(见学案第85页)。

⇓
布置作业。

让学生完成课本第40页2、3 题，预习学案Period Ⅳ (见学案第85页)。

1．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
His university was aware of the significance of his work.(教材P40)
他所在的大学知道到他的工作的重要性。

大学生打工的意义不仅在于钱。

The factory set up the year before is of great significance to this area's economy.前年建起的这个工厂对这个地区的经济有着重大的意义。

①the significance of...……的重要性/含义
be of (great) significance 有(重大)意义/(非常)重要
be of no significance 无意义/不重要
be of little significance 不太重要
②significant adj.重大的；重要的；显著的
③significantly adv.有重大意义地；显著地；明显地；
有某种意义
It is significant that girls generally do better in examinations than boys.
很明显，女生的考试成绩一般比男生的好。

Significantly，he did not deny that there might be an election.值得注意的是，他没有否认可能举行选举。

【教师备课资源】
of＋抽象名词相当于抽象名词对应的形容词，即：be of significance＝be significant，如：
be of importance＝be important
be of use＝be useful
be of value＝be valuable
用significance的适当形式填空
①The two sets of figures are not________different.
②It is________that he changed his will only days before his death.
③The new drug has great________for the treatment of the disease.
【答案】①significantly②significant③significance
完成句子
④______________ (有什么意义) of the speech?
⑤The new drug ________________(意义重大) for the treatment of the disease.
⑥It's a decision ________________ (具有重大政治意义)．
【答案】④What's the significance⑤has great significance/is of great significance⑥of great political significance 2. somehow adv.不知怎么地；以某种方式
Somehow he cycled thirty miles to Dr.Black...(教材P40)
不知怎么地，他骑车30英里去了布莱克医生家……
Somehow，I don't feel I can trust him.
不知什么原因，我觉得我不能信任他。

We'll get there somehow.我们得设法到那里。

【提示】副词somehow可置于句首、句中或句末。

置于句首及句末时，也可与主句之间用逗号隔开。

someway＝somehow以某种方式；不知怎么地
somewhat adv.稍微；有点儿
anyhow＝anyway无论如何；尽管，即使这样
The water was very cold but I took a shower anyway.
水很冷，不过我还是洗了个淋浴。

Anyhow I must finish this job today.
我今天无论如何要完成这项工作。

This book is somewhat difficult for me.
这本书对我而言稍微困难些。

(2013·泰州高二检测)I'm sorry I didn't recognize you just now.You look different________. A．somewhat B．somehow
C．anyhow D．anyway
【解析】句意：很抱歉刚才没认出你来。

不知怎么地，你看上去不一样了。

根据句意可知答案为B项。

【答案】 B
3. be fed up with受够了，饱受，厌烦
Well，I'm fed up with all the attention...(教材P41)
噢，我厌烦了所有的关注……
I'm fed up with the job.我对这份工作极其厌烦。

People get fed up with all these traffic jams.
人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。

feed back反应；反馈
feed sb./sth.on sth.用……喂养……
feed sth.to sb./sth.喂……给……
feed on sth.(动物)以……为食，靠……活
live on sth.(人)以……为主食；靠……生活
The girl fed her dog on fish most of the time.
这个姑娘常常用鱼喂她的狗。

Cattle feed chiefly on grass.牛主要以草为食。

【教师备课资源】
表示“对……厌倦”的短语有：
be tired of
be bored with
用适当的介/副词填空
①You can feed these carrots________the rabbits.
②People here live________rice chiefly.
③Test results will be fed________to the schools.
【答案】①to②on③back
完成句子
④我对站在这么长的队伍中感到厌烦。

I ____________ in such a long line.
⑤我对你的说辞已经听厌了。

I ____________ your story.
【答案】④am fed up with standing⑤am fed up with
观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会动词的时态的含义与用法。

①We've_been_excavating here for many years and....
②We have_found human and animal bones in those caves...
③We've_discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires.
④We've_been_finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves，...
⑤Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have_shown us，...
[自我总结]
以上句子中画线部分的时态分别为②、③、⑤句中为____________，①、④句中为______________。

______________由have/has＋been ＋动词的__________构成，表示由过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，动作可能刚刚结束，也可能继续进行下去。

【答案】现在完成时；现在完成进行时；现在完成进行时；现在分词
动词的时态
1．表示现阶段经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，用一般现在时，常与always，usually，often，sometimes，every week(day，year，month...)，once a week，on Sundays等表示频度的副词或词组连用。

此外，表示客观真理、科学事实及格言等方面的情况，也要使用一般现在时。

Why are you always so mean?
你为什么总是这么小气？(经常性情况)
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。

(格言)
2．表示某个动作或某个时间之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用完成时态。

现在之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用现在完成时；过去某个动作或时间之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用过去完成时；将来某个动作或时间之前发生的情况或存在的状态，用将来完成时。

完成时常与“by＋时间点”(如by the end of this month)、“for＋时间段”(如for two years)或“since＋时间点”(如since 2005)等时间状语连用。

Have you seen her lately?
你最近见到过她吗？(现在完成时)
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus came.当公共汽车来的时候，我已在车站等了20分钟。

(过去完成时)
He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year.到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。

(将来完成时) 【提示】
①arrive，go，finish，join等终止性动词用于完成时态时，不可与表示时间段的状语连用，否则要改变句型或更换动词。

译：他们到达这里多久了？
[误]How long have they arrived here?。