完形填空解题学案 逻辑关系(1)

3.目的或 连接词有：as，as a result， 【例3】When I read these definitions, I 前文的意思是“当我阅读这些定义的时候，我就反复接触到 am repeatedly exposed to (接触) the basic 因果关系 because (of)， 基本的词汇，并学习它们如何描述事物和想法”；后文的意 words and learn how they are used to consequently，due to， 思是“我可以用英语更轻松地表达”。可见，中间的连接词 for，now that，since，so，explain objects and ideas. 55 this, I can so…that…，such…that…，express myself more easily in English. 应表示因果关系。 B. In relation to therefore，thus等。这些 55. A. According to C. In addition to D. Because of 连接词也是帮助理解行 文思路的有用信号。
释说 明关 等，表明下文将对上文 系 作进一步的解释说明。 many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 一 51 , revising. 51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words
Self observation
借助“逻辑关系”手段，推导主旨脉络 我们知道：汉语重意合，英语重形合。英语的语 篇非常追求逻辑的严谨，而逻辑严谨的达成主要通过 使用众多的连接词来实现。英语语篇中常见的逻辑关 系有以下七种： 1)平行或递进关系； 2)转折关系； 3)目的或因果关系； 4)层次或顺序关系； 5)例举关系； 6)解释说明关系； 7)归纳总结关系。 在做完形填空题时，要学会分析“逻辑关系”， 推导脉络与主旨。
被revising包含在内，所以连接词应表示进一步解释说明 6.解 连接词有：in other 【例 6】What is the purpose of the dress 的关系。 rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that words，namely，that is
从语义上判断，so在这里表示总结：诺贝尔得 “死”过一 次，才能认识到人生的真谛。所以副词应选择basically (基本上，从根本上说)。
Self development
练习
属于哪种“逻辑关系”？
1) I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. 36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for
7.归 连接词有：as a result，so， 纳总 briefly，in a word，in brief，in short，on the whole，to sum up 结 等。这些词Nobel had to die before he realized what his 1ife was really about. 30. A. generally B. basically C. usually D. certainly
系 on the contrary，otherwise，to the opposite，while，yet等。这 些连接词表明下文讲述的将是 相反的或全新的内容或观点， 需要格外注意。此时应放慢阅 读速度，多留心上下文在意义 上的转变。 as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. 56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore
分类 1. 平 行或 递进 关系
well (as)，likewise，similarly， home from Jenny’s house, she wasn’t at the same time，both…and…， nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. 36 __, it was only a 15besides，furthermore，in addition (to)，moreover，worse minute ride home. 36. A. However B. Besides still等。这些连接词表明下文 D. Otherwise 将出现与前面同类性质的内容， C. Therefore 或是对前面内容的进一步阐述。 文段的意思是“修改并不仅仅是你即将完成一件任
II. 根据逻辑关系和划线部分提示语，推导出一个正确的 单词并填写在空格中。 late 例：He is ___________ for class, because he is stuck in the traffic jam. school 1. Mr. Brown is a teacher; he works in the _________. night 2. KFC staff work not only in the day, but also during the _______. no 3. It is so urgent that he has __________ time to explain more. slipped 4. Linda ________________ and fell down the stairs because the floor was wet. treasure / cherish / value 5. Time is very valuable. We must _________________our time.
完形填空解题策略---借助“逻辑关系”手段， 推导主旨脉络
Warming up exercises
-------TIME IS UP!-------
I. 请根据前后的类比关系在空格中拼写出一个单词。 countryside 例：Skyscrapers are to cities as fields are to _____________. universe (宇宙) as sand grains are to beach. 1. Stars are to ________________ gloves (手套) 2. Hat is to head as _______________________ are to hands. 3. Panda is to China as Kangaroo is to __________________. Australia ocean (海洋) 4. Water is to _______________________as earth is to land. passengers (乘客) 5. Shops are to customers as planes are to _________________.
转折关系
2) Have I given my readers all of the 63 , that is, facts, opinions, inferences - that they need in order to understand my main idea? 63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints
开头说到服务学习有很多好处，然后列举了三种好处。表示 4. 层次、 连接词有： after (that)， 【例 4】Supporters claimalso that there are 层次的信息词 most importantly （最重要的是）， many benefits of service learning. Perhaps 顺序关系 another，before，first （也），可知空格应选 finally（最后）来引出最后一个好处。 (1y)，second(1y)， most importantly，students are forced to
seem a natural part. . . For instance, Llovd Webber 53 some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds. adding (增加)、deleting (删除 )、 replacing 替换)、 53. A. rewrote B. ( released reordering (重新排序)都是C. revising )的下义词，即 recorded (修改 D. reserved 将给出具体的例子。
third(1y). at last，finally. 1ater on，next，then，on the one hand等。通过它 们能迅速理清文章的基 本脉络。 think…the needs of others. Students are also able to learn. . . working as part of a team. 45 , students can explore possible careers through service learning. 45. A. Gradually B. Finally C. Luckily D. Hopefully
由前文“她并不怕黑”和后文“这仅仅只是15分 连接词有： and，or，also，as 【例l】When Alice started to cycle 钟的车程”可知，前后文表示递进的关系
释义
练习
务时草草的收尾；相反，它是创作过程的一个关键 步骤，而且作家在这个过程中都在不停地修改”， 2. 转 连接词有：although，but， 【例2】 Revision is not just an 后一句完全推翻了前一句的意思。 however，instead，nevertheless，afterthought that gets only as much time 折关
前文阐明观点“即使是最有天份的艺术家、音乐家、作家，他 5. 例 连接词有：for example， 【例 5】 The first attempt of even the most 们的第一件作品也很少是杰作 … 修改看起来像一个非常自然的 talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom 举关 for instance，for one 过程”，中间有连接词 For instance，表明后文将举例说明， thing，for another，such a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as 系 所以正解应与 revising意义相近。 as等。这些词表明下文 dress rehearsals (彩排), of tryouts, revising will