湖南省茶陵县第三中学译林牛津版高一英语必修3学案：U

主谓一致
【概念】主谓一致：指主语和谓语之间在“人称”和“数”方面的一致。

又叫主动一致。

1．语法一致原则：
1)He is an honest man.他是个诚实的人。

2)He was a doctor when he was young.他年轻时当过医生。

3)You are just the man I want.你正是我要找的人。

4)I took a quick glance at the house and noticed it was very old.我瞥了一
眼房子，注意到房子已很古旧了。

5)I figure you people are pretty well fixed. 我估计你们这些人的境遇都很不
错。

6)He will buy back his property.他将赎回自己的财产。

2．意义一致原则
1)Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.
2)Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register(现金出纳机).
3)The family is a happy one.那是个幸福的家庭。

4)My family are all tall.我的家人个子都很高大。

3．就近原则
1)Not only Henry but also his friends were unequivocally apposed to the
compromise.不仅亨利还有他的朋友们都反对这种妥协。

2)Either my brother or his friends are going. 要么是我弟弟，要么是他的朋友
们要去。

3)Neither the girls nor John is to blame. 既不怨姑娘们，也不怨约翰。

4)Cash or bills are accepted here in this store. 本店既接受现款又接受支票。

4．就远原则
1)The man with his daughters and sons is watching TV.
2)The girls together with the teacher are dancing.
【考点示例】
1. － Did you go to the show last night?
－ Yeah. Every boy and every girl in the area______ invited【2008陕西卷】
A. were
B. have been
C. has been
D. was
考点一：两个或两个以上的主语用and连接谓语动词应该用复数，但在以下情况下谓语动词必须用单数：1. 若表示一个集合体；2. 两个名词若被 no, each, every,many a 修饰。

2. The teacher together with the students ________discussing Reading Skills that ________ newly published in America.【2009四川卷】
A. are; were
B. is; were
C. are; was
D. is; was
考点二：主语后有as well as, like, with, together with, along with, but,except, besides 等短语，谓语应与前面主语保持一致。

3. Either you or one of your students ________to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.【2009湖南卷】
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. be
考点三：以连词or, either…or , neither … nor, not only…but also 连接的复合主语和 there be 句型中的主语，其谓语与其相邻的那个主语的数保持一致。

4. His “selected Poems” ________first published in 196
5.
A. were
B. was
C. has been
D. have been
考点四：以-ics 结尾的学科名词，如mathematics,politics, physics, statistics (统计学) 等，形式上为
复数，实际为单数，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

另外：复数名词用作书，电影、戏剧、报刊、国家等名称时，谓语动词用单数。

5. His family________ all football fans.
A. is
B. has been
C. are being
D. are
考点五：一些集体名词做主语，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的成员，谓语用复数。

但 people(人们), police, cattle 等只能用复数，它们的单数只能分别是a person,a policeman, a head of cattle。

6. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________caused hearing loss in some
teenagers.【2010湖南卷】
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
考点六：当动名词短语、不定式短语和从句用作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

7. It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area. 【2010陕西】
A. are being built
B. were being built
C. was being built
D. is being built
考点七：many a / more than one 后只能用修饰单数可数名词，其作主语谓语动词只能是单数形式。

8. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ________ evening dress.【2010全国II卷】
A. wear
B. wears
C. has worn
D. have worn
考点八：who, which, that 作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词: one of +复数名词+ whom/which/that + 复数谓语动词; 但：the only one of +复数名词+
whom/which/that + 单数谓语动词
【配套练习】选择正确答案：
1. Miss Huang together with her friends ________shopping every Sunday evening.
A. go
B. went
C. going
D. goes
2. The nations of Western Europe________worth learning from.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
3. – How many students are there in your class?
-- ________ the students in our class ________over fifty.
A. The number of; is
B. The number of; are
C. A number of; is
D. A number of; are
4. There ________ some foreign visitors talking a walk in the park.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
5. Everyone except Tom and John ________ there when the meeting began.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
6. Each of the students ________ a dictionary.
A. have
B. has
C. is
D. are
7. The bread and the butter________ their main food.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. Have
8. The Greens ________France since the spring of 1990.
A. have been to
B. have been in
C. has been to
D. had been in
9. – How many teachers are there in your school?
-- About 150. One third of them________ men teachers.
A. have
B. has
C. are
D. is
10. When and where to go for the holiday ________yet.
A. have not been decided
B. is not decided
C. are not decided
D. has not been decided
11. Not only the student but also Mr. Smiths ________tired of having one examination.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
12. My brother asked me ten questions. The first five were easy, but the rest
________difficult.
A. were
B. are
C. was
D. is
13. The poor ________happy; but the rich ________sad.
A. is; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. are; is
14. Gone with the wind ________very great.
A. have
B. has
C. are
D. is
15. Each boy and each girl________ hard for three years.
A. are working
B. has worked
C. is working
D. have worked
16. Many a man________had that kind of experience.
A. have
B. has
C. is
D. are
17. No food and no water ________in the house.
A. is
B. has
C. are
D. have
18. John and his uncle ________going hiking tomorrow.
A. be
B. am
C. is
D. are
19. Either my friends or I________going to the library on Monday.
A. is
B. be
C. am
D. are
20. To save time ________to lengthen life.
A. are
B. was
C. were
D. is
21. There ________a football match and two table tennis matches between Class Eight
next week.
A. will have
B. has
C. is going to be
D. are gone to be
22. Chinese sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ________ Good will Ambassadors for
Shanghai.
A. were named
B. have named
B. was named D. has named
23. On the east of the river ________ three buildings.
A. lies
B. stands
C. stand
D. are standing
24. Xiao Dong is one of the best students in his class who ________by their teacher.
A. praises
B. is praised
C. praise
D. are praised
25. Swimming in the pool with the children ________ very interesting.
A. has
B. have
C. is
D. are
26. John with his uncle ________ going hiking tomorrow.
A. be
B. am
C. is
D. are
27. Jimmy’s family ________a large one. The whole family ________ watching TV.
A. is; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. are; is
28. In our city ________of the people ________to Han Nationality.
A. three fifths, belong
B. three fifth; belong
C. three fifths; belongs
D. three fifth; belongs
29. More than one idea ________put up with at the class meeting.
A. have
B. has
C. has been
D. have been
30. Whether you will learn English well or not ________ your hard work.
A. depend on
B. depend
C. depends
D. depends on
31. With the help of people the number of pandas ________ mere and more.
A. is getting
B. are getting
C. got
D. hasn’t got
32. ________politics difficult for you to learn.
A. Are
B. Do
C. Does
D. Is
33. Neither Wei Hua nor his brother ______ a few cities in the south since they were
20 years old.
A. will visit
B. has visited
C. have visited
D. visited
34. The singer and dancer ________ yet.
A. don’t come
B. didn’t come
C. haven’t come
D. hasn’t come 【高考链接】选择正确答案：
1.One third of the country________covered with trees and the majority of the citizens________black people.
A. is; are
B. is; is
C. are; are
D. are; is
2.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which________saved for other purposes.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
3.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ rising steadily since 1990.
A.is
B.are
C.has been
D.have been
4.—Why does the lake smell terrible？—Because large quantities of water________ .
A.have polluted
B.is being polluted
C.has been polluted
D.have been polluted
5. Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ________visit Beijing this summer.
A.is going to
B.are going to
C.was going to
D.were going to
6. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _____ yet.
A. hasn’t been decided
B. haven’t decided
C. isn’t being decided
D. aren’t decided
7. A survey of the opinions of experts ________that three hours of outdoor exercise
a week________good for one’s health.
A. show; are
B. shows; is
C. show; is
D. shows; are
8. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year, which ________ a burden for some of them.
A. are；is
B. are；are
C. is；are
D. is；is
9.Generally, students inner motivation with high expectations from others________ essential to their development.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
10. All the scientific evidence________that the increasing use of chemicals in farming ________damaging our health.
A. show; are
B. shows; are
C. show; is
D. shows; is。