李梦钊6.16

学生姓名李梦钊年级高二授课时间6.16. 教师姓名总课时第__次课教学目标学习必修第二单元词汇，复习非谓语动词充当主语、宾语、表语重点难点非谓语动词充当同一语法功能的异同Teaching procedures一、检查课后作业1.检查语法作业2.检查朗读第一单元课文二、学习第二单元词汇三、复习非谓语动词非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的种类在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）二、时态语态不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化.不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式To do To be done 动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式To be doing 与谓语动作同时发生完成式To have done To have been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doing Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having done Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前不定式一般式：动作与谓语动作同时发生或之后发生。

如：We were overjoyed to hear the news.They invited us to go there this summer.完成式：动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

如：I am sorry to have kept you waiting.进行式：不定式表示的动作或状态与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

如：He pretended to be working very hard.动名词一般式：表示动名词动作与谓语动词同时或之后发生。

如：We know that driving without a seat belt is unsafe.He dreams of becoming a pilot.完成式：表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。

如：I still remember having been taken to the zoo for the first time.He was praised for having done a good deed.现在分词一般式：分词动作与谓语动作同时发生。

如：Seeing nobody there,he turned off the light.完成式：分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。

如：Having been surrounded for a month,the enemy had to give in.被动语态It’s an honor for me to be asked to speak here.He asked who was the man being operated on.I have no idea of their having done such a thing.三、句法功能非谓语动词可以充当除谓语以外的各种句子功能（主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语）非谓语动词句法功能的区别一、不定式、动名词作主语、表语的区别主语：1、动名词---- 表示抽象的一般行为；2、不定式---- 表示具体的一时一事，特别是未来的行为动作；Selling insurance is a pretty boring job. (推销保险是件十分令人厌烦的工作。

）Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language. (学习外语朗读很重要。

)To ignore his advice would be a mistake.（忽视他的劝告是错误的。

）To know her is to like her.（一旦熟悉了她，就会喜她。

）表语：1、动名词----说明主语的内容，表示抽象的一般行为；2、不定式----说明主语的内容，表示特定的、具体某次动作或将来发生的动作；Reading is learning, but applying is also learning and the more important kind of learning.(读书是学习，使用也是学习，而且是更重要的学习。

)Their job is building houses. (他们的工作是盖房子。

)Their work is to build another bridge across the river.(他们的工作是在那条河上再架一座桥。

) 练习1.这里禁止抽烟。

2.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。

3.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。

4.最好把真实情况告诉他。

5.节约时间就等于延长了生命。

6.散步对老年人和年轻人都是一种很好的锻炼方式。

7.最好不要告诉她这个消息。

8. 我的建议是立刻开始干。

9. 他的爱好是集邮。

Key:1. Smoking is prohibited here．2.It is not very good for you to smoke so much．3.Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．4.It would be best to tell him the truth.5.Saving time is lengthening life.6.Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.7.It would be best not to tell her the news.8.What I would suggest is to start work at once.9. His hobby is collecting stamps．2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．一次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。

(2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。

Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。

His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。

(3) 现在分词作表语：一般表主动或主语的性质和特征。

含有“令人⋯⋯”的意思。

主语多数情况下是物.过去分词作表语：一般表被动或主语所处的状态。

含有“感到⋯⋯”的意思。

主语多数情况下是人。

作表语用的分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。

常见的原以下：现在分词：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting,inspiring, boring,surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing,missing, promissing过去分词：interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, frighten, excited, inspired, pleased, satisfied, tired, worried, completed, delighted, hurt, married, crowded。

The news sounds encouraging.这个消息听起来令人鼓舞。

How did the audience receive the new play?观众对这个新剧反映如何？They got very excited.他们非常激动。

How did Bob do in the exams this time?这次鲍伯考得怎么样？Well, his father seems pleased with his results.不错，他父亲似乎对于他的成绩感到高兴。

完成句子：1.下一步是寻找更多的信息。

The next step is __________________________________________. . 2.他的爱好是收集植物标本。

His hobby is _____________________________________. .3.问题是这件事如何付诸实践。

The question is ____________________________________.4.我想使这工作尽快完成。

What I wanted was ___________________________________.5.照相机的主要用途是拍照片。

The main purpose of a camera is _________________________.6. A. Everybody was to hear the news. (excited, exciting )B. The news is very indeed. (excited, exciting )7 . A. The result of the test was rather . (disappointed, disappointing )B. He was very at the result of the test. (disappointed, disappointing )8 . A. What he said was very ( amused, amusing )B. I was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )Key :1.The next step is to get/find/search for more information.2.His hobby is gathering plant samples.3.The question is how to put it into practice.4.What I wanted was to get the work done as soon as possible.5.The main purpose of a c amera is to take /taking photos.6. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.B. The news is very exciting indeed.7 . A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.B. He was very disappointed at the result of the test.8 . A. What he said was very amusing.B. I was very amused.二、不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求要求不定式做宾语：attempt企图enable能够afford负担得起demand要求arrange安排打算expect期望appear (seem)似乎，显得agree同意love爱fail不能plan计划happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习hope希望promise承诺，允许want想要intend想要refuse 拒绝decide决定learn学习(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语Dislike 讨厌avoid避免enjoy享有，喜爱can’t help不禁mind 介意miss错过finish完成，结束imagine设法risk冒险practise 实行，实践suggest建议keep保持、忍受练习用不定式或动名词完成句子：1.这个家庭负担不起送两个孩子上大学。