定语从句与其他相似句式的区别
高中英语同位语和定语从句的区别
浅谈同位语从句和定语从句的区别从以下几个方面来谈它们的区别。
1、从句所修饰词的不同。
同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如belief , doubt , fact , hope , idea , news , possibility , thought , order , suggestion , wish , answer , information , conclusion , decision , discovery , knowledge , law , opinion , problem , promise , proof , question , report , truth , risk 等。
定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。
例如：He has told us a fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他又告诉我们一个事实，过渡饮酒对健康有害。
(同位语从句)We have no idea that her mother was a professor ten years ago. . 我们不知道她的母亲十年前是个教授。
(同位语从句)This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。
（定语从句）I will never forget the day when I joined the Party. 我将永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。
（定语从句）2. 连接词的作用不同。
连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。
whether 和how 可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。
关系代词和关系副词除了连接从句的作用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语、表语等。
引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that , which , who , whose , whom , when , where , why , as，than, but 等。
定语从句与其他相似易混结构比较
定语从句与其他相似易混结构比较
定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句，它在句中充当定语，修饰名词或代词。
例如：
The man who is standing over there is my uncle. (who是定语从句，修饰man)
The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting. (which是定语从句，修饰book)
定语从句与其他相似的易混的结构有：
同位语从句
同位语从句是一种修饰名词的从句，它在句中充当同位语，解释或补充说明名词的意义。
例如：
My dream, which is to become a scientist, will never change. (which是同位语从句，解释dream的意义)
状语从句
状语从句是一种修饰动词、形容词或其他状语的从句，它在句中充当状语，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等意义。
例如：
She will come to visit me if she has time. (if是状语从句，表示条件)
区分定语从句与其他相似结构的方法是，看修饰的名词在句中的作用。
如果修饰的名词在句中充当定语，那么这个从句就是定语从句。
如果修饰的名词在句中充当同位语，那么这个从句就是同位语从句。
如果
修饰的名词在句中充当状语，那么这个从句就是状语从句。
定语从句与其他相似结构的区别还可以通过关系词来判断。
定语从句常用关系词who、whom、whose、that、which来引导；同位语从句常用关系词that。
定语从句和其他从句的区别 (自制)
三、 定语从句与同位语从句的区别
• 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词（如belief， fact, hope, idea, problem等）的后面， 用以说明或解释前面的名词，引导同位语 从句的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中 并不作任何成份，而定语从句与它前面的 名词是所属或限定关系，引导定语从句的 that是关系代词，除了起连接作用外，还 在从句中作句子成分。如：
3. 定语从句与结果状语从句
• 【考例1】 It is such a big stone _______ no one can move. • A. which B. with C. that D. as • 【考例2】 She is such a kind and funny girl _______ all of us like to make friends with her． • A. that B. as C. which D. who
where引导地点状语从句三定语从句与同位语从句的区别同位语从句一般跟在某些名词如belieffacthopeideaproblem等的后面用以说明或解释前面的名词引导同位语从句的连词that只起连接作用在从句中并不作任何成份而定语从句与它前面的名词是所属或限定关系引导定语从句的that是关系代词除了起连接作用外还在从句中作句子成分
五、 定语从句与主语从句的区别
• 说到定语从句与主语从句的混淆，常常是 指that引导的主语从句与as引导的非限定 性定语从句的混淆，让我们先看下面的一 道单选题：
选择
As
It
As • （1）________ is known to us, China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中的国 家，这一点我们都知道。 It • （2）________ is known to us that China is a developing country. • 句（1）应选as。as为关系代词，在从句中作 主句，引导定语从句，句（2）应选It作形式 主语，代表that引导的主句从句，显然两句中 表达汉语意思一样，而仅差一个词"that"引导 的从句却不同。又如：
定语从句和同位语从句在句子中的作用区别
定语从句和同位语从句在句子中的作用区别在英语语法中，定语从句和同位语从句都是从句的一种类型，它们都在句子中充当了特定的作用。
然而，它们在作用上有一些区别。
本文将详细探讨定语从句和同位语从句在句子中的作用区别。
一、定语从句的作用定语从句用于修饰名词或代词，进一步说明或描述这个名词或代词。
它可以提供额外的信息，使句子更加具体和详细。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，这些引导词包括：that, who, whom, whose, which, when, where等。
例如：1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）2. The woman who is wearing a red dress is my sister.（穿红裙子的那个女人是我的姐姐。
）在上面的例子中，定语从句分别修饰了“book”和“woman”，进一步说明了它们的特征或身份。
二、同位语从句的作用同位语从句用于进一步解释或说明前面的名词或代词所表示的内容。
它通常跟在名词或代词后面，对前面的名词或代词进行补充说明，相当于一个同位语。
同位语从句通常由连接词“that”引导。
例如：1. The news that he won the lottery surprised everyone.（他赢得彩票的消息让每个人都感到惊讶。
）2. My belief is that hard work leads to success.（我的信念是努力工作会带来成功。
）在上述例子中，同位语从句分别对应了前面的名词“news”和“belief”，进一步解释了它们所代表的具体内容。
三、定语从句和同位语从句的区别1. 句子结构：定语从句在句子中充当修饰成分，通常放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
而同位语从句本身是对前面名词或代词的解释，其结构相对独立，常常放在名词或代词后面作进一步解释。
定语从句与易混句型的区别
A.that B.which C.in which D.when
12..We often think of the days ___we spent together on the
island.
B
A.when B.which C.in which D.during which
13. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ____I left ten years ago?
B
A.when B.which C.as D.that
21.___is natural,he married Mary.
A.It B.What C.Which D.As
_____he arrived home.
where where
四、定语从句与结果状语从句的区别
这里只讨论the same．．．as／that和such．．．as／that
两种情况）：在the same．．．as／that结构中，用as指一样
的，但不是同一个事物；用that指同一物品 。
such．．．as／that的区别在于：as引导的是定语从句，从句
A.that B./ C.which D.it
7. This is the museum ____we saw an exhibition the other
day.
C
A.that B.which C.where D.in that
8. This museum is ___you visited the other day.
A.where B.which C.that D.when
B
14. He has left Beijing, ___a meeting is to be held.
定语从句与其他句型的比较
定语从句与其他句型的比较一、定语从句和同位语从句的区别1、从意义上讲，定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的；同位语从句的作用相当于一个名词，是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。
例如：We heard the news that he had told her. 我们听到他对她说的消息。
（定语从句）We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。
（同位语从句）2、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替。
例如：1. The news (that) she heard is true. 她听到的消息是真的。
2. The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将出国这消息是真的。
3、引导词的区别：由how、whether、if、what可以引导的同位语从句，不可以引导定语从句1) The question whether we need it has not been considered.2) I have no idea what have happened to him.3、由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词，但它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位。
例如：1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.2. I have no idea when she will be back.3. This is the house where I lived two years ago.4. The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't decided.例1、3中的when和where引导的是定语从句，day 和house 分别表示时间和地点；例2、4中的when 和where引导的是同位语从句。
高三英语：定语从句和同位语从句的区分及其化简
定语从句和同位语从句的区分一、从结构上区分：that是否做成分。
定语从句的结构是：“名词+that+不完整的句子”同位语从句的结构是：“名词+that+完整的陈述句”例如：1.The fact that we talked about is very important.他们讨论的这个情况很重要。
句中that做talked about的宾语，故为定语从句。
2.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他的实验成功了，这让大家都很高兴。
句中that不充当成分，因为he succeeded in the experiment是一个完整的句子，故为同位语从句。
二、从意义上区分，that引导的从句的意义不同。
定语从句相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰或限制的作用。
同位语从句相当于一个名词，对其前面名词内容的具体表述，是同位关系。
例如：1.The news that you heard is not true.定语从句that you heard并不是news的内容，只是起到限制news所指的范围。
2.The news that he was murdered at a theater is true. 句中同位语表示news的具体内容与news构成同位关系。
定语从句的化简一、限制性定语从句可化简为分词短语。
在限制性定语从句中，若关系代词为主语该定语从句可化简为分词短语。
规则如下：1）、删除关系代词2）、之后动词变成现在分词若是be动词，省略be动词。
例如：1.The girl who danced here yesterday is my sister.→The girl who danced here yesterday is my sister.→The girl dancing her yesterday is my sister.2.Who is the boy that is standing over there?→Who is the boy that is standing over there?→Who is that boy standing over there?二．非限制性定语从句可化简为先行词的同位语当非限制性定语从句为who/which + be+名词，结构时可化简为先行词的同位语，规则如下：1）、删除who或which,再将be动词省略即可例如：1.I met John, who is a good friend of mine.→I met John, who is a good friend of mine.→I met John, a good friend of mine.我遇到了约翰，他是我的好朋友。
如何区别定语从句与同位语从句
如何区别定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句和同位语从句有一些区别，可以从以下几个方面进行区分：
1.位置：定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词之后，而同位语从句通常
紧跟在所解释的名词或名词性短语之后。
例句：
- 同位语从句：Her hope, that she would pass the exam, motivated her to study hard.（她希望通过考试，这激励她努力学习。
）
2.释义关系：定语从句是为了对被修饰名词进行限定、修饰或描述，
起到修饰定语的作用；同位语从句是对所解释名词的解释、说明或进一步
阐述。
例句：
- 定语从句：The movie that I watched last night was very exciting.（昨天晚上我看的电影非常刺激。
）
- 同位语从句：The fact that he passed the exam surprised everyone.（他通过考试的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。
）
3.引导词：定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词引导，而同位语从句
一般由“that” 引导。
例句：
- 定语从句：The girl who is standing over there is my sister.（正在那边站着的女孩是我妹妹。
）
- 同位语从句：The news that he won first prize made me happy.（他获得一等奖的消息让我很开心。
）
综上所述，通过定语从句和同位语从句的位置、释义关系和引导词等方面的区分，可以准确判断两者之间的区别。
如何区分定语从句与其他句型_石晓娜
如何区分定语从句与其他句型重点定语从句是高考的重点，同学们在学习中常将它与以下四种句型混淆。
一、定语从句与同位语从句that既能引导同位语从句，又能引导定语从句。
这两种从句在形式上和结构上都特别相似，同学们该如何区分呢？同位语从句一般跟在名词fact，news，promise，truth，belief，thought，idea，answer，information，doubt，suggestion等后面，用以说明或解释前面的名词。
定语从句与同位语从句的不同之处：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容，定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。
引导同位语从句的that只是一个连词，不充当任何成分，不可省略，也不能用which替换；引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词，又在从句中充当成分，在作宾语时常可省略，有时也可以和关系代词which替换。
A.This is the news that Li Ming told me.这是李明告诉我的消息。
B.We have heard the news that our team had won.我们已经听到那则消息，我们队已经获胜。
分析：A句中，that Li Ming told me是对先行词进行限定、修饰的，即李明告诉我的消息，that作told 的宾语，可以省略，也可用which替换，所以A句为定语从句。
B句中，that our team had won说的是消息的内容，是对消息进行解释说明，而不是修饰限定，that不能省略，也不能用which来替换，所以B句为同位语从句。
巩固练习：1.The news_____another power station will be built cheered all the villagers.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whatever2.The fact_____surprised me is that he is not Chi-nese.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.how参考答案：1.B 2.B解析：句1的从句中句子成分完整，说的是先行词的内容，因此是同位语从句，填入连词that。
高三英语如何区分定语从句和其它句型
A. which; that B. as ; as C. as ;that D. that; as
五. 定语从句与习惯句型
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
that 1.It is the first time ______ she has been in Shanghai. when 2.It was the time _______ Chinese people had a hard life.
定语从句与易 混句型巧区分
定语从句（The attributive Clause）
定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。因 此，同学们有必要全面弄清其用法。定语从句从句 型上讲，它与下面句式相似，十分容易混淆。为了 帮助同学们分清定语从句与这些句型的差异，现将 其分类例析如下。 一. 定语从句与并列句 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
练习：There are 56 students in our class, most of ____are girls. B
A. which B. whom C. them D. that
七. 定语从句与名词从句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 1.The news ______came from the front was true. that
With her. 对比下面两个句子： He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect. He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him.
as 练习：It is such a good place _____ everybody wants that to visit _____ it is well-known all over the world.
定语从句与类似句型结构的辨析4.18
定语从句与类似句型结构的辨析定语从句是英语中常用的句型之一，也是英语语法教学和学习的重点。
所谓定语从句，是用一个句子(从句)来修饰主句中的名词或代词(一般在主句中充当主语或宾语)。
但在实际运用中，许多学生常常将其与其它类似句型结构混淆，导致出错频频。
针对这一现象，笔者根据自己的教学经验，在此对其作一辨析，希望能对英语学习者有所帮助。
一、定语从句与简单句用一个恰当的词完成句子(下文横线处要求相同，故略)：①He tried to use a new way to solve this problem，________ didn't work.②He tried to use a new way to solve this problem. ________ didn't help.辨析：含定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别为：前者是复合句，主从句间需用关系词连接；而后者是两个独立的句子，不需任何关系词连接。
①题两个句子间用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然是主从句关系，且为非限制性定语从句，需用关系代词which；②题中句号分隔两个句子，第二个句子中用It指代前一个句子。
可见，标点符号是区分这类句子的切入点。
二、定语从句与并列句①I have three brothers，none of ________ is a teacher.②I have three brothers，but none of ________ is a teacher.③I have three brothers；________are teachers.辨析：定语从句与并列句的主要区别为：定语从句一般都是用关系代词或关系副词引起，而并列句用but，so，and等表示转折、因果、并列关系的连词或分号连接。
因此①题是非限制性定语从句，用关系代词whom引导，被修饰的先行词brothers在从句中作of的宾语；②题有转折连词but，是并列句，要用代词them；③题是用分号连接的并列分句，后一句缺主语，可用none或they。
定语从句与其他句型的区别
定语从句和同位语从句的三大区别在考研英语的文章中，同位语从句和定语从句都放在被修饰词的后边，从形式上来看，它们十分相似，很多同学搞不清楚涉及到定语从句和同位语从句的相关知识点。
为了减少大家在读文章时的相关障碍，老师现就同位语从句和定语从句的相关区别给大家做一个讲解。
（一）连接词作用不同。
以that为例，连接定语从句的that一定会在从句中充当一定的成分；而连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。
whether 和 how 可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。
关系代词和关系副词除了连接从句的作用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语、表语等。
引导定语从句的连接词是关系词，常见的关系代词和关系副词有that , which , who , whose , whom , when , where , why , as，than, but等The fact that we talked about is very important.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.（二）先行词不同。
定语从句先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。
相当于形容词。
The moon is a satellite that goes round the earth.The few points that the president stressed in his report are very important.同位语从句进一步说明的是具有抽象概念的词，其作用相当于名词，对前面的名词进行补充说明。
如fact, result, discovery，belief , doubt , fact , hope , idea , news , possibility , thought , order , sugges tion , wish , answer , information , conclusion , decision , discovery , knowled ge , law , opinion , problem , promise , proof , question , report , truth , risk 等等。
定语从句与其他相似句式的区别点
考点十一、定从与其他相似句式区别 (二) 定从与并列句的区别
1.There are 50 students，and half of t_h_e_m_____passed the exam.
2.There are 50 students，half of __w_h_o__m__passed the exam.
（定语从句）
first met 16 years ago.
Thank you very much !
3.__W__h_a_t__is well known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun.
考点十一、定从与其他相似句式区别 (四) 定从与同位语从句的区别
1. I am glad at the news_t_h_a_t_/w_h__ic_h_he
考点十一、定从与其他相似句式区别
(三) 定从与主语从句的区别
1.__A_s_____is well known to us, all the earth goes around the sun.
2.___I_t____is well known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.
考点十一、定从与其他相似句式区别 (一) 定从与非谓语动词的区别
1.The accident happened，_c__a_u_s_i_n_g (cause) many deaths.
2.The accident happened，_w__h_i_c_h__ caused many deaths.
told me.
（定语从句）
2. I am glad at the news__t_h_a_t__his son won first prize. （同位语从句）
定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分
定语从句与六种易混句型巧划分一、定语从句定语从句which / that /who / whose / whom / as / when / where / whybank which / that was opened last week is a very modern one. architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.island, which is at the mouth of the river, is being developed as a scenic spot.son, who is a surgeon, is now in Swedenas a visiting scholar. man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.room in which my family live used to be a garage.is the book ( which / that ) I referred to in my talk.is a teacher ( whom / that ) we all have high respect for.1.This is the best film that has ever been made.2.The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.3.The only furniture that he had in the room was a bed anda small desk.4. That is all that I want to say./ Is there anythingthat I can do for you?5.They talked about persons and things that theyremembered in the school.6.Is there any book that I can refer to?7.Who is the girl that is standing at the school gate?Which is the book that you want to borrow?hero whose left leg he lost in the war is well looked after.the hill were maple trees whose leaves had turned red.On the hill were maple trees the leaves of which had turned red.On the hill were maple trees of which the leaves had turned red.He is a teacher, as / which is clear from his manner.As is natural, she married an American businessman.He used such expressions as he could find in the texts. They stayed for the night in the same room as / that they had once rented.I still remember the day when / on which we first met.We will never forget the day which we spent together.We will never forger the day when we worked together.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.I like to take my vacation in the mountain, which is quiet and beautiful.I like to take my vacation in the mountain, where thereare many plants.This is the reason why / for which he left the company.This is the reason which he gave us for his action.This is the reason why he did that thing.二、定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相像，十分简单混杂。
(完整版)定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分
定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句定语从句which / that /who / whose / whom / as / when / where / why1.That bank which / that was opened last week is a very modern one.2.An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.1.The island, which is at the mouth of the river, is being developed asa scenic spot.2.My son, who is a surgeon, is now in Sweden as a visiting scholar.3.The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.4.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.1.That is the book ( which / that ) I referred to in my talk.2.He is a teacher ( whom / that ) we all have high respect for.1.This is the best film that has ever been made.2.The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.3.The only furniture that he had in the room was a bed and a smalldesk.4.That is all that I want to say. / Is there anything that I cando for you?5.They talked about persons and things that they remembered inthe school.6.Is there any book that I can refer to?7.Who is the girl that is standing at the school gate?Which is the book that you want to borrow?1.The hero whose left leg he lost in the war is well looked after.2.On the hill were maple trees whose leaves had turned red.On the hill were maple trees the leaves of which had turned red. On the hill were maple trees of which the leaves had turned red.He is a teacher, as / which is clear from his manner.As is natural, she married an American businessman.He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.They stayed for the night in the same room as / that they had once rented.I still remember the day when / on which we first met.We will never forget the day which we spent together.We will never forger the day when we worked together.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.I like to take my vacation in the mountain, which is quiet and beautiful.I like to take my vacation in the mountain, where there are many plants.This is the reason why / for which he left the company.This is the reason which he gave us for his action.This is the reason why he did that thing.二、定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。
几分相似,几多愁——定语从句与其它句式辨析
Ｓｈ ｏ ｇ ｔ ｗｉｈ ｅ ｔ ｅ ｆ ｅ ｄｓ ｂ ｔ ｅ ｂｒ ｕ ｈ ｔ ｈ ｒ ｈｒ ｅ ｆ ｎ ， ｕ ｉ
１ Ｓ ｅ ｂ ｏ ｇ ｔ ｗｉ ｈ ｒ ｔｒｅ ｒ ｎ ｓ ） ｈ ｒｕ ｈ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｈ ｅ ｆ ｅ ｄ ， ｉ
ｎ ｎ ｆｗｈ ｍ ａ ｖ ｒｍｅ ｅ ｏ ｅ ｏ ｅ ｏ ｏ Ｉｈ ｄ ｅ ｅ ｔｂ ｆ ｒ ．
分 析 ： ）ｓ引 导非 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 ； ） １ａ ２ ｔａ 引 导 主语 从 句 ； ） ｈ ｔ 导 主 语 从 句 ， ｈｔ ３ｗ ａ 引 ｔａ 引 导 表 语 从 句 。 ｈｔ 相 似 句 式 Ｉ ： 关 系 副 词 引 导 的 定 语 从 Ｉ Ｉ 旬 与状语 从 句及 名词 性 从旬 的差 别及 互换
Ｍｏ ｎ ｕ ｉ ｕ ｈ ｎ ａｔａ ｔｖ ａ ｅ ｕ ｔ Ｗ ｙｉ ｓ ｓ ｃ ａ ｔｒ ｃ ｉ ｅ ｐｌｃ
ｏ ｎ ｅ ｅ ｔ ｆｉｔ ｒ ｓ
一
ｅｅｙ ｎ ｋ ｓ ｏｖ ｉ （８ ｖｒｏ ｅｌ ｅ ｉｔ ０ ｉ ｔ ｓ．
Ｂ．ａ ｓ Ｃ．ｗｈｉｈ ｃ Ｄ．ｗｈａ ｔ
ｓ ｕ ｄ ｇ ｔｗｅｌｐｒ ｐａ ｅ ｏ ｈ ｉ ｕ ｕ ｅ ｈｏ ｌ ｅ ｌ ｅ ｒ ｄ ｆｒｔ ｅｒｆ ｔ ｒ ．
２ Ｔ ａ ｔｅ ｈ ｕｄ ｇｔｗ ｌ ｐｅ ａｅ ） ｈ ｔ ｈ ｙ ｓｏ ｌ ｅ ｅｌ ｒｐ ｒｄ
ｆ ｒｔ ｅ ｒｆ ｔ ｒ ｓｏ ｖ ｏ ｓｔ ｈ ｔ ｄ ｎ ｓ ０ ｈ ｉ ｕ ｕ ｅ ｉ ｂ ｉ ｕ ｏ ｔ ｅ ｓｕ ｅ ｔ ． ３） Ｗ ｈａ ｉ ｏ ｖ ｏ ｓ ｏ ｈ ｓｕ ｅ ｔ ｉ ｔ ｓ ｂ ｉ ｕ ｔ ｔ ｅ ｔ ｄ ｎ ｓ ｓ ｔ ｔｔ ｅ ｈ ｕ ｄ ｇ ｔｗｅ ｌｐ ｅ ａ ｅ ｏ ｈｅｒｆ — ｈａ ｈ ｙ ｓ ｏ ｌ ｅ ｌ ｒ ｐ ｒ ｄ ｆ ｒｔ ｉ ｕ
定语从句与同位语从句的异同点
定语从句与同位语从句的异同点1. 定语从句是用来修饰先行词的，就像给它穿上一件合适的衣服，比如“She is the girl who I met yesterday”，这里“who I met yesterday”就是定语从句修饰“the girl”；而同位语从句则是对先行词进行解释说明，好像是给它贴上一个详细的标签，像“That he wille is certain”，“that he wille”就是同位语从句解释“certain”呀！2. 定语从句中的关系词在从句中是要充当成分的，你想想“ The book that I bought is interesting”，“that”在从句里作宾语呢；但同位语从句的连接词一般不充当成分呀，就像“ The news that he told me is true”里“that”就没具体作用嘛，这不是很不一样吗？3. 哎呀，定语从句可以把先行词限定得更具体，好比“ The man who is standing there is my father”，明确指出是站在那的男人；同位语从句却像是对先行词的内涵进行深挖，例如“ The fact that the earth is round is known to all”，是在说地球是圆的这个事实呢，是不是挺神奇？4. 你看，在定语从句里，先行词可以是各种名词，像“ The place where we met last time”里的“place”；而同位语从句的先行词通常是一些表示抽象概念的名词，像“idea”“fact”之类的，这区别还不大吗？5. 定语从句是对先行词的一种修饰包装，就像给礼物包上漂亮的彩纸，比如“ The car which he bought yesterday is very expensive”；同位语从句则是把先行词的本质揭示出来，像“ The hope that he has is to be a doctor”，多明显的不同呀！6. 试着比较一下“ The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus”的定语从句和“ The news that he won the first prize excited us all”的同位语从句，是不是能清楚感受到差异呢？7. 定语从句有时会让句子变得更丰富生动，像“ The woman whose son is a doctor is very proud”；同位语从句却让我们更明白先行词的意思，比如“ The belief that we can succeed keeps us going”，它们的作用真的不一样啊！8. 想想看，“ The book that I read last week was very interesting”中的定语从句和“ The fact that he has resigned is true”中的同位语从句，一个是描述书，一个是说明事实，这能一样吗？9. 定语从句是为先行词增添色彩，如同“ The house that I bought last year is very big”；同位语从句是对先行词进行阐释，类似“ The rumor that he is leaving is not true”，二者差异显著呀！10. 总之，定语从句和同位语从句虽然都与先行词有关，但它们的性质和作用差别很大呢，就像白天和黑夜一样分明呀！我的观点结论就是：定语从句和同位语从句各有特点，在英语学习中都非常重要，我们一定要清楚它们的区别，才能正确使用它们呀！。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
定语从句与其他相似句式的区别众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师和同学们都对此非常重视，但有的同学在做题时，一遇到从句，就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型也当作定语从句来理解，从这个方面来看，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混句型之间的区别。
一、区分定语从句与简单句含定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别为：前者是复合句，主从句间需用关系词连接；而后者是两个独立的句子，不需任何关系词连接。
【例题】①He tried to use a new way to solve this problem，________ didn't work.②He tried to use a new way to solve this problem. ________ didn't help.【解析】①题两个句子间用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然是主从句关系，且为非限制性定语从句，需用关系代词which；②题中句号分隔两个句子，第二个句子中用It指代前一个句子；可见，标点符号是区分这类句子的切入点。
二、区分定语从句与并列句在英语中两个分句要有连词连接，如果没有连词，那么其中一个分句就不能是一个句子。
【例1】①He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge.②He was educated at a local grammar school and______ he went on to Cambridge.③He was educated at a local grammar school；______ he went on to Cambridge.A.from whichB. after thatC. after whichD. from this【解析】句①前后两部分用逗号隔开, 根据句子结构的有关知识可知，逗号后面的部分为非限定性定语从句, 从句的特点是有引导词，故选C；句②前后两部分用and连接,为并列句，则选项为B；句③中没有并列连词and但是用了分号“；”。
分号的作用相当于并列连词，分号前后为完整的句子时，起到了并列连词的作用，构成并列句，这时的分号影响到句子结构，进而影响到动词形式，所以说，分号虽小，意义却大，不可不防。
故此句仍为并列句，答案为B。
【例2】①—He wrote a lot of novels，none of ____ were popular．②—It's the same with his wife. She wrote some plays，but none of ____ was a success．A．these，them B．which，which C．those，which D.which，them【解析】此题应选D。
很容易误选A，B。
选对该题的关键是：要注意前面一句的none of 没有并列连词（说明它才是非限制性定语从句，所以其后填which），而后面一句的none of 前有一并列连词but（说明它与前面一句构成并列句，所以其后填them）。
三、区分定语从句与复合句1、定语从句与名词性从句名词性从句相当于一个名词在句中做主语、宾语、表语、同位语，定语从句在句中做定语，必须是先行词+定语从句才相当于名词性从句。
当前面的词为news、fact、truth等词时，注意区分同位语从句与定语从句，同位语从句是说明前面词的内容的，关系词在从句中不做成份，而定语从句则是修饰限制它的，关系词在句中做成份。
【例1】①The fact puzzles me much I have been unable to pass the driving test up to now.②Do you understand the easier fact he explained to you just now?A.thatB.whichC.the oneD.as【解析】句①“直到现在我仍没能通过驾驶员测试”是前面事实的内容，第二个句子“他刚才向你解释”的是修饰限制事实的，从这一点上不难确定第一句是同位语从句用that，而句②是定语从句用that或which；其次，我们还可以根据关系词在句中是否担任成份来确定，第一句中关系词不做任何成份，第二句关系词在从句中做宾语，因此确定第一句为同位语从句，第二句为定语从句。
【例2】①is well known to us, all the earth goes around the sun.②is well known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.Which【解析】句①后面明显是一个句子，因此前面不能是一个句子，选As引导非限制性定语从句；句②是一个完整的句子，前面用it做形式主语，后面是that引导的主语从句。
【例3】①Shenzhen is no longer it used to be.②Shenzhen is no longer the place it used to be.A.whatB.thatC.at whichD.when【解析】句①“深圳不再是过去的样子了”，系动词后面是一个表语从句，因此选what；句②it used to be.前面是名词the place，并且the place担任be的表语，是定语从句，因此下句用that。
2、定语从句与状语从句状语从句没有先行词，整个句子做状语，而定语从句前面有名词或代词，整个句子修饰和限制这一名词或代词。
试比较以下试题：【例1】①After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town he grew up as a child.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when②After living in Paris for fifty years he returned he grew up as a child.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when【解析】句①有先行词a small town后面为定语从句，根据定语从句的相关知识，可以填where 或at which，选B；句②进行了修改，变成一个没有先行词的地点状语从句，只能填where，仍选B。
【例2】①These houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected.A. likeB. asC. thatD. which②His plan was such a good one______we all agreed to accept it.A.soB.andC.thatD.as【解析】句①为定语从句，因为先行词price 在从句中担任expected的宾语,并且先行词由such(so/the same)修饰时要用as引导定语从句，故选B；句②中one不担任从句的成分,不是定语从句,为“such(so)……tha t……”引导的结果状语从句,故选C.四、区分定语从句与强调句强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who；在定语从句中，先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。
试比较：【例1】①It is a question that needs careful consideration.②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading.【解析】句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了；句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。
有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。
我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。
【例2】①It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago.②It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago.【解析】句①“在火车站，我们16年前第一次相逢。
”是强调句，强调地点状语at the railway station；句②“这是我们16年前第一次相逢的火车站。
”是定语从句，where是关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语五、区分定语从句与分词结构在同一个句子结构中，如果含有两个谓语动词，一般来说，置于中心名词后作修饰语的动词或动词短语常用分词作后置定语，也可转换成相应的定语从句。
如果中心名词为动作的执行者，常用现在分词作后置定语。
这时，现在分词可转换成一般现在(过去)时或现在(过去)进行时的定语从句结构。
如果中心名词为动作的被执行者，常用过去分词作后置定语。
这时，过去分词可转换成被动语态的一般过去时或进行时的定语从句结构。
【例1】①There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.②There was a terrible noise that followed the sudden burst of light【解析】①从句子结构分析，动词follow作中心名词a terrible noise 的后置定语，但句中没有关系代词连接,且中心名词a terrible noise为动词follow动作的执行者，故要选用动词的分词形式following作后置定语。
②从句子结构分析，动词follow作中心名词a terrible noise 的后置定语，但由于句中有关系代词that连接,且中心名词a terrible noise为动词follow动作的执行者，故要选用动词的过去式形式followed与that一起构成定语从句结构。
【例2】①The Olympic Games, first played in 776 B.C., didn't include women players until 1912.②The Olympic Games, which was first played in 776 B.C., didn't include women players until 1912.【解析】①分析句子结构可知，插入语first played in 776 B.C. 作中心名词the Olympic Games 的定语，但句中没有关系代词连接,同时中心名词the Olympic Games为动词play动作的被执行者且发生在过去某一时刻，故要选用动词的过去分词形式played作后置定语。