winter olym VOA

And I'm Faith Lapidus with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Today we tell about the Winter Olympic Games that open February twelfth in Vancouver, Canada.About five thousand men and women from more than eighty countries will compete for seventeen days at the Vancouver Olympics. They will compete in more than eighty separate medal events in fifteen sports. The games are about sportsmanship, hard work, and national pride. The athletes share a common goal -- to do their best and win a gold medal.(MUSIC) BOB DOUGHTY:This will be the twenty-first Winter Olympic Games. Thelast Winter Games were held in two thousand six in Turin,Italy. The next Winter Olympics will be in Sochi, Russia, infour years. But this month, millions of people around theworld will turn their attention to the games taking place inVancouver, British Columbia. The city is on the western coast of Canada. It is known for its many bike and hiking paths, forests, lakes and beautiful mountain views. Vancouver is also a busy city with interesting cultural events, shops, restaurants and galleries. Many people spend their vacations visiting the city. For years, Vancouver has been rated one of the most livable places in the world. And, it has been rated one of the most environmentally friendly cities in the world.FAITH LAPIDUS:The Olympics events will be held at several places in and around Vancouver. Event organizers have worked hard to ensure that the games will not pollute the environment. For example, people are urged to ride bicycles to the Olympic events. There are no places to park cars near the events. But all areas will have spaces to lock up bicycles.Workers at the Vancouver Olympics setting up a ski slopeIn addition, many Olympic buildings were made from reused materials. Organizers made efforts to avoid cutting down old-growth trees. They also made careful decisions about how each building will be used after the Olympic Games. The event Web site describes every Olympic building and competition area and the environmental decisions that were made about its design.BOB DOUGHTY:Event organizers have had seven years and several billion dollars to plan for these Winter Games. But one thing outside of their control has been the weather. Warmer than average temperatures and lack of snow have been major concerns in the weeks leading up to the games.The lack of snow will not be a problem for events being held at the ski area in the city of Whistler. However, the area called Cypress Mountain has been a problem.Organizers have had to make huge efforts to guarantee the area is ready for six skiing andsnowboarding events. For months, machines there have been producing and storing snow. Huge truckloads of snow have also been brought down from higher areas of the mountain.The snow has been placed onto large forms made out of straw. These straw foundations have helped reduce the amount of snow needed. Organizers in Vancouver say the athletes will notice very little difference between a natural ski slope and theone that has been built for the games.FAITH LAPIDUS:Speaking of warm weather, some of the countries sendingathletes to the Winter Games might surprise you. A few ofthese athletes live in countries that rarely if ever see snow.For example, the popular bobsleigh team from the island ofJamaica did not qualify for the Olympics four years ago.But a team will be back to compete this year. Members of the Jamaican bobsleigh team in 2002Philip Boit of Kenya began his athletic career as a runner. He decided to try a new sport in the nineteen nineties. The Nike athletic shoe company gave financial support to turn Kenyan runners into skiers. In nineteen ninety-eight, he became the first athlete from Kenya to compete in the Winter Games. He will return this year to compete in his fourth and final Olympics.BOB DOUGHTY:China will be sending its largest Winter Olympics team ever to the games. It will includeninety-one athletes, compared to seventy-six athletes four years ago. An official from the Chinese Olympic team says the country is much weaker in winter sports. But it still expects to match its results from the last Winter Games. He says China is working to narrow the difference between its strength during the Olympic Summer and Winter Games.(MUSIC)FAITH LAPIDUS:Winter Olympic sports include different forms of skiing, such as cross-country, Alpine, Nordic combined, free-style, and ski jumping. Snowboarding became an Olympic sport in nineteen ninety-eight. The athlete's feet are attached to a board that moves quickly on the snow. The sport combines the skills of surfing, skateboarding and skiing.There are also three different sledding sports. These are bobsleigh, skeleton and luge. A bobsleigh is like a little car with a rounded nose made of fiberglass. But instead of wheels, it sits on steel runners that race along the ice. Runners push the bobsleigh for a distance of about fifty meters.Then they jump onto the bobsleigh and continue racing down the track. Men compete in teams of two and four, while women only compete in teams of two.BOB DOUGHTY:A skeleton is a flat kind of sled. An athlete lies on top of it with his or her face down. Luge comes from the French word for sled. In luge racing, the athlete lies on top of the sled facing upwards.Improvements in technology have greatly changed the equipment for these and other Winter Olympic sports. With specially cooled tracks and racing equipment, it is not unusual for luge athletes to reach speeds of one hundred forty kilometers an hour or more.FAITH LAPIDUS:Some of the winter sports played at the Olympics areinternationally known, such as ice hockey. Others, likecurling, are less widely known. Curling is a team sportplayed on ice. Two teams take turns pushing stonesweighing almost twenty kilograms towards a circular targetdrawn on the ice.Curling practiceThe biathlon is another Olympic sport that is not as well known. This event combines cross-country skiing and rifle shooting. It began as a survival method. Northern Europeans skied to hunt for food, then later to defend their countries.The biathlon requires great skill to combine the physical demands of skiing and the calm, focused attention needed for shooting at a target.BOB DOUGHTY:One of the most popular events at the winter Olympics is figure skating. This sport combines the athleticism of skating with the gracefulness and creativity of dance. There are four categories of figure skating: men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dancing.In women's skating, several of the Olympic favorites are the South Korean skater Kim Yu-Na, and Mao Asada and Miki Ando of Japan. Two athletes representing the United States are Rachel Flatt and Mirai Nagasu . In men's skating, Russia has won the gold medal in the last four Olympic s. This year's favorites include Russian Evgeni Plushenko, Brian Joubert of France and Evan Lysacek of the United States.Ice dancing is another popular event. It is judged on acouple's skill performing steps and turns to music. Unlikethe other figure skating events, there are no overhead liftsand big jumps.Charlie White and Meryl Davis are competing for the United States at the Olympics for the first time. They became very popular on the Internet for their ice dance performance set to traditional Indian music.Speed skating is also a popular Olympic event. Americans will be watching short track speed skater Apolo Anton Ohno. He won five Olympic medals for the United States at the past two Winter Games.(MUSIC)BOB DOUGHTY:The competition nearest to the hearts of many Canadians is ice hockey. For generations of Canadians, ice hockey has been an important part of their culture. Some say that for Canadians hockey is closer to a religion than a sport.Twelve of the best national teams in the world will compete over twelve days. The first men's hockey game will be between the United States and Switzerland on February sixteenth. The National Hockey League in the United States is again permitting its players to represent their native countries in the Olympics. This has only been permitted for three other Olympic games. For many hockey fans, the most important game of the Olympics will be decided on the final day, February twenty-eighth. This is when the final game of the men's hockey competition takes place. Experts say the men's hockey event will be one of the most competitive ever. One Americanhockey official said he thinks it will be the greatest hockey competition in the history of the world.Meryl Davis and Charlie White atthe U.S. Figure SkatingChampionships in Spokane,Washington, last monthThis program was written and produced by Dana Demange. I'm Faith Lapidus.BOB DOUGHTY:And I'm Bob Doughty. For a link to the Vancouver Olympics Web site, go to . You can also comment on our programs. Join us again next week for EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English.Sochi Residents Question Property Seizures for 2014 Winter OlympicsSochi Residents Question Property Seizures for 2014 Winter OlympicsSochi's winning bid for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games has been a mixed blessing for many of the Russian resort city's residents. The joy of hosting such a prestigious event has been accompanied by rising prices and the realization that many will lose homes to make way for Olympic sites. VOA correspondent Peter Fedynsky recently visited the city and reports widespread dissatisfaction with the process of taking people's private property.For the past 13 years, Oleg Shcherbatsky has lived with his family on a Black Sea beach about a 45-minute drive from Sochi and the mountains where Olympic skiing events will be held in 2014. He and other residents of the region, known as Lower Imeretinka, say Olympic joy has turned into a catastrophe. He expects to lose his land.Shcherbatsky says he does not understand why a beach is needed for Olympic Games, a winter Olympics no less. He says residents of Lower Imeretinka suspect somebody has eyed their land, adding that it's not right to take it from them under the pretext of the Olympics.Shcherbatsky says a Moscow architect has drawn up an alternative plan that works around existing homes, but that Russian officials refuse to discuss alternatives with the public.Sochi Mayor Viktor Kolodiazhniy declined VOA's interview request to discuss people's concerns. He says he prefers not to talk with foreign media. Kolodiazhniy noted, however, that people will be adequately compensated.V aleriy Suchkov, head of the Sochi Property Owners Association, says the mayor is repeating his assurance for the second year now, but that nobody believes him.Suchkov adds that people understand the need to take private property for public use, a process known as eminent domain, but not if it is seen as unfair.The activist says there should be commission, a legal procedure, and search for a balance of interests - state, social and private. But there is none of that, he says, and gestures to show the disposition of property is rubber stamped by bureaucrats who fail to recognize the individualowner.Suchkov says authorities are cutting deals directly with investors and arbitrarily forcing people out of homes in prime locations. He says Russian courts dismiss lawsuits against such sales. And so several homeowners have filed complaints with the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg.Russia has budgeted about $12 billion to prepare for the Sochi Games, more than the three previous Winter Olympics combined. Western technicians involved in infrastructure preparation say much of the money is being embezzled by government officials.A representative of Base Element, one of the private Russian companies working on Olympic development projects, agreed to a VOA television interview to discuss such charges but then reneged. And Russian energy giant Gazprom, another major investor in the Games, prohibits videotaping at the ski area it is developing.Sochi homeowners say this kind secrecy creates fears that powerful interests are using the Olympics as a pretext to take over their property.James Brooke, director of external affairs for Jones Lang LaSalle, a U.S.-based company with real estate consulting contracts in Sochi, acknowledges the hardships facing property owners in the city."The Russian concept that this is for the greater good of turning this part of Sochi, which a basically is sort of swamplands, flatlands, lowlands right next to the Georgian border from a class C resort into a class A resort - generating more income, more revenue, more employment, more tax revenue," he said.Brooke says about 500 kilometers of Russia's Black Sea coast will also be developed andwill give the country's 145 million people an excellent tourist destination long after the Olympics are over.Most Sochi residents understand that kind of explanation, even if they do not want to lose the comforts of a home on the beach, near the slopes, or in central Sochi. What they say they do not understand is why Russian officials deny their own people a say in a process that will profoundly affect their lives and livelihoods.。