0.5.kemari-kvm-forum-2010
NuMicro N9H30系列开发板用户手册说明书
NuMicro®FamilyArm® ARM926EJ-S BasedNuMaker-HMI-N9H30User ManualEvaluation Board for NuMicro® N9H30 SeriesNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALThe information described in this document is the exclusive intellectual property ofNuvoton Technology Corporation and shall not be reproduced without permission from Nuvoton.Nuvoton is providing this document only for reference purposes of NuMicro microcontroller andmicroprocessor based system design. Nuvoton assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.All data and specifications are subject to change without notice.For additional information or questions, please contact: Nuvoton Technology Corporation.Table of Contents1OVERVIEW (5)1.1Features (7)1.1.1NuMaker-N9H30 Main Board Features (7)1.1.2NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 Extension Board Features (7)1.2Supporting Resources (8)2NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION (9)2.1NuMaker-N9H30 Board － Front View (9)2.2NuMaker-N9H30 Board － Rear View (14)2.3NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 － Front View (20)2.4NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 － Rear View (21)2.5NuMaker-N9H30 and NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 PCB Placement (22)3NUMAKER-N9H30 AND NUDESIGN-TFT-LCD7 SCHEMATICS (24)3.1NuMaker-N9H30 － GPIO List Circuit (24)3.2NuMaker-N9H30 － System Block Circuit (25)3.3NuMaker-N9H30 － Power Circuit (26)3.4NuMaker-N9H30 － N9H30F61IEC Circuit (27)3.5NuMaker-N9H30 － Setting, ICE, RS-232_0, Key Circuit (28)NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL3.6NuMaker-N9H30 － Memory Circuit (29)3.7NuMaker-N9H30 － I2S, I2C_0, RS-485_6 Circuit (30)3.8NuMaker-N9H30 － RS-232_2 Circuit (31)3.9NuMaker-N9H30 － LCD Circuit (32)3.10NuMaker-N9H30 － CMOS Sensor, I2C_1, CAN_0 Circuit (33)3.11NuMaker-N9H30 － RMII_0_PF Circuit (34)3.12NuMaker-N9H30 － RMII_1_PE Circuit (35)3.13NuMaker-N9H30 － USB Circuit (36)3.14NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 － TFT-LCD7 Circuit (37)4REVISION HISTORY (38)List of FiguresFigure 1-1 Front View of NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 Evaluation Board (5)Figure 1-2 Rear View of NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 Evaluation Board (6)Figure 2-1 Front View of NuMaker-N9H30 Board (9)Figure 2-2 Rear View of NuMaker-N9H30 Board (14)Figure 2-3 Front View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 Board (20)Figure 2-4 Rear View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 Board (21)Figure 2-5 Front View of NuMaker-N9H30 PCB Placement (22)Figure 2-6 Rear View of NuMaker-N9H30 PCB Placement (22)Figure 2-7 Front View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 PCB Placement (23)Figure 2-8 Rear View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 PCB Placement (23)Figure 3-1 GPIO List Circuit (24)Figure 3-2 System Block Circuit (25)Figure 3-3 Power Circuit (26)Figure 3-4 N9H30F61IEC Circuit (27)Figure 3-5 Setting, ICE, RS-232_0, Key Circuit (28)Figure 3-6 Memory Circuit (29)Figure 3-7 I2S, I2C_0, RS-486_6 Circuit (30)Figure 3-8 RS-232_2 Circuit (31)Figure 3-9 LCD Circuit (32)NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL Figure 3-10 CMOS Sensor, I2C_1, CAN_0 Circuit (33)Figure 3-11 RMII_0_PF Circuit (34)Figure 3-12 RMII_1_PE Circuit (35)Figure 3-13 USB Circuit (36)Figure 3-14 TFT-LCD7 Circuit (37)List of TablesTable 2-1 LCD Panel Combination Connector (CON8) Pin Function (11)Table 2-2 Three Sets of Indication LED Functions (12)Table 2-3 Six Sets of User SW, Key Matrix Functions (12)Table 2-4 CMOS Sensor Connector (CON10) Function (13)Table 2-5 JTAG ICE Interface (J2) Function (14)Table 2-6 Expand Port (CON7) Function (16)Table 2-7 UART0 (J3) Function (16)Table 2-8 UART2 (J6) Function (16)Table 2-9 RS-485_6 (SW6~8) Function (17)Table 2-10 Power on Setting (SW4) Function (17)Table 2-11 Power on Setting (S2) Function (17)Table 2-12 Power on Setting (S3) Function (17)Table 2-13 Power on Setting (S4) Function (17)Table 2-14 Power on Setting (S5) Function (17)Table 2-15 Power on Setting (S7/S6) Function (18)Table 2-16 Power on Setting (S9/S8) Function (18)Table 2-17 CMOS Sensor Connector (CON9) Function (19)Table 2-18 CAN_0 (SW9~10) Function (19)NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL1 OVERVIEWThe NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 is an evaluation board for GUI application development. The NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 consists of two parts: a NuMaker-N9H30 main board and a NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 extensionboard. The NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 is designed for project evaluation, prototype development andvalidation with HMI (Human Machine Interface) function.The NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 integrates touchscreen display, voice input/output, rich serial port serviceand I/O interface, providing multiple external storage methods.The NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 can be plugged into the main board via the DIN_32x2 extension connector.The NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 includes one 7” LCD which the resolution is 800x480 with RGB-24bits andembedded the 4-wires resistive type touch panel.Figure 1-1 Front View of NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 Evaluation BoardNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL Figure 1-2 Rear View of NuMaker-HMI-N9H30 Evaluation Board1.1 Features1.1.1 NuMaker-N9H30 Main Board Features●N9H30F61IEC chip: LQFP216 pin MCP package with DDR (64 MB)●SPI Flash using W25Q256JVEQ (32 MB) booting with quad mode or storage memory●NAND Flash using W29N01HVSINA (128 MB) booting or storage memory●One Micro-SD/TF card slot served either as a SD memory card for data storage or SDIO(Wi-Fi) device●Two sets of COM ports:–One DB9 RS-232 port with UART_0 used 75C3232E transceiver chip can be servedfor function debug and system development.–One DB9 RS-232 port with UART_2 used 75C3232E transceiver chip for userapplication●22 GPIO expansion ports, including seven sets of UART functions●JTAG interface provided for software development●Microphone input and Earphone/Speaker output with 24-bit stereo audio codec(NAU88C22) for I2S interfaces●Six sets of user-configurable push button keys●Three sets of LEDs for status indication●Provides SN65HVD230 transceiver chip for CAN bus communication●Provides MAX3485 transceiver chip for RS-485 device connection●One buzzer device for program applicationNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL●Two sets of RJ45 ports with Ethernet 10/100 Mbps MAC used IP101GR PHY chip●USB_0 that can be used as Device/HOST and USB_1 that can be used as HOSTsupports pen drives, keyboards, mouse and printers●Provides over-voltage and over current protection used APL3211A chip●Retain RTC battery socket for CR2032 type and ADC0 detect battery voltage●System power could be supplied by DC-5V adaptor or USB VBUS1.1.2 NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 Extension Board Features●7” resolution 800x480 4-wire resistive touch panel for 24-bits RGB888 interface●DIN_32x2 extension connector1.2 Supporting ResourcesFor sample codes and introduction about NuMaker-N9H30, please refer to N9H30 BSP:https:///products/gui-solution/gui-platform/numaker-hmi-n9h30/?group=Software&tab=2Visit NuForum for further discussion about the NuMaker-HMI-N9H30:/viewforum.php?f=31 NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL2 NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION2.1 NuMaker-N9H30 Board － Front View Combination Connector (CON8)6 set User SWs (K1~6)3set Indication LEDs (LED1~3)Power Supply Switch (SW_POWER1)Audio Codec(U10)Microphone(M1)NAND Flash(U9)RS-232 Transceiver(U6, U12)RS-485 Transceiver(U11)CAN Transceiver (U13)Figure 2-1 Front View of NuMaker-N9H30 BoardFigure 2-1 shows the main components and connectors from the front side of NuMaker-N9H30 board. The following lists components and connectors from the front view:NuMaker-N9H30 board and NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 board combination connector (CON8). This panel connector supports 4-/5-wire resistive touch or capacitance touch panel for 24-bits RGB888 interface.Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionCON8.1 - Power 3.3VCON8.2 - Power 3.3VCON8.3 GPD7 LCD_CSCON8.4 GPH3 LCD_BLENCON8.5 GPG9 LCD_DENCON8.7 GPG7 LCD_HSYNCCON8.8 GPG6 LCD_CLKCON8.9 GPD15 LCD_D23(R7)CON8.10 GPD14 LCD_D22(R6)CON8.11 GPD13 LCD_D21(R5)CON8.12 GPD12 LCD_D20(R4)CON8.13 GPD11 LCD_D19(R3)CON8.14 GPD10 LCD_D18(R2)CON8.15 GPD9 LCD_D17(R1)CON8.16 GPD8 LCD_D16(R0)CON8.17 GPA15 LCD_D15(G7)CON8.18 GPA14 LCD_D14(G6)CON8.19 GPA13 LCD_D13(G5)CON8.20 GPA12 LCD_D12(G4)CON8.21 GPA11 LCD_D11(G3)CON8.22 GPA10 LCD_D10(G2)CON8.23 GPA9 LCD_D9(G1) NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALCON8.24 GPA8 LCD_D8(G0)CON8.25 GPA7 LCD_D7(B7)CON8.26 GPA6 LCD_D6(B6)CON8.27 GPA5 LCD_D5(B5)CON8.28 GPA4 LCD_D4(B4)CON8.29 GPA3 LCD_D3(B3)CON8.30 GPA2 LCD_D2(B2)CON8.31 GPA1 LCD_D1(B1)CON8.32 GPA0 LCD_D0(B0)CON8.33 - -CON8.34 - -CON8.35 - -CON8.36 - -CON8.37 GPB2 LCD_PWMCON8.39 - VSSCON8.40 - VSSCON8.41 ADC7 XPCON8.42 ADC3 VsenCON8.43 ADC6 XMCON8.44 ADC4 YMCON8.45 - -CON8.46 ADC5 YPCON8.47 - VSSCON8.48 - VSSCON8.49 GPG0 I2C0_CCON8.50 GPG1 I2C0_DCON8.51 GPG5 TOUCH_INTCON8.52 - -CON8.53 - -CON8.54 - -CON8.55 - -NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL CON8.56 - -CON8.57 - -CON8.58 - -CON8.59 - VSSCON8.60 - VSSCON8.61 - -CON8.62 - -CON8.63 - Power 5VCON8.64 - Power 5VTable 2-1 LCD Panel Combination Connector (CON8) Pin Function●Power supply switch (SW_POWER1): System will be powered on if the SW_POWER1button is pressed●Three sets of indication LEDs:LED Color DescriptionsLED1 Red The system power will beterminated and LED1 lightingwhen the input voltage exceeds5.7V or the current exceeds 2A.LED2 Green Power normal state.LED3 Green Controlled by GPH2 pin Table 2-2 Three Sets of Indication LED Functions●Six sets of user SW, Key Matrix for user definitionKey GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionK1 GPF10 Row0 GPB4 Col0K2 GPF10 Row0 GPB5 Col1K3 GPE15 Row1 GPB4 Col0K4 GPE15 Row1 GPB5 Col1K5 GPE14 Row2 GPB4 Col0K6GPE14 Row2GPB5 Col1 Table 2-3 Six Sets of User SW, Key Matrix Functions●NAND Flash (128 MB) with Winbond W29N01HVS1NA (U9)●Microphone (M1): Through Nuvoton NAU88C22 chip sound input●Audio CODEC chip (U10): Nuvoton NAU88C22 chip connected to N9H30 using I2Sinterface–SW6/SW7/SW8: 1-2 short for RS-485_6 function and connected to 2P terminal (CON5and J5)–SW6/SW7/SW8: 2-3 short for I2S function and connected to NAU88C22 (U10).●CMOS Sensor connector (CON10, SW9~10)–SW9~10: 1-2 short for CAN_0 function and connected to 2P terminal (CON11)–SW9~10: 2-3 short for CMOS sensor function and connected to CMOS sensorconnector (CON10)Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionCON10.1 - VSSCON10.2 - VSSNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALCON10.3 - Power 3.3VCON10.4 - Power 3.3VCON10.5 - -CON10.6 - -CON10.7 GPI4 S_PCLKCON10.8 GPI3 S_CLKCON10.9 GPI8 S_D0CON10.10 GPI9 S_D1CON10.11 GPI10 S_D2CON10.12 GPI11 S_D3CON10.13 GPI12 S_D4CON10.14 GPI13 S_D5CON10.15 GPI14 S_D6CON10.16 GPI15 S_D7CON10.17 GPI6 S_VSYNCCON10.18 GPI5 S_HSYNCCON10.19 GPI0 S_PWDNNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL CON10.20 GPI7 S_nRSTCON10.21 GPG2 I2C1_CCON10.22 GPG3 I2C1_DCON10.23 - VSSCON10.24 - VSSTable 2-4 CMOS Sensor Connector (CON10) FunctionNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL2.2NuMaker-N9H30 Board － Rear View5V In (CON1)RS-232 DB9 (CON2,CON6)Expand Port (CON7)Speaker Output (J4)Earphone Output (CON4)Buzzer (BZ1)System ResetSW (SW5)SPI Flash (U7,U8)JTAG ICE (J2)Power ProtectionIC (U1)N9H30F61IEC (U5)Micro SD Slot (CON3)RJ45 (CON12, CON13)USB1 HOST (CON15)USB0 Device/Host (CON14)CAN_0 Terminal (CON11)CMOS Sensor Connector (CON9)Power On Setting(SW4, S2~S9)RS-485_6 Terminal (CON5)RTC Battery(BT1)RMII PHY (U14,U16)Figure 2-2 Rear View of NuMaker-N9H30 BoardFigure 2-2 shows the main components and connectors from the rear side of NuMaker-N9H30 board. The following lists components and connectors from the rear view:● +5V In (CON1): Power adaptor 5V input ●JTAG ICE interface (J2) ConnectorGPIO pin of N9H30Function J2.1 - Power 3.3V J2.2 GPJ4 nTRST J2.3 GPJ2 TDI J2.4 GPJ1 TMS J2.5 GPJ0 TCK J2.6 - VSS J2.7 GPJ3 TD0 J2.8-RESETTable 2-5 JTAG ICE Interface (J2) Function●SPI Flash (32 MB) with Winbond W25Q256JVEQ (U7); only one (U7 or U8) SPI Flashcan be used●System Reset (SW5): System will be reset if the SW5 button is pressed●Buzzer (BZ1): Control by GPB3 pin of N9H30●Speaker output (J4): Through the NAU88C22 chip sound output●Earphone output (CON4): Through the NAU88C22 chip sound output●Expand port for user use (CON7):Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionCON7.1 - Power 3.3VCON7.2 - Power 3.3VCON7.3 GPE12 UART3_TXDCON7.4 GPH4 UART1_TXDCON7.5 GPE13 UART3_RXDCON7.6 GPH5 UART1_RXDCON7.7 GPB0 UART5_TXDCON7.8 GPH6 UART1_RTSCON7.9 GPB1 UART5_RXDCON7.10 GPH7 UART1_CTSCON7.11 GPI1 UART7_TXDNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL CON7.12 GPH8 UART4_TXDCON7.13 GPI2 UART7_RXDCON7.14 GPH9 UART4_RXDCON7.15 - -CON7.16 GPH10 UART4_RTSCON7.17 - -CON7.18 GPH11 UART4_CTSCON7.19 - VSSCON7.20 - VSSCON7.21 GPB12 UART10_TXDCON7.22 GPH12 UART8_TXDCON7.23 GPB13 UART10_RXDCON7.24 GPH13 UART8_RXDCON7.25 GPB14 UART10_RTSCON7.26 GPH14 UART8_RTSCON7.27 GPB15 UART10_CTSCON7.28 GPH15 UART8_CTSCON7.29 - Power 5VCON7.30 - Power 5VTable 2-6 Expand Port (CON7) Function●UART0 selection (CON2, J3):–RS-232_0 function and connected to DB9 female (CON2) for debug message output.–GPE0/GPE1 connected to 2P terminal (J3).Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 Function J3.1 GPE1 UART0_RXDJ3.2 GPE0 UART0_TXDTable 2-7 UART0 (J3) Function●UART2 selection (CON6, J6):–RS-232_2 function and connected to DB9 female (CON6) for debug message output –GPF11~14 connected to 4P terminal (J6)Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 Function J6.1 GPF11 UART2_TXDJ6.2 GPF12 UART2_RXDJ6.3 GPF13 UART2_RTSJ6.4 GPF14 UART2_CTSTable 2-8 UART2 (J6) Function●RS-485_6 selection (CON5, J5, SW6~8):–SW6~8: 1-2 short for RS-485_6 function and connected to 2P terminal (CON5 and J5) –SW6~8: 2-3 short for I2S function and connected to NAU88C22 (U10)Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionSW6:1-2 shortGPG11 RS-485_6_DISW6:2-3 short I2S_DOSW7:1-2 shortGPG12 RS-485_6_ROSW7:2-3 short I2S_DISW8:1-2 shortGPG13 RS-485_6_ENBSW8:2-3 short I2S_BCLKNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALTable 2-9 RS-485_6 (SW6~8) FunctionPower on setting (SW4, S2~9).SW State FunctionSW4.2/SW4.1 ON/ON Boot from USB SW4.2/SW4.1 ON/OFF Boot from eMMC SW4.2/SW4.1 OFF/ON Boot from NAND Flash SW4.2/SW4.1 OFF/OFF Boot from SPI Flash Table 2-10 Power on Setting (SW4) FunctionSW State FunctionS2 Short System clock from 12MHzcrystalS2 Open System clock from UPLL output Table 2-11 Power on Setting (S2) FunctionSW State FunctionS3 Short Watchdog Timer OFFS3 Open Watchdog Timer ON Table 2-12 Power on Setting (S3) FunctionSW State FunctionS4 Short GPJ[4:0] used as GPIO pinS4Open GPJ[4:0] used as JTAG ICEinterfaceTable 2-13 Power on Setting (S4) FunctionSW State FunctionS5 Short UART0 debug message ONS5 Open UART0 debug message OFFTable 2-14 Power on Setting (S5) FunctionSW State FunctionS7/S6 Short/Short NAND Flash page size 2KBS7/S6 Short/Open NAND Flash page size 4KBS7/S6 Open/Short NAND Flash page size 8KBNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALS7/S6 Open/Open IgnoreTable 2-15 Power on Setting (S7/S6) FunctionSW State FunctionS9/S8 Short/Short NAND Flash ECC type BCH T12S9/S8 Short/Open NAND Flash ECC type BCH T15S9/S8 Open/Short NAND Flash ECC type BCH T24S9/S8 Open/Open IgnoreTable 2-16 Power on Setting (S9/S8) FunctionCMOS Sensor connector (CON9, SW9~10)–SW9~10: 1-2 short for CAN_0 function and connected to 2P terminal (CON11).–SW9~10: 2-3 short for CMOS sensor function and connected to CMOS sensorconnector (CON9).Connector GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionCON9.1 - VSSCON9.2 - VSSCON9.3 - Power 3.3VCON9.4 - Power 3.3V NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALCON9.5 - -CON9.6 - -CON9.7 GPI4 S_PCLKCON9.8 GPI3 S_CLKCON9.9 GPI8 S_D0CON9.10 GPI9 S_D1CON9.11 GPI10 S_D2CON9.12 GPI11 S_D3CON9.13 GPI12 S_D4CON9.14 GPI13 S_D5CON9.15 GPI14 S_D6CON9.16 GPI15 S_D7CON9.17 GPI6 S_VSYNCCON9.18 GPI5 S_HSYNCCON9.19 GPI0 S_PWDNCON9.20 GPI7 S_nRSTCON9.21 GPG2 I2C1_CCON9.22 GPG3 I2C1_DCON9.23 - VSSCON9.24 - VSSTable 2-17 CMOS Sensor Connector (CON9) Function●CAN_0 Selection (CON11, SW9~10):–SW9~10: 1-2 short for CAN_0 function and connected to 2P terminal (CON11) –SW9~10: 2-3 short for CMOS sensor function and connected to CMOS sensor connector (CON9, CON10)SW GPIO pin of N9H30 FunctionSW9:1-2 shortGPI3 CAN_0_RXDSW9:2-3 short S_CLKSW10:1-2 shortGPI4 CAN_0_TXDSW10:2-3 short S_PCLKTable 2-18 CAN_0 (SW9~10) Function●USB0 Device/HOST Micro-AB connector (CON14), where CON14 pin4 ID=1 is Device,ID=0 is HOST●USB1 for USB HOST with Type-A connector (CON15)●RJ45_0 connector with LED indicator (CON12), RMII PHY with IP101GR (U14)●RJ45_1 connector with LED indicator (CON13), RMII PHY with IP101GR (U16)●Micro-SD/TF card slot (CON3)●SOC CPU: Nuvoton N9H30F61IEC (U5)●Battery power for RTC 3.3V powered (BT1, J1), can detect voltage by ADC0●RTC power has 3 sources:–Share with 3.3V I/O power–Battery socket for CR2032 (BT1)–External connector (J1)●Board version 2.1NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL2.3 NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 －Front ViewFigure 2-3 Front View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 BoardFigure 2-3 shows the main components and connectors from the Front side of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7board.7” resolution 800x480 4-W resistive touch panel for 24-bits RGB888 interface2.4 NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 －Rear ViewFigure 2-4 Rear View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 BoardFigure 2-4 shows the main components and connectors from the rear side of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7board.NuMaker-N9H30 and NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 combination connector (CON1).NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL 2.5 NuMaker-N9H30 and NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 PCB PlacementFigure 2-5 Front View of NuMaker-N9H30 PCB PlacementFigure 2-6 Rear View of NuMaker-N9H30 PCB PlacementNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 2-7 Front View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 PCB PlacementFigure 2-8 Rear View of NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 PCB Placement3 NUMAKER-N9H30 AND NUDESIGN-TFT-LCD7 SCHEMATICS3.1 NuMaker-N9H30 － GPIO List CircuitFigure 3-1 shows the N9H30F61IEC GPIO list circuit.Figure 3-1 GPIO List Circuit NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL3.2 NuMaker-N9H30 － System Block CircuitFigure 3-2 shows the System Block Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-2 System Block Circuit3.3 NuMaker-N9H30 － Power CircuitFigure 3-3 shows the Power Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-3 Power Circuit3.4 NuMaker-N9H30 － N9H30F61IEC CircuitFigure 3-4 shows the N9H30F61IEC Circuit.Figure 3-4 N9H30F61IEC CircuitNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL3.5 NuMaker-N9H30 － Setting, ICE, RS-232_0, Key CircuitFigure 3-5 shows the Setting, ICE, RS-232_0, Key Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-5 Setting, ICE, RS-232_0, Key Circuit3.6 NuMaker-N9H30 － Memory CircuitFigure 3-6 shows the Memory Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-6 Memory Circuit3.7 NuMaker-N9H30 － I2S, I2C_0, RS-485_6 CircuitFigure 3-7 shows the I2S, I2C_0, RS-486_6 Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-7 I2S, I2C_0, RS-486_6 Circuit3.8 NuMaker-N9H30 － RS-232_2 CircuitFigure 3-8 shows the RS-232_2 Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-8 RS-232_2 Circuit3.9 NuMaker-N9H30 － LCD CircuitFigure 3-9 shows the LCD Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-9 LCD Circuit3.10 NuMaker-N9H30 － CMOS Sensor, I2C_1, CAN_0 CircuitFigure 3-10 shows the CMOS Sensor,I2C_1, CAN_0 Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-10 CMOS Sensor, I2C_1, CAN_0 Circuit3.11 NuMaker-N9H30 － RMII_0_PF CircuitFigure 3-11 shows the RMII_0_RF Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-11 RMII_0_PF Circuit3.12 NuMaker-N9H30 － RMII_1_PE CircuitFigure 3-12 shows the RMII_1_PE Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-12 RMII_1_PE Circuit3.13 NuMaker-N9H30 － USB CircuitFigure 3-13 shows the USB Circuit.NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALFigure 3-13 USB Circuit3.14 NuDesign-TFT-LCD7 － TFT-LCD7 CircuitFigure 3-14 shows the TFT-LCD7 Circuit.Figure 3-14 TFT-LCD7 CircuitNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUAL4 REVISION HISTORYDate Revision Description2022.03.24 1.00 Initial version NUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALNUMAKER-HMI-N9H30 USER MANUALImportant NoticeNuvoton Products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in systems or equipment, anymalfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life, bodily injury or severe propertydamage. Such applications are deemed, “Insecure Usage”.Insecure usage includes, but is not limited to: equipment for surgical implementation, atomicenergy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, the control or operation ofdynamic, brake or safety systems designed for vehicular use, traffic signal instruments, all typesof safety devices, and other applications intended to support or sustain life.All Insecure Usage shall be made at customer’s risk, and in the event that third parties lay claimsto Nuvoton as a result of customer’s Insecure Usage, custome r shall indemnify the damagesand liabilities thus incurred by Nuvoton.。
CF-33 Quick-Start Guide
JULY 2018TOUGHBOOK® 33QUICK-START GUIDEKELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide2 // 14CF-33 TECHNICAL BULLETINYOU MAY NEED TO RESTORE THE GPS TO LEGACY SETTINGS:1. Ensure that you are logged into Windows as an administrator2. Download the following package:https:///d/s71df59562c243d983. Click the download button4. All GPS software must be closed5. Unzip the compressed zip file to the desktop of the computer6. Locate the run.bat file, right-click, and Run as Administrator7. The bat file will run for a few minutes, then it will initiate a reboot. The first run of this bat file installs the correct drivers8. Upon reboot, locate the run.bat file again, right-click it, and select Run as Administrator again.9. The second run-through of this bat file changes the sentences from the GPS device to Legacy mode.10. Once the bat file has finished, it will initiate another reboot.11. Once rebooted, click start and type Device Manager. SelectDevice Manager in the search results.12. Expand the Ports section of Device Manager and rememberwhich port the U-Blox device is on. There may be two ports for this device, but they are identical.13. Next click start and type GPS Viewer. The GPS Viewer softwareshould be an option in the search results. Select it.14. When the software opens, select the COM port that the U-bloxdevice is using and choose 4800 for the baud rate.17. Click Connect18. Your device should print out a sentence that starts with$GPRMC. If you don’t see it, you may need to click thedisconnect button and scroll through the list to locate it. If you still don’t see it, repeat steps 10 through 19.19. If you do see this sentence, you can now close the devicemanager and GPS Viewer and attempt to reconnect yourmapping software to the U-Blox COM Port.IS THE GPS MODULE PROVIDING GPS STRINGS?1. Ensure that all GPS Mapping software is completed exited out2. Click Start3. Type GPS Viewer or navigate to the Panasonic Folder and click GPS Viewer to open it.4. Click Start and type Device Manager, then open it. You can also access it by opening a file folder, right-clicking on either “My Computer” or “This PC” on the left, and selecting “Manage”, then selecting device manager on the left side5. Under the Ports section, locate the U-blox device to determine the correct COM port6. In GPS viewer select that COM port and select 9600 for the baud rate, click Connect7. If you are seeing GPS information flow through this COM port, then the module is working. If not, the module may need to be enabled in the bios of the computer.01 //02 //MAPPING SOFTWARE CAN‘T CONNECT TO THE GPS COM PORT:KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide5 // 14SETUP A VIRTUAL COM PORT THAT USES THE SAME GPS SOURCE In past versions of each line of Toughbooks, in order to have multiple pieces of software utilizing the same GPS source, you had to use a 3rd-party software called a COM Splitter. This software attached itself to the COM port assigned to the GPS source, then duplicated it to two additional COM ports for both of your applications to use.With the advent of the U-Blox GPS device, this is no longer required. The difference is that the U-Blox GPS device that his found in current mark series Toughbooks is a USB GPS device, not a serial device, so multiple applications can attach to the same device by creating virtual COM ports. This process explains how to do this.1. Click Start and type Device Manager, then open it. You can also access it by opening a file folder, right-clicking on either “My Computer” or “This PC” on the left, and selecting “Manage”, then selecting device manager on the left side2. Click the Actions menu at the top and select Add legacy Hardware(continued on next page)01 //USING TWO MAPPING APPLICATIONS FROM THE SAME COM PORT:KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide 6 // 14SETUP A VIRTUAL COM PORT THAT USES THE SAME GPS SOURCE3. Click the Next button4. Select “Install the hardware that I manually select from a list(Advanced)5. Click Next6. Scroll down and select “Ports (COM & LPT)”7. In the left list select U-blox, and in the right list select the U-blox device, then click Next8. Click Finish to complete the wizard. This now creates an additional COM port in device manager. Both of these COM ports can now be attached to your GPS software.01 //USING TWO MAPPING APPLICATIONS FROM THE SAME COM PORT:KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide7 // 14ARE THE DOCK ANTENNAS CONNECTED AND THE ANTENNA SWITCH ON?To ensure that the pass-through on a Panasonic Toughbook or Toughpad is configured and wired correctly, refer to the chart below, remembering that every Panasoniccomputer is setup for Cellular in the Upper location. Several of the docking stations listed below also have an external antenna switch that must be in the external or ON position in order for the pass-through to function properly. Havis docks have are listed in the matrix below. The only platform that is not listed is the new CF-33, which is configured as Upper(Cellular or Wi-Fi) in Antenna Port 1 and Lower(GPS) in Antenna Port 2. Gamber Johnson Docks are all setup the same. Antenna Port 2 is used for GPS and Antenna Port 1 is used for Cellular or Wi-Fi. See the image below for port and switch locations.Click or visit the following for a comprehensive breakdown of docking station pass through antenna information:• https://bit.ly/2mehuKL01 //MAPPING SOFTWARE GETTING POOR GPS RECEPTION WHILE IN THE DOCKING STATION:HOW TO INSTALL THE SIM ON A CF-33:ON A CF-33, THE CELLULAR SIM TRAY IS A LITTLE TRICKIER TO REACH.These steps will walk you through the process.1. If the CF-33 is powered up, please shut the machine down and disconnect it from any AC power source.2. If you have a keyboard attached to the CF-33 tablet, please remove it before beginning.3. If you have a rotating hand-strap as shown below, please unclip the bottom two clasps.01 //KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide8 // 14HOW TO INSTALL THE SIM ON A CF-33:ON A CF-33, THE CELLULAR SIM TRAY IS A LITTLE TRICKIER TO REACH.4. Both the right and left clasps must be undone, then the hand-strap body will fold backward.5. Once the clasps are removed and the strap is folded backward, you will see the silver body of the CF-33.6. At the lower edge of the CF-33, there is a grey slider that allows the top-half of the silver body to extend up and rotate open. Push the grey slider to the right to slide open the body of the CF-33.7. Once the body is slid up, you can rotate it back to lay against the rotating hand-strap.01 //KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide9 // 14 HOW TO INSTALL THE SIM ON A CF-33:ON A CF-33, THE CELLULAR SIM TRAY IS A LITTLE TRICKIER TO REACH.8. The SIM tray is located under the battery on the stylus side of the CF-33. To remove the battery locate the black slide switch directly above the battery shown below.9. Push the slide switch to the right to remove the battery.10. In the lower corner of the battery bay, you can see the SIM tray. To Open the SIM tray, push the black slider to the left.11. The SIM tray door pivots open. Be sure to insert the SIM as shown in the label. The SIM should click into place and easily be removed.12. Once the SIM is in place, re-assemble the CF-33 in the exact reverse order it was taken apart.01 //KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide 10 // 14ONCE THE SIM HAS BEEN INSERTED INTO THE CF-33 CONNECTION IS QUITE SIMPLE.In previous Toughbook and Toughpad models, a third-party connection software was needed to interface with the cellular card. This is no longer the case as Windows now manages the connection for you. Simply click on the Connection button down in the system tray near the clock, and ensure that the Cellular option is blue. If your SIM is inserted and activated, you will have the option to connect to it at the top of the menu.01 //CONNECTING TO YOUR LTE NETWORK:SETTING UP THE SHUT-DOWN/SLEEP OPTIONS IN WIN10:THIS PROCESS SHOWS YOU HOW TO FORCE THE COMPUTER TO STAY ACTIVE.By default, Windows encourages computers to dim the screen, go to sleep, andshutdown at specific intervals to save device battery life, however that is not always convenient for work-flow.1. In the system tray locate the battery symbol and right-click on it.2. Select Power Options from the list. This will open the Power Options window.3. Select Change plan settings for the Panasonic Power Management plan01 //KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide11 // 14 SETTING UP THE SHUT-DOWN/SLEEP OPTIONS IN WIN10:THIS PROCESS SHOWS YOU HOW TO FORCE THE COMPUTER TO STAY ACTIVE.4. This opens up the details of the plan. To force Windows to keep the device active indefinitely, adjust the options to never perform, like the following.Click the Save Changes button at the bottom of the screen to apply the settings.01 //CHANGING THE FUNCTION OF THE TABLET BUTTONS:BY DEFAULT, THE TABLET BUTTONS CONTROL SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS ON THE COMPUTER.By default, the tablet buttons on a Panasonic Toughpad control specific functionson the computer. These settings are configurable using the Windows Application “Panasonic Dashboard”. However, there is another location for altering the functions of these button that takes precedence to the Panasonic Dashboard application, which is located in the bios of the machine. To adjust these settings, follow this process.1. If the computer is currently running, restart it. If the computer is off, then boot it.2. When presented with the Panasonic Logo screen, perform one of the two following options:a. Repeatedly tap the F2 button until you are presented with the Blue andGrey themed Bios screen.b. Repeatedly tap the upper left corner of the screen until presented with theBlue and Grey themed Bios screen.3. Navigate to the Main tab using the right arrow or the touch screen, as shown below. (continued on next page)01 //KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide12 // 14CHANGING THE FUNCTION OF THE TABLET BUTTONS:BY DEFAULT, THE TABLET BUTTONS CONTROL SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS ON THE COMPUTER.By default, the tablet buttons on a Panasonic Toughpad control specific functionson the computer. These settings are configurable using the Windows Application “Panasonic Dashboard”. However, there is another location for altering the functions of these button that takes precedence to the Panasonic Dashboard application, which is located in the bios of the machine. To adjust these settings, follow this process.4. Use the down arrow or the touch screen to select the Tablet Button Configuration sub-menu.5. You will see a list of the available tablet buttons, which correspond to the buttons below the touchscreen.6. KELTEK’s best practice is to make the Up/Down buttons perform screen brightness operations instead of volume adjustments, like below.7. Once you have made the adjustments you would like on each button set, hit the escape button to go back. You can also click the keyboard button in the upper right corner to display the on-screen keyboard.8. Navigate to the Exit tab and select Save Values and Reboot to apply the changes made.9. Once the computer has rebooted, the settings will become active.01 //KELTEK Incorporated | CF-33 Quick-Start Guide13 // 14 THE BARCODE SCANNER ON MY CF-33 DOESN’T WORK WITH TRACSDOWNLOAD TOOLS AND CHANGE THE BARCODE MODULE INTO COM PORT.1. Download the Barcode Tools from any of the following links:a. ftp:///computer/knowlededocs/Barcode2COM.exeb. ftp://ftp.panasoni/computer/knowledgedocs/Barcode2KBW.zip2. To change barcode module into COM port mode, run the Barcode2COM.exeapplication as Administrator from the download link provided. This will perform the following changes:a. Convert Barcode module into COM port mode from USB HID Keyboard orUSB HID POS.b. Register the barcode module into Windows assigned port.3. To revert these change back to USB HID Keyboard, run the Barcode2KBW.exeapplication as Administrator, which will perform the following:a. Convert Barcode module into COM port mode from USB HID Keyboard orUSB HID POS.01 //KELTEK INCORPORATEDTHANK YOU FOR THE BUSINESS.。
迈普交换机VLAN配置
VLAN7.1 VLAN7.1.1 VLANVLAN Virtual Local Area NetworkVLAN VLAN IEEE 802.1Q VLAN VLAN IEEE802.1QVLAN VLAN 802.1Q VLAN MAC VLAN IP VLAN IP VLAN VLAN VLANMy Power S41xx 802.1Q VLANVLANu VLANuu7.1.2 VLANVLANu VLANu VLANu VLANvlan vlan_idvlan vlan_id VLAN VLAN 1 4094 VLANVLAN7.1.2.2 VLANdescription stringString VLAN 32VLANVLAN vid7.1.2.3 VLANport port-list{forbidden|tagged|untagged}no port port-listport-list VLANforbidden|tagged|untagged VLANVLAN7.1.3 VLANshow vlan [vlan_id]vlan_id VLAN<CR> VLANEnable VLANSwitch# show vlan---- ---- -------------------------------- --------------------------------NO.VID VLAN-Name P ort N umber---- ---- -------------------------------- --------------------------------11default[U]0/00/10/20/30/40/50/60/70/80/90/10 0/11 0/12 0/13 0/140/15 1/0 1/1 2/02 5 VLAN0005 [M]2/17.2 VLANMyPowe S41xx 96 VLANu IPu VLAN-IDu VLANu7.2.1 IPIP IPip address ipaddress ipmaskipaddress IPipmask IP7.2.2 VLAN-IDVLAN VLAN VLAN VLAN VLANvlan-id vlan-novlan-no VLAN VLAN 1 4094VLAN-ID 07.2.3 VLANVLANdescription interface-nameinterface-name VLANSW3 VLAN-ID 3 IP 128.255.9.61 255.255.252.0vlan3port0/1-0/3untaggedexitVLAN 3port 0/1-0/3pvid 3exitinterface sw3ip address128.255.9.61 255.255.252.0 vlan-id3exit IP VLAN-ID7.2.4interface-number Enablesw50Switch#show interface sw50sw (unit number 50,vlan 111, enabled, link up)Flags: (0x8863) UP BROADCAST MUL TICAST ARP RUNNINGType: ETHERNET_CSMACDInternet address: 111.0.0.1Netmask 0xff000000 Subnetmask 0xffffff00Broadcast address: 111.0.0.255Ethernet address is 00:01:7a:4c:58:53Metric is 0Maximum Transfer Unit size is 15001801003390 octets received3877382 octets sent17397089 packets received48199 packets sent646 broadcast packets received405 broadcast packets sent5 multicast packets received29813 multicast packets sent0 input discards0 output discards0 input unknown protocols2364040 input errors0 output errors7.2.510.0.0.3/167-17-1 Switch1 vlan 0/0 vlan2 untag 0/7 vlan2 vlan3 vlan tagSwitch1Switch#show running-configvlan 1description defaultport 0/0-2/0 untaggedvlan 2 // vlan2port 0/7 tagged // 0/7 vlan2 , 0/7 taggedport 0/0 untagged // 0/0 vlan2 , 0/0 untaggedvlan 3 // vlan3description VLAN0003port 0/7 tagged // 0/7 vlan3 , 0/7 taggedexitport0/0 // 0/0 vlan 2pvid 2exitport 0/7 // 0/7 vlan 3pvid 3exitSwitch#show vlan----- -------- ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------NO.VID VLAN-Name Port N umber----- -------- ------------------ ------------------------------------------------------11default[U]0/00/10/20/30/40/5 0/6 0/7 0/8 0/90/10 0/11 0/12 0/13 0/140/15 0/16 1/0 2/022VLAN0002[U]0/0[M]0/733VLAN0003[M]0/7Switch2 vlan 0/0 0/1 vlan2 untag 0/7 vlan2 vlan3 vlan tagSwitch2Switch#show running-configvlan 1description defaultport 0/0-2/0 untaggedvlan 2description VLAN0002port 0/7 taggedport 0/0-0/1 untaggedvlan 3port 0/7 taggedexitport 0/0pvid 2exitport 0/1pvid 2exitport 0/7pvid 3exitSwitch#show vlan---- ---- ----------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------NO.V ID VLAN-Name Port N umber---- ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------11default[U]0/00/10/20/30/40/5 0/6 0/7 0/8 0/90/10 0/11 0/12 0/13 0/140/15 0/16 1/0 2/0 22VLAN0002[U]0/00/1[M]0/733VLAN0003[M]0/7Switch3 0/0 0/1 vlan2 untagSwitch3Switch#show running-configvlan 1description defaultport 0/0-2/0 untaggedvlan 2description VLAN0002port 0/0-0/1 untaggedexitport 0/0pvid 2exitpvid 2exitSwitch#show vlan---- ---- --------------------- ----------------------------------------------------NO.V ID VLAN-Name Port N umber---- ---- ------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------11default[U]0/00/10/20/30/40/5 0/6 0/7 0/8 0/90/10 0/11 0/12 0/13 0/140/15 0/16 1/0 2/022VLAN0002[U]0/00/1PC2 PC1 PC2 Switch2 0/0 vlan2 vid Switch2 0/7 vlan2 tag Switch1 0/7 0/7 tag vid 2 Switch1 0/0 vlan2 0/0 pvid 2 0/0 0/0 untag PC1PC3 PC2 PC3 Switch3 0/1 vlan2 vid Switch3 0/0 vlan2 untag Switch2 0/1 untag vlan2 Switch2 0/1 vid 2 vlan Switch2 0/0 0/1 vlan2 PC2 PC3。
TP-789Rxr Quick Start Guide
TP-789Rxr Quick Start (P/N: 2900-301008QS REV 1)P/N: 2900-301008QSRev: 1Scan for full manualTP-789Rxr Quick Start GuideThis guide helps you install and use your TP-789Rxr for the first time.Go to /downloads/TP-789Rxr to download the latest user manual and check if firmware upgrades are available.Step 1: Check w hat’s in the boxTP-789Rxr HDMI Line Receiver 4 Rubber feet 1 Quick start guide 1 Power adapter and cord1 Bracket setStep 2: Get to know your TP-789Rxr# FeatureFunction1 SETUP DIP-switches Set the operation DIP-switches.2 IN LED Lights green when an active, far-end source device input signal is detected.3 OUT LEDLights green when an active sink (acceptor) output signal is detected via the HDBT link.4 LINK LED Lights green when an HDBT link is established with the HDBT transmitter.5 POE FEEDER LED Lights green when the device is feeding PoE power to the HDBT connected transmitter.6 ON LEDLights green when the device receives power either from the power supply unit or by PoE.7 HDBT IN RJ-45 Connector Connect to the RJ-45 HDBT OUT connector on a transmitter (for example, WP-20, TP-780Txr ). 8 HDMI OUT Connector Connect to an HDMI acceptor. 9ETHERNET RJ-45 ConnectorFor LAN extension to the transmitter.10 IR 3.5mm Mini Jack ConnectorConnect to an external infrared emitter / sensor.11 RS-232 (G, Rx, Tx) 3-pin Terminal Block Connector Connects to an RS-232 port for serial link extension to a transmitter. 12 48V DC Power Terminal Block ConnectorIf TP-789Rxr provides PoE, connect it to the Kramer power supply. If it accepts PoE, no power connection is needed.Step 3: Install TP-789RxrInstall TP-789Rxr using one of the following methods:Attach the rubber feet and place the unit on a flat surface.Fasten a bracket (included) on each side of the unit and attach it to a flat surface. Formore information go to/downloads/TP-789Rxr.Mount the unit in a rack using an optional RK-3T rack adapter.Step 4: Connect the inputs and outputsAlways switch OFF the power on each device before connecting it to your TP-789Rxr. For best results, we recommend that you always use Kramer high-performance cables to connect AV equipment to TP-789Rxr.Connecting TP-789Rxr as a power provider:Connecting TP-789Rxr as a power acceptor:RJ-45 Pinout:DIP-Switch SettingsFor the HDBT connector, see the wiring diagram below:All DIP-switches are set to OFF (up) by default. Changes to DIP-switch 4 only takes effect afterrebooting the device.For optimum range and performance use the recommended Kramer cables available at /product/TP-789Rxr .Step 5: Connect the powerWhen used as a PoE provider, connect the 48V DC power supply to TP-789Rxr and plug it into the mains electricity (to also provide power to a transmitter).When accepting power from an HDBT transmitter via PoE there is no need to connect the 48V DC power supply. Safety InstructionsCaution: There are no operator serviceable parts inside the unit.Warning: Use only the Kramer Electronics power adapter that is provided with the unit. Warning: Disconnect the power and unplug the unit from the wall before installing. See for updated safety information.Step 6: Operate TP-789RxrUpgrade the firmware by: • Setting the DIP-switches. • Loading the new firmware viathe RS-232 port on the TP-789Rxr .Technical Specifications。
anbe的kvm使用手册
anbe的kvm使用手册第一章：KVM简介KVM是一种开源的虚拟化技术，全称为Kernel-based Virtual Machine。
它是一种基于Linux内核的虚拟化解决方案，通过利用硬件虚拟化扩展，使得用户可以在一台物理主机上同时运行多个虚拟机。
KVM提供了一个完整的虚拟化平台，包括虚拟化管理程序、虚拟机监控程序和设备模拟器等组件，为用户提供高性能、高可靠性的虚拟化环境。
第二章：KVM的安装1.确保硬件支持虚拟化技术。
KVM依赖于CPU的硬件虚拟化扩展，如Intel的VT技术或AMD的SVM技术。
通过查看CPU的型号和特性信息，确定是否支持虚拟化技术。
2.安装KVM软件包。
在Debian或Ubuntu系统中，可以使用以下命令安装KVM相关软件包：```sudo apt-get install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin virt-manager```在其他Linux发行版中，可以使用相应的包管理器安装KVM软件包。
第三章：创建和管理虚拟机1.使用virt-manager图形界面。
virt-manager是KVM的一个虚拟化管理程序，提供了一个直观的图形界面来创建和管理虚拟机。
在终端中输入`virt-manager`命令即可打开virt-manager界面。
通过界面上的操作菜单，可以创建、启动、停止和删除虚拟机。
2.使用命令行工具。
KVM也提供了一系列命令行工具来创建和管理虚拟机。
例如，可以使用以下命令创建一个虚拟机：```virt-install \--name myvm \--ram 1024 \--disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/myvm.img,size=10 \--vcpus 1 \--os-type linux \--os-variant ubuntu20.04 \--network bridge=virbr0 \--graphics none \--console pty,target_type=serial```这个命令将创建一个名为myvm的虚拟机，分配1GB的内存，10GB 的磁盘空间，使用Ubuntu 20.04作为操作系统，并连接到virbr0网桥。
2020年豪威系列磁盘阵列使用手册精编版
豪威系列磁盘陈列使用手册系统说明1 前板说明硬盘指示灯1.1硬盘灯指示3.菜单Menu下面将列出SB-2805SA 的设定菜单menu 及选择项目Quick Volume / Raid SetupRaid Set FunctionVolume Set FunctionPhysical DrivesMain MenuRaid System FunctionEthernet ConfigurationView System EventsClear Event BufferHardware MonitorSystem InformationRaid 0Selected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128KYes, NoRaid 1 or 0+1Selected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128KYes, NoRaid 0+1 +SpareSelected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128KYes, NoRaid 3Raid 5Selected CapacityYes, NoSelected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128K Yes, NoRaid 3 + SpareSelected CapacityYes, NoRaid 5 + SpareSelected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128KYes, NoRaid 6Selected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128KYes, NoRaid 6 + SpareSelected Capacity4K,8K,16K,32K,64K,128K Yes, No精选文档Create Raid SetSelect IDE Drives for Raid SetCh01 ~ Ch16Create Raid Set Yes, NoDelete Raid SetEdit The Raid Set NameSelect Raid Set To DeleteYes, NoAre you sure?Yes, NoExpand Raid SetSelect IDE Drives for Raid Set ExpansionSelect Drives IDE ChannelChxx ~ Ch16 Yes, NoAre you sure?Yes, NoRaid Set FunctionActivate Raid SetSelect Raid Set To ActiveActivate Raid SetYes, NoAre You Sure?Yes, NoCreate Hot Spare DiskMax 3 Hot spare supportedChxx ~ Ch16 Yes, NoDelete Hot Spare DiskSelect The Hot Spare Device To Be DeletedDelete Hot SpareYes, NoRaid Set InformationSelect Raid Set To DisplayCreate Volume Set Create Volume From Raid Set Volume CreationCreate VolumeVolume Name, Raid Level,Capacity, Stripe Size, SCSI Channel, SCSI ID, SCSI LUN, Cache Mode, Tag Queuing, Max Sync RateYes, NoForeground, BackgroundDelete Volume SetDelete Volume From Raid SetSelect Volume To DeleteYes, NoAre you sure?Yes, NoVolume Set FunctionModify Volume SetModify Volume From Raid SetSelect Volume To ModifyVolume ModificationVolume Name, Raid Level, Capacity, Stripe Size, SCSI Channel, SCSI ID, SCSI LUN, Cache Mode,Tag Queuing, Max Sync RateCheck Volume SetYes, NoAre you sure?Yes, NoCheck Volume From Raid SetSelect Volume To CheckYes, NoStop Volume CheckStop All Volume CheckYes, No Yes, NoDisplay Volume Info.Display Volume Info in RaidSelect Volume To Display精选文档View Drive InformationSelect The DrivesCreate Pass Through DiskSelect The DrivesModify Pass Through DiskSCSI Channel, SCSI ID, SCSI LUN, Cache Mode,Tag Queuing, Max Sync RatePhysical DrivesSelect The DrivesSCSI Channel, SCSI ID, SCSI LUN, Cache Mode, Tag Queuing, Max Sync RateDelete Pass Through DiskSelect The DrivesDelete Pass ThroughYes, No Are you sure?Yes, NoIdentify Selected DriveSelect The DrivesMute The Alert BeeperAlert Beeper Setting Yes, NoDisabled, EnabledSave The Yes, NoChange PasswordEnter New PasswordRe-Enter PasswordSave The PasswordJBOD / RAID FunctionRAID, JBODConfigured AS JBOD?Yes, NoYes, No Raid System FunctionAre you sure?Yes, NoRaid Rebuild Priority UltraLow(5%), Low(20%), Medium(50%),High(80%)Save The Settings Yes, NoTerminal Port ConfigBaud Rate 1200,2400,4800,9600,19200,38400,57600,115200 Stop Bits1 bit,2 bitsUpdate FirmwareRestart ControllerYes, No Are you sure?Yes, NoEthernet ConfigurationDHCP FunctionLocal IP AddressDisabled, EnabledView System Events Show System Events Clear Event Buffer Clear Event BufferYes, NoHardware Monitor The Hard Monitor InformationSystem InformationThe System Information4、创建RAID级别：1、输入密码八个0000002、选择Quick Volume/Raid setup3、选择（RAID）级别Raid5或者Raid5+spare4、选择selected capacity5、选择select stripe size ——4K、8K、16K、32K、64K、128K6、选择create vol raidset7、选择Yey5. Web Base操作界面使用者可另外连接网络在远端利用网际浏览器作更详细之显示与操作。
Native Instruments MASCHINE MIKRO MK3用户手册说明书
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Native Instruments GmbH. The software described by this docu-ment is subject to a License Agreement and may not be copied to other media. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced or otherwise transmitted or recorded, for any purpose, without prior written permission by Native Instruments GmbH, hereinafter referred to as Native Instruments.“Native Instruments”, “NI” and associated logos are (registered) trademarks of Native Instru-ments GmbH.ASIO, VST, HALion and Cubase are registered trademarks of Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH.All other product and company names are trademarks™ or registered® trademarks of their re-spective holders. Use of them does not imply any affiliation with or endorsement by them.Document authored by: David Gover and Nico Sidi.Software version: 2.8 (02/2019)Hardware version: MASCHINE MIKRO MK3Special thanks to the Beta Test Team, who were invaluable not just in tracking down bugs, but in making this a better product.NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH Schlesische Str. 29-30D-10997 Berlin Germanywww.native-instruments.de NATIVE INSTRUMENTS North America, Inc. 6725 Sunset Boulevard5th FloorLos Angeles, CA 90028USANATIVE INSTRUMENTS K.K.YO Building 3FJingumae 6-7-15, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0001Japanwww.native-instruments.co.jp NATIVE INSTRUMENTS UK Limited 18 Phipp StreetLondon EC2A 4NUUKNATIVE INSTRUMENTS FRANCE SARL 113 Rue Saint-Maur75011 ParisFrance SHENZHEN NATIVE INSTRUMENTS COMPANY Limited 5F, Shenzhen Zimao Center111 Taizi Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, GuangdongChina© NATIVE INSTRUMENTS GmbH, 2019. All rights reserved.Table of Contents1Welcome to MASCHINE (23)1.1MASCHINE Documentation (24)1.2Document Conventions (25)1.3New Features in MASCHINE 2.8 (26)1.4New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.10 (28)1.5New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.8 (29)1.6New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.7 (29)1.7New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.4 (31)1.8New Features in MASCHINE 2.7.3 (33)2Quick Reference (35)2.1MASCHINE Project Overview (35)2.1.1Sound Content (35)2.1.2Arrangement (37)2.2MASCHINE Hardware Overview (40)2.2.1MASCHINE MIKRO Hardware Overview (40)2.2.1.1Browser Section (41)2.2.1.2Edit Section (42)2.2.1.3Performance Section (43)2.2.1.4Transport Section (45)2.2.1.5Pad Section (46)2.2.1.6Rear Panel (50)2.3MASCHINE Software Overview (51)2.3.1Header (52)2.3.2Browser (54)2.3.3Arranger (56)2.3.4Control Area (59)2.3.5Pattern Editor (60)3Basic Concepts (62)3.1Important Names and Concepts (62)3.2Adjusting the MASCHINE User Interface (65)3.2.1Adjusting the Size of the Interface (65)3.2.2Switching between Ideas View and Song View (66)3.2.3Showing/Hiding the Browser (67)3.2.4Showing/Hiding the Control Lane (67)3.3Common Operations (68)3.3.1Adjusting Volume, Swing, and Tempo (68)3.3.2Undo/Redo (71)3.3.3Focusing on a Group or a Sound (73)3.3.4Switching Between the Master, Group, and Sound Level (77)3.3.5Navigating Channel Properties, Plug-ins, and Parameter Pages in the Control Area.773.3.6Navigating the Software Using the Controller (82)3.3.7Using Two or More Hardware Controllers (82)3.3.8Loading a Recent Project from the Controller (84)3.4Native Kontrol Standard (85)3.5Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (86)3.5.1Differences between Stand-Alone and Plug-in Mode (86)3.5.2Switching Instances (88)3.6Preferences (88)3.6.1Preferences – General Page (89)3.6.2Preferences – Audio Page (93)3.6.3Preferences – MIDI Page (95)3.6.4Preferences – Default Page (97)3.6.5Preferences – Library Page (101)3.6.6Preferences – Plug-ins Page (109)3.6.7Preferences – Hardware Page (114)3.6.8Preferences – Colors Page (114)3.7Integrating MASCHINE into a MIDI Setup (117)3.7.1Connecting External MIDI Equipment (117)3.7.2Sync to External MIDI Clock (117)3.7.3Send MIDI Clock (118)3.7.4Using MIDI Mode (119)3.8Syncing MASCHINE using Ableton Link (120)3.8.1Connecting to a Network (121)3.8.2Joining and Leaving a Link Session (121)4Browser (123)4.1Browser Basics (123)4.1.1The MASCHINE Library (123)4.1.2Browsing the Library vs. Browsing Your Hard Disks (124)4.2Searching and Loading Files from the Library (125)4.2.1Overview of the Library Pane (125)4.2.2Selecting or Loading a Product and Selecting a Bank from the Browser (128)4.2.3Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank (133)4.2.3.1Selecting a Product Category, a Product, a Bank, and a Sub-Bank on theController (137)4.2.4Selecting a File Type (137)4.2.5Choosing Between Factory and User Content (138)4.2.6Selecting Type and Character Tags (138)4.2.7Performing a Text Search (142)4.2.8Loading a File from the Result List (143)4.3Additional Browsing Tools (148)4.3.1Loading the Selected Files Automatically (148)4.3.2Auditioning Instrument Presets (149)4.3.3Auditioning Samples (150)4.3.4Loading Groups with Patterns (150)4.3.5Loading Groups with Routing (151)4.3.6Displaying File Information (151)4.4Using Favorites in the Browser (152)4.5Editing the Files’ Tags and Properties (155)4.5.1Attribute Editor Basics (155)4.5.2The Bank Page (157)4.5.3The Types and Characters Pages (157)4.5.4The Properties Page (160)4.6Loading and Importing Files from Your File System (161)4.6.1Overview of the FILES Pane (161)4.6.2Using Favorites (163)4.6.3Using the Location Bar (164)4.6.4Navigating to Recent Locations (165)4.6.5Using the Result List (166)4.6.6Importing Files to the MASCHINE Library (169)4.7Locating Missing Samples (171)4.8Using Quick Browse (173)5Managing Sounds, Groups, and Your Project (175)5.1Overview of the Sounds, Groups, and Master (175)5.1.1The Sound, Group, and Master Channels (176)5.1.2Similarities and Differences in Handling Sounds and Groups (177)5.1.3Selecting Multiple Sounds or Groups (178)5.2Managing Sounds (181)5.2.1Loading Sounds (183)5.2.2Pre-listening to Sounds (184)5.2.3Renaming Sound Slots (185)5.2.4Changing the Sound’s Color (186)5.2.5Saving Sounds (187)5.2.6Copying and Pasting Sounds (189)5.2.7Moving Sounds (192)5.2.8Resetting Sound Slots (193)5.3Managing Groups (194)5.3.1Creating Groups (196)5.3.2Loading Groups (197)5.3.3Renaming Groups (198)5.3.4Changing the Group’s Color (199)5.3.5Saving Groups (200)5.3.6Copying and Pasting Groups (202)5.3.7Reordering Groups (206)5.3.8Deleting Groups (207)5.4Exporting MASCHINE Objects and Audio (208)5.4.1Saving a Group with its Samples (208)5.4.2Saving a Project with its Samples (210)5.4.3Exporting Audio (212)5.5Importing Third-Party File Formats (218)5.5.1Loading REX Files into Sound Slots (218)5.5.2Importing MPC Programs to Groups (219)6Playing on the Controller (223)6.1Adjusting the Pads (223)6.1.1The Pad View in the Software (223)6.1.2Choosing a Pad Input Mode (225)6.1.3Adjusting the Base Key (226)6.2Adjusting the Key, Choke, and Link Parameters for Multiple Sounds (227)6.3Playing Tools (229)6.3.1Mute and Solo (229)6.3.2Choke All Notes (233)6.3.3Groove (233)6.3.4Level, Tempo, Tune, and Groove Shortcuts on Your Controller (235)6.3.5Tap Tempo (235)6.4Performance Features (236)6.4.1Overview of the Perform Features (236)6.4.2Selecting a Scale and Creating Chords (239)6.4.3Scale and Chord Parameters (240)6.4.4Creating Arpeggios and Repeated Notes (253)6.4.5Swing on Note Repeat / Arp Output (257)6.5Using Lock Snapshots (257)6.5.1Creating a Lock Snapshot (257)7Working with Plug-ins (259)7.1Plug-in Overview (259)7.1.1Plug-in Basics (259)7.1.2First Plug-in Slot of Sounds: Choosing the Sound’s Role (263)7.1.3Loading, Removing, and Replacing a Plug-in (264)7.1.4Adjusting the Plug-in Parameters (270)7.1.5Bypassing Plug-in Slots (270)7.1.6Using Side-Chain (272)7.1.7Moving Plug-ins (272)7.1.8Alternative: the Plug-in Strip (273)7.1.9Saving and Recalling Plug-in Presets (273)7.1.9.1Saving Plug-in Presets (274)7.1.9.2Recalling Plug-in Presets (275)7.1.9.3Removing a Default Plug-in Preset (276)7.2The Sampler Plug-in (277)7.2.1Page 1: Voice Settings / Engine (279)7.2.2Page 2: Pitch / Envelope (281)7.2.3Page 3: FX / Filter (283)7.2.4Page 4: Modulation (285)7.2.5Page 5: LFO (286)7.2.6Page 6: Velocity / Modwheel (288)7.3Using Native Instruments and External Plug-ins (289)7.3.1Opening/Closing Plug-in Windows (289)7.3.2Using the VST/AU Plug-in Parameters (292)7.3.3Setting Up Your Own Parameter Pages (293)7.3.4Using VST/AU Plug-in Presets (298)7.3.5Multiple-Output Plug-ins and Multitimbral Plug-ins (300)8Using the Audio Plug-in (302)8.1Loading a Loop into the Audio Plug-in (306)8.2Editing Audio in the Audio Plug-in (307)8.3Using Loop Mode (308)8.4Using Gate Mode (310)9Using the Drumsynths (312)9.1Drumsynths – General Handling (313)9.1.1Engines: Many Different Drums per Drumsynth (313)9.1.2Common Parameter Organization (313)9.1.3Shared Parameters (316)9.1.4Various Velocity Responses (316)9.1.5Pitch Range, Tuning, and MIDI Notes (316)9.2The Kicks (317)9.2.1Kick – Sub (319)9.2.2Kick – Tronic (321)9.2.3Kick – Dusty (324)9.2.4Kick – Grit (325)9.2.5Kick – Rasper (328)9.2.6Kick – Snappy (329)9.2.7Kick – Bold (331)9.2.8Kick – Maple (333)9.2.9Kick – Push (334)9.3The Snares (336)9.3.1Snare – Volt (338)9.3.2Snare – Bit (340)9.3.3Snare – Pow (342)9.3.4Snare – Sharp (343)9.3.5Snare – Airy (345)9.3.6Snare – Vintage (347)9.3.7Snare – Chrome (349)9.3.8Snare – Iron (351)9.3.9Snare – Clap (353)9.3.10Snare – Breaker (355)9.4The Hi-hats (357)9.4.1Hi-hat – Silver (358)9.4.2Hi-hat – Circuit (360)9.4.3Hi-hat – Memory (362)9.4.4Hi-hat – Hybrid (364)9.4.5Creating a Pattern with Closed and Open Hi-hats (366)9.5The Toms (367)9.5.1Tom – Tronic (369)9.5.2Tom – Fractal (371)9.5.3Tom – Floor (375)9.5.4Tom – High (377)9.6The Percussions (378)9.6.1Percussion – Fractal (380)9.6.2Percussion – Kettle (383)9.6.3Percussion – Shaker (385)9.7The Cymbals (389)9.7.1Cymbal – Crash (391)9.7.2Cymbal – Ride (393)10Using the Bass Synth (396)10.1Bass Synth – General Handling (397)10.1.1Parameter Organization (397)10.1.2Bass Synth Parameters (399)11Working with Patterns (401)11.1Pattern Basics (401)11.1.1Pattern Editor Overview (402)11.1.2Navigating the Event Area (404)11.1.3Following the Playback Position in the Pattern (406)11.1.4Jumping to Another Playback Position in the Pattern (407)11.1.5Group View and Keyboard View (408)11.1.6Adjusting the Arrange Grid and the Pattern Length (410)11.1.7Adjusting the Step Grid and the Nudge Grid (413)11.2Recording Patterns in Real Time (416)11.2.1Recording Your Patterns Live (417)11.2.2Using the Metronome (419)11.2.3Recording with Count-in (420)11.3Recording Patterns with the Step Sequencer (422)11.3.1Step Mode Basics (422)11.3.2Editing Events in Step Mode (424)11.4Editing Events (425)11.4.1Editing Events with the Mouse: an Overview (425)11.4.2Creating Events/Notes (428)11.4.3Selecting Events/Notes (429)11.4.4Editing Selected Events/Notes (431)11.4.5Deleting Events/Notes (434)11.4.6Cut, Copy, and Paste Events/Notes (436)11.4.7Quantizing Events/Notes (439)11.4.8Quantization While Playing (441)11.4.9Doubling a Pattern (442)11.4.10Adding Variation to Patterns (442)11.5Recording and Editing Modulation (443)11.5.1Which Parameters Are Modulatable? (444)11.5.2Recording Modulation (446)11.5.3Creating and Editing Modulation in the Control Lane (447)11.6Creating MIDI Tracks from Scratch in MASCHINE (452)11.7Managing Patterns (454)11.7.1The Pattern Manager and Pattern Mode (455)11.7.2Selecting Patterns and Pattern Banks (456)11.7.3Creating Patterns (459)11.7.4Deleting Patterns (460)11.7.5Creating and Deleting Pattern Banks (461)11.7.6Naming Patterns (463)11.7.7Changing the Pattern’s Color (465)11.7.8Duplicating, Copying, and Pasting Patterns (466)11.7.9Moving Patterns (469)11.8Importing/Exporting Audio and MIDI to/from Patterns (470)11.8.1Exporting Audio from Patterns (470)11.8.2Exporting MIDI from Patterns (472)11.8.3Importing MIDI to Patterns (474)12Audio Routing, Remote Control, and Macro Controls (483)12.1Audio Routing in MASCHINE (484)12.1.1Sending External Audio to Sounds (485)12.1.2Configuring the Main Output of Sounds and Groups (489)12.1.3Setting Up Auxiliary Outputs for Sounds and Groups (494)12.1.4Configuring the Master and Cue Outputs of MASCHINE (497)12.1.5Mono Audio Inputs (502)12.1.5.1Configuring External Inputs for Sounds in Mix View (503)12.2Using MIDI Control and Host Automation (506)12.2.1Triggering Sounds via MIDI Notes (507)12.2.2Triggering Scenes via MIDI (513)12.2.3Controlling Parameters via MIDI and Host Automation (514)12.2.4Selecting VST/AU Plug-in Presets via MIDI Program Change (522)12.2.5Sending MIDI from Sounds (523)12.3Creating Custom Sets of Parameters with the Macro Controls (527)12.3.1Macro Control Overview (527)12.3.2Assigning Macro Controls Using the Software (528)13Controlling Your Mix (535)13.1Mix View Basics (535)13.1.1Switching between Arrange View and Mix View (535)13.1.2Mix View Elements (536)13.2The Mixer (537)13.2.1Displaying Groups vs. Displaying Sounds (539)13.2.2Adjusting the Mixer Layout (541)13.2.3Selecting Channel Strips (542)13.2.4Managing Your Channels in the Mixer (543)13.2.5Adjusting Settings in the Channel Strips (545)13.2.6Using the Cue Bus (549)13.3The Plug-in Chain (551)13.4The Plug-in Strip (552)13.4.1The Plug-in Header (554)13.4.2Panels for Drumsynths and Internal Effects (556)13.4.3Panel for the Sampler (557)13.4.4Custom Panels for Native Instruments Plug-ins (560)13.4.5Undocking a Plug-in Panel (Native Instruments and External Plug-ins Only) (564)14Using Effects (567)14.1Applying Effects to a Sound, a Group or the Master (567)14.1.1Adding an Effect (567)14.1.2Other Operations on Effects (574)14.1.3Using the Side-Chain Input (575)14.2Applying Effects to External Audio (578)14.2.1Step 1: Configure MASCHINE Audio Inputs (578)14.2.2Step 2: Set up a Sound to Receive the External Input (579)14.2.3Step 3: Load an Effect to Process an Input (579)14.3Creating a Send Effect (580)14.3.1Step 1: Set Up a Sound or Group as Send Effect (581)14.3.2Step 2: Route Audio to the Send Effect (583)14.3.3 A Few Notes on Send Effects (583)14.4Creating Multi-Effects (584)15Effect Reference (587)15.1Dynamics (588)15.1.1Compressor (588)15.1.2Gate (591)15.1.3Transient Master (594)15.1.4Limiter (596)15.1.5Maximizer (600)15.2Filtering Effects (603)15.2.1EQ (603)15.2.2Filter (605)15.2.3Cabinet (609)15.3Modulation Effects (611)15.3.1Chorus (611)15.3.2Flanger (612)15.3.3FM (613)15.3.4Freq Shifter (615)15.3.5Phaser (616)15.4Spatial and Reverb Effects (617)15.4.1Ice (617)15.4.2Metaverb (619)15.4.3Reflex (620)15.4.4Reverb (Legacy) (621)15.4.5Reverb (623)15.4.5.1Reverb Room (623)15.4.5.2Reverb Hall (626)15.4.5.3Plate Reverb (629)15.5Delays (630)15.5.1Beat Delay (630)15.5.2Grain Delay (632)15.5.3Grain Stretch (634)15.5.4Resochord (636)15.6Distortion Effects (638)15.6.1Distortion (638)15.6.2Lofi (640)15.6.3Saturator (641)15.7Perform FX (645)15.7.1Filter (646)15.7.2Flanger (648)15.7.3Burst Echo (650)15.7.4Reso Echo (653)15.7.5Ring (656)15.7.6Stutter (658)15.7.7Tremolo (661)15.7.8Scratcher (664)16Working with the Arranger (667)16.1Arranger Basics (667)16.1.1Navigating Song View (670)16.1.2Following the Playback Position in Your Project (672)16.1.3Performing with Scenes and Sections using the Pads (673)16.2Using Ideas View (677)16.2.1Scene Overview (677)16.2.2Creating Scenes (679)16.2.3Assigning and Removing Patterns (679)16.2.4Selecting Scenes (682)16.2.5Deleting Scenes (684)16.2.6Creating and Deleting Scene Banks (685)16.2.7Clearing Scenes (685)16.2.8Duplicating Scenes (685)16.2.9Reordering Scenes (687)16.2.10Making Scenes Unique (688)16.2.11Appending Scenes to Arrangement (689)16.2.12Naming Scenes (689)16.2.13Changing the Color of a Scene (690)16.3Using Song View (692)16.3.1Section Management Overview (692)16.3.2Creating Sections (694)16.3.3Assigning a Scene to a Section (695)16.3.4Selecting Sections and Section Banks (696)16.3.5Reorganizing Sections (700)16.3.6Adjusting the Length of a Section (702)16.3.6.1Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Software (703)16.3.6.2Adjusting the Length of a Section Using the Controller (705)16.3.7Clearing a Pattern in Song View (705)16.3.8Duplicating Sections (705)16.3.8.1Making Sections Unique (707)16.3.9Removing Sections (707)16.3.10Renaming Scenes (708)16.3.11Clearing Sections (710)16.3.12Creating and Deleting Section Banks (710)16.3.13Working with Patterns in Song view (710)16.3.13.1Creating a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.2Selecting a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.3Clearing a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.4Renaming a Pattern in Song View (711)16.3.13.5Coloring a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.13.6Removing a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.13.7Duplicating a Pattern in Song View (712)16.3.14Enabling Auto Length (713)16.3.15Looping (714)16.3.15.1Setting the Loop Range in the Software (714)16.3.15.2Activating or Deactivating a Loop Using the Controller (715)16.4Playing with Sections (715)16.4.1Jumping to another Playback Position in Your Project (716)16.5Triggering Sections or Scenes via MIDI (717)16.6The Arrange Grid (719)16.7Quick Grid (720)17Sampling and Sample Mapping (722)17.1Opening the Sample Editor (722)17.2Recording Audio (724)17.2.1Opening the Record Page (724)17.2.2Selecting the Source and the Recording Mode (725)17.2.3Arming, Starting, and Stopping the Recording (729)17.2.5Checking Your Recordings (731)17.2.6Location and Name of Your Recorded Samples (734)17.3Editing a Sample (735)17.3.1Using the Edit Page (735)17.3.2Audio Editing Functions (739)17.4Slicing a Sample (743)17.4.1Opening the Slice Page (743)17.4.2Adjusting the Slicing Settings (744)17.4.3Manually Adjusting Your Slices (746)17.4.4Applying the Slicing (750)17.5Mapping Samples to Zones (754)17.5.1Opening the Zone Page (754)17.5.2Zone Page Overview (755)17.5.3Selecting and Managing Zones in the Zone List (756)17.5.4Selecting and Editing Zones in the Map View (761)17.5.5Editing Zones in the Sample View (765)17.5.6Adjusting the Zone Settings (767)17.5.7Adding Samples to the Sample Map (770)18Appendix: Tips for Playing Live (772)18.1Preparations (772)18.1.1Focus on the Hardware (772)18.1.2Customize the Pads of the Hardware (772)18.1.3Check Your CPU Power Before Playing (772)18.1.4Name and Color Your Groups, Patterns, Sounds and Scenes (773)18.1.5Consider Using a Limiter on Your Master (773)18.1.6Hook Up Your Other Gear and Sync It with MIDI Clock (773)18.1.7Improvise (773)18.2Basic Techniques (773)18.2.1Use Mute and Solo (773)18.2.2Create Variations of Your Drum Patterns in the Step Sequencer (774)18.2.3Use Note Repeat (774)18.2.4Set Up Your Own Multi-effect Groups and Automate Them (774)18.3Special Tricks (774)18.3.1Changing Pattern Length for Variation (774)18.3.2Using Loops to Cycle Through Samples (775)18.3.3Load Long Audio Files and Play with the Start Point (775)19Troubleshooting (776)19.1Knowledge Base (776)19.2Technical Support (776)19.3Registration Support (777)19.4User Forum (777)20Glossary (778)Index (786)1Welcome to MASCHINEThank you for buying MASCHINE!MASCHINE is a groove production studio that implements the familiar working style of classi-cal groove boxes along with the advantages of a computer based system. MASCHINE is ideal for making music live, as well as in the studio. It’s the hands-on aspect of a dedicated instru-ment, the MASCHINE hardware controller, united with the advanced editing features of the MASCHINE software.Creating beats is often not very intuitive with a computer, but using the MASCHINE hardware controller to do it makes it easy and fun. You can tap in freely with the pads or use Note Re-peat to jam along. Alternatively, build your beats using the step sequencer just as in classic drum machines.Patterns can be intuitively combined and rearranged on the fly to form larger ideas. You can try out several different versions of a song without ever having to stop the music.Since you can integrate it into any sequencer that supports VST, AU, or AAX plug-ins, you can reap the benefits in almost any software setup, or use it as a stand-alone application. You can sample your own material, slice loops and rearrange them easily.However, MASCHINE is a lot more than an ordinary groovebox or sampler: it comes with an inspiring 7-gigabyte library, and a sophisticated, yet easy to use tag-based Browser to give you instant access to the sounds you are looking for.What’s more, MASCHINE provides lots of options for manipulating your sounds via internal ef-fects and other sound-shaping possibilities. You can also control external MIDI hardware and 3rd-party software with the MASCHINE hardware controller, while customizing the functions of the pads, knobs and buttons according to your needs utilizing the included Controller Editor application. We hope you enjoy this fantastic instrument as much as we do. Now let’s get go-ing!—The MASCHINE team at Native Instruments.MASCHINE Documentation1.1MASCHINE DocumentationNative Instruments provide many information sources regarding MASCHINE. The main docu-ments should be read in the following sequence:1.MASCHINE MIKRO Quick Start Guide: This animated online guide provides a practical ap-proach to help you learn the basic of MASCHINE MIKRO. The guide is available from theNative Instruments website: https:///maschine-mikro-quick-start/2.MASCHINE Manual (this document): The MASCHINE Manual provides you with a compre-hensive description of all MASCHINE software and hardware features.Additional documentation sources provide you with details on more specific topics:►Online Support Videos: You can find a number of support videos on The Official Native In-struments Support Channel under the following URL: https:///NIsupport-EN. We recommend that you follow along with these instructions while the respective ap-plication is running on your computer.Other Online Resources:If you are experiencing problems related to your Native Instruments product that the supplied documentation does not cover, there are several ways of getting help:▪Knowledge Base▪User Forum▪Technical Support▪Registration SupportYou will find more information on these subjects in the chapter Troubleshooting.Document Conventions1.2Document ConventionsThis section introduces you to the signage and text highlighting used in this manual. This man-ual uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of potential issues.The icons introducing these notes let you see what kind of information is to be expected:This document uses particular formatting to point out special facts and to warn you of poten-tial issues. The icons introducing the following notes let you see what kind of information canbe expected:Furthermore, the following formatting is used:▪Text appearing in (drop-down) menus (such as Open…, Save as… etc.) in the software andpaths to locations on your hard disk or other storage devices is printed in italics.▪Text appearing elsewhere (labels of buttons, controls, text next to checkboxes etc.) in thesoftware is printed in blue. Whenever you see this formatting applied, you will find thesame text appearing somewhere on the screen.▪Text appearing on the displays of the controller is printed in light grey. Whenever you seethis formatting applied, you will find the same text on a controller display.▪Text appearing on labels of the hardware controller is printed in orange. Whenever you seethis formatting applied, you will find the same text on the controller.▪Important names and concepts are printed in bold.▪References to keys on your computer’s keyboard you’ll find put in square brackets (e.g.,“Press [Shift] + [Enter]”).►Single instructions are introduced by this play button type arrow.→Results of actions are introduced by this smaller arrow.Naming ConventionThroughout the documentation we will refer to MASCHINE controller (or just controller) as the hardware controller and MASCHINE software as the software installed on your computer.The term “effect” will sometimes be abbreviated as “FX” when referring to elements in the MA-SCHINE software and hardware. These terms have the same meaning.Button Combinations and Shortcuts on Your ControllerMost instructions will use the “+” sign to indicate buttons (or buttons and pads) that must be pressed simultaneously, starting with the button indicated first. E.g., an instruction such as:“Press SHIFT + PLAY”means:1.Press and hold SHIFT.2.While holding SHIFT, press PLAY and release it.3.Release SHIFT.1.3New Features in MASCHINE2.8The following new features have been added to MASCHINE: Integration▪Browse on , create your own collections of loops and one-shots and send them directly to the MASCHINE browser.Improvements to the Browser▪Samples are now cataloged in separate Loops and One-shots tabs in the Browser.▪Previews of loops selected in the Browser will be played in sync with the current project.When a loop is selected with Prehear turned on, it will begin playing immediately in-sync with the project if transport is running. If a loop preview starts part-way through the loop, the loop will play once more for its full length to ensure you get to hear the entire loop once in context with your project.▪Filters and product selections will be remembered when switching between content types and Factory/User Libraries in the Browser.▪Browser content synchronization between multiple running instances. When running multi-ple instances of MASCHINE, either as Standalone and/or as a plug-in, updates to the Li-brary will be synced across the instances. For example, if you delete a sample from your User Library in one instance, the sample will no longer be present in the other instances.Similarly, if you save a preset in one instance, that preset will then be available in the oth-er instances, too.▪Edits made to samples in the Factory Libraries will be saved to the Standard User Directo-ry.For more information on these new features, refer to the following chapter ↑4, Browser. Improvements to the MASCHINE MIKRO MK3 Controller▪You can now set sample Start and End points using the controller. For more information refer to ↑17.3.1, Using the Edit Page.Improved Support for A-Series Keyboards▪When Browsing with A-Series keyboards, you can now jump quickly to the results list by holding SHIFT and pushing right on the 4D Encoder.▪When Browsing with A-Series keyboards, you can fast scroll through the Browser results list by holding SHIFT and twisting the 4D Encoder.▪Mute and Solo Sounds and Groups from A-Series keyboards. Sounds are muted in TRACK mode while Groups are muted in IDEAS.。
LevelOne KVM-0211 KVM-0411 KVM-0212 KVM-0412 2 4-P
LevelOneKVM-0211/KVM-0411KVM-0212/KVM-04122/4-Port PS/2 KVM SwitchUser ManualVer. 1.0.0-0711SafetyFCCThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.CEThis equipment is in compliance with the requirements of the following regulations: EN 55 022: CLASS BRoHSThis product is RoHS compliant.Table of Contents1.INTRODUCTION (1)1.1F EATURE OVERVIEW (1)1.2P ACKAGE C ONTENTS (2)2.HARDWARE INSTALLATION (3)1.1S TEP BY S TEP I NSTALLATION (3)2.2E ASY O PERATION (4)3.HOTKEY COMMAND TABLE (6)4.TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (7)1. IntroductionLevelOne KVM-0211/KVM-0411/KVM-0212/KVM-0412 is 2/4-port Slim Desktop PS/2 KVM Switch with optional audio and microphone switching function in select models. The KVM switch allows users to access, control two (KVM-0211/0212) or four (KVM-0411/0412)PS/2-enabled computers from a single console. (Keyboard, Monitor, Mouse, and speaker set and microphone). It also offers user-programmable simultaneous/independent switching of PC channel and Audio/Mic channel for flexible multimedia application with KVM switching. For users who might need to use a hotkey preceding sequence other than scroll locks, LevelOne KVM switch also offers five alternatives keys for easy configuration. Setup is fast and easy; plugging cables into the appropriate ports is all that is entailed. There is no software require; no need to get involved into complex installation routines. LevelOne KVM Switch provides two convenient methods to bring the KVM focus to the target computer:a) By pressing one of the port selection switches located on the unit’s front panel.b) By entering the hotkey combinations from the keyboard.There is no better way to access your multiple computers than with LevelOne KVM switch. By allowing a single console to manage all of the computers, the KVM switch eliminates the expense of purchasing a separate keyboard, monitor and mouse for each one. Additionally, it saves the extra space and energy costs that additional consoles would require, and it eliminates the inconvenience and waste effort involved in constantly having to move around from one computer to another.NoteKVM-0212 and KVM-0412 are non-audio models without Audio andMicrophone support.1.1 Feature overviewz2-port/4-port Slim Desktop PS/2 KVM switch with Audio Support(KVM-0211/KVM-0411)z Share Speakers and Microphone between computers (KVM-0211/KVM-0411)z Computer selection via hotkeys or push buttonsz Auto-scan mode for PC monitoringz LED display for easy status monitoringz High VGA resolution supports up to 2048 x 15361.2 Package Contentsz KVM-0211/KVM-0411/KVM-0212/KVM-0412z KVM Cable Setz CD Manualz Quick Installation GuideCheck to make sure that all of the components are present and in good condition.If anything is missing, or was damaged in shipping, please contact your dealer immediately. Read this manual thoroughly and follow the installation and operation procedures carefully to prevent any damage to the KVM switch or to any other devices on the installation.Note2-Port PS/2 KVM Switch KVM-0211 and KVM-0212 contains with 2 cable setsin the package.4-Port PS/2 KVM Switch KVM-0411 and KVM-0412 contains with 4 cable setsin the package.2. Hardware InstallationThe default setting of the KVM-0211/KVM-0411/KVM-0212/KVM-0412is appropriate for most systems. The KVM Switch is a Plug-and-Play device for installation. In fact, user does not need to configure the KVM Switch before installation.For the first time installation of the KVM Switch, please follow the instructions below for setup sequence:1. Connect the shared keyboard, monitor and mouse (and optional speaker set andmicrophone) to the KVM Switch first, and then connect the computers.2. Power up your connected computersSince the KVM Switch receives power from the computer’s PS/2 interface, it is powered up when user connects the KVM Switch to a PC.Please see next section for detail installation.1.1 Step by Step InstallationTake the companion CD, KVM Cables and the KVM Switch out of the box and follow the steps below for installation.1. Make sure all the computers that are to be connected to the KVM Switch and theirperipherals are in powered-off state. If not, power them off before proceed with the following steps.2. Connect the shared PS/2 keyboard, PS/2 mouse, D-Sub monitor, speaker set andmicrophone to the KVM switch.3. Connect each of the computers to the KVM switch, using appropriate KVM & Audio/MICcables that companion with KVM switch in the package. Please note that the models KVM-0212 and KVM-0412 does not support audio switching function.4. Power up the connected computers one by one. After your computers are powered up,the keyboard and mouse will be recognized and now you can begin operating the KVM switch.2.2 Easy OperationThere are two methods to control the KVM Switch for PC switching: using the Face-Panel Push Buttons or Hotkey Commands. For audio/MIC switching, use the hotkey command.Face-Panel ButtonsThe Face-Panel Buttons allow a direct control over PC port switching; simply press the button to switch PC port. By default, PC port switching and Audio/MIC switching are bound together (both will be switched simultaneously).If you want to disable the binding of PC and audio/MIC port switching, use the hotkey sequence, Scroll Lock+Scroll Lock +W. To enable the binding again, just hit Scroll Lock+Scroll Lock+ Q.Keyboard hotkeyA keyboard hotkey sequence consists of at least three specific keystrokes:Hotkey Commands = [Scroll Lock]* + [Scroll Lock] * + Command key(s)* User-definable = SCROLL LOCK, CAPS, ESC, F12 or NUM LOCKHotkey preceding sequence configuration: For users who want to use a preceding sequence other than two consecutive Scroll Locks, there are convenient ways to configure it:1. Hit Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + H, then the KVM switch will be ready for new precedingsequence selection. Or Press and hold down the last front-panel button (Button 2 or Button 4) for over 8 seconds, and then release the button.2. Select and press the key you would like to use as your preceding sequence (ScrollLock, Caps, ESC, F12 or Num Lock keys are available for selection). Now you can use the new preceding sequence to execute your hotkey commands.Each keystroke within a hotkey sequence should be pressed within 2 seconds. Otherwise, the hotkey sequence will not be validated.3. Hotkey Command TableCommand HotkeyPC Channel Selection Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + (X) (X) = 1 ~ 2 or 1 ~ 4 for PC channelBinding PC andAudio/Mic Switching(Default value)Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + QUnbind PC andAudio/Mic SwitchingScroll Lock + Scroll Lock + WSelection Audio/MicChannel Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + F(X)(X) = 1 ~ 2 or 1 ~ 4 for PC channel* Function Key F1 ~ F4 on the keyboardNext Higher PCChannelScroll Lock + Scroll Lock + ↑Next Lower PCChannelScroll Lock + Scroll Lock + ↓Previous PC Channel Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + ←Define Hotkey Preceding Sequence Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + H + (X)(X) = Scroll Lock, CAPS, ESC, F12 or Num LockReset ConsoleKeyboard/MouseScroll Lock + Scroll Lock + End Auto Scan Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + SAuto Scan with Programmable DelayTime Scroll Lock + Scroll Lock + S + (X) (X) = 0 ~ 91 = ten seconds delay time2 = twenty seconds delay time0 = hundred seconds delay timeStop Auto Scan Press any key on the keyboard4. Technical SpecificationModel No. KVM-0211/0212KVM-0411/0412 PC Port 2 4PC Port Connector(All Female Types)VGA HDDB 15pin-F (integrated with PS/2 interface)Local Console Port (All Female Types)1 x PS/2 Keyboard 6-pin Mini Din-F1 x PS/2 Mouse 6 pin Mini Din-F1x HDB 15-pin-F1 x 3.5 mm audio/mic jack (KVM-0211/0411)PC selection HotKeys, Push ButtonPC Port LED 2 (Green) 4 (Green)Keyboard Emulation PS/2Mouse Emulation PS/2VGA Resolution 2048 x 1536Housing PlasticKVM Switch Power Type PS/2 Interface PowerOperation Temperature 0~40℃Storage Temperature -10 ~ 50℃Humidity 0~80%RHNon-Condensing Dimension (mm) 100(L) X 71.5(W) X 26 (H) 170(L) X 87(W) X 26 (H)。
Lenovo RackSwitch G8272 Networking OS 8.2 Release
Lenovo RackSwitch G8272Release Notes For Networking OS 8.2Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the general information in the Safety information and Environmental Notices and User Guide documents on the Lenovo Documentation CD and the Warranty Information document that comes with the product.First Edition (April 2015)© Copyright Lenovo 2015Portions © Copyright IBM Corporation 2014.LIMITED AND RESTRICTED RIGHTS NOTICE: If data or software is delivered pursuant a General Services Administration “GSA” contract, use, reproduction, or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in Contract No. GS-35F-05925.Lenovo and the Lenovo logo are trademarks of Lenovo in the United States, other countries, or both.Release NotesThis release supplement provides the latest information regarding LenovoNetworking OS 8.2 for the Lenovo RackSwitch G8272 (referred to as G8272throughout this document).This supplement modifies and extends the following Lenovo N/OS documentationfor use with N/OS 8.2:●Lenovo Networking OS 8.2 Application Guide●Lenovo Networking OS 8.2 ISCLI Reference●Lenovo RackSwitch G8272 Installation GuideThe publications listed above are available from the following website:/infocenter/systemx/documentation/index.jspPlease keep these release notes with your product manuals.© Copyright Lenovo 2015 Release Notes 3Hardware SupportN/OS 8.2 software is supported on the G8272, a high performance Layer 2-3network switch.The G8272 is a 1U rack-mountable aggregation switch with unmatched line-rateLayer 2 performance. The G8272 uses a wire-speed, non-blocking switching fabricthat provides simultaneous wire-speed transport of multiple packets at lowlatency on all ports.The switch unit contains the following switching ports:●Forty-eight 10 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) Small Form Pluggable Plus (SFP+) portswhich also support legacy 1 GbE connections●Six 40 GbE Quad Small Form Pluggable Plus (QSFP+) ports, each of which canoptionally be used as four 10 GbE SFP+ portsFigure1.RackSwitch G8272 front panel4 Lenovo G8272: Release NotesUpdating the Switch Software ImageThe switch software image is the executable code running on the G8272. A versionof the image comes pre-installed on the device. As new versions of the image arereleased, you can upgrade the software running on your switch. To get the latestversion of software supported for your G8272, go to the following website:/supportTo determine the software version currently used on the switch, use the followingswitch command:The typical upgrade process for the software image consists of the following steps:●Load a new software image and boot image onto an SFTP, FTP, or TFTP serveron your network.●Transfer the new images to your switch.●Specify the new software image as the one which will be loaded into switchmemory the next time a switch reset occurs.●Reset the switch.For instructions on the typical upgrade process, see “Loading New Software toYour Switch” on page5.Loading New Software to Your SwitchThe G8272 can store up to two different switch software images (called image1and image2) as well as special boot software (called boot). When you load newsoftware, you must specify where it should be placed: either into image1, image2,or boot.For example, if your active image is currently loaded into image1, you wouldprobably load the new image software into image2. This lets you test the newsoftware and reload the original active image (stored in image1), if needed.Attention: When you upgrade the switch software image, always load the newboot image and the new software image before you reset the switch. If you do notload a new boot image, your switch might not boot properly (To recover, see“Recovering from a Failed Software Upgrade” on page7).To load a new software image to your switch, you will need the following:●The image and boot software loaded on an SFTPFTP or TFTP server on yournetwork.Note:Be sure to download both the new boot file and the new image file.●The hostname or IP address of the SFTP, FTP, or TFTP serverNote:The DNS parameters must be configured if specifying hostnames.●The name of the new software image or boot fileWhen the software requirements are met, use the following procedures todownload the new software to your switch.© Copyright Lenovo 2015 Release Notes 51.In Privileged EXEC mode, enter the following command:RS 8272(config)#copy {sftp|tftp|ftp} {image1|image2|bootimage}2.Enter the hostname or IP address of the SFTP, FTP, or TFTP server.Address or name of remote host: <name or IP address>3.Enter the name of the new software file on the server.Source file name: <filename>The exact form of the name will vary by server. However, the file location isnormally relative to the SFTP, FTP, or TFTP directory (for example, tftpboot).4.If required by the SFTP, FTP, or TFTP server, enter the appropriate username andpassword.5.The switch will prompt you to confirm your request.Once confirmed, the software will begin loading into the switch.6.When loading is complete, use the following commands to enter GlobalConfiguration mode to select which software image (image1 or image2) you wantto run in switch memory for the next reboot:RS 8272#configure terminalRS 8272(config)#boot image {image1|image2}The system will then verify which image is set to be loaded at the next reset:Next boot will use switch software image1 instead of image2.7.Reboot the switch to run the new software:RS 8272(config)# reloadThe system prompts you to confirm your request. Once confirmed, the switch willreboot to use the new software.Note:If you select “No” when asked to confirm the reload, any changes made tothe configuration since the last reboot will be lost.6 Lenovo G8272: Release Notes© Copyright Lenovo 2015 Release Notes 7Supplemental InformationThis section provides additional information about configuring and operating the G8272 and N/OS.The Boot Management MenuThe Boot Management menu allows you to switch the software image, reset the switch to factory defaults, or to recover from a failed software download.You can interrupt the boot process and enter the Boot Management menu from the serial console port. When the system displays Memory Test, press <Shift B>. The Boot Management menu appears.The Boot Management menu allows you to perform the following actions: ●To change the booting image, press I and follow the screen prompts. ●To change the configuration block, press C , and follow the screen prompts. ●To perform a TFTP/Xmodem download, press R and follow the screen prompts.●To reboot the switch, press Q . The booting process restarts ●To exit the Boot Management menu, press E . The booting process continues.Recovering from a Failed Software UpgradeUse the following procedure to recover from a failed software upgrade.1.Connect a PC to the serial port of the switch.2.Open a terminal emulator program that supports XModem Download (forexample, HyperTerminal, SecureCRT, PuTTY) and select the following serial port characteristics:●Speed: 9600 bps ●Data Bits: 8●Stop Bits: 1●Parity: None ●Flow Control: None Resetting at 10:55:49 Sun Apr 19, 2015…Memory Test ................................Boot Management MenuI Change booting imageC Change configuration blockR Boot in recovery mode (tftp and xmodem download of images to recover switch)Q RebootE ExitPlease choose your menu option: ICurrent boot image is 1. Enter image to boot: 1 or 2: 2Booting from image 23.To access the Boot Management menu, you must interrupt the boot process fromthe Console port. Boot the G8272, and when the system begins displaying MemoryTest progress (a series of dots), press <Shift B>. The Boot Management menu willdisplay:Resetting at 10:55:49 Sun Apr 19, 2015…Memory Test ................................Boot Management MenuI Change booting imageC Change configuration blockR Boot in recovery mode (tftp and xmodem download of images to recoverswitch)Q RebootE ExitPlease choose your menu option:4.Select R for Boot in recovery mode. You will see the following display:Entering Rescue Mode.Please select one of the following options:T) Configure networking and tftp download an imageX) Use xmodem 1K to serial download an imageP) Physical presence (low security mode)F) Filesystem checkR) RebootE) ExitOption?:●If you choose option X (Xmodem serial download), go to step 5.●If you choose option T (TFTP download), go to step 6.8 Lenovo G8272: Release Notes5.Xmodem download: When you see the following message, change the Serial Portcharacteristics to 115200 bps:Change the baud rate to 115200 bps and hit the <ENTER> key beforeinitiating the download.a.Press <Enter> to set the system into download accept mode. When the readinessmeter displays (a series of “C” characters), start XModem on your terminalemulator.b.When you see the following message, change the Serial Port characteristics to9600 bps:Change the baud rate back to 9600 bps, hit the <ESC> key.c.When you see the following prompt, enter the image number where you want toinstall the new software and press <Enter>.Install image as image 1 or 2 (hit return to just boot image): 1d.The following message is displayed when the image download is complete.Continue to step 7.Entering Rescue Mode.Please select one of the following options:T) Configure networking and tftp download an imageX) Use xmodem 1K to serial download an imageP) Physical presence (low security mode)F) Filesystem checkR) RebootE) ExitOption?:© Copyright Lenovo 2015 Release Notes 96.TFTP download: The switch prompts you to enter the following information:Performing TFTP rescue. Please answer the following questions (enter 'q'to quit):IP addr :Server addr:Netmask :Gateway :Image Filename:a.Enter the required information and press <Enter>.b.You will see a display similar to the following:Host IP : 10.10.98.110Server IP : 10.10.98.100Netmask : 255.255.255.0Broadcast : 10.10.98.255Gateway : 10.10.98.254Installing image G82728.2.1.0_OS.img from TFTP server 10.10.98.100c.When you see the following prompt, enter the image number where you want toinstall the new software and press <Enter>.Install image as image 1 or 2 (hit return to just boot image): 1d.The following message is displayed when the image download is complete.Continue to step 7.Entering Rescue Mode.Please select one of the following options:T) Configure networking and tftp download an imageX) Use xmodem 1K to serial download an imageP) Physical presence (low security mode)F) Filesystem checkR) RebootE) ExitOption?:7.Image recovery is complete. Perform one of the following steps:●Press r to reboot the switch.●Press e to exit the Boot Management menu●Press the Escape key (<Esc>) to re-display the Boot Management menu.10 Lenovo G8272: Release NotesRecovering from a Failed Boot Image UpgradeUse the following procedure to recover from a failed boot image upgrade.1.Connect a PC to the serial port of the switch.2.Open a terminal emulator program that supports Xmodem download (such asHyperTerminal, CRT, or PuTTY) and select the following serial port characteristics:Speed: 9600 bpsData Bits: 8Stop Bits: 1Parity: None Flow Control: None3.Boot the switch and access the Boot Management menu by pressing <Shift B >while the Memory Test is in progress and the dots are being displayed.4.Select R to boot in recovery mode. Then choose option X (Xmodem serialdownload). You will see the following display:5.When you see the following message, change the Serial Port characteristics to115200 bps:a.Press <Enter > to set the system into download accept mode. When the readinessmeter displays (a series of “C” characters), start Xmodem on your terminalemulator.You will see a display similar to the following:b.When you see the following message, change the Serial Port characteristics to9600 bps: Perform xmodem downloadTo download an image use 1K Xmodem at 115200 bps.Change the baud rate to 115200 bps and hit the <ENTER> key beforeinitiating the download. Extracting images ... Do *NOT* power cycle the switch.**** RAMDISK ****Un Protected 38 sectorsErasing Flash......................................... doneErased 38 sectorsWriting to Flash...9....8....7....6....5....4....3....2....1....doneProtected 38 sectors**** KERNEL ****Un Protected 24 sectorsErasing Flash........................... doneErased 24 sectorsWriting to Flash...9....8....7....6....5....4....3....2....1....Change the baud rate back to 9600 bps, hit the <ESC> key.Boot image recovery is complete.Known IssuesThis section describes known issues for N/OS 8.2 on the RackSwitch G8272.Note:Please review the Change History documentation posted with the SwitchFirmware to check if any of these issues have been fixed in the latest release. FCoE: Configuration Download FCF ErrorWhen you download a configuration file with more than 12 Fibre ChannelForwarder VLANs that differ from those in the running configuration, a“configdownload:fcf error” occurs. (ID: LV304109)FCoE: Only 2048 Maximum Logins Allowed When Area Size is Set to 4096When the area size is set to 4096, maximum number of logins allowed per switchacross all VLANs remains at 2048, and the maximum number of logins allowed ina VLAN remains at 2048. (ID: LV300846)Python Throws Error When Checking Help ModulesA python exception is thrown when checking help (“modules”) in the switchpython shell. The supported modules are those from the python 2.6.8 distributionexcept for bsddb, curses, idlelib, lib-tk, and xml. (ID: LV299048, LV299106). QBG: Changed STG for a Dynamically-Created VLAN Appears “shutdown”If a VLAN is created statically and set to disabled using the VLAN configurationcommand:RS 8272(config-vlan)# shutdownthis will not influence QBG behavior on that VLAN. The user configuration is keptin the running configuration. (ID:XB295275)VLAG: Disconnecting ISL Ports Causes Loss in TrafficTraffic is lost when you disconnect and reconnect the ISL ports in a VLAG setupwith Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Upon reconnection, the ContentAddressable Memory (CAM) table does not synchronize. (ID: LV302019)。
30款刷机文件及BB5系列刷机软件（FTP下载）
QUOTE:
N73之APAC刷机文件（V2.0628）
QUOTE:
N73 RM-133_APAC_2.0628.0.0.1_v1.03.rar(需安装1.00版)
感谢cobera提供此文件
QUOTE:
N72之APAC刷机文件（2.0634）下面已有更新
QUOTE:
RM-180_APAC_v3.0_2.0634.2.0.1.rar
QUOTE:
包含以下文件:
RM-10_APAC_2.0_106100507.exe(63.7MB)
RM-10_APAC_2.1_106100507.exe(1.8MB)
先安装2.0后安装2.1
QUOTE:
RM-10_APAC_2.0_106100507.exe
QUOTE:
RM-10_APAC_2.1_106100507.exe
RM-180_APAC_v2.0_2.0625.2.0.2.exe(40.1MB)
QUOTE:
N70-1（即3G版N70）APAC刷机文件（V5.0616.2.0.3）下面已有更新
QUOTE:
RM-84_dp_v7.0_SW5.0616.2.0.3_APAC.exe(51.9MB)包含以下文件:
RM-84_dp_v7.0_SW5.0616.2.0.3_APAC.exe(51.9MB)
先安装1.0后安装01.01
QUOTE:
RM-67_Phone_Data_Package_APAC_1_0.exe
QUOTE:
RM-67_N71-Phone_Data_Package_APAC_01_01.exe
QUOTE:
7370之APAC刷机文件（V4.13 5.00）
Unicore UM4B0 Installation and Operation User Manu
U ni c o r e C o n f i dINSTALLATION AND OPERATIONUSER MANUALData subject to change without notice.Communications, Inc.Copyright© 2009-2021, Unicore RTK Positioning ModuleAll-constellation All-frequency GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo U M 4B0DisclaimerInformation in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Unicore Communications, Inc. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of a duly authorized representative of Unicore Communications, Inc. The information contained within this manual is believed to be true and correct at the time of publication.© Copyright 2009-2021 Unicore Communications, Inc. All rights RSV.UM4B0 User Manual ForewordThis <User Manual> offers you information in the features of the hardware, the installation, specification and use of UNICORECOMM UM4B0 product.This manual is a generic version. Please refer to the appropriate part of the manual according to your purchased product configuration, concerning CORS, RTK and Heading.Readers it applies toThis <User Manual> is applied to the technicists who know GNSS Receiver to some extent but not to the general readers.Contents1INTRODUCTION (1)1.1O VERVIEW (1)1.2K EY F EATURES (1)1.3T ECHNICAL S PECIFICATIONS (2)1.4I NTERFACES (2)2HARDWARE (3)2.1D IMENSIONS (3)2.2P IN D EFINITION (T OP V IEW) (4)2.3E LECTRICAL S PECIFICATIONS (6)2.4O PERATIONAL C ONDITIONS (7)2.5P HYSICAL S PECIFICATIONS (7)3HARDWARE DESIGN (8)3.1D ESIGN IN C ONSIDERATIONS (8)3.2UM4B0R EFERENCE D ESIGN (9)3.3P INS (10)3.4PCB P ACKAGING (11)3.5R ESET S IGNAL (12)3.6A NTENNA (12)3.7E XTERNAL A NTENNA F EED D ESIGN (12)4INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION (14)4.1ESD H ANDLING P RECAUTIONS (14)4.2H ARDWARE I NSTALLATION (14)4.3S TART U P (17)4.4C ONFIGURATION AND O UTPUT (17)4.4.1Operation Procedures (18)5CONFIGURATION COMMANDS (19)5.1RTK R EFERENCE S TATION C ONFIGURATION (20)5.2RTK R OVER C ONFIGURATION (21)5.3M OVING B ASE C ONFIGURATIONS (21)5.4H EADING C ONFIGURATION (21)6ANTENNA DETECTION (22)7FIRMWARE UPGRADE (22)8PRODUCTION REQUIREMENT (24)9PACKAGING (25)1Introduction1.1OverviewUM4B0 is a high precision positioning and heading RTK module developed by Unicore Communications, targeting light robots, UAVs, intelligent vehicles, GIS information collection, etc.By employing a single UC4C0 (432 channel tracking) baseband chip and a single RF chip, using single-sided SMD packaging, UM4B0 has achieved the smallest size(30x40mm) in this industry with high accuracy heading and positioning output. It can simultaneously track BDS B1I/B2I/B3I/B1C/B2a + GPS L1/L2/L5 + GLONASSL1/L2+Galileo E1/E5a/E5b.Figure 1-1 UM4B0 Module1.2Key Features•30*40mm, the smallest multi-system multi-frequency high precision module •Support GPS L1/L2/L5+GLONASS L1/L2+BDS B1I/B2I/B3I/B1C/B2a+Galileo E1/E5a/E5b•Based on 432 channel NebulasII GNSS SoC•20Hz update rate•Instant RTK initialization and long-distance RTK•Enhanced multi-system multi-frequency RTK technology, JamShield adaptive narrow-band anti-interference and U-AutoAlign multi-path mitigation •Support odometer input and external high-performance IMU interface* •SMD packagingUM4B0 User Manual 1.3Technical SpecificationsTable 1-1 Performance SpecificationsTable 1-2 Functional Ports1.4InterfacesFigure 1-2 Block Diagram1.RF PartThe receiver gets filtered and enhanced GNSS signal from the antenna via a coaxial cable. The RF part converts the RF input signals into the IF signal, and converts IF analog signal into digital signals required for NebulasII (UC4C0) digital processing.2.NebulasII SoC (UC4C0)The UM4B0 incorporates the processing from the NebulasII (UC4C0), UNICORECOMM’s new generation high precision GNSS SoC with 55nm low power design, which supports up to 12 digital intermediate frequency or 8 analog intermediate frequency signals and can track 12 navigation signals with 432 channels.3.1PPSUM4B0 outputs 1 PPS with adjustable pulse width and polarity.4.EventUM4B0 provides 1 Event Mark Input with adjustable pulse width and polarity.2Hardware2.1DimensionsUM4B0 User ManualFigure 2-1 Mechanical Dimensions2.2Pin Definition (Top View)Figure 2-2 UM4B0 Pin DiagramTable 2-2 Pin DefinitionUM4B0 User Manual2.3Electrical SpecificationsTable 2-3 Absolute Maximum Ratings2.4Operational ConditionsTable 2-4 Operational ConditionsNOTE: Since the product contains capacitors at the input, inrush current will occur during power-on. Evaluate in the actual environment in order to check the effect of the supply voltage drop due to the inrush current.2.5Physical SpecificationsTable 2-5 Physical Specifications3Hardware Design3.1Design in ConsiderationsTo make UM4B0 work properly, you need to properly connect the following:The module VCC power-on behavior is repeatable, the initial level is lower than0.4V, and the undershoot and ringing should be guaranteed to be within 5% VCC Provide stable power to the VCC pinConnect all the GND pins to groundConnect VBAT pin to a 3.0V power supplyConnect ANT_IN signal to the antenna, and ensure the 50-ohm impedance matchingConnect ANT_PWR to +3.3~5.5 V voltage, then supply +3.3~5.5 V feed to the antenna through ANT_INEnsure COM1 is connected to a PC or an external processor, and users can use this serial port to receive position data. COM1 is also necessary for firmwareupgradesProperly connect the module’s reset pin FRESET_N to ensure complete reset of the module. It will restore the module to the manufacturing configuration.When ANT_NLOD, ANT_FFLG and antenna detection indication signal are connected, the IO without any pull-up/down of the client MCU terminal isrequired at the input.In order to obtain proper performance, special concerns should be paid during the design:Power supply: A table and low ripple power supply is necessary for good performance. Make sure the peak-to-peak voltage ripple does not exceed50mVpp. It is recommended to use a power chip with current output capacity greater than 2A to power the board.-Use LDO to ensure the purity of power supply-Try to place LDO close to the module in layout-Widen the tracks of power circuit or use copper pour surface to transmit current-Avoid walking through any high-power or high inductance devices such as a magnetic coilInterfaces: Ensure that the signals and baud rate of the main equipment match those of the UM4B0 moduleAntenna interface: Make sure the antenna impedance matches, and the cable is short without any kinks, try to avoid all acute anglesTry to avoid designing in any circuits underneath UM4B0This module is a temperature sensitive device, so dramatic changes in temperature will result in reduced performance. Keep it away as far as possible from any high-power high-temperature air and heating devices3.2UM4B0 Reference DesignFigure 3-1 Minimum Reference DesignFigure 3-2 UM4B0 Reference Design 3.3PinsTable 3-1 Pin Notes3.4 PCB PackagingFigure 3-3 UM4B0 recommended PCB Packaging (unit: mil, in brackets: mm)3.5Reset SignalUM4B0 module can’t work properly unless it is correctly reset after power on. To ensure effective reset, the reset pin (RST) and power supply pin (VCC) must meet the following time sequence requirement. To reset UM4B0 during normal operation, please pull RST pin to low level for more than 5ms.Figure 3-4 UM4B0 RST3.6AntennaThe module has the antenna input pin ANT_IN, which provides a +3.3V antenna feed. When an active antenna of +3.3~5V is adopted, please make sure the 50 Ω antenna impedance is matched.Figure 3-5 UM4B0 Active Antenna Connection3.7External Antenna Feed DesignUM4B0 feeds the antenna signals to the required circuits internally, but in order to effectively prevent damage from lightning and surges, circuit protection should be installed externally to protect the module.High voltage and high-power protection chips should be used to feed the antenna from the outside of the module. A gas discharge tube, varistor, TVS tube and other high-power protective devices may also be used in the antenna circuit to effectively improve the prevention against lightning stroke and surge.ANTFigure 3-6 UM4B0 External Antenna Feed Reference CircuitRemarks:a)L1, feed inductor, 68nH RF inductor in 0603 package is recommended;b)C1, decoupling capacitor, it is recommended to connect two capacitors of 100nF/100pFin parallel;c)C2, DC blocking capacitor, recommended 100pF capacitor.4Installation and Configuration4.1ESD Handling PrecautionsUM4B0 Module is an Electrostatic Sensitive Device (ESD) and special precautions when handling are required.Electrostatic discharge may cause damages to the device. All operations mentioned in this chapter should be carried out on an antistatic workbench, wearing an antistatic wrist strap and using a conductive foam pad. If anantistatic workbench is not available, wear an antistatic wrist strap and connect the other end to a metal frame to avoid the effects of static electricity.Hold the edge of the module, not in direct contact with the componentsPlease check carefully whether the module has obviously loose or damaged components.Figure 4-1 Typical Installation of UM4B0Please check the contents of the package carefully after receiving the package of UM4B0.UM4B0 EVK suite (or evaluation board)User manualUPrecise softwareQualified antennaMMCX antenna cablePC or Laptop with serial ports (Win7 or above), with UPrecise installed4.2Hardware InstallationAfter the above preparation, please follow the steps below to install:Step 1: Make sure to take all the anti-static measures, such as wearing an anti-static wrist strap, grounding the workbench;Step 2: Align UM4B0 transfer board positioning holes and pins with EVK, and fix it in the EVK. EVK provides power supply and standard communication interface for the module to communicate with peripheral devices;NOTE: The RF connector of the board is MMCX, and the suitable connecting wire should be selected according to the package. The input signal gain at the antenna interface is optimal between 20 and 36 dB. Please select the appropriate antenna, antenna cable and online LNA accordingly.Figure 4-2 Installation InstructionStep 3: Select the GNSS antenna with appropriate gain, and fix it in a stable, non-block area, using the coaxial radio frequency cable to connect the antenna to UM4B0 EVK;Step 4: Connect the PC to the EVK serial port through direct serial cable;Figure 4-3 Connect the Serial PortStep 5: Connect a 12V adapter to the EVK power input, and switch on to powerthe device;Figure 4-4 Connect the AntennaStep 6: Open the UPrecise software on the PC;Step 7: Control the receiver through UPrecise to send commands or to log data.4.3Start UpThe power supply for UM4B0 is 3.3VDC. Before powering on the device, please connect UM4B0 serial port to the GNSS antenna. The receiver is started and the communication is connected after powering up. Testing tools are provided for module testing.4.4Configuration and OutputUNICORECOMM UPrecise software provides a user-friendly graphical interface to control and display the operation of your receiver. The features of Uprecise include: Logging Control View: Graphic interface for data loggingConsole window for sending command to the receiver (Console View)Displaying the receiver’s output in ASCII-format (ASCII View)Graphic window for displaying Position of satellite, PRN, and Signal/Noise Ratio (Constellation View)Historical and present Trajectory of the receiver (Trajectory View)Position/Velocity/Time of the receiver (PVT View)Apart from the basic functions above, UPrecise offers advanced functions as follows: Selecting and recording the logSending commands to the receiverOperating and configuration of the ASCII viewThe trajectory view for displaying the present point and the past point of the receiverSwitching Views over the tracking windowSwitching between Constellation ViewsResetting the receiverReplaying the GGA logFigure 4-5 UPrecise SoftwareUM4B0 User Manual 4.4.1Operation ProceduresStep 1. Follow 4.2 Installation Guide to connect the power source, antenna to the board, and turn on the EVK switchStep 2. Click file - > connect the serial port, and set the baud rate; the default baud rate of UB4B0M is 115200bpsFigure 4-6 Connect the Serial PortStep 3. Click the receiver settings button to configure the NMEA message output. Itis recommended to configure GPGGA, GPGSV, and other messages.Figure 4-7 NMEA Data OutputStep 4. Click the receiver settings button to configure the NMEA message output, then click send. It is recommended to configure GPGGA, GPGSV, and other messages. Step 5.In the data session window, click “Send all Message” to complete all the NMEA message output (update rate 1Hz). Right click in the data session window to adjust: output log font size, stop / resume log output, or clear log content, etc.Step 6. Use various views of UPrecise to configure or input commands as required.5Configuration CommandsUM4B0 supports abbreviated ASCII format. Simplified ASCII format without check bit is more accessible to user commands. All commands are composed of a log heading and configuration parameters (If parameters are null, there will be only one heading in the command). Header field contains the command name or message headers. UM4B0 is simple to use, and common instructions are shown in the following table:UM4B0 User Manual5.1RTK Reference Station ConfigurationIf the precise coordinates are known, the precise coordinates could be set as in this example:Mode base 40.07898324818 116.23660197714 60.4265 // set lat lon heightrtcm1033 com2 10 // RTCM1033 input from com2rtcm1006 com2 10rtcm1074 com2 1rtcm1084 com2 1rtcm1094 com2 1rtcm1124 com2 1saveconfigIf precise coordinates are unknown:Mode base time 60 1.5 2.0 // 60 seconds position averagertcm1033 com2 10rtcm1006 com2 10rtcm1074 com2 1rtcm1084 com2 1rtcm1094 com2 1rtcm1124 com2 1saveconfig5.2RTK Rover ConfigurationRTK Rover stations (rover station) receive differential correction data sent from reference stations and receive satellite signals to provide an RTK positioning solution and realize RTK high-precision positioning with cm or mm-level accuracy. Common instructions for configuring RTK rover are as follows:gngga 1saveconfig5.3Moving Base ConfigurationsRTK reference station provides precisely known coordinates of a fixed station. Unlike the RTK reference station, moving base station is in motion, at the same time receives the satellite information, and sends it to the rover station receiver (to be determined) directly or after processing. The rover station receiver receives satellite observations as well as information from the moving base station, to make relative positioning and determine the position of the rover station. Commonly used instructions to set the moving base station are as follows:Mode movingbasertcm1006 com2 1rtcm1074 com2 1rtcm1084 com2 1rtcm1094 com2 1rtcm1124 com2 1saveconfig5.4Heading ConfigurationGNSS heading refers to the clockwise angle between true North and the baseline vector constituted by the two GNSS antennas. Commonly used instructions are as follows:Mode headinggphdt com1 1saveconfigUM4B0 User Manual6Antenna Detection1The UM4B0 module offers antenna open/short detection. The corresponding pins are ANT_NLOAD and ANT_FFLG.•The current monitoring chip outputs 2 bit high and low voltage; the software portion sets 2 bit IO of corresponding NII as input pull-up, and then queries the status of 2 bit IO to check the antenna state.•If ANT_PWR malfunctions, the query result is invalid.•If the antenna is not fed by ANT_PWR but by other means, the query result is invalid.7Firmware UpgradeUprecise software is used for the remote update of UM4B0. Please follow the steps below to upgrade the device:Figure 7-1 Update InterfaceClick “…” to browse the firmware update package, and click“Start” to start the firmware upgrading process (uncheck software reset):1 Optional by FirmwareFigure 7-2 Update StepsWaiting for the process to complete 100% (the upgrade time is normally within 5min):Figure 7-3 Update StepsPlease use COM1 only to update firmware.UM4B0 User Manual8Production RequirementRecommended thermal cycle curve is as follows:Figure 8-1 Soldering TemperatureTemperature rising stage∙Rising slope: Max. 3℃/s∙Rising temperature range:50℃-150℃Preheating stage∙Preheating time: 60 – 120 s∙Preheating temperature range: 150 - 180℃Reflux Stage∙Over melting temperature (217℃) time: 40 – 60 s∙Peak temperature: no higher than 245℃Cooling Stage∙Cooling slope: Max. 4℃ / sNotes：In order to prevent fall off during soldering of the modules, please avoid soldering the module in the back of the Board during design, that is, better not to go through soldering cycle twice.The setting of temperature depends on many factors, such as type of Board, solder paste type, solder paste thickness, etc. Please also refer to the relevant IPC standards and indicators for solder paste.Since the lead soldering temperatures are relatively low, if using this soldering method, please give priority to other components on the Board.9PackagingUM4B0 modules are delivered in trays, which is suitable for mainstream SMT equipment. Each box contains 5 trays, so there are 150 UM4B0 modules in the box. Table 9-1 Package Informationw 。
KVM安装、配置及使用说明
KVM安装、配置及使⽤说明KVM安装、配置及使⽤说明⼀、安装KVMsudo apt install -y libvirt0 libvirt-daemon qemu virt-manager bridge-utils libvirt-clients python-libvirt qemu-efi uml-utilities virtinst qemu-system ⼆、命令安装镜像1、创建存储卷mkdir -p work/kvm;qemu-img create -f qcow2 /home/uos/work/kvm/autotest1.qcow2 80G2、创建虚拟机virt-install \--name autotest1 \--memory 2048 \--vcpus 1 \--disk /home/uos/work/kvm/autotest1.qcow2,device=disk,bus=virtio \--os-type=linux \--os-variant debian10 \--graphics spice \--noreboot \--boot hd \--cdrom "/home/uos/Desktop/test.iso" \--connect qemu:///system \--network type=direct,source=enp5s0f0,source_mode=bridge三、配置远程管理1、增加libvirtd⽤户组groupadd libvirtd2、设置⽤户到组sudo usermod -a -G libvirtd $USER3、设置启动libvirtd服务的⽤户组sudo vi /etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf在尾⾏写⼊unix_sock_group = "libvirtd"4、增加权限启动配置sudo vi /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-org.libvirtd-group-access.pkla写⼊[libvirtd group Management Access]Identity=unix-group:libvirtdAction=org.libvirt.unix.manageResultAny=yesResultInactive=yesResultActive=yes5、重启服务sudo service libvirtd restart四、问题1、Requested operation is not valid: network 'default' is not active解决⽅案：sudo virsh net-start default sudo virsh net-autostart default。
KVM5-300产品说明书
4 .产品描述
下面的数字显示本系列的典型应用。可能会与您所购买的型号可能会略有不同，从插图中所描述为参考 Console Unit
Co m puter Uni t
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ2-
5 .安装设定
5 .1 接地 为了防止造成产品或任何连接的设备损害，此点确认十分重要，以确保显示器（和/或电脑）和 KV M 延长器 连接到正确接地。
请仔细阅读本说明书，并按照其安装程序，以防止任何损害的单位或者任何连接设备
*根据实际产品为最终规格。 *为防止损害您的安装及设备，务必重要是，所有的设备都正确接地。
Ro HS
1 .产品介绍
K V M 延长器由一台本地端控制台(Co mputer Uni t ) 和远程控制台 Conso le(Stat ion)，两端控制面板连接各一 组键盘/显示器/鼠标并可透过 300 米内之低廉的 5 类/5e/6 类 UTP(unsh ie lded tw isted pa ir )缆线以远距离访问 并支持高影像解释度为 Ful l HD(1920 x 1080)/W U X G A(1920 x 1200)/UXG A(1600 x 1200)/Q W X G A(2048 x 计算机或 KV M 。 1152)/1920 x 1440 ,并采用简单的热键指令，你可以很方便地调整视频质量，以补偿因电缆长度和连接的服务 所 造成的视频质量差异，如均衡器（清晰度），增益（亮度）之间以同步达到最佳视频分辨率，及可调整 RGB 零 徧移斜延迟。本产品为经济并具可扩展性特色，专为为成长型企业设计。 也它提供了一个方便并可远程访问服 务器， 让你不论坐落在一个安全，干净或恶劣的环境皆可以便捷的方式访问 服务器。
Connect ion of 1to-3 and 1-to-2 cable
mldonkey的安装,配置20100220
最终解决办法就是：那个gz文件改好存好以后，将在http://localhost:4080/里面option 的net下面webinfos下的那个对应level1.gz文件的网址删除，然后自己从ip_blocking那手动加载刚才改好的文件。这样驴子就不会再自己下载了，世界终于清静了……
新的ipblocking文件下载地址：
max_hard_download_rate：按你的带宽修改，单位是KB/s。
max_hard_upload_rate：20应该够了吧。
max_indirect_connections：这个范围是30-70，如果你想要更多的连接，可以修改高一点。
max_opened_connections：这个最大可以到924，理由同上。
提高下载速度:
ED2K-max_connected_servers 30 最多连接的服务器数量
max_hard_download_rate 250 最大下载速度，我的是2M的网络，全速是250K左右
max_hard_download_rate_2 150 最大下载速度2，应该是限速模式下用的
ED2K-force_client_high_id：true。
ED2K-max_connected_servers：50（这个随便了，虽然最后只会稳定在几个而已）。
ED2K-port：不一定非要设置，但有些路由器需要端口映射，那么就需要修改这个了。
client_name：也许你想设置成[CHN][VeryCD]xxx之类的，虽然我从没觉得有用过。
~/.mldonkey/friends.ini 好友列表
~/.mldonkey_gui.ini 图形前端的配置文件
Polycom RPX HD 400和200系列版本2.7.1发布说明书
Release NotesPolycom® RPX™ HD 400 and 200 SeriesVersion 2.7.1Polycom announces the general availability release of its Polycom RealPresence Experience™ (RPX) HD, version 2.7.1. This document provides the latest information about this release.TopicsIntroducing the Polycom RPX HD 2.7.1 Release (2)What’s New in RPX HD Version 2.7.1? (2)Software and Firmware Used in Version 2.7.1 (2)Upgrading the Software to Version 2.7.1 (3)Configuring the Content Monitors in Your RPX Suite (4)Issues Fixed in This Release (6)Known Issues and Limitations (7)For Users (7)For Administrators (9)Where to Get the Latest Product Information (10)Copyright Information© 2011 Polycom, Inc. All rights reserved.3725-25796-012/B (January 2011)Polycom, Inc.4750 Willow RoadPleasanton, CA 94588-2708USATrademark InformationPOLYCOM®, the Polycom "Triangles" logo and the names and marks associated with Polycom's products are trademarks and/or service marks of Polycom, Inc. and are registered and/or common law marks in the United States and various other countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. No portion hereof may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, for any purpose other than the recipient's personal use, without the express written permission of Polycom.Introducing the Polycom RPX HD 2.7.1 ReleasePolycom is pleased to announce the release of the Polycom RPX HD 400 and 200 Series, version 2.7.1.The Polycom RealPresence Experience High Definition offers unprecedented high-definition video ina cinematic view, extraordinary StereoSurround™ audio, and high resolution content. This trulyimmersive meeting environment provides the ultimate meeting experience for executives in anyorganization, linking sites across the globe.What’s New in RPX HD Version 2.7.1?RPX HD version 2.7.1 is a maintenance release for RPX HD version 2.7, which provides the following functionality:∙Optimize bandwidth with H.264 High Profile, a standards-based video compression technology that delivers full HD quality while lowering your bandwidth requirements by up to 50 percent.H.264 High Profile is supported only on RPX HD systems with HDX 8000 series codecs.∙Simply and easily view a list of scheduled meetings and join those meetings using the Polycom Conferencing for Microsoft® Outlook® feature.∙Support for the new Delta VW7028 projector, which replaces the Delta VW7008 projector beginning in the first quarter of 2011.Information on the configuration of these and other RPX features is provided in the PolycomImmersive Telepresence (ITP) Administrator’s Guide.Software and Firmware Used in Version 2.7.1RPX HD version 2.7.1 uses the following software and firmware:∙Polycom Telepresence Tool version: 2.7.1.1 (TelepresenceTool_2.7.1.1.msi)∙Crestron software version: 2.7.1-1 (RPX_2.7.1-1.zip)∙Crestron AV2/PRO2 firmware version: 4.001.1012 (Feb 17 2009)(pro2_av2_cp2_cp2e_rack2_pac2_4.001.1012.zip)∙Crestron Touch Panel firmware version: 3.001.0015 (tps-3000_tps-3000l_tps-3100_tps-4000_tps- 4000l_3.001.0015.zip)∙HDX software version: polycom-hdx-hf-2.6.1.3_00_itp271-5267.pup∙HDX software version without encryption: polycom-hdx-hf-2.6.1.3_00_itp271_ne-5267.pup∙Delta projector firmware version for VW7008 projectors: FD31+SD30. The full file names are FD31-VW7008-20090907 and SD30-VW7008-2008090.∙Delta projector firmware version for VW7028 projectors: FP04+SP04. The full file names are FP04-VW7028BBCP-20101203 and SP04-VW7028BBCP-20100913.For information on versions of other Polycom products, such as RMX™ and CMA™, that are compatible with this release, refer to the Polycom Immersive Telepresence (ITP) Deployment Guide.Upgrading the Software to Version 2.7.1If the software at the RPX HD site is being upgraded to version 2.7.1 from an earlier version, theinstaller must follow these configuration procedures:1.Upgrade the Delta projector firmware if necessary.NOTE If you are upgrading the software to version 2.7.1 and your systemhas Delta projectors, you must ensure that the Delta projectorfirmware is at the correct version listed in the previous section. Thismay require you to upgrade the projector firmware. The firmwareupgrade must be performed onsite by a trained installer.2.Upgrade the HDX software.3.Configure the control system.4.Install and use the Telepresence Tool.5.Configure the Immersive Telepresence features.6.Align and calibrate the projectors (if you upgraded the projector firmware).7.Configure, align, and match the cameras (if you upgraded the projector firmware).The steps above are described in the Polycom RealPresence Experience (RPX) HD 400 Series Installation Guide, Version 2.7.1 or the Polycom RealPresence Experience (RPX) HD 200 Series Installation Guide,Version 2.7.1 as well as the Polycom Immersive Telepresence (ITP) Administrator’s Guide.Important Note: If your RPX HD system was installed after April 30, 2010 and you wish to upgrade from version 2.6 to version 2.7.1 software, you may need to obtain a new 1080p software license (part number 5150-26946-001) from Polycom. Please contact Polycom Customer Support at for more information.Configuring the Content Monitors in Your RPX Suite1.On the laptop, start the Polycom Telepresence Tool.2.The first time you use the Polycom Telepresence Tool with the RPX, the Select TelepresenceModel dialog box will appear and you must do the following:a.In the Select Model field, select the RPX system model.b.In the Select Main Display field, select the video format for the main displays installed inthe room.c.In the Select Content Display field, select Standard – VGA 1024x768.You must select Standard – VGA 1024x768 whether you have standard or widescreencontent monitors.d.Click OK.3.Press the Enter button on the content monitor to display the Configuration screen.4.Press the Right Arrow button on the screen to select Image Properties.5.Click OK.6.Press the Right Arrow button on the screen to select Scaling.7.Click OK.8.Select Full Screen.9.Click OK.10.If needed, press the Auto Sync button to make the content fill the screen.11.Repeat steps 3 through 10 for the remaining content monitors.Issues Fixed in This ReleaseRPX version 2.7.1 incorporates both HDX software version 2.6.1.3 and HDX hotfix version 2.6.1.3-HF5. HDX software version 2.6.1.3 provides a correction for an issue recently observed at the factory in which Polycom HDX systems restarted intermittently while in a call. HDX hotfix version 2.6.1.3-HF5 provides a correction to an intermittent lip sync issue.The following table lists the other issues fixed in RPX HD Version 2.7.1.Feature DescriptionAudio/Video Calls On rare occasions when placing a video or audio call with the Enhanced UI, the system may have automatically dialed the number before you pressed the Connect button.When viewing an RPX system in a 1080p multipoint call with an RMX 2000 or RMX 4000 with MPMx, you will no longer see a thin black vertical line between cells of the RPX system. For more information, refer to the Polycom® ImmersiveTelepresence (ITP) Deployment Guide.Touch Panel/ User Interface When joining a Polycom Conferencing for Microsoft Outlook (PCO) conference from the Touch Panel, you were not prompted for a conference password, even if a password was required for the meeting.With PCO, private meeting details were displayed on the Touch Panel, even if the Primary HDX system was not configured to Show Private Meeting Details.Known Issues and LimitationsFor UsersThe following table lists the known issues relevant to RPX HD end users.Feature DescriptionAudio/Video Calls The RPX will not accept any incoming audio calls when it is already in a video call.To avoid this issue, place outgoing audio calls instead of receiving incoming audio calls when you are already in a video call.When DTMF tones are heard during the process of dialing an audio call, the near-end and far-end audio is muted for a brief moment.If you hang up an incoming audio call and then immediately place an outgoing audio call, the RPX may not hang up the initial incoming audio call.To avoid this issue, wait five seconds between consecutive audio calls.If the RPX is in a single endpoint video call (such as with a VSX or HDX video conferencing system) and the Do Not Disturb feature on the RPX is disabled, an incoming call from a two-codec or three-codec system will cause the center camera on the RPX to momentarily move to the side before returning to its correct position.If the projectors are in sleep mode when an incoming video call is automatically accepted by the RPX, it may take up to 70 seconds for the projectors to automatically power up. During the 70 seconds that it takes for the projectors to warm up and show far-end video, the RPX meeting participants may not notice that the call has been established.To avoid this issue, verify that the projectors are powered up before placing or receiving any video calls.If the projectors are in sleep mode when a video call comes in, any codecs that are not being used will briefly show near-end video. This only occurs when the number of near-end codecs is more than the number of far-end codecs, such as when a RPX 400 on the near end receives an incoming call from an RPX 200 on the far end, or when either an RPX 400 or 200 receives an incoming call from a single endpoint (VSX or HDX).If you place a point-to-point call to an RMX Virtual Meeting Room (VMR) and then add a site to the call from the Conference List on the Meeting Composer screen (with the Enhanced UI only), the point-to-point call will be dropped and a multipoint call will be created with the VMR as a participant in that multipoint call.To avoid this, hang up the VMR call and then make a new call with the participants that you want in that call.If you are using Meeting Composer and you dial two audio sites concurrently, the Touch Panel may show that you are connected to the second audio number dialed when you are actually connected to the first number dialed.To avoid this issue, when want to connect to multiple audio sites or to both audio and video sites when using Meeting Composer, connect to the video sites first (if any), and then add the audio sites one at a time.When you place a call to an RMX VMR using the following syntax, the call will not go through: IP##MeetingRoomID.To avoid this issue, place the call using this syntax: MeetingRoomID@IP (for example,*************.130.21).Feature DescriptionAudio/Video Calls If you dial an incomplete IP address for a video call (for example, 172.16.254.), you may hear a ringing sound for approximately 90 seconds. Until the ringing ceases, you will be unable to place another call.Content If you share content using a laptop, for best results, set its input resolution to 1024x768 and its refresh rate to 75 Hz. This will ensure that the content image renders correctly.Document Cameras The Eye-10 document camera used in some custom solutions does not support the Freeze function that is available for other document camera models.Touch Panel/ User Interface If you press the Content button on the Touch Panel when no content source (such as a laptop) is connected to the RPX with the VGA cable, the Primary HDX codec will generate a hidden message on the Primary wall screen. The message states "PC input resolution and/or refresh rate not supported.” This message will not be visible onscreen because the RPX is programmed to picture mute all wall screens when the system is not in a call. If you establish a video call while the message is activated, the call will take longer than usual to connect. To avoid this issue, wait three seconds (during which time the message will time out) before placing a video call from the Touch Panel.In an audio call from an RPX to a cellular phone or analog phone, if the remote user disconnects the call first, the Touch Panel continues to show the audio call as in progress. To avoid this issue, manually press the Hang Up button after each audio call is completed. The RPX will not accept incoming audio or video calls when the Hang Up button is off hook.When searching for a site in the global directory with the Enhanced UI, up to nine characters can typically be displayed on the screen. However, depending on the width of the letters in the name, more or less of the site name may be truncated.With Meeting Composer, when dialing a phone number with more than 10 digits, or dialing anyotherlongstringsuchasextension@IP_address(ex:*************.130.201),the string will likely be truncated when displayed in the right-hand pane of the Touch Panel.If you place a point-to-point call to an RMX Virtual Meeting Room (VMR) and then add an audio-only site to the call, the two columns on the left side of the Meeting Composer screen in the Enhanced UI will go blank and the icons at the top of the columns will become grayed-out.When Polycom Conferencing for Microsoft Outlook (PCO) is used to schedule multiple meetings and you select one of the meetings on the Touch Panel, the details for that meeting display on the left side of the Touch Panel screen. If that meeting is cancelled, it is removed from the meeting list; however, the details of the cancelled meeting are still displayed on the left side of the Touch Panel screen.To fix this issue, simply select a different meeting from the meeting list.For AdministratorsThe following table lists the known issues relevant to RPX HD administrators.Feature DescriptionAudio/Video Calls When the primary codec answers an incoming video call, any HDX codecs that are not being used will automatically accept any other incoming video calls if the following conditions exist:1. The RPX 200 Series or RPX 400 Series is in a single endpoint video call with aVSX or HDX video conferencing system (video ad-hoc dialing).2. The RPX 400 is in a video call with an RPX 200 Series, a TPX™ 306M, or a TPX204M.To prevent unused codecs from accepting any incoming calls, use the Do Not Disturb timer. To change the amount of time before Do Not Disturb is activated, access the DoNotDisturbTimer field in the System_Config.ini file. In this field, you can enter a value between 10 and 300, or leave the value at 0 if you want to keep the feature disabled: DoNotDisturbTimer=x where x is the value (in seconds) of the desired timeoutperiod.For example, DoNotDisturbTimer=120 sets the parameter to 120 seconds.If you use the web UI to place a call that is not at the default call speed, the codecs will not automatically adjust to the same call speed. The Primary codec will connect at the call speed specified in the HDX web UI Call Quality field, but the remaining codecs will connect at the default call speed.To avoid this issue when placing a call using the web UI, connect to each codec individually at the desired call speed (if the desired call speed is different from the default).Avoid using the suffixes ‘1’, ‘2’, ‘3’, and ‘4’ for your audio speed dial name entries. Using these suffixes may cause the system to incorrectly interpret them as an ITP suite, instead of distinct audio speed dial entries.Avoid creating directory entries that have an “&” symbol in the name. If you do so, the entry will appear on the site list with the word “amp” in the name rather than the “&” symbol.When the RPX is in a call, sending Telnet commands to change the video format may not work properly.To avoid this issue, do not use Telnet commands to change the video format when the RPX is in a call.If you use the web UI to place a call that is not at the default call speed, the codecs will not automatically adjust to the same call speed. The Primary codec will connect at the call speed specified in the HDX web UI Call Quality field, but the remaining codecs will connect at the default call speed.To avoid this issue when placing a call using the web UI, connect to each codec individually at the desired call speed (if the desired call speed is different from the default).When an RPX calls another RPX in a point-to-point call, the codecs begin to connect one at a time. If network resources become limited, not all of the codecs may connect, which may make it appear that one of the projectors is not working properly. If a projector does not work correctly in a call, you should check if the codec connected. If it did not connect, reducing the call bandwidth may solve the issue.If your ITP environment is configured to use both the LDAP directory and H.323 Gatekeeper functions, and your speed dial entries are not IP addresses, video calls may take longer to connect due to the additional communication involved between the various components in the solution.Feature DescriptionControl System When you connect to the codecs through Telnet or through the Crestron Toolbox and use the command prompt, you may see “overflow buffer” and other error messages when you usethe Touch Panel. These errors also appear on the Crestron log. This issue does not affectsystem performance or functionality.Directory If you add a site from the CMA directory to the speed dial list and then later change the name of that site in the CMA, the speed dial entry name that is displayed on the Touch Panel maynot be updated.To fix this issue, reboot the codecs and the AV2 System Controller. Alternatively, from theHDX web UI, delete and re-add the renamed CMA site to the Speed Dial list.Microphones If you disconnect the Polycom Ceiling Microphone Arrays and then connect any microphones other than Ceiling Microphone Arrays, the proper stereo settings may be lost.If this occurs, launch the Polycom Telepresence Tool, make sure that all the HDX codecs areconnected, and then click Configure HDXs to set the microphones to their correct settings.Touch Panel/ User Interface If any of the HDX codecs are rebooted without rebooting the AV2 System Controller as well, the HDX UI remains onscreen.To avoid this issue, reboot the AV2 System Controller whenever any of the HDX codecs are rebooted. The VNOC, Service, and Site Administration teams are advised to reboot (power up) the AV2 System Controller after the HDX reboots (powers up) as part of the reset process or when recovering from a power failure. Placing a call without rebooting the AV2 System Controller will cause the Touch Panel to freeze.If you reboot the Primary HDX codec while the RPX is in an audio call (with the Help Desk, for example), the Hang Up button on the Touch Panel will freeze.To avoid this issue, reboot the AV2 System Controller when the Hang Up button enters that frozen state.Occasionally, the incorrect video format will be displayed on the Touch Panel Admin screen. To determine the correct video format:1. From the web UI, go to Admin Settings > Cameras.2. Check the Video Quality field for the camera being used. If VideoQuality=Sharpness, the video format is 1080p30; if Video Quality=Motion, thevideo format is 720p60.Alternatively, you can check the Video Format on the web UI Place a Call page.When initially loading the Crestron Touch Panel and then loading the AV2 System Controller, a Toolbox Results dialog box may appear at the end of the installation process. Although this dialog box displays an error message, the installation completed successfully.If users report that the Touch Panel seems to take an unusually long time to return directory information, check if there are LDAP entries in the directory that are no longer valid. If there are such entries, correct them.Where to Get the Latest Product InformationTo view the latest Polycom product documentation, visit the Support section of the Polycom website at .。
ioLogik E1200系列快速安装指南说明书
P/N: 1802012001015*1802012001015*ioLogik E1200 Series Quick Installation GuideEthernet Remote I/OEdition 6.0, December 2016Technical Support Contact Information /support Moxa Americas:Toll-free: 1-888-669-2872Tel: 1-714-528-6777Fax: 1-714-528-6778 Moxa China (Shanghai office): Toll-free: 800-820-5036 Tel: +86-21-5258-9955 Fax: +86-21-5258-5505 Moxa Europe:Tel: +49-89-3 70 03 99-0Fax: +49-89-3 70 03 99-99 Moxa Asia-Pacific: Tel: +886-2-8919-1230 Fax: +886-2-8919-1231 Moxa India:Tel: +91-80-4172-9088Fax: +91-80-4132-10452016 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.Package Checklist• 1 ioLogik E1200 series remote I/O product •Quick installation guide (printed)InstallationJumper SettingsModels with DIO, AI, or external power channels require configuring the jumpers inside the enclosure. Remove the screw located on the back panel and open the cover to configure the jumpers.DIO mode configurations areshown above (Default: DO Mode).Analog mode configurations areshown above (Default: VoltageMode).DOs on the ioLogik E1213 have 3possible external (EXT) powerconfigurations, which are shown tothe right. Only one field power canbe selected at a time (JP10 / 12V JP5/ 9V JP11) and the jumper must beinserted vertically, not horizontally(Default: Field Power JP10).NOTE The ioLogik E1213 has 4 pure DO channels and 4 hybrid DIO channels. For the 4 pure DO channels, you can use the jumpers toselect the power configuration output (i.e., field power, 12 V, 9V). But for the 4 hybrid DIO channels, you cannot use thejumpers to select the power configuration output. Instead, youcan only use the jumpers to set the DIO channels to either DImode or DO mode.I/O WiringDigital Inputs/OutputsAnalog Inputs/OutputsRelay Output (Form A)RTD InputsTC InputsNOTE A “load” in a circuit schematic is a component or portion of the circuit that consumes electric power. For the diagrams shown in this document, “load” refers to the devices or systems connected to the remote I/O unit.MountingThere are two sliders on the back of the unit for DIN rail and wall mounting.1. Mounting on a DIN rail: Pull out the bottom slider; latch the unitonto the DIN-rail, and push the slider back in.2. Mounting on the wall: Pull out both the top and bottom sliders andalign the screws accordingly.Connecting the PowerConnect the +12 to +36 VDC power line to the ioLogik E1200’s terminal block V+ terminal; connect the ground from the power supply to the V- terminal. Connect the ground pin () if earth ground is available.NOTE For safety reasons, wires connecting the power supply should beat least 2 mm in diameter (e.g., 12 gauge wires).Connecting to the NetworkThe ioLogik E1200 has two built-in RJ45 Ethernet ports for connecting standard direct or cross-over Ethernet cables.LED IndicatorsSystem ConfigurationConfiguration via Web ConsoleMain configuration of an ioLogik E1200 is by web console.•Default IP Address: 192.168.127.254•Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0NOTE Be sure to configure the host PC’s IP address to the same subnet as the ioLogik E1200. For example, 192.168.127.253 ioSearch UtilityioSearch is a search utility that helps users locate an ioLogik E1200 on the local network. The utility can be downloaded from Moxa’s website. Load Factory Default SettingsThere are three ways to restore the ioLogik E1200 to factory default settings.1.Hold the RESET button for 5 seconds.2.In the ioSearch utility, right-click on the ioLogik device to be reset andselect Reset to Default.3.Select Load Factory Default from the web console.NOTE Please refer to the user's manual for detailed configuration and settings information.How to Download the SoftwareStep 1: Click on the following link to open the Support & Downloads search tool:/support/support_home.aspx?isSearchShow=1 Step 2: Type the model name in the search box or select a product from the drop down box and then click Search.Step 3: Click the Software Packages link to download the latest software for the product.ATEX Information1.Certificate number: DEMKO 13 ATEX 1210600X2.Certification string: Ex nA nC IIC T3 Gc3.Standards covered:EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013, EN 60079-15:20104.These products are to be installed in an ATEX Certified IP54enclosure and accessible only by the use of a tool.5.These products are for use in an area of not more than pollutiondegree 2 in accordance with IEC 60664-1.。
MikroTik无线配置手册
基于 PPPoE 的 WLAN 认证 基于 Hotspot 的 WLAN 认证 第八章 基于 VLAN 的 WLAN 网络
版本
W3.2b
成都网大科技有限公司
前言
该教程对 WLAN 的基础知识和常见问题都做了普通的讲解，对现在主流的 WLAN 网络的常见连接方式如： 点对点、点对多点、中继、WDS 和 Mesh 网络做了讲解和配置说明，能让阅读者对 MikroTik 产品的 WLAN 应 用和配置等得到充分了解。
构建基于 MikroTik 产品的 WLAN 网络，需要基于对 MikroTik RouterOS 一定的掌握，如对 RouterOS 的基 本操作和 IP 网络协议的了解。内容如有更新,恕不通知。
-1-
成都网大科技有限公司
第一章 WLAN 无线网络知识
WLAN 构建常见问题
1、构建 Wlan 我们需要什么？ 设备组成包括 MikroTik 无线路由器，根据适当的环境选择天线，如天线的发射频段，天线的增益大小（通过覆 盖使用全向或扇形天线，长距离传输使用抛物面高增益天线）与设备连接的馈线，以及用于固定 MikroTik 设备 和天线的支架，并且做好相应的防雷工作。MikroTik 路由器连接有线和无线网络， 路由器配置为桥接模式或者 路由模式，用于连接无线和有线网络。通过安装好的天线将信号发送到周边的客户。
3、菲涅尔区(Fresnel Zone)
在收发天线之间连一条线，以这条线为轴心，以 R 为半径的一个类似于管道的区域内，没有障碍物的阻挡。如图所示，这个 管道称为菲涅尔区(Fresnel Zone)，菲涅尔区是一个椭球体，收发天线位于椭球的两个焦点上，
KVM切换器实测
KVM切換器實測：Tom's硬體指南障礙賽: 導論- 2001-10-23 以Equipe Tom's Hardware來源: Tom's Hardware China–關鍵字: belkin, f1ds102t, linksys, kvm100sk, iogear, gcs102u, iogear, gcs124u, jargy, cs, usb2, keyboardvideomonitor, switches, set, top, set, top, settop, setop, playstation, dreamcast, n64, sony, nintendo, gameboy, sega, test, review, benchmark導論能在幾台電腦間做立即的切換，其實並不算是很新潮的創意。
在伺服器應用上這已經行之有年，許多資訊店家都使用這種技術，來控管機架上的許多台主機。
這種方式的好處，在於您只需要一組鍵盤、滑鼠和螢幕。
除了減低成本、增加空間等看得到的好處之外，這種切換技術也會為您省下「無形」的成本，像是電力的消費等等。
不過這種稱作KVM（Keyboard/Video/Monitor）的電子式多電腦切換技術，已經不再是資訊店家專用的產品了。
許多家用電腦使用者，也正在尋找一種可以不用額外買螢幕、鍵盤和滑鼠，就可以同時用新舊電腦的方法。
過去傳統的切換器產品，主要有兩個問題。
它們可能運作不良，售價也太貴了。
不過和買第二組螢幕、鍵盤、滑鼠比起來，現今的KVM切換器可以說已經是個不錯的選擇了。
許多高階KVM切換器上，原本只有資訊人員才用的上的特殊功能，現在也出現在一般市場當中。
這些新的KVM切換器，甚至還加入了針對家用，或是重度電腦使用者而設計的新功能。
更棒的是價格已經明顯下降。
之前要買一款功能齊全的KVM切換器通常得花350美元以上，不過現在大概只要一半價錢。
其實要製造一台好的KVM切換器，技術上來說並不需要很先進的科技。
美如画固件刷机
[官方] Mygica美如画V系R系的固件升级方法本帖最后由 liuyifang7 于 2011-10-12 14:02 编辑Mygica美如画V系 R系的固件升级方法1.固件下载固件分类：1)V4单独固件2)R4-1185/N4同一款固件3)R6-1185单独固件4)V5/V7/R5-1185/M5/R5W同一款固件5)V8单独固件6)V6单独固件7)R4-1073/R6-1073同一款固件8)R3-1073/R5-1073同一款固件9)R9-1283单独固件（可刷R9带WiFi天线的固件）10)R9-1283带WiFi天线的单独固件1）.官方固件下载可以去官方网站--下载中心--固件升级中下载例如：找到自己机器型号的固件，以R4-1185为例，5 小时前上传下载附件 (50.93 KB)首先看清楚固件改进，对自己的使用是否有帮助，如果没有帮助可以不升级，如果有你需要的功能或者BUG改进，那么下拉找到下载区5 小时前上传下载附件 (58.08 KB)看清楚升级步骤（首先应该去系统升级--升级--版本信息，查看当前版本号，版本日期等信息，方便核对升级后是否成功）后，点击下载，此下载为直接IE下载存储5 小时前上传下载附件 (35.28 KB)选择保存地址后确定开始下载注：由于各个玩家家中电脑使用的IE浏览器不同，也会有不同界面，有的可能是IE自带下载工具，或者绑定迅雷下载工具的，可以直接操作。
2）.DIY固件下载可以去--MyGica美如画DIY专区下载DIY固件与官方固件区别在于--网络媒体，在网络媒体中添加了大量了在线视频，直播，影视等内容。
在这里，华语高清论坛为美如画广大用户提供了最全面，最强劲，最快速的DIY固件升级。
首先进入论坛MyGica美如画DIY专区，找到与自己型号相符合的固件专贴，查看更新内容，找适合自己的固件升级。
下载固件的前提需要回帖才能看到下载地址，所以必须注册成为我们华语高清论坛的一员，回复后返回首页查看固件下载地址，论坛中所有固件都是通过115网盘转存的，打开页面后，点击电信下载/联通下载，装有优蛋的用户还可以选择网盘高速下载。
硬盘播放器的选购-高清播放机-MySiLU思路高清主题社区：-PoweredbyDiscuz!
硬盘播放器的选购-高清播放机-MySiLU思路高清主题社区：-PoweredbyDiscuz!硬盘播放器的选购高清播放机的选购淘宝高清达人：zhaozhao_2011晚上《电脑爱好者》的主编把我拎起来的时候，正在网上和一个客户相谈甚欢。
收到高清硬盘播放器这个题目的时候懵了半天，因为平时接触到的客户大多数对高清的概念不甚了了，再加上某些厂商混淆视听，结果就是每个人对高清都有自己的理解，所以有必要在这里先为高清正一下名。
分辨率篇说到高清，一定要先厘清各种分辨率，要把所有的视频分辨率一一详述的话，够写一大本书，这里只就我们日常生活中经常碰到的视频分辨率图示如下：PAL制的VCD：352×288应该是目前大家所能接受的在电视上播放的最低分辨率了。
它采用MPEG-1格式压制，大家所熟知的[url=]MP3[/url]就是MPEG-1的第三层。
MPEG-1格式的视频经电脑编辑后保存为.mpg，被刻录成光盘后的格式是.dat。
模拟电视：理论分辨率为640×480，由于是隔行扫描，实际效果不超过400线。
模拟电视抗干扰能力不强，画质受环境影响较大，所以目前国内的模拟电视已经在逐步停播了。
DVD、标清数字电视：N制DVD的分辨率是720×480，PAL制是720×576，国内标清数字电视也是这一分辨率。
采用MPEG2格式压制，这种视频格式的文件扩展名包括.mpg、.mpe、.mpeg、.m2v 及DVD光盘上的VOB文件等。
RM播放器：是目前国内硬盘播放器的主流，主机价格和片源的获得成本极低，对传统DVD行业冲击极大。
由于RM播放器支持的最大分辨率为1024×576，比DVD略高，所以某些厂家在宣传的时候常常夸大其词，冠以高清硬盘播放器的称号，是消费者误解的重灾区。
标准高清720P和1080I：二者所占的带宽是一样的，是国际公认的标准高清电视（HDTV）分辨率，国标DMB-TH的高清电视节目就是采用1080I的分辨率。
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Don’t drop the ball!
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 4
Our goal
Don’t drop the ball! Don’t drop the VMs!
Hardware failure
Test machines
Hardware spec
• CPU: Quad-core Intel Xeon 2.6GHz X 2 • Network: Gb Ethernet, Chelsio 10G • SAN: FC Disk Array
event-tap: which and when to capture
Guest OS QEMU
ioport
e1000 virtio-net ide
Hooks at net/block layer in QEMU
Applicable to many device models PV Drivers only in Xen
event-tap transfers events to the secondary
replayed on the secondary upon failover
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 3
What is Kemari?
(Kemari) Kemari is a football game that players keep a ball in the air
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
2
What is Kemari?
(Kemari) Kemari is a football game that players keep a ball in the air
Linux HW
KVM
Linux HW
SAN/NFS
KVM
event-tap: controls when to start VM sync ft-transaction: sender/receiver for VM transaction
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 9
Extending LM for continuous VM transaction
sender receiver
savevm
pages
cpu
loadvm
pages
cpu
vga
vga
QEMUFile
QEMUFile
ft-transaction
Encapsulate with transaction headers
Kemari: Fault Tolerant VM Synchronization based on KVM
Yoshi Tamura NTT Cyber Space Labs. tamura.yoshiaki@lab.ntt.co.jp
Aug 10, 2010
What is Kemari?
(Kemari)
Linux HW
KVM
Linux HW
SAN/NFS
KVM
event-tap: controls when to start VM sync ft-transaction: sender/receiver for VM transaction
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 11
Sync VMs before sending or receiving Events
Events: Storage, network
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 7
Architecture based on KVM/QEMU
Keep running transparently
Kemari: Virtual Machine Synchronization
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 5
Use cases of Kemari
ft-transaction
Decapsulate and buffer the transaction
migration_tcp
migration_tcp
14
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
Extending LM for continuous VM transaction
Extending LM for continuous VM transaction
sender receiver
savevm
pages
cpu
loadvm
pages
cpu
vga
vga
QEMUFile
QEMUFile
Buffered file
Transmit
migration_tcp
migration_tcp
sender receiver
savevm
pages
cpu
loadvm
pages
cpu
vga
vga
No need to modify loadvm handlers
QEMUFile
QEMUFile
savevm format is unchanged
ft-transaction
Encapsulate with transaction headers
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
6
Event-driven VM synchronization
Primary VM
1. Pause Primary, and sync with Secondary
Secondary VM
Boosts 17% with InfiniBand (IPoIB) RDMA migration may benefit potentially
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
16
Current status
Patches for qemu.git and qemu-kvm.git
Need to catch up the head!
Manual failover only
Needs async/threaded migration for integrating with HA stack
KVM
event-tap: controls when to start VM sync ft-transaction: sender/receiver for VM transaction
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 8
Need to make the overhead of sync smaller
Make sync time shorter Only transfer updated data
tinterval
tsync
2. Resume Primary after sync
Sync VMs less often Secondary must be able to continue transparently
vga
vga
QEMUFile
QEMUFile
ft-transaction
Encapsulate with transaction headers
migration_tcp
migration_tcp
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
Guest VM
QEMU
dirty pages device Info
QEMU
sender
receiver
dirty pages device info
Guest VM
emulator
event-tap net block M
Linux HW
SAN/NFS
ft-transaction
Decapsulate and buffer the transaction
migration_tcp
migration_tcp
15
Copyright © 2007-2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
Optimizations for Kemari
Architecture based on KVM/QEMU
Guest VM
QEMU
dirty pages device Info